Digital Commons Network^™

The Micronemal, Silvia A Arredondo, Kristian E Swearingen, Thomas Martinson, Ryan Steel, Dorender A Dankwa, Anke Harupa, Nelly Camargo, William Betz, Vladimir Vigdorovich, Brian G Oliver, Niwat Kangwanrangsan, Tomoko Ishino, Noah Sather, Sebastian Mikolajczak, Ashley M Vaughan, Motomi Torii, Robert L Moritz, Stefan H I Kappe

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Within the liver, Plasmodium sporozoites traverse cells searching for a "suitable" hepatocyte, invading these cells through a process that results in the formation of a parasitophorous vacuole (PV), within which the parasite undergoes intracellular replication as a liver stage. It was previously established that two members of the Plasmodium s48/45 protein family, P36 and P52, are essential for productive invasion of host hepatocytes by sporozoites as their simultaneous deletion results in growth-arrested parasites that lack a PV. Recent studies point toward a pathway of entry possibly involving the interaction of P36 with hepatocyte receptors EphA2, CD81, and SR-B1. However, the …

Salmonella Brain Abscess In An Infant, Mubarak Al-Yaqoobi, Sulien Al-Khalili, Ganpati P. Mishra

Neurosciences

Brain abscess is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring rapid diagnosis and prompt medical and surgical intervention. Various etiological agents associated with different epidemiological backgrounds are implicated, including Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacterial agents as well as anaerobes. Salmonella is rarely reported to be the cause of this medical condition despite being known to cause invasive infections at extremes of age and the fact that this organism is a common cause of other clinical infectious diseases encountered in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. A case of Salmonella brain abscess involving the right posterior parietal region of the brain is described in a …

Antimicrobial Textiles For Long Duration Space Flight, Keerthi Jagadeesan

Major Papers by TMD Master of Science Students

The review that follows was performed with the objective of contributing to the development, methodology and evaluation analysis of developing antimicrobial textiles for long duration space flight (LDSF) of which there has been little study. This is of much importance as the study of microbiomes in space travel is still limited and there are no mechanisms available for efficiently washing clothes during space travel. The current launch costs for space travel are high (approx. $10,000 per pound) so the weight of clothes needs to be carefully allocated for at least three years of travel to mars. This study is a …

Factors Affecting Hiv Testing Among Youth In Kenya, Allison Nall

USF St. Petersburg campus Master's Theses (Graduate)

With the high prevalence of HIV among youth in sub-Saharan Africa, it is vital to better understand factors affecting HIV testing among this population; this is the first step in the HIV treatment cascade. Using existing data from the SEERs (Stigma-reduction via Education, Empowerment, and Research) Project, a community-based participatory research program targeting 13-24 year olds in Kenya, the purpose of this study was to examine factors related to behavioral intentions regarding HIV testing. It was hypothesized that HIV knowledge, social support, subjective well-being, and mental health would serve as facilitators to HIV testing while projected stigma and substance use …

The Moderating Relationship Of Comorbid Psychopathology And Treatment Outcome For Young Adult Offenders In Drug Court, Patrick Mcgonigal, Kathleen A. Moore, Matthew Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Title: The moderating relationship of comorbid psychopathology and treatment outcome for young adult offenders in drug court.

Background: The drug court system is an alternative to incarceration that provides offenders with non-violent, substance motivated crimes with an opportunity to dismiss their charges and undergo a rigorous substance abuse treatment program. It is unknown whether drug court is effective for young adult clients and the role of co-occurring psychopathology within this context.

Methods: This study evaluated the overall effectiveness of a drug court system applied to young adult offenders ages 18-26, and additionally explored the moderating relationship of psychiatric symptoms on …

Characterization Of The Virulence Of A Non-Rt027, Non-Rt078 And Binary Toxin-Positive Clostridium Difficile Strain Associated With Severe Diarhea, Chunhui Li, Céline Harmanus, Duolong Zhu, Xiujuan Meng, Shaohui Wang, Juping Duan, Sidi Liu, Chenchao Fu, Pengcheng Zhou, Ruisi Liu, Anhua Wu, Ed J. Kuijper, Wiep Klaas Smits, Lei Fu, Xingmin Sun

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

The expression of the Clostridium difficile binary toxin CDT is generally observed in the RT027 (ST1) and RT078 (ST11) C. difficile isolates, which are associated with severe C. difficile infection (CDI). However, we recently reported that the non-RT027 and non-RT078 C. difficile strain LC693 (TcdA+TcdB+ CDT+, ST201) caused severe diarrhea in a patient in Xiangya Hospital in China. C.difficile LC693 is a member of Clade 3, and in this study, we identified LC693 as RT871 and compared its virulence and pathogenicity to those of C.difficile R20291 (TcdA+TcdB+CDT+, ST1/RT027), UK6 (TcdA+TcdB+CDT+, ST35/RT027), CD630 (TcdA+TcdB+CDT−, ST54, RT012), and 1379 (TcdA+TcdB+CDT−, ST54/RT012), with …

