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2018

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A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Hospital Mergers And Patient Experience, Timothy William Attebery Jan 2018

A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Hospital Mergers And Patient Experience, Timothy William Attebery

All ETDs from UAB

Since 2009, the United States has experienced another wave of hospital mergers. Consequently, health systems are getting larger and increasing their market concentration. How patients benefit from hospital consolidation remains an open issue for policy-makers, economists, health care executives, community leaders, politicians, government agencies, and others. One measure of healthcare consolidation’s impact, and its potential benefit/detriment, is how mergers affect patient experience, which, since 2007, has been measured by the standardized HCAHPS instrument. Hundreds of studies conducted over the past 50 years have found mergers trigger an internal, socially-disruptive effect in the first 12 to 24 months following the event …

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Parental Self-Efficacy, Feeding Practices, And Weight Gain During Infancy: A Secondary Analysis, Jessica Bahorski Jan 2018

Parental Self-Efficacy, Feeding Practices, And Weight Gain During Infancy: A Secondary Analysis, Jessica Bahorski

All ETDs from UAB

Mechanisms contributing to childhood obesity begin during early life, including infant feeding practices and an excessive rate of infant growth. Parental decisions regarding their infant contribute to these mechanisms. Parental self-efficacy (PSE) is the belief parents have in their ability to accomplish the tasks of parenting and is associated with infant outcomes. A high sense of PSE, breastfeeding self-efficacy, or self-efficacy for feeding has been found to be associated with healthy infant feeding practices. However, this research is limited in scope and has not been conducted in populations at greatest risk for childhood obesity such as low-income or African-American infants. …

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Psychosocial Job Stress And Oxidative Stress In Emergency Department Nurses, Rupkatha Bardhan Jan 2018

Psychosocial Job Stress And Oxidative Stress In Emergency Department Nurses, Rupkatha Bardhan

All ETDs from UAB

Job stress often causes work-related physical injuries and chronic exposure to such environment may lead to poor health outcomes. Job stress in recent years has grown significantly within the workforce due to performance pressure, long work hours and poor pay structures. Nurses work in the forefront to save patients’ lives. High job demand in this noble profession often leads to progressive decline in physical and mental health. There are existing reports that nurses in the United States (US) suffer from “burnout” syndrome which may also negatively affect patient care. There are very few studies that measured work-related stress in nurses …

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Hippocampal Ca1 Dentation And Its Relationship With Episodic Memory In Healthy Children, Julia Beattie Jan 2018

Hippocampal Ca1 Dentation And Its Relationship With Episodic Memory In Healthy Children, Julia Beattie

All ETDs from UAB

Hippocampal dentation is a morphological feature present on the inferior surface of the human hippocampus, most clearly visible in the sagittal view in structural neuroimaging. This dissertation examines the development of hippocampal dentation during childhood and adolescence, as well as its functional relationship with episodic memory performance. Our previous work in examining hippocampal dentation in healthy adults represented the first systematic description as well as the first indication of functional significance of this feature (i.e., both verbal and visual memory performance). In this new series of studies, two large, NIH-funded databases were utilized to examine this feature in samples of …

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Gender-Specific Facilitators And Barriers To Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: A Mixed Methods Study, Leigh Ann Bray Jan 2018

Gender-Specific Facilitators And Barriers To Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adults With Cystic Fibrosis: A Mixed Methods Study, Leigh Ann Bray

All ETDs from UAB

BACKGROUND: With the life expectancy of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) doubling over the last two decades, it is critical that healthcare providers address both quantity and quality of life. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) encompasses physical, social, psychological, and functional aspects of daily living and how CF impacts each one. Women with CF consistently report having an overall poorer quality of life across international studies, but the cause of the gender difference is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in HRQoL and then build upon those results to better understand gender-specific facilitators and barriers …

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Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull Jan 2018

Investigating Driving Performance In Older Adults: A Continuum Of Mild Cognitive Impairment, Tyler Preston Bull

