Digital Commons Network^™

Proper Care And Management Of Common Health Concerns With 4-H Hogs, Karah Nay, Dennis Worwood, Kerry A. Rood

All Current Publications

The purpose of this fact sheet is to give youth and their parents a basic guide of what signs and symptoms to watch for to prevent illness or death. It includes instructions on how to take vitals, how to assist the veterinarian when called, the compiling of materials for a first aid kit, proper antibiotic administration, vaccinations, and preventive practices that the youth can implement while caring for their animal.

Building A Bridge Between Genetics And Outcomes Research: Application In Autism (The Autgo Study)., Zohreh Talebizadeh, Ayten Shah, Pcori Eain-2419 Working Group

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Concerns over the need to improve translational aspects of genetics research studies and engaging community members in the research process have been noted in the literature and raised by patient advocates. In addition to the work done by patient advocacy groups, organizations such as the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute advocate for a change in the culture of research from being researcher-driven to becoming more patient-driven.

OBJECTIVE: Our project, Autism Genetics and Outcomes (AutGO), consists of two phases. The goal for phase I was to initiate a general discussion around the main topic (i.e., linking genetics and outcomes research). We …

Bringing Packed Red Blood Cells To The Point Of Combat Injury: Are We There Yet?, Aytekin Unlu, Soner Yilmaz, Ozlem Yalcin, Metin Uyanik, Patrizio Petrone, Riza Aytac Cetinkaya, Ali Cenk Aksu

NYMC Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of injury related pre-hospital mortality. We investigated worst case scenarios and possible requirements of Turkish Military. As we plan to use blood resources during casualty transport, the impact of transport related mechanical stress on PRBC (packed red blood cell) were analyzed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The in vitro experiment was performed in the environmental test laboratories of ASELSAN(R). Operational vibrations of potential casualty transport mediums such as Sikorsky Helicopters, Kirpi(R) Armoured Vehicle and NATO vibration standardsoftware MIL-STD-810G were recorded. The most powerful mechanical stress, which was created by the NATO standard, was applied to 15 …

Traf3ip2 Mediates Tweak/Tweakr-Induced Pro-Fibrotic Responses In Cultured Cardiac Fibroblasts And The Heart, Nitin A. Das, Andrea J. Carpenter, Tadashi Yoshida, Senthil A. Kumar, Sandeep Gautam, Ricardo Mostany, Reza Izadpanah, Ashok Kumar, Srinivas Mummidi, Ulrich Siebenlist, Bysani Chandrasekar

School of Medicine Publications

Persistent inflammation promotes development and progression of heart failure (HF). TWEAK (TNF-Related WEAK Inducer Of Apoptosis), a NF-κB- and/or AP-1-responsive proinflammatory cytokine that signals via TWEAK receptor (TWEAKR), is expressed at high levels in human and preclinical models of HF. Since the adapter molecule TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2) is an upstream regulator of various proinflammatory pathways, including those activated by NF-κB and AP-1, we hypothesized that targeting TRAF3IP2 inhibits TWEAK-induced proinflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with the hypothesis, forced expression of TRAF3IP2 upregulated TWEAK and its receptor expression in cultured adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts …

Investigation Of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction And Related Microbiota, Fungal, And Intestinal Alterations In A Rat Model And Humans With Spinal Cord Injury, Elisabeth Sarah Jeffrey

Open Access Theses

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition that can result in a spectrum of neurological impairments and physical disabilities. There is an average of 11-12,000 new injuries per year in the US alone, and no cure for either the paralysis, or other secondary effects. Although there have been significant strides made in the research of the pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), there is still limited knowledge on the consequences of SCI in remote organs. SCI produces significant effects on the entire body including the gastrointestinal tract. Individuals with SCI often experience severe, debilitating bowel dysfunction in addition …

Use Of Favipiravir To Treat Lassa Virus Infection In Macaques, Kyle Rosenke, Heinz Feldmann, Jonna B. Westover, Patrick William Hanley, Cynthia Martellaro, Friederike Feldmann, Greg Saturday, Jamie Lovaglio, Dana P. Scott, Yousuke Furuta, Takashi Komeno, Brian B. Gowen, David Safronetz

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Lassa virus, the cause of Lassa fever in humans, is endemic to West Africa. Treatment of Lassa fever is primarily supportive, although ribavirin has shown limited efficacy if administered early during infection. We tested favipiravir in Lassa virus–viremic macaques and found that 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks successfully treated infection.