Tetracycline And Sulfonamide Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Soils From Nebraska Organic Farming Operations, Marylynn Cadena, Lisa M. Durso, Daniel N. Miller, Heidi M. Waldrip, B. L. Castleberry, Rhae A. Drijber, Charles S. Wortmann

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

There is widespread agreement that agricultural antibiotic resistance should be reduced, however, it is unclear from the available literature what an appropriate target for reduction would be. Organic farms provide a unique opportunity to disentangle questions of agricultural antibiotic drug use from questions of antibiotic resistance in the soil. In this study, soil was collected from 12 certified organic farms in Nebraska, evaluated for the presence of tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes (n = 15 targets), and correlated to soil physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Tetracycline and sulfonamide antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were found in soils from all 12 …

Sivcpz Closely Related To The Ancestral Hiv-1 Is Less Or Non-Pathogenic To Humans In A Hu-Blt Mouse Model, Zhe Yuan, Guobin Kang, Lance Daharsh, Wenjin Fan, Qingsheng Li

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The HIV-1 pandemic is a consequence of the cross-species transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in wild chimpanzees (SIVcpz) to humans. Our previous study demonstrated SIVcpz strains that are closely related to the ancestral viruses of HIV-1 groups M (SIVcpzMB897) and N (SIVcpzEK505) and two SIVcpz lineages that are not associated with any known HIV-1 infections in humans (SIVcpzMT145 and SIVcpzBF1167), all can readily infect and robustly replicate in the humanized-BLT mouse model of humans. However, the comparative pathogenicity of different SIVcpz strains remains unknown. Herein, we compared the pathogenicity of the above four SIVcpz strains with HIV-1 using humanized-BLT mice. …

Identification Of Unequally Represented Founder Viruses Among Tissues In Very Early Siv Rectal Transmission, Jian Chen, Yanqin Ren, Lance Daharsh, Lu Liu, Guobin Kang, Qingsheng Li, Qiang Wei, Yanmin Wu, Jianqing Xu

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Characterizing the transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses of multi-variant SIV infection may shed new light on the understanding of mucosal transmission.We intrarectally inoculated six Chinese rhesus macaques with a single high dose of SIVmac251 (3.1 × 10⁴ TCID₅₀) and obtained 985 full-length env sequences from multiple tissues at 6 and 10 days post-infection by single genome amplification (SGA). All 6 monkeys were infected with a range of 2 to 8 T/F viruses and the dominant variants from the inoculum were still dominant in different tissues from each monkey. Interestingly, our data showed that a cluster of rare T/F viruses …

Analytical Performance Of A Low‐Cost Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Human Papillomavirus Genotyping Assay For Use In Sub‐Saharan Africa, Kandali Samwel, Crispin Kahesa, Julius Mwaiselage, Daniela Gonzalez, John T. West, Charles Wood, Joel Palefsky, Peter C. Angeletti

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

We have tested a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping assay to fill the need for rapid and low‐cost HPV detection in Sub‐ Saharan Africa. This method allows high throughput genotyping and simultaneous detection of 14 high‐risk and two low‐risk HPV types, by PCR amplification of HPV DNAs in a single reaction tube. In this study, we describe stepwise experiments to validate the multiplex HPV PCR assay for determination of HPV genotypes from 104 cervical brush samples from Tanzanian women. Assay performance was evaluated by determination of intra‐laboratory reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity. Further performance was assessed by …

Discovery Of A Non-Nucleoside Rna Polymerase Inhibitor For Blocking Zika Virus Replication Through In Silico Screening, Aryamav Pattnaik, Nicholas Palermo, Bikash R. Sahoo, Zhe Yuan, Duoyi Hu, Arun S. Annamalai, Hiep L. X. Vu, Ignacio Correas, Pavan Kumar Prathipati, Christopher J. Destache, Qingsheng Li, Fernando A. Osorio, Asit K. Pattnaik, Shi-Hua Xiang

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging arbovirus, has become a major human health concern globally due to its association with congenital abnormalities and neurological diseases. Licensed vaccines or antivirals against ZIKV are currently unavailable. Here, by employing a structure-based approach targeting the ZIKV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), we conducted in silico screening of a library of 100,000 small molecules and tested the top ten lead compounds for their ability to inhibit the virus replication in cell-based in vitro assays. One compound, 3-chloro-N-[({4-[4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-1-piperazinyl]phenyl}amino)carbonothioyl]-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide (TPB), potently inhibited ZIKV replication at submicromolar concentrations. Molecular docking analysis suggests that …

Septal Secretion Of Protein A In Staphylococcus Aureus Requires Seca And Lipoteichoic Acid Synthesis, Wenqi Yu, Dominique Missiakas, Olaf Schneewind