All ETDs from UAB

Driving is an important instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) that is crucial for mobility and independence of adults in the United States. Dementia and cognitive impairment are indicated as increasing risk for driving impairment and cessation, prompting the necessity for screeners in predicting impaired driving performance. The Trails Making Test (TMT) A and B, and the Useful Field of View (UFOV) are common measures used to predict driving performance across populations of older adults. Prior research has shown that Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), which is theorized as an intermediary between normal aging and dementia, is associated with subtle declines …

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Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess Jan 2018

Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess

All ETDs from UAB

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a degenerative chronic illness that results in pulmonary and gastrointestinal impairment. Because health-related behaviors, such as substance use, impact health outcomes in this population, it is important to understand factors that predict substance use in patients with CF. Thus, this study aimed to examine the unique roles of spirituality and religiosity in alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Higher religiosity was expected to predict lower substance use directly, reflecting a direct regulation of health behavior. Higher spirituality was expected to predict less substance use through lower depression, reflecting an indirect regulation of health behavior through emotion regulation. …

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Examination Of Communication Patterns And Satisfaction Between Systems Of Care Among Parents Of Concussed Youth, Sarah Terry Cable Jan 2018

Examination Of Communication Patterns And Satisfaction Between Systems Of Care Among Parents Of Concussed Youth, Sarah Terry Cable

All ETDs from UAB

When a child or adolescent sustains a concussion, several systems of care become involved (e.g., family, medical, school, sports/recreation). To effectively manage a concussion, all systems of care need to work together to maximize recovery for return-to-play (RTP) and return-to-learn (RTL). Thus, good communication and coordination of care is critical. The objectives of this study were to prospectively examine parent communication patterns (type, frequency, topic, and overall parent satisfaction with communication) with systems of care from the time of their child’s concussion up to 14 weeks past injury. Barriers to communication and parent satisfaction with overall concussion management by each …

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Multimodal Imaging (Fmri Bold Task, Functional Connectivity & Spectroscopy) Longitudinal Analysis Of Antipsychotic Treatment Effects In Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia, Elyse Cadena Jan 2018

Multimodal Imaging (Fmri Bold Task, Functional Connectivity & Spectroscopy) Longitudinal Analysis Of Antipsychotic Treatment Effects In Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia, Elyse Cadena

All ETDs from UAB

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects around 1% of the world’s population. Antipsychotic medication does not effectively treat all symptoms as around 1/3 of those diagnosed will remain unresponsive to treatment. Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) present dysfunction in cognitive control processes compared to healthy controls (HC). Neuroimaging SZ studies report abnormalities in brain function and neurochemistry, although the majority of these studies involve medicated patients. To better determine SZ brain abnormalities, it is vital to characterize brain function without the confounding effect of antipsychotic medication, determine the extent of medication’s effects on brain function, and the relationship with symptom …

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What Is Sexual Orientation?, Mary Ziegler Jan 2018

What Is Sexual Orientation?, Mary Ziegler

Kentucky Law Journal

At a time when the Supreme Court seems closer than ever before to treating sexual orientation as a suspect classification, consideration of the legal definition of sexual orientation is both timely and important. The Court’s 2015 decision in Obergefell recognizes two guideposts for defining sexual orientation: its immutability and normalcy. While other scholars offer rich and nuanced accounts of the fight for gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual rights, they do not fully analyze the history of sexual orientation as a legal category. This Article closes that gap, illuminating the hidden costs of the definition of sexual orientation that Obergefell endorses. …

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Vacating Adult Adoptions Post-Obergefell, Sarah A. Quarles Jan 2018

Vacating Adult Adoptions Post-Obergefell, Sarah A. Quarles

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The 2015 University Of Missouri Protests And Their Lessons For Higher Education Policy And Administration, Ben Trachtenberg Jan 2018

The 2015 University Of Missouri Protests And Their Lessons For Higher Education Policy And Administration, Ben Trachtenberg

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Regulating Evolution: Smart Policy For The 21st Century, Brittany Warford Jan 2018