A Novel Fas-Binding Outer Membrane Protein And Lipopolysaccharide Of Leptospira Interrogans Induce Macrophage Apoptosis Through The Fas/Fasl-Caspase-8/-3 Pathway., Peng Du, Shi-Jun Li, David M. Ojcius, Kai-Xuan Li, Wei-Lin Hu, Xu'ai Lin, Ai-Hua Sun, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Leptospira interrogans is the major causative agent of leptospirosis, an emerging, globally spreading zoonotic infectious disease. The pathogen induces macrophage apoptosis, but the molecular basis and mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, we found that L. interrogans caused apoptosis of phagocytosis-inhibited macrophages, and the product of the L. interrogans LB047 gene (Lep-OMP047) was the unique protein captured by mouse and human Fas proteins. The recombinant expressed Lep-OMP047 (rLep-OMP047) strongly bound mouse and human Fas proteins with equilibrium association constant (K

Serum Glutamine And Hospital-Acquired Infections After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Neeraj Badjatia, Serge Cremers, Jan Claassen, E S. Connolly, Stephan A. Mayer, Wahida Karmally, David Seres

Neurology Articles

OBJECTIVE: To understand nutritional and inflammatory factors contributing to serum glutamine levels and their relationship to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

METHODS: A prospective observational study of patients with SAH who had measurements of daily caloric intake and C-reactive protein, transthyretin, tumor necrosis factor α receptor 1a (TNFαR1a), glutamine, and nitrogen balance performed within 4 preset time periods during the 14 days after SAH. Factors associated with glutamine levels and HAIs were analyzed with multivariable regression. HAIs were tracked daily for time-to-event analyses. Outcome 3 months after SAH was assessed by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status …

Training Program To Support Preparedness Of Elderly Health Care Services, Vita Priantina Dewi, Raden Irawati Ismail, Mf Lindhawati Kusdhany

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

The number of elderly people in Indonesia is estimated to reach 29 million in 2020. The ageing process is usually followed by poor health which has been associated with risk of severe cognitive impairment. However, there is a limited training on older people’s health and cognitive impairment. Thus, programmes emphasise on trainings for health cadres, health workers and physicians are encouraged to improve older persons’ health. Additionally, health conditions of older persons have a relationship with cognitive impairment. There was 39% (thirty nine percent) of the elderly who experienced cognitive impairment in several cities and villages in Indonesia. Therefore, this …

Skin Glands Of An Aquatic Salamander Vary In Size And Distribution And Release Antimicrobial Secretions Effective Against Chytrid Fungal Pathogens, Kenzie E. Pereira, Brian I. Crother, David M. Sever, Clifford L. Fontenot, John A. Pojman, Damien B. Wilburn, Sarah K. Woodley

Faculty Publications

© 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. Amphibian skin is unique among vertebrate classes, containing a large number of multicellular exocrine glands that vary among species and have diverse functions. The secretions of skin glands contain a rich array of bioactive compounds including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Such compounds are important for amphibian innate immune responses and may protect some species from chytridiomycosis, a lethal skin disease caused by the fungal pathogens Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal). While the bioactivity of skin secretions against Bd has been assessed for many amphibian taxa, similar studies are lacking for …

Design, Development And Construct Validation Of The Children’S Dietary Inflammatory Index, Samira Khan, Micheal D. Wirth, Andrew Ortaglia, Christian R. Alvarado, Nitin Shivappa, Thomas Hurley, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Objective: To design and validate a literature-derived, population-based Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII)TM. Design: The C-DII was developed based on a review of literature through 2010. Dietary data obtained from children in 16 different countries were used to create a reference database for computing C-DII scores based on consumption of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and whole foods. Construct validation was performed using quantile regression to assess the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and C-DII scores. Data Sources: All data used for construct validation were obtained from children between six and 14 years of age (n = 3300) who participated in …

