Digital Commons Network^™

Impact Of Green Tea For Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Prevention In A Multigenerational Murine Model Incorporating The Total Western Diet., Sumira Phatak

Student Research Symposium

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of US cancer death, yet Americans routinely consume highly processed foods that are energy-dense and nutrient-poor, contributing to chronic inflammation. Other foods are known to contain bioactive molecules that protect against cancer by virtue of antioxidant properties. Over 27,000 research articles are published on green tea, a popular beverage, second worldwide only to water. Previous work has shown that green tea polyphenols decrease body fat composition, reverse insulin resistance, reduce cardiovascular disease risk, protect against pathogenic bacteria, improve brain function, increase lifespan, and suppress inflammatory processes that contribute to carcinogenesis. The objective …

Impact Of Basal Diet On Obesity Phenotype Of Host Mice Following Fecal Transfer From Obese Or Lean Human Donors, Daphne Rodriguez

Student Research Symposium

The composition of the human gut microbiome can be affected by environmental factors, such as a poor diet. A Western dietary pattern is associated with dysbiosis and adverse health outcomes, including obesity and metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of gut microbiota from lean or obese human donors on development of metabolic syndrome and weight gain in recipient mice fed one of three basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which promotes rodent health; 2) the total Western diet (TWD), which promotes inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis; and 3) a 45% high fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) …

The Application Of The Peleg Model In Order To Obtain Completely Soluble Materials For Food Product Packaging, Roxana Puscaselu (Gheorghita), Sonia Amariei

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The aim of this study was to create a completely hydrosoluble edible films based on biopolymers that can be used as packaging material for powdered foods.10 edible films were obtained from various mixtures of hydrocolloids (agar, starch, sodium alginate) plasticized with glycerol and water. To assess their solubility, it was used the Peleg model which confirmed that increasing the temperature of the hydration medium, increases the water absorption rate. The sample obtained from agar and starch was less hydrophilic than sample with a high amount of sodium alginate, which was completely soluble after 3 minutes maintenance in 20° water. To …

The Activity Of Saccharolytic Enzymes In Collembola Is Associated With Species Affinity For Caves, Andrea Parimuchová, Vladimír Šustr, Miloslav Devetter, Ondřej Vošta, Ionuţ Popa, Ľubomír Kováč

International Journal of Speleology

The activity of enzymes associated with digestion can reflect food availability and feeding preferences of invertebrates in a particular habitat. Caves are mostly nutrient-poor habitats lacking primary production. In the present study the enzymatic activity of cellulases, trehalases and chitinases was measured in eight collembolan species differently associated with the cave environment: the troglobionts (obligate cave species) Pseudacherontides spelaeus and Protaphorura janosik; the eutroglophiles Ceratophysella denticulata, Folsomia candida and Heteromurus nitidus; the subtroglophiles Hypogastrura aequepilosa and Orthonychiurus rectopapillatus; and the trogloxene (not associated with caves) Megaphorura arctica. Qualitative enzymatic patterns and quantitative differences in species activity were …

Effect Of Wood Chips As A Component Of Soilless Media On Growth And Nutrition Of Food And Ornamental Crops, Kristen Bullough

Student Research Symposium

Peat is the central component of the soil-less media mix that is used in all greenhouse crop production but it is harvested in Canada and shipped to greenhouses across North America. Wood chips provide a local, low-cost alternative to peat, but observations by growers indicate potential growth reductions from the addition of wood to peat-based media. Here I report the effects of the addition of wood chips to peat-based media. The study included four treatments: two standard controls (peat/vermiculite: 50/50 and 75/25) and two treatments with wood chips (peat/wood chips: 50/50 and 75/25). Each media treatment included three species (sunflowers, …

Dear Senator: Young Citizens Explore Civics Through Literacy, Daryl Saunders, Ilene Berson, Michael Berson

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

This article reviews the components of an integration model for infusing literacy and social studies and provides an example of a civics lesson implemented with first grade students. The gradual release model and research-informed literacy practices are embedded in the delivery of instruction. Throughout the learning experience students use informational texts to develop social studies vocabulary, explore civics concepts, and engage in discussion focused on the content in the text. Students acquire skills in supporting their conclusions with information drawn from a variety books and represent the knowledge they have gained through writing activities. This developmental approach harnesses evidence-based strategies …