Molecular Biosciences Faculty Publications

Surface proteins of Staphylococcus aureus are secreted across septal membranes for assembly into the bacterial cross-wall. This localized secretion requires the YSIRK/GXXS motif signal peptide, however the mechanisms supporting precursor trafficking are not known. We show here that the signal peptide of staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is cleaved at the YSIRK/GXXS motif. A SpA signal peptide mutant defective for YSIRK/GXXS cleavage is also impaired for septal secretion and co-purifies with SecA, SecDF and LtaS. SecA depletion blocks precursor targeting to septal membranes, whereas deletion of secDF diminishes SpA secretion into the cross-wall. Depletion of LtaS blocks lipoteichoic acid synthesis and …

Plasma Derived From Human Umbilical Cord Blood: Potential Cell-Additive Or Cell-Substitute Therapeutic For Neurodegenerative Diseases, Jared Ehrhart, Paul R. Sanberg, Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis

Neurosurgery and Brain Repair Faculty Publications

Limited efficacy of current therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative disease has led to increased interest in alternative therapies. Cord blood plasma (CBP) derived from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) may be a potential therapeutic. Benefits of CBP injection into rodent models of aging or ischaemic stroke have been demonstrated, though how benefits are elicited is still unclear. The present study evaluated various factors within the same samples of CBP and human adult blood plasma/sera (ABP/S). Also, autologous CBP effects vs. ABP/S or foetal bovine serum supplements on mononuclear cells from hUCB (MNC hUCB) in vitro were determined. Results showed significantly low …

Island Fox Spatial Ecology And Implications For Management Of Disease, Jessica R. Resnik, William F. Andelt, Thomas R. Stanley, Nathan P. Snow

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Disease, predation, and genetic isolation resulted in 4 of 6 island fox (Urocyon littoralis) subspecies being listed as endangered in 2004. Potential for disease outbreaks continues to pose a major threat to the persistence of these isolated, endemic populations. We examined how roads influence the spatial ecology of San Clemente Island foxes (U. l. clementae), particularly in regard to spread of disease, to provide management recommendations for preventing or minimizing a disease outbreak on San Clemente Island, California, USA. Home range areas (x=0.75 km²) and core areas (x=0.19 km²) of foxes on …

Impact Of Rapid Meca Polymerase Chain Reaction Rapid Diagnostic Testing For Staphylococcus Aureus In A Pediatric Setting, Emily Drwiega

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Rapid molecular technology can detect the mecA resistance gene in Staphylococcus aureus (SA), predicting methicillin susceptibility in under one hour. In combination with antimicrobial stewardship program interventions in adults with SA bacteremia, rapid mecA testing decreases time to targeted therapy. This intervention has not yet been shown effective in pediatric patients or in the absence of real-time stewardship interventions. The objective of this study was to determine if time to optimal therapy decreased following implementation of GeneXpert rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) in a pediatric institution without a formal antimicrobial stewardship protocol for response. The primary outcome was time to optimal …

Preliminary Study On Insecticide Susceptibility Status Of The Black Fly, Simulium (Simulium) Vanluni (Diptera: Simuliidae) In Malaysia, Chee Dhang Chen, Hiroyuki Takaoka, Koon Weng Lau, Van Lun Low, Ai Chdon Chin, Abdul Aziz Azidah, Mohd Sofian-Azirun

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Susceptibility status of Simulium (Simulium) vanluni (Diptera: Simuliidae) adults obtained from Pahang, Malaysia was evaluated against 11 adulticides representing four major insecticide classes: organochlorines (DDT and dieldrin), organophosphates (malathion and fenitrothion), carbamates (bendiocarb and propoxtlr) and pyrethroids (etofenprox, deltamethrin, Iambdacyhalothrin, permethrin and cyfluthrin). The adult bioassay was conducted according to WHO standard protocol to determine the insecticide susceptibility. Mortality at 24 h post treatment was used as indicator for susceptibility status. Simulium vanluni populations in Pahang exhibited different levels of resistance against II adulticides with mortality ranged from 60.00 to 100.00%. Simulium vanluni was susceptible to propoxur, cyfluthrin and bendiocarb …

Climate Change, Cattle, And The Challenge Of Sustainability In A Telecoupled System In Africa, Tara S. Easter, Alexander K. Killion, Neil H. Carter

Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior

Information, energy, and materials are flowing over greater distances than in the past, changing the structure and feedbacks within and across coupled human and natural systems worldwide. The telecoupling framework was recently developed to understand the feedbacks and multidirectional flows characterizing social and environmental interactions between distant systems. We extend the application of the telecoupling framework to illustrate how flows in beef affect and are affected by social-ecological processes occurring between distant systems in Africa, and how those dynamics will likely change over the next few decades because of climate-induced shifts in a major bovine disease, trypanosomosis. The disease is …

Resistance To Deltamethrin In Prairie Dog (Cynomys Ludovicianus) Fleas In The Field And In The Laboratory, David A. Eads, Dean E. Biggins, Jonathan