Design, Development And Construct Validation Of The Children’S, Samira Khan, Michael D. Wirth, Andrew Ortaglia, Christian R. Alvarado, Nitin Shivappa, Thomas Hurley, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Objective: To design and validate a literature-derived, population-based Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII)^TM. Design: The C-DII was developed based on a review of literature through 2010. Dietary data obtained from children in 16 different countries were used to create a reference database for computing C-DII scores based on consumption of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and whole foods. Construct validation was performed using quantile regression to assess the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and C-DII scores. Data Sources: All data used for construct validation were obtained from children between six and 14 years of age (n = 3300) who …

Limiting Antibiotic Use In Acute Sinusitis: Partly A Matter Of Vocabulary?, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

In his issue introduction, the editor-in-chief of Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews comments on an included article that describes the successful use of an electronic medical record best practice alert to reduce the rate of antibiotic prescription for acute sinusitis. Various methods previously tried to improve antibiotic stewardship in this illness are briefly reviewed. Borrowing on the model of acute bronchitis, it is suggested that a change in conveyed diagnostic vocabulary to “sinus cold” when describing acute sinusitis may help limit antibiotics for this predominantly viral infection.

Using Clinical Decision Support Within The Electronic Health Record To Reduce Incorrect Prescribing For Acute Sinusitis, Regina Ginzburg, Justin J. Conway, Eve Waltermaurer, Wendy Song, Samantha P. Jellinek-Cohen

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Acute sinusitis has viral etiology in more than 90% of cases, but antibiotics are prescribed for more than 80% of adults in the United States. While applications of computer-assisted guidelines have been found effective in reducing inaccurate prescribing for acute respiratory infections, there is a paucity of research focused specifically on the utilization of electronic best practice alerts (BPA) in improving treatment for acute sinusitis.

Methods: This observational cohort study examined prescribing behavior for sinusitis at a single Federally Qualified Health Center 1 year prior and during the first year of implementation of a BPA in the electronic health …

From Olfaction To Immunity: Characterization Of Nasal Immunity In Bony Fish, Ali Sepahi

Biology ETDs

The olfactory system is a common route pathogen entry in vertebrates. As a consequence, the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) needs to rapidly clear infections without compromising the sense of olfaction. NALT is present in teleost fish but its cellular and molecular mechanisms of action have not been investigated to this date. This dissertation focuses on three aims: 1. investigating the role of CCL19-like as a primordial chemokine in vertebrate nasal immunity, 2. determining the presence of tissue microenvironments within the olfactory organ (OO) of rainbow trout, and 3. understanding the immune contributions of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in teleosts against …

Histone Deacetylase 8 Protects Human Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells From Hypoxia-Mimetic Cobalt- And Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Mitochondrial Fission And Cytotoxicity, Soon-Duck Ha, Ori Solomon, Masoud Akbari, Alp Sener, Sung Ouk Kim

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Cell death by hypoxia followed by reoxygenation (H/R) is responsible for tissue injury in multiple pathological conditions. Recent studies found that epigenetic reprogramming mediated by histone deacetylases (HDACs) is implicated in H/R-induced cell death. However, among 18 different isoforms comprising 4 classes (I-IV), the role of each HDAC in cell death is largely unknown. This study examined the role of HDAC8, which is the most distinct isoform of class I, in the hypoxia mimetic cobalt- and H/R-induced cytotoxicity of human proximal tubular HK-2 cells. Using the HDAC8-specific activator TM-2-51 (TM) and inhibitor PCI34051, we found that HDAC8 played a protective …

Honey Bee And Bumble Bee Antiviral Defense, Alexander J. Mcmenamin, Daughenbaugh F. Katie, Fenali Parek, Marie C. Pizzorno, Michelle L. Flenniken