Restoring Underutilized Native American Food Crops Navajo Spinach, Cleome Serrulata & Native Peach, Reagan Wytsalucy

Student Research Symposium

Native American populations in the Four Corners area have largely lost their connection to agriculture and face serious health challenges due to poor diet and limited availability of nutritious fruits and vegetables. With the need to address pressing nutritional concerns for Native American's in the Southwest, this study looks into assessing the germination response of Navajo Spinach, Cleome serrulata, to temperature, scarification requirements, and evaluating approved seed treatments to enhance germination to warrant local production in the Southwest. Historical practices for cultivating and preserving C. serrulata have been documented and outreach products relevant for targeted audiences at Chapter Houses, high …

Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy And Related Outcomes, Kelsey Girardelli

Student Research Symposium

Recent scientific literature is uncovering important associations between vitamin D during pregnancy and related outcomes for maternal health, fetal health and early childhood development. Many studies have shown that large portions of the population are vitamin D deficient, especially in northern latitudes where there is a relative lack of sunlight. This problem is exacerbated when analyzing communities where dark-skinned immigrants have migrated to more northern latitudes (Datta, et al., 2002).This is because increased levels of melanin pigment in the skin make it much more difficult for people of darker skin tones to absorb the necessary UVB light to produce sufficient …

Amphibian Oviposition Site Selection Preferences In Response To Leaf Litter Chemical Characteristics, Rebekah Magee, Julia E. Earl

ANS Research Symposium

Rebekah Magee and Julia E. Earl are a part of the School of Biological Sciences at Louisiana Tech University

Early Childhood Educators' Self-Reported Food Insecurity Impact On Observed Classroom Food Environment, Peyton M. Percle, Emily A. Byley, Julie M. Rutledge, Taren M. Swindle

ANS Research Symposium

Peyton M. Percle is a research associate at the ENRICH Center, in the College of Applied and Natural Sciences at Louisiana Tech University. Emily A. Byley is a graduate student in the College of Education at Louisiana Tech University. Julie M. Rutledge is an Associate Professor in the School of Human Ecology, and the Director of ENRICH Center in the College of Applied and Natural Sciences, at Louisiana Tech University. Taren M. Swindle is an Assistant Professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences.

The abstract for their presentation Early Childhood Educators' Self-Reported Food Insecurity Impact on Observed Classroom …

Persistent Annual Migration Patterns Of A Specialist Seabird, Rachael Orben, Nobuo Kokubun, Abram Fleishman, Alexis Will, Takashi Yamamoto, Scott Shaffer, Rosana Paredes, Akinori Takahashi, Alexander Kitaysky

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Specialization can make animals vulnerable to rapid environmental changes. For long-lived seabirds, foraging specialization may make individuals especially sensitive, as climatic changes are currently occurring over the course of one lifetime. The Bering Sea is a dynamic subarctic and arctic ecosystem where windblown sea ice mediates annual productivity and subsequent pathways to upper trophic levels. Red-legged kittiwakes Rissa brevirostris are endemic surface foraging seabirds specializing on myctophid fishes during reproduction. Their degree of specialization outside the breeding season is less understood. We examined their non-breeding ecology (migration, distribution, isotopic niche) during 4 winters with varying sea ice extent. Although we …

Botanical Experts Gather In Oxford For International Conference, Whitney Tarpy

University of Mississippi News

UM School of Pharmacy and NCNPR welcome 280 conference attendees

Antibiotic Resistance Regulated By Two-Component Regulatory System In Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Lu Li

Doctoral Dissertations

In this study, we report two previously unidentified mechanisms that governs β-lactam

and antimicrobial peptide resistance.

