Digital Commons Network^™

The Interconnected Process Of Design And Science: A Method For Mapping Concepts And Knowledge, Carol Azzam, Karla Straker, Cara Wrigley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Innovation is often perceived as an unmanageable phenomenon. Design introduces creative problem definition, such that science knowledge can lead to innovation. Simon (1968) alludes to the tension between science and its practical applications in his discussion, The Sciences of the Artificial. This paper explores the relationship between the two fields of science and design through C-K Theory. Four case studies are analysed through the deconstruction of a C-K map - a tool that allows a project to be described based on the way ideas and information have developed over time. The findings present three new models within the C-K theory …

Using Heterotopias To Characterise Interactions In Physical/Digital Spaces, Haider Ali Akmal, Paul Coulton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper addresses the complexity of designing interactions in hybrid digital/physical spaces, in which notions of public and private are becoming increasingly blurred, by using a philosophical lens to characterise such spaces. In particular it references the ideas presented by Michel Foucault in his essay “Of Other Spaces”. It proposes the presence of a spatial division within physical and virtual, in terms of private and public, and juxtaposes them through a Heterotopical Model for Inter-Spatial Interaction through which designers can examine the coexistence of physical and digital interactions. The purpose of modelling this juxtaposition is to help designers understand the …

Three Arguments About The Current State Of Scientific Design Process Theories, Jordan Beck, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design process is a central object of inquiry in design research. Many scholars have studied designing and presented their findings in the form of models, frameworks, and schemas. A general understanding of designing is an interesting prospect, and yet there seem to be fewer theories about the design process achieving (or aspiring to achieve) scientific status. In this paper, we explore possible reasons why this may be the case. Based on ongoing research about design theories (n=175), we explore the possibility that there are fewer scientific theories about the design process. Then, we propose three possible arguments as to …

The Design Laboratory. A Review Of Five Design Education Programmes, Gert Hasenhütl

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Five steps in the development of design studio culture are analysed based on a review of the literature: (i) Nikolai Ladovsky ́s “Psycho-Technical Research Laboratory”, 1921 to 1927, (ii) Gilbert Rohde ́s “Design Laboratory”, 1935 to 1937, (iii) Frederick Kiesler ́s “Laboratory for Design Correlation”, 1937 to 1941, (iv) John C. Jones ́ “Design Research Laboratory”, approx. 1963 to 1974, and (v) Neil Gershenfeld ́s “Fab Labs”, since 2003. Attention is drawn to the different ways in which art, science and technology are included in the curricula of these educational programmes. Contents and goals of teaching refer to features of …

Heart Sense: Experiments In Design As A Catalyst For Feminist Reflections On Embodiment, Nassim Jafarinaimi, Anne Pollock

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents the design of a series of experimental data visualizations aimed at reflection and conversation about embodied interactions and physiological data. Taking heart rate as the point of entry, these visualization challenge binaries such as matter/meaning, subjectivity/objectivity, and self/other. More specifically, we present three visualizations. The first one illustrates physiological interaction with emotionally engaging material. The second one explores the experience of time by centring the rate of heartbeats. The third one foregrounds the impact of the environment on physiology and its role in creating a kind of embodied social connection. Together, these three visualizations open up space …

Changes In Design Research: Sources And Methods Of Idea Generation In Industrial Design, Ying Sun, Sander Münster, Carlo Michael Sommer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design idea generation is a process rooted in individual knowledge and is often considered a precedent-based type of reasoning, where knowledge is continuously transformed to produce new insights. Selecting and organizing inspirational sources has a profound impact on how industrial designers generate creative solutions and creates its own challenges. Many authors have focused on what materials designers look for while searching for inspiration. However, there is less research concerning the approaches used to guide the process of envisioning design solutions when using these sources. Therefore, we conducted open-ended semi-structured qualitative interviews with 12 designers, to learn about how experienced industrial …

Change Matters: Theories Of Postdigital Textiles And Material Design, Elaine Igoe