Faculty Journal Articles

Bees are important plant pollinators in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Managed and wild bees have experienced high average annual colony losses, population declines, and local extinctions in many geographic regions. Multiple factors, including virus infections, impact bee health and longevity. The majority of bee-infecting viruses are positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Bee-infecting viruses often cause asymptomatic infections but may also cause paralysis, deformity or death. The severity of infection is governed by bee host immune responses and influenced by additional biotic and abiotic factors. Herein, we highlight studies that have contributed to the current understanding of antiviral defense in bees, …

Febrile Neutropenia, Tonja Plew

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Febrile Neutropenia (FN) is a common, yet potentially life-threatening, complication in cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. FN occurs when a patient has a temperature of greater than 100.4℉ with an absolute neutrophil count of less than 500cells/mm³, which places the patient at a high risk for infection. Fever may be the only sign of FN. FN is an oncologic emergency, requiring immediate, aggressive treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. FN is associated with high morbidity and mortality in cancer patients.

Carbon Storage And Sequestration By Selected Tree Species In The University Of San Carlos – Talamban Campus’ (Usc-Tc) Nature Park, Cebu City, Philippines, Richard Parilla

CNU Journal of Higher Education

Increasing global warming as a result of an unprecedented increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is a worldwide concern. Among the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. The call for the reduction and sequestration of carbon dioxide is indeed very urgent. Urban greenspaces are seen to be an important player in reducing carbon dioxide. In this regard, this study looks into the carbon storage and sequestration potential by an endemic and introduced tree species in the nature park of the University of San Carlos – Talamban Campus (USC-TC), namely the molave (Vitex parviflora) and mahogany …

Genetically Engineered Mosquitoes, Zika And Other Arboviruses, Community Engagement, Costs, And Patents: Ethical Issues, Zahra Meghani, Christophe Boëte

Philosophy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Gut Inflammatory Diseases, Infection, And Nutrition, Helieh S. Oz, Sung-Ling Yeh, Amedeo Amedei

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hiv-1 Integrase-Targeted Short Peptides Derived From A Viral Protein R Sequence, Xue Zhi Zhao, Mathieu Métifiot, Evgeny Kiselev, Jacques Kessl, Kasthuraiah Maddali, Christophe Marchand, Mamuka Kvaratskhelia, Yves Pommier, Terrence R. Burke Jr.

Faculty Publications

HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors represent a new class of highly effective anti-AIDS therapeutics. Current FDA-approved IN strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) share a common mechanism of action that involves chelation of catalytic divalent metal ions. However, the emergence of IN mutants having reduced sensitivity to these inhibitors underlies efforts to derive agents that antagonize IN function by alternate mechanisms. Integrase along with the 96-residue multifunctional accessory protein, viral protein R (Vpr), are both components of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex (PIC). Coordinated interactions within the PIC are important for viral replication. Herein, we report a 7-mer peptide based on the shortened Vpr …

Pathophysiology Of Infective Endocarditis, Blake Splawinski

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease that can be difficult to manage and treat due to the complex nature of the disease process. The pathophysiology behind IE involves damage to the cardiac endothelium allowing bacterial infection to occur. Pathogens gain access to the bloodstream adheres to the compromised cardiac tissue. This infection grows and causes a multitude of issues for the patient. Determining the specific bacteria involved allows for the proper antibiotic regimen. Understanding the pathophysiology and treatment plans assist the interdisciplinary team to successfully manage IE. Nursing implications focus on education, monitoring, and identifying patient populations more susceptible …

Global Trends In Typhoidal Salmonellosis: A Systematic Review, Daina Als, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Paul Arora, Michelle F. Gaffey, Susan Campisi, Russanthy Velummailum, Farhana Zareef, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Typhoid and paratyphoid fever continue to significantly contribute to global morbidity and mortality. Disease burden is higher in low-and middle-income settings where surveillance programs are rare and little systematic information exists at population level. This review evaluates national, regional, and global trends in the incidence of typhoid fever and of related morbidity and mortality. A literature search in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted in June 2016, followed by screening and data extraction in duplicate. Studies reporting blood culture estimates of typhoid or paratyphoid morbidity and mortality were included in the analysis. Five thousand five hundred sixty-three unique …