In Gram-negative bacteria, production of β-lactamases is often induced in response to

the antibiotic- associated damage to the cell wall. Here, we have identified a previously

unidentified mechanism that governs β-lactamase production. In the Gram-negative

enteric pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus, we found a histidine kinase/response

regulator pair (VbrK/VbrR) that controls expression of a β-lactamase. Mutants lacking

either VbrK or VbrR do not produce the β-lactamase and are no longer resistant to β-

lactam antibiotics. Notably, VbrK autophosphorylation is activated by β-lactam

antibiotics, but not by …

Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kacang Koro (Canavalia Ensiformis) Menggunakan Uji 1,1-Difenil 1,2-Dipikrilhidrazil (Dpph), Tantan Widiantara, Yusman Taufik, Yudi Garnida, Dwi Yulianti

Chimica et Natura Acta

Radikal bebas merupakan suatu atom atau molekul yang mempunyai elektron tidak berpasangan. Radikal bebas akan terus terbentuk di dalam tubuh sehingga tubuh membutuhkan senyawa penting yang disebut dengan antioksidan. Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang dapat meredam efek negatif dari oksidan, termasuk dalam penghambatan dan penghentian kerusakan oksidatif terhadap molekul target. Salah satu tanaman  yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan adalah Canavalia ensiformis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari karakteristik aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak C. ensiformis dengan pelarut yang berbeda menggunakan metode DPPH. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan merendam C. ensiformis menggunakan metanol kemudian dilakukan evaporasi pada suhu 40°C, dipartisi dengan n-heksana, etil asetat …

Exploring The Use Of 3d Scanning To Determine Whole-Body Volume While Wearing A Triathlon Wetsuit, Leland Barker, Diego Medoza, John A. Mercer

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Background: Commercial 3 Dimension (3D) scanners are relatively new to anthropometry. The purpose of this study was to explore ability of using a 3D imaging instrument to measure body volume with and without wearing a wetsuit. Three experiments were conducted to achieve this purpose: (1) to determine if the 3D imaging instrument could accurately measure volume of static objects; (2) to determine the resolution of accuracy of measuring volume of static objects; and (3) to compare whole-body volume of wearing a wetsuit using 3D imaging as well as another body volume measure (air displacement technique). Methods: Three experiments were performed: …

Phenological Mismatch In Coastal Western Alaska May Increase Summer Season Greenhouse Gas Uptake, Katharine C. Kelsey, A. Joshua Leffler, Karen H. Beard, Ryan T. Choi, Joel A. Schmutz, Jeffery M. Welker

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

High latitude ecosystems are prone to phenological mismatches due to climate change- driven advances in the growing season and changing arrival times of migratory herbivores. These changes have the potential to alter biogeochemical cycling and contribute to feedbacks on climate change by altering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) through large regions of the Arctic. Yet the effects of phenological mismatches on gas fluxes are currently unexplored. We used a three-year field experiment that altered the start of the growing season and timing of grazing to …

Review Of "Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human", Jennifer Rehg

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

No abstract provided.

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Improves Relative Mean Power During Multiple Sprint Performance, Garet W. Simpson, Robert C. Pritchett, Eric O'Neal, Garrett Hoskins, Kelly Pritchett

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(6): 754-763, 2018. Multiple investigations have confirmed carbohydrate mouth rinse (CMR) enhances high intensity endurance performance lasting under 1 hour, but the effects of CMR on high intensity intermittent exercise has received less attention. This study examined the effect of CMR on high intensity multiple sprint performances in a protocol designed to emulate a cyclocross or mountain biking event. Seven trained men (28.2 ± 6.8 years, 185 ± 9 cm, 85.3 ± 14.8 kg, VO₂peak 51.4 ± 7.3 ml/kg*min-1) completed two, 48 min high intensity intermittent cycling protocols that consisted of 6 bouts …

The Anchor, Volume 131.21: April 11, 2018, Hope College

The Anchor: 2018

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

Student Movement - Issue 19, Andrews University

Student Movement v. 102 (2017-2018)

No abstract provided.