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper identifies examples of postdigital practice in textile and material design and uses the theories of New Materialism and the concept of the New Aesthetic to understand contemporary practice methods and outcomes. In the context of Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Modernity it seeks to develop a theoretical context for designing textiles and materials that may be crafted algorithmically, that are alive with agency and pervasive in our subjectivity. Using key examples of contemporary designers, this paper identifies the deepening relationship between textiles and material design practice in the postdigital era. It begins to trace a legacy that asserts a continuity …

Series Solution Of Typhoid Fever Model Using Differential Transform Method, O. J. Peter, O. B. Akinduko, C. Y. Ishola, O. A. Afolabi, A. B. Ganiyu

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

This paper presents an analysis of PSIuIeTR type model, which are used to study the transmission dynamics of typhoid fever diseases in a population. Basic idea of typhoid fever disease transmission using compartmental modeling is discussed. Differential Transformation Method (DTM) is discussed in detail, which is used to compute the series solution of the non-linear system of differential equation governing the model equations. The validity of the (DTM) in solving the proposed model is established by classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta method which is implemented in Maple 18. Graphical results confirm that (DTM) is in good agreement with RK-4 and this produced …

Clay Flocculation Effect On Microbial Community Composition In Water And Sediment, Chunyi Chen, Gang Pan, Wenqing Shi, Feng Xu, Stephen Techtmann, Susan M. Pfiffner, Terry Hazen

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Clay-based flocculation techniques have been developed to mitigate harmful algal blooms; however, the potential ecological impacts on the microbial community are poorly understood. In this study, chemical measurements were combined with 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the microbial community response to different flocculation techniques, including controls, clay flocculation, clay flocculation with zeolite, and clay flocculation with O₂ added zeolite capping. Sediment bacterial biomass measured by PLFA were not significantly altered by the various flocculation techniques used. However, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed differences in water microbial community structure between treatments with and without zeolite capping. The differences were related to …

The Educational Emphases Of Science Teachers In Us Evangelical Protestant High Schools, Albert Cheng

Education Reform Faculty and Graduate Students Publications

I examine the educational emphases of science teachers in Evangelical Protestant (EP) schools, including (1) teaching basic content knowledge, (2) improving scientific reasoning skills, and (3) presenting real-world applications of science. Using a nationally representative sample of US ninth-graders, I find differences in these educational emphases between science teachers in EP schools and science teachers in secular private, Catholic, and public schools. I also find suggestive evidence that differences in STEM-related student outcomes across school sectors, which have been demonstrated in prior research, are associated with cross-sector differences in the emphases of science teachers.

Factors Affecting Spatial Differences In Health Outcomes, Kwadwo Poku-Agyemang

LSU Master's Theses

This study sought to establish the impact of the disparities between Metropolitan, Micropolitan and Non-Core communities on life expectancy. The study also assesses the impact of individual behavioral choices and certain social variables and county level policies one the life expectancy in a county.

A simple mean comparison analysis is employed to establish the differences in life expectancy across the various levels of the urban hierarchy in 1,553 counties in the United States. An ordinary least squares model is used to tease out the relationship between specific individual choice factors; smoking habits, obesity and exercise habits and socio-economic factors; medicare …

Backstepping And Sequential Predictors For Control Systems, Jerome Avery Weston

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

We provide new methods in mathematical control theory for two significant classes of control systems with time delays, based on backstepping and sequential prediction. Our bounded backstepping results ensure global asymptotic stability for partially linear systems with an arbitrarily large number of integrators. We also build sequential predictors for time-varying linear systems with time-varying delays in the control, sampling in the control, and time-varying measurement delays. Our bounded backstepping results are novel because of their use of converging-input-converging-state conditions, which make it possible to solve feedback stabilization problems under input delays and under boundedness conditions on the feedback control. Our …

Acceptance And Commitment Therapy As An Intervention For Adolescent Chronic Pain Related To Pectus Excavatum: A Case Study, Hayley N. Roberts