Regulating Evolution: Smart Policy For The 21st Century, Brittany Warford

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Fracking Coal Country: How Local Governments And The State Can Make A Positive Impact On Rural Appalachia's Future Within The Energy Industry, Shannon L. Rutherford Jan 2018

Fracking Coal Country: How Local Governments And The State Can Make A Positive Impact On Rural Appalachia's Future Within The Energy Industry, Shannon L. Rutherford

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Relationship Between Parenting Styles, Parenting Behaviors, And Children's Socioemotional Development: A Longitudinal Study, Shannon Michelle Oram Wittig Jan 2018

Relationship Between Parenting Styles, Parenting Behaviors, And Children's Socioemotional Development: A Longitudinal Study, Shannon Michelle Oram Wittig

All ETDs from UAB

The relationships between self-reported parenting styles and observed parenting behaviors with socioemotional behaviors in infants (temperament) and toddlers (behavior problems) were investigated in a longitudinal, cross-lagged design. Both mothers and fathers participated in a prospective longitudinal study, beginning prenatally followed by re-assessments when children were 6 months and 18 months of age. Parents provided self-reports of their parenting styles at all three time points; in the last two time points, parents engaged in an observed structured parent-child interaction and reported on their children’s temperament at 6 months and behavior problems at 18 months. Results suggest that parenting styles remain stable …

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Cigarette Smoking Among Hiv-Positive Patients In Routine Clinical Care, Cosmas Mudenda Zyambo Jan 2018

Cigarette Smoking Among Hiv-Positive Patients In Routine Clinical Care, Cosmas Mudenda Zyambo

All ETDs from UAB

People living with HIV (PLWH) are two to three times more likely to be current smokers, less likely to quit smoking and more likely to relapse than those in the general population. Although smoking status, prescription of smoking cessation medications (SCMs), smoking cessation and relapse has been explored in this population, few have investigated using a large sample of PLWH receiving routine HIV care. Using data from a large observational cohort of PLWH receiving routine care in Birmingham, we determined: 1) Factors associated with smoking status; 2) Factors associated with prescription of SCMs; 3) Predictors of smoking cessation and; 4) …

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Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi Jan 2018

Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi

All ETDs from UAB

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability characterized by impairments in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Children with autism may also have associated symptoms; one of the most prevalent being sleep disorders, with estimated prevalence rates ranging from 40 to 80% (Goldman, McGrew, Johnson, Richdale, Clemons, & Malow, 2011). Measuring sleep disturbances in this population can be particularly challenging due to the symptoms of the disorder, including impairments in communication. Therefore, research in this field regularly relies on parent-report data to measure sleep disturbances in children with ASD. …

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Discovering The Needs Of Parents: A Look Into Parenting Needs In A Southeastern Suburb, Sarah Elizabeth Cole Jan 2018

Discovering The Needs Of Parents: A Look Into Parenting Needs In A Southeastern Suburb, Sarah Elizabeth Cole

All ETDs from UAB

Parental self-efficacy (PSE) and parental discipline practices greatly determine the parent-child relationship and the effects of child anti-social behaviors. This research provides a look into parenting practices within a Southeastern school district implementing a Comprehensive Integrated Three-Tier Model of Support (Ci3T). Data from this research shows that parental self-efficacy does correlate with the level of student support services (IEP, 504 Plan, tiered interventions, and gifted programs) a child is enrolled in. Although this research proves to be significant to this population, future research would benefit from expanding the study population to include parents who are fathers, those with a lower …

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Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy To Improve Gait And Mobility Of People With Chronic Stroke: A Mixed Methods Study, Sarah Monteiro Dos Anjos Jan 2018

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy To Improve Gait And Mobility Of People With Chronic Stroke: A Mixed Methods Study, Sarah Monteiro Dos Anjos

All ETDs from UAB

Walking impairment after stroke impacts on participation and quality of life. Different techniques have been developed in the last decades to overcome walking difficulties after stroke, however, few have been shown to be efficacious. Constraint-induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is a family of techniques that has been reported as one the most effective intervention for improving functional use and motor skills of a more-affected upper extremity (UE). The intervention protocol includes: 1) intensive supervised training; 2) use of shaping as a strategy for the motor training, 3) a group of behavioral strategies called the transfer package, and 4) procedures to increase …