Nutrition Therapy Guidelines Will Help People Living With Hiv Stay Healthy, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Macrophage-Derived Il-1Β/Nf-Κb Signaling Mediates Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Cholestasis., Karim C El Kasmi, Padade M Vue, Aimee L Anderson, Michael W Devereaux, Swati Ghosh, Natarajan Balasubramaniyan, Sophie A Fillon, Carola Dahrenmoeller, Ayed Allawzi, Crystal Woods, Sarah Mckenna, Clyde J Wright, Linda Johnson, Angelo D'Alessandro, Julie A Reisz, Eva Nozik-Grayck, Frederick J Suchy, Ronald J Sokol

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

In infants intolerant of enteral feeding because of intestinal disease, parenteral nutrition may be associated with cholestasis, which can progress to end-stage liver disease. Here we show the function of hepatic macrophages and phytosterols in parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) pathogenesis using a mouse model that recapitulates the human pathophysiology and combines intestinal injury with parenteral nutrition. We combine genetic, molecular, and pharmacological approaches to identify an essential function of hepatic macrophages and IL-1β in PNAC. Pharmacological antagonism of IL-1 signaling or genetic deficiency in CCR2, caspase-1 and caspase-11, or IL-1 receptor (which binds both IL-1α and IL-1β) prevents PNAC in …

Examining Dosage: Comparisons Of A High-Quality Program's Impact On Vocabulary And Social-Emotional Characteristics Between One- And Two-Year Cohorts., J. Joshua Byrd

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This study investigated the effects of high-quality early childhood program dosage by measuring its associations with low-income children’s vocabulary and social-emotional characteristics. The current study also examined the different patterns of annual change between monolingual English-speaking children and Spanish-speaking English Language Learners (ELLs) in two dimensions of language development. The purpose of this study was to explore program impact at two levels of dosage per measure, Group 1 (single year of program) and Group 2 (two or more years of program). Results revealed significant increases in fall-to-spring PPVT-IV scores for English-speaking children in Group 2, significant decreases in Spanish PLS-5 …

Um Departments Help Quitman County Schools Host Career And Health Fair, Sarah Sapp

University of Mississippi News

Students and faculty provide health assessments for Marks community

Salvation Of Landscape: Landscape Remediation Of Desertification In China, Chenliang Ma

LSU Master's Theses

The evolution of human civilization has been accompanied by the replacement of the Earth’s natural landforms. The cities, oases and grasslands from 1000 years ago may have now been transformed into desert. Now, desertification has become a global environmental problem. Many regions and countries are facing development constraints and environmental challenges posed by desertification. Arid and semi-arid areas are extremely prone to land degradation leading to desertification. China faces the threat of a quarter of its land being degraded. Desertification is one of the most serious outcomes of land degradation. Ironically, the part of China with the most serious desertification …

Vaccine Refusal Dilemmas, Yessica Garcia

Honors Theses

The topic of the thesis is vaccine refusal dilemmas. The focus is on the current issue of the decreasing immunization rates in children. Children are a vulnerable population and rely on their parents to make healthcare decisions for them. This thesis will address the parents’ standpoint on immunizations, the providers’ standpoint on the situation, and the sources of vaccination information available, then determine vaccine refusal dilemmas that may result. The main population of focus will be pediatric patients including their families and their providers. Dilemmas associated with vaccine refusal and/or hesitancy will include present and existing issues as well as …

Walking In Many Worlds: Fouad Leads Mhrc's Reach Programs Onward And Upward, Laura Coulter

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

A Global Dilemma: Health Inequities In The United States And Around The World, Brooke Huhn

Furman Engaged!

No abstract provided.

Fed Up With The Personal Responsibility Of Obesity: A Pentadic Analysis Of Fed Up, Rebekah Peterson

SCOM Undergraduate Research Conference

This paper uses Kenneth Burke’s pentadic criticism to examine the reality Fed Up, a documentary about obesity in the United States, wants its audience to accept about the obesity epidemic and why. The first half of the documentary frames the obesity epidemic as scene-act in order to change the audience’s reality of the issue because the obesity epidemic has been framed in society as agent-act, portraying obesity as the individual’s fault. The second half shifts to an agent-scene ratio to answer why Fed Up attempts to change the audience’s reality. The implications of the pentadic ratios and shift are discussed …

2018 Abstract Booklet, Undergraduate Research Center, Minnesota State University, Mankato

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Complete Schedule of Events for the 20th Annual Undergraduate Research Symposium at Minnesota State University, Mankato.