Graduate School of Professional Psychology: Doctoral Papers and Masters Projects

The most common chest wall deformity, Pectus Excavatum (PE), is a congenital deformity in which the sternum and adjoining chest wall cave inwards toward the spine (Lawson et al., 2003). While corrective surgical procedures have been shown to have positive effects on the physical and psychosocial well-being of patients with PE (Krasopoulos, Dusmet, Ladas, & Goldstraw, 2006), often surgical procedures, such as those done to correct PE, can result in what is known as Chronic Post-Surgical Pain (CPSP). CPSP has been shown to have great bearing on the patient’s overall well-being (Weinrib et al., 2017), meaning that while the corrective …

Smart Vertical Farm System (Svfs), Sarasit Sirawattanakul

The International Student Science Fair 2018

The unremitting trends of increasing population, urbanization, diminishing water supply, and continuing climate change have contributed to declining stocks of arable land per person. Land available for farming is shrinking, and the demand for food is growing. All of these lead to food insecurity. For the first version of Smart Vertical Farm System is designed to increase food productions by an automatic system. It built with shelves which support soil and hydroponic system, stacked vertically. The system first shovels the soil in the tray and sews the seeds. There is also additional watering system. The hydroponic parts are on the …

Dynamics Of A Vertically Vibrated Doubly Tethered Granular Chain, Lorenzo P. Joquiño

The International Student Science Fair 2018

Polymer physics studies the structure and dynamics of polymers and polymeric systems. Results from polymer physics have been used in various fields such as biology, polymer processing, and electronics. Mechanical analogs like granular chain have been utilized in studying polymer dynamics as they are able to demonstrate coarsed-grained behavior of polymer motion while still being accurate about a polymer's properties at a larger length scale. In this study, vibrated granular chain of beads was used as an analog system to represent the polymer motion in a solution. The granular chain was confined to a circular container. Its both ends were …

Primary Cns Burkitt Lymphoma: A Case Report Of A 55- Year-Old Cerebral Palsy Patient, Kathryn Bower, Nilay Shah

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

With primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) being a rare disease, the subtype of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) presenting as a sole CNS lesion is an even more exceptional diagnosis. A case of coexistent primary CNS Burkitt lymphoma (PCNSBL) with cerebral palsy (CP) is presented. A 55-year-old Caucasian male presented with increasing bilateral lower extremity weakness above his baseline in addition to signs of increased intracranial pressure. Four abnormal enhancing masses were detected on MRI with biopsy results consistent with Burkitt lymphoma. Complete staging workup was completed with no evidence of extra-CNS disease noted on PET/CT, bone marrow biopsy, or cerebral …

Working On The Wayne | Autumn Olive Displacing Native Species, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Propers 7 (Pentecost 5) Series B 2018, Phillip L. Brandt

Sunday's Sermon

This PDF comments on the Propers Seven, Series B and offers ideas for proclamation and preaching.

Central Florida Future, Vol. 42 No. 40, June 24, 2010

Central Florida Future

Lightning sparks fire at Pointe; Uncover Thursdays; Plus: Grown Ups; Gold standard; Victim Services a road to recovery; Veteran Services to ship out to new post.

De-Segregating Attire: How Appearance Has Guided History, Greeny V. Valbuena

DePaul Journal of Women, Gender and the Law

No abstract provided.

The Unequal Battlefield: How The Transgender Ban Would Affect One-Percent Of The Armed Forces, Jennifer M. Garcia

DePaul Journal of Women, Gender and the Law

No abstract provided.

One Text, Another Rendering Now: In The Wake Of Hively V. Ivy Tech Cmty. Coll. Of Ind., The Continuing Struggle To Define Sex Discrimination Under Title Vii, Kaitlyn Krall

DePaul Journal of Women, Gender and the Law

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Production Of Bio-Based Succinic Acid From Plant Biomass, Enlin Lo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Succinic acid is a compound used for manufacturing lacquers, resins, and other coating chemicals. It is also used in the food and beverage industry as a flavor additive. It is predominantly manufactured from petrochemicals, but it can also be produced more sustainably by fermentation of sugars from renewable feedstocks (biomass). Bio-based succinic acid has excellent potential for becoming a platform chemical (building block) for commodity and high-value chemicals.

