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"If The Situation Seemed Insurmountable, I Always Wanted To Be There": Virginia Coffey, A Midwest Human Relations Pioneer, Phillip J. Obermiller, Thomas E. Wagner

Studies in Midwestern History

The devastating 1943 rioting in Detroit led to the formation of municipal human relations committees across the country, and among the oldest of these was the Cincinnati Mayor’s Friendly Relations Committee. Five years after its founding, executive director Marshall Bragdon ensured that the MFRC would continue to be a force for racial equality by hiring Virginia Coffey to be assistant director.

Virginia Coffey would go on to make important contributions to human relations internationally through her consulting work in England and nationally as a board member of the National Association of Intergroup Relations Officials. Coffey was appointed the executive director …

The Effects Of Jungle Justice On Social Reengineering In Nigeria (A Case Study Of Lagos State), Victor Adetoyese Adesiyan, Oguntuyo Christianah

Andrews Research Conference

THE EFFECTS OF JUNGLE JUSTICE ON SOCIAL REENGINEERING IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF LAGOS STATE)

BY:

VICTOR A. ADESIYAN (PhD)

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

BABCOCK UNIVERSITY

ABSTRACT:

Jungle justice has been characterised as one of the social vices that impedes the development of any society. The act of placing law into ones’ hands and not going through the appropriate government agencies for the proper dispensation of justice leads to infringement of other people’s rights which unveils the postulation of jungle justice. It has been observed that in Nigeria, jungle justice prevails; especially in Lagos state, due …

Vol.45 N.43 May 17th 2018, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Perspectives On Sexual Assault And Domestic Violence In Rural Alaskan Communities, Katheryn S. Hayden

Arctic and Northern Studies

Alaska's rate of reported sexual assault is nearly three times the national average, and underreporting may be as high as 70 percent. In rural communities, the rates of both sexual and domestic violence are higher still. Through oral history methodology my research explores how survivors, elders, and professionals view the issues surrounding this violence in remote communities. My findings highlight the interconnectedness of social problems, and the conditions within rural Alaskan communities that hinder reducing these problems. The variables associated with sexual and domestic violence that my respondents highlighted include: alcohol abuse, multigenerational trauma, lack of funding for services, isolation, …

Building Safe Families Through Educating On Adverse Childhood Experiences, Katie E. Dabney

Counseling

There is a strong correlation between families that work with child welfare agencies and the prevalence of maltreatment during childhood. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to poor health outcomes but are much more negatively correlated when 3 or more ACEs have been experienced during a childhood (Hunt, Slack & Berger, 2017; Crouch, Strompolis, Bennett, Morse, & Radcliff, 2017). Teaching parents about the impacts of ACEs and how they may more safely parent, can reduce the recidivism of future maltreatment in at-risk families who work with child welfare agencies. Education can give parents the power and motivation to make …

Decreasing Environmental Health Risks In The Philippines: Implementation Of A Culturally Appropriate Screening Tool, Alyssa Samson

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Objectives: The purpose of this DNP project was to increase the knowledge of environmental health risk factors in the Philippines among nurses and doctors located within that healthcare system. The overall goal was to educate providers on local environmental health risks, provide training for the use of a screening tool (Tagalog Environmental Health and Safety Assessment Tool [TEHSAT]), and provide resources aimed at increasing screening of at risk populations and provide opportunities for education and health promotion.

Methods: This project included a two-part educational training session. The first part included a preliminary presentation on environmental health and the use of …

Circle Peacemaking In Kake, Alaska: A Case Study Of Indigenous Planning And Dispute Systems Design, Polly E. Hylsop

Indigenous Studies

Peacemaking is both a way of life and a process to address wrongdoing in the community. The process, Circle Peacemaking is a restorative practice designed by the community members in Kake, Alaska, a Tlingit community located in the southeast part of the state. Based on local values, ancient laws and traditional knowledge, Circle Peacemaking has been effective in lowering the recidivism rate for wrongdoers in the community and pays close attention to the needs of the victims. This study adds to the growing field of Indigenous Dispute Systems Design derived from the principles and steps used in the practice of …

Disentangling The Relationship Between Social Ties, Prison Visitation, And Recidivism, Cassandra A. Atkin-Plunk, Gaylene Armstrong

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Studies find inmates who receive visits while incarcerated are less likely to recidivate upon release, especially when visits are from spouses and occur frequently throughout incarceration. Absent from these studies is measurement of the quality of an inmate’s relationships prior to incarceration, which may play a more significant role in criminal desistance than visitation itself. Longitudinal data from 205 incarcerated male and female adult offenders were used to test the mediating effects of visitation for offenders with varying levels of preincarceration relationships on recidivism. Findings indicate that quality of an inmate’s preincarceration relationships is more important in reducing the odds …

Leveraging Social Science Expertise In Immigration Policymaking, Ming H. Chen

NULR Online

No abstract provided.