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The Influence Of Perceived Stress And Sleep Disturbance On Fatigue And Blood Pressure As Mediated By Cortisol In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Heather Carol Soistmann Jan 2018

The Influence Of Perceived Stress And Sleep Disturbance On Fatigue And Blood Pressure As Mediated By Cortisol In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Heather Carol Soistmann

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Introduction: Life expectancy is improving for those with sickle cell disease (SCD); however, with this improvement come increasing risks for long-term health complications. Early identification of health concerns could lead to improved long-term health outcomes. Two health concerns in school-age children with SCD are fatigue and blood pressure (BP). Previous research with other populations indicates perceived stress and sleep disturbance may influence outcomes of fatigue and BP. Further, cortisol, a stress hormone, may mediate the proposed relationships. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine effect sizes of relationships between fatigue, BP, perceived stress, and sleep disturbance in …

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Establishing Control: An Investigation Into An Alternate Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs) Control Condition As A Replacement For Traditional Sham, Carl Edward Stevens Jan 2018

Establishing Control: An Investigation Into An Alternate Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Tdcs) Control Condition As A Replacement For Traditional Sham, Carl Edward Stevens

All ETDs from UAB

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technique with promise to improve numerous diseases, but results are inconsistent. A strong candidate explanation for conflicting evidence is that imbalances in expectation effects arise because participants frequently discern full-session current in “real” tDCS from mostly absent current in “fake” tDCS (sham, or control) conditions. Therefore, we conducted a study to test a better control procedure. The real tDCS condition targeted dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with a right-anode/left-cathode montage expected to suppress food craving and eating. The control targeted sensorimotor cortex with a left-anode/right-cathode montage. Twenty-eight adults with overweight or obesity body …

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Reaching Consensus On Global Health Nursing Competencies For Baccalaureate Nursing Education In The United States: A Delphi Method Study, Herica Maria Torres-Alzate Jan 2018

Reaching Consensus On Global Health Nursing Competencies For Baccalaureate Nursing Education In The United States: A Delphi Method Study, Herica Maria Torres-Alzate

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this study was to reach consensus among experts on global health competencies for baccalaureate nursing students in the United States. A Nursing Global Health Competencies Framework (NGHCF) was created to guide identification of the domains and competencies for BSN nursing education. A three-round modified Delphi study intersected with a mixed methods research approach to reach consensus from experts in global health on essential global health competencies in nursing. The first phase revised the original list of competencies based on: (a) qualitative responses to the surveys conducted by Wilson et al. (2012), Ventura et al. (2014), and Warren …

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Novel Insights Into Neurofibromin Function And Human Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Mutations Using Genetically Engineered Mouse Models, Ashley Nicole Turner Jan 2018

Novel Insights Into Neurofibromin Function And Human Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Mutations Using Genetically Engineered Mouse Models, Ashley Nicole Turner

All ETDs from UAB

Loss of NF1 in different developmental and cellular contexts leads to unique physiological outcomes due to loss of neurofibromin function, including embryonic lethality, sporadic cancers, and the genetic disorder NF1. Neurofibromin acts as a tumor suppressor by modulation of RAS signaling, with other functions of this multi-domain protein being less clear. Even within the monogenic disorder of NF1, the clinical heterogeneity and mutational spectrum are immense, revealing the complexity underlying this disorder. There is a huge urgency and need for NF1 therapeutic treatments, and the same urgency to develop in vivo models to better understand NF1 that can be utilized …

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Clinical And Histomorphometric Outcomes Following The Use Of Small Versus Large Particle Sized Bone Allografts In Ridge Preservation Procedures: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Gentiane Valiquette Jan 2018

Clinical And Histomorphometric Outcomes Following The Use Of Small Versus Large Particle Sized Bone Allografts In Ridge Preservation Procedures: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Gentiane Valiquette