In this study, we focused on the production of bio-based succinic acid from the fiber of sweet sorghum (SS), which has a high fermentable sugar content and can be cultivated in a …

The Things They Carried: An Analysis Of Loyalty And Its Disintegration In The Combat Zone, Emily Ensign

BYU English Symposium

In Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried, a unique brotherhood develops among the soldiers. The responsibilities and terrors faced in the war bring the men together in a binding pact of loyalty. By joining the battalion, an individual enlists as part of the “membership in the family, the blood fraternity.” This comradery runs deep enough that the soldiers feel as though they are true “brothers” (185). When the soldiers leave the boonies and their familial pact and “become a civilian,” they experience a “new sense of separation” from their brothers that equates to feelings of betrayal (185, 184). The …

Investigating Sports Drinks. Are They Worth The Money?, Ross Winter, Jamie Burnell

The International Student Science Fair 2018

Investigating Sports Drinks. Are they worth the money?

The sports drinks industry is a huge global business which shows no signs of slowing down. The inspiration to conduct this investigation came from an observation that there is an increasing consumption of sports and energy drinks within our community, particularly amongst children. The message from the advertisers is clear- athletes should replace lost body fluid with drinks that contain electrolytes, such as sports drinks. However, there are conflicting suggestions from conducting literature reviews; that, not only are these drinks unhealthy in terms of the high sugar content, but instead water …

Glucosamine From Hydrolysis Of 3d Printing Chitosan For Osteoarthritis Treatment, Ruj Dansriboon, Laphon Premcharoen

The International Student Science Fair 2018

This project aims to introduce a new way for osteoarthritis treatment which is expected to increase in the future. Glucosamine is the main subject for a treatment, which can be derived by hydrolyzing chitosan. This project also includes extraction of chitosan from shrimp waste to make a worthy use of food waste from industry. In this project, 3D printer is applied to print chitosan gel since 3D printing is adjustable to form various shapes of the gel.

The research process begins with the extraction of chitosan from shrimp shells. For the next step, the percent of deacetylation of chitosan was …

Identification And Folding Of Mirna Through Machine Learning, Xavier Pellow

The International Student Science Fair 2018

As of writing, there is currently no efficient way to accurately identify miRNA or predict the structure of miRNA without the usage of a lab. The purpose of this work is to provide a framework which allows for efficient identification of mature miRNA and folding of pre-miRNA using a feedforward neural network (FFNN) and probabilistic context-free grammar (PCFG) parsing, respectively. After training, the FFNN developed an accuracy of 98%. Out of all control cases using high confidence miRNA, the PCFG used returned folded structures that matched the canonical structures to an accuracy of 81%. The results of this work indicates …

Cellphone Usage And The Risk Of Cancer, Mia Ye

The International Student Science Fair 2018

Introduction: As the use of cell phones have increased immensely in the last two decades, so has public concern regarding cell phone and its relationship to cancer. Cell phones emit radio frequency waves, a type of electromagnetic energy. Theoretically, these radiofrequency waves are considered as a form of non-ionizing radiation, and do not contain enough energy to damage DNA. However, human and animal studies on cell phone use and cancer risk have shown mixed results. The Danish cohort study, one of the largest long-term studies to date, compared everyone in Denmark with cell phone subscriptions between 1982 and 1995, and …

The Effect Of The Oxytocin Hormone In Cocaine Addicted Rats Suffering From Abstinence Syndrome, Juan Padilla

The International Student Science Fair 2018

This study aimed to understand the effects of oxytocin in cocaine-addicted rats to prove its ability to help recovering drug addicts overcome the extreme anxiety and craving that makes them relapse during their rehabilitation.

Application Of Agricultural Waste Biochar For Canteen Wastewater Treatment In Chulalongkorn University, Norakamon Ariyakanon, Chalisa Vikrompanitkul

The International Student Science Fair 2018

The potential use of biochar in canteen wastewater remediation. Biochars were prepared from rice straw, bagasse or coir, produced by slow temperature pyrolysis at 300^oC for 1 h. This study characterized the physical and chemical properties of biochar products related to wastewater treatment. The physical and chemical parameters of wastewater were analyzed before and after treatment with the three different types of biochar. Measured parameters included, pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), oil and grease, total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TKN). The biochar derived from rice straw contained the highest …