Violence In Prostitution, Serena Maszak

Student Theses

It is estimated that the majority of prostitutes are victims of violence, including rape and homicide. Some research has suggested that the clients of sex workers perpetrate most of these acts of violence. While several qualitative studies have examined specific incidents of violence, the prevalence and causes of violence in prostitution remain largely unaddressed by the existing literature. This study compares attitudes towards sexual violence and prostitution between men who have purchased sexual services and those who have not. Participants were 170 men recruited online, with 35 (20.6%) participants self-identifying as those who had previously purchased sex. Overall, a significant …

Contributor Biographies

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Framing Protesters: Description Bias In The Coverage Of The Malheur National Wildlife Refuge And Charlotte Protests, Mary A. Schiele

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

This article examines the coverage of two protest events, occurring in Harney County, Oregon and Charlotte, North Carolina, for description bias. The two demonstrations occurred in 2016 and had a similar underlying goal to draw the nation’s attention to the pertinent issues they wanted the country to address. Research has shown that media framing does not typically align with protester goals and can detract from the centralized message, especially if conflict is present. This study uses articles published by the New York Times and Wall Street Journal to search for description bias in the coverage of the protest events, which …

Entire Volume

SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Identifying An Epistemology Of Hope Through Researching Woman-To-Woman Rape And Sexual Assault, R Twinley

School of Health Professions

This auto/biographical account details my experience of generating what I would term an “Epistemology of Hope” through researching the traumatic experience of woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault. I focus on the recommendations (i.e., what we would hope to have happen) of myself and my respondents, as an outcome of engaging in my doctoral research. I suggest that woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault victim/survivors must be regarded as the owners and creators of knowledge regarding how best to respond to their needs and to the very reality of woman-to-woman rape and sexual assault.

Rethinking The Ken Through The Lens Of Psychological Science, Jason M. Chin, William E. Crozier

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Canadian courts regularly exclude psychological expert evidence that would explain the factors that produce mistaken eyewitness identifications and false confessions (two significant sources of wrongful convictions). Courts justify these exclusions on the basis that the evidence is not beyond the ken of the trier of fact—the psychologist would simply be describing an experience shared by the judge and jury. In this article, the authors suggest this reasoning rests on two fundamental misunderstandings of psychology: unconscious neglect and dispositionism. In other words, judges mistakenly assume the trier of fact understands the unconscious situational forces that distort memories and cause innocent people …

Victimology: A Canadian Perspective, By Jo-Anne M. Wemmers, Jake Babad

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The Canadian legal community finds itself in the midst of a debate about whether victims of crime deserve greater rights in its justice system. A stunning report, for example, from The Globe and Mail in 2017 that details the high rate of sexual assault reports dismissed by police forces across the country was met with calls for investigators to pursue justice on behalf of victims more forcefully. Parliament, meanwhile, enacted legislation designed to better prepare sexual assault survivors who may face credibility-impeaching evidence on the witness stand. Dubbed “the Ghomeshi law” by legal commentators (as it arrived not long after …

Death In America Under Color Of Law: Our Long, Inglorious Experience With Capital Punishment, Rob Warden, Daniel Lennard

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

No abstract provided.

Legal Innocence And Federal Habeas, Leah Litman

Articles

Although it has long been thought that innocence should matter in federal habeas corpus proceedings, innocence scholarship has focused almost exclusively on claims of factual innocence-the kind of innocence that occurs when new evidence reveals that the defendant did not commit the offense for which he was convicted. The literature has largely overlooked cases where a defendant was convicted or sentenced under a statute that is unconstitutional, or a statute that does not apply to the defendant. The Supreme Court, however, has recently begun to recognize these cases as kinds of innocence and it has grounded its concern for them …

Hotspot Homes: An Analysis Of The Situational/Contextual Factors, Windows Of Opportunity, And Attempted Burglaries On Repeatedly Burglarized Residential Homes, Joshua W. Donnelly

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This research study designed to inform the reader on the phenomenon of repeat burglary victimization as it applies to single residential family homes. This research used Henderson Police Department data to examine the prevalence of repeat victimization, and the situational factors that accompany this phenomenon. The main concept that is being examined in this paper is the time period in which most repeats happen, the analysis will be conducted using a 6-year time frame divided into equal time blocks. Repeat attempted burglaries are also analyzed to identify any similar patterns amongst these crimes. The study is composed of approximately 3,700 …

Boys To Men: Masculinity, Victimization, And Offending, Shon Michael Reed

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Male victims are an underrepresented group within society as research within victimology primarily focuses on female victims and services available typically cater to female populations. This study focuses on male victims and draws attention to the role that victimization may play in criminal offending. Prior research has found that male victims may feel a diminished sense of their own masculinity. While other studies have noted that masculinity plays a role in some men’s decisions to engage in criminal behavior (Messerschmidt, 1993, 2016). It seems logical that these two concepts (masculinity and victimization) would be related. Utilizing self-reported data from 135 …

Federal Criminal Defendants Out Of The Frying Pan And Into The Fire? Brady And The United States Attorney’S Office, Vida B. Johnson

Catholic University Law Review

The Supreme Court decided Brady v. Maryland in an effort to ensure fair trials and fair outcomes. The Brady decision requires prosecutors to disclose exculpatory evidence regarding guilt of the defendant. The Brady rule is meant to ensure innocent defendants are not convicted for crimes they did not commit. This rule should have unanimous support from both prosecution and defense teams, and yet Brady violations continue to occur within prosecutor offices around the country.