All ETDs from UAB

Alveolar ridge preservation at the time of tooth extraction is a commonly performed procedure as it significantly minimizes ridge resorption and allows for more optimal implant placement. The amount of new vital bone has been shown to vary with the use of different types of bone replacement grafts, however, the effect of bone graft particle size on the outcomes following ridge preservation has not been elucidated in the scientific literature. The present randomized clinical trial compared clinically, radiographically and histomorphometrically the use of small- (0.25-1.0mm) versus large- (1.0- 2.0mm) sized particle mineralized cortico-cancellous bone freeze-dried bone allografts (FDBAs) in ridge …

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Assessing Barriers And Facilitators To Appropriate Care For Chronic Pain And Prescription Opioid Abuse, Allyson Varley Jan 2018

Assessing Barriers And Facilitators To Appropriate Care For Chronic Pain And Prescription Opioid Abuse, Allyson Varley

All ETDs from UAB

The objective of this study was to understand and assess barriers and facilitators to the uptake of appropriate care for co-occurring chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) and opioid use disorder. Rates of CNCP and opioid overdose have doubled in the past decade. When a patient transitions from appropriate use to misuse, significant changes must be made to their treatment plan. Considering most CNCP is treated with opioids in the primary care setting, primary care providers (PCPs) are potential change agents to remediate the epidemic of opioid abuse. Although studies have explored opioid stewardship, we still lack an understanding of the factors …

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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Breast Cancer Survivors, Jacqueline B. Vo Jan 2018

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Breast Cancer Survivors, Jacqueline B. Vo

All ETDs from UAB

Background: There are nearly 3.5 million breast cancer survivors in the U.S., and approximately 10% are diagnosed prior to age 45 and considered “young.” The overall five-year survival rate for breast cancer survivors is approaching 90%. Living longer, many breast cancer survivors are at risk for developing cardiovascular disease due to cancer treatment, such as anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. This study’s purpose was to examine cardiovascular disease risk, measured using excess heart age, among young breast cancer survivors. Methods: A retrospective, two-year longitudinal design was used to review electronic medical records of breast cancer survivors diagnosed between 30 and 44 years …

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Assessment Of A Peer Mentoring Program At Lawson State Community College, Teneasha Washington Jan 2018

Assessment Of A Peer Mentoring Program At Lawson State Community College, Teneasha Washington

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Colleges and universities have begun implementing mentoring programs to offset rising attrition rates; however, the literature on the benefits of these programs is limited particularly among community colleges with peer mentoring programs serving minority students. Further limiting our understanding of post-secondary peer mentoring programs is the lack of research on mentor’s as well as mentee’s perspectives on the mentoring experience. As mentors and mentees serve in a variety of capacities within the mentoring program, it is often difficult to identify outcomes that can be assessed within the mentoring program. Although the success of peer mentoring programs is directly affected …

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Factors Assocaited With Sedentary Lifestyle In Women Participants In Calm (Counseling And Lifestyle Management) Study, Amber Watts Jan 2018

Factors Assocaited With Sedentary Lifestyle In Women Participants In Calm (Counseling And Lifestyle Management) Study, Amber Watts

All ETDs from UAB

Significant evidence has identified the importance of physical activity to the overall health and reduction in disease among humans. The World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented physical activity recommendations as guidelines to increase physical activity among the world population. However, evidence continues to show high levels of self-reported physical inactivity and growing prevalence of related chronic diseases (i.e. type 2 diabetes, stroke, and obesity), particularly among women. To increase participants߀™ knowledge of the benefits of physical activity and reduction of barriers continues to be focal point of interventions. However, studies indicate including more social, theory and cognitive aspects to these …

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Therapeutic Jurisprudence And Environmental Law – One Missing Link, Michael L. Perlin Jan 2018

Therapeutic Jurisprudence And Environmental Law – One Missing Link, Michael L. Perlin

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

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Wisconsin Must Cover Employee Transition Costs, Arthur S. Leonard Jan 2018

Wisconsin Must Cover Employee Transition Costs, Arthur S. Leonard

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

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