The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Mc160 Protein Requires Both Death Effector Domains To Inhibit Mavs- And Tbk1-Induced Interferon Activation, Lissette Bouza

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The Molluscum Contagiosum Virus (MCV) causes a common persistent, skin infection. Two MCV immune evasion molecules, MCV MC159 and MC160 contain tandem death effector domains (DEDs). DEDs are found in several host proteins including pro-apoptotic proteins Fas-associated Death Domain (FADD) and procaspase-8 and are well characterized in innate immune signaling. MC159 blocks apoptosis induced by both Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and the Fas ligand (FasL) and inhibits activation the host pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) (Shisler, 2001; Murao and Shisler 2005). MC160, however, does not inhibit apoptosis, but does dampen TNF-induced NF-κB activation (Shisler, …

International Organization Releases New Guidelines For Treatment And Prevention Of Hiv Infection In Adults, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Fluid Limit And Stochastic Stability For A Genetic Mutation Model, Carlos M. Bajo Caraballo

Open Access Dissertations

We develop the continuous time version of the particle model studied in [13]. The evolution is described by a pure jump, continuous time Markov process on the space of words of length L with a size N alphabet. Words change randomly in search of a preferred state, here the vector zero. In genome population models, this is the genome presenting selection advantage [21]; in cancer development, it is a state of a damaged gene by deleterious mutations, and in epidemiological models the number of infected individuals in the population. In the last two models, the characters in the preferred word …

Clostridium Difficile Infection, Jacobina A. Adamu

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) refers to bacterium that infects the gut thereby causing diarrhea (Luo & Barlam, 2018). This infection is common among people who have used antibiotics for treatment. There is a growing consensus in literature that the infection of the intestines with Clostridium difficile infection is the fastest growing healthcare issue not only in the United States but globally. Millions of Americans are infected with this bacterium, causing major concerns in the healthcare system. In addition, it is worth noting that Clostridium difficile infection is a burdensome healthcare condition given the fact that it costs the healthcare system …

The Iceman's Last Meal Consisted Of Fat, Wild Meat, And Cereals., Frank Maixner, Dmitrij Turaev, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Marek Janko, Ben Krause-Kyora, Michael R Hoopmann, Ulrike Kusebauch, Mark Sartain, Gea Guerriero, Niall O'Sullivan, Matthew Teasdale, Giovanna Cipollini, Alice Paladin, Valeria Mattiangeli, Marco Samadelli, Umberto Tecchiati, Andreas Putzer, Mine Palazoglu, John Meissen, Sandra Lösch, Philipp Rausch, John F Baines, Bum Jin Kim, Hyun-Joo An, Paul Gostner, Eduard Egarter-Vigl, Peter Malfertheiner, Andreas Keller, Robert W Stark, Markus Wenk, David Bishop, Daniel G Bradley, Oliver Fiehn, Lars Engstrand, Robert L Moritz, Philip Doble, Andre Franke, Almut Nebel, Klaus Oeggl, Thomas Rattei, Rudolf Grimm, Albert Zink

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The history of humankind is marked by the constant adoption of new dietary habits affecting human physiology, metabolism, and even the development of nutrition-related disorders. Despite clear archaeological evidence for the shift from hunter-gatherer lifestyle to agriculture in Neolithic Europe [1], very little information exists on the daily dietary habits of our ancestors. By undertaking a complementary -omics approach combined with microscopy, we analyzed the stomach content of the Iceman, a 5,300-year-old European glacier mummy [2, 3]. He seems to have had a remarkably high proportion of fat in his diet, supplemented with fresh or dried wild meat, cereals, and …

Population Genomics Through Time Provides Insights Into The Consequences Of Decline And Rapid Demographic Recovery Through Head‐Starting In A Galapagos Giant Tortoise, Evelyn Jensen, Danielle L. Edwards, Ryan C. Garrick, Joshua M. Miller, James P. Gibbs, Linda J. Cayot, Washington Tapia, Adalgisa Caccone, Michael A. Russello

Faculty and Student Publications (Open Access)

No abstract provided.