No offender highlights the short comings of the current system more so than the United States Attorney’s Office. Since the Brady decision, the USAO has repeated …

Mathematics Academic Achievement Of Students With Emotional And Behavioral Disorders, Sarah Kinney Maddox

Doctor of Education in Teacher Leadership Dissertations

The aim of this secondary data analysis study was to examine the association between certain predictors and student’s mathematics achievement on two tests of the Woodcock Johnson III Academic Knowledge subtests: Applied Problems and Calculations. Results indicated that students with a diagnosis of emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) had academic deficits in mathematics, and these deficits became larger over time. Data pertaining to mathematics academic achievement from the first two waves of the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 (N = 420) were examined. The variables investigated to further explore academic achievement scores were gender, race/ethnicity, student’s school attended prior …

The Concept Of “Unusual Punishments” In Anglo-American Law: The Death Penalty As Arbitrary, Discriminatory, And Cruel And Unusual, John D. Bessler

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

The Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, like the English Bill of Rights before it, safeguards against the infliction of “cruel and unusual punishments.” To better understand the meaning of that provision, this Article explores the concept of “unusual punishments” and its opposite, “usual punishments.” In particular, this Article traces the use of the “usual” and “unusual” punishments terminology in Anglo-American sources to shed new light on the Eighth Amendment’s Cruel and Unusual Punishments Clause. The Article surveys historical references to “usual” and “unusual” punishments in early English and American texts, then analyzes the development of American constitutional law as …

Litigating Trauma As Disability In American Schools, Taylor N. Mullaney

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

No abstract provided.

Policy Considerations And Implications In United States V. Bryant, Jessica Larsen

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

No abstract provided.

Beyond Headlines & Holdings: Exploring Some Less Obvious Ramifications Of The Supreme Court’S 2017 Free-Speech Rulings, Clay Calvert

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

Digging behind the holdings, this Article analyzes less conspicuous, yet highly consequential aspects of the United States Supreme Court’s First Amendment rulings during the opening half of 2017. The four facets of the opinions addressed here—items both within individual cases and cutting across them—hold vast significance for future free-speech battles. Nuances of the justices’ splintering in Matal v. Tam, Packingham v. North Carolina, and Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman are examined, as is the immediate impact of Justice Anthony Kennedy’s Packingham dicta regarding online social networks. Furthermore, Justice Sonia Sotomayor’s solo concurrence in the threats case of Perez …

The Unconstitutionality Of Criminal Jury Selection, Brittany L. Deitch

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

The criminal defendant’s right to a jury trial is enshrined within the U.S. Constitution as a protection for the defendant against arbitrary and harsh convictions and punishments. The jury trial has been praised throughout U.S. history for allowing the community to democratically participate in the criminal justice system and for insulating criminal defendants from government oppression. This Article asks whether the jury selection process is consistent with the defendant-protection justification for the Sixth Amendment right to a trial by jury. Currently, the prosecution and defense share equal control over jury selection. Looking to the literal text of the Sixth Amendment, …

Highway Robbery: Due Process, Equal Protection, And Punishing Poverty With Driver’S License Suspensions, Thomas Capretta

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

No abstract provided.

Perceived Importance Of Substance Use Prevention In Juvenile Justice: A Multi-Level Analysis, Jessica M. Sales, Gail Wasserman, Katherine S. Elkington, Wayne Lehman, Sheena Gardner, Larkin Mcreynolds, Tisha Wiley, Hannah K. Knudsen

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background: Youth under juvenile justice (JJ) supervision are at high-risk of adverse outcomes from substance use, making prevention important. Few studies have examined prevention-related attitudes of JJ employees, yet such attitudes may be important for implementing prevention programs. Attitudes toward prevention may reflect individual characteristics and organizational contexts.

Methods: Mixed effects regression was used to analyze data from 492 employees in 36 sites participating in the Juvenile Justice-Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (JJ-TRIALS) cooperative agreement. JJ employees' perceived importance of substance use prevention was measured. Staff-level variables included attitudes, job type, and demographic characteristics. Site-level …

Intersections Between Gender, Race, And Justice-Involvement: A Mixed Methods Analysis Of Women's Experiences In The Oregon Criminal Justice System, Breanna Lynne Boppre

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Since the 1970s, the rate of female incarceration in the United States skyrocketed, with highest imprisonment rates among Black and Latina women. Nonetheless, few studies examined disparities in female imprisonment and the distinct experiences of women of Color within the justice system. To fill this gap in the literature, this dissertation utilized conflict and intersectional perspectives to assess the differential treatment of women in the Oregon justice system. Using a convergent mixed methods design, this dissertation examined disparities in female imprisonment using state-level prison admissions and population data from 1983-2014 in conjunction with qualitative interview and focus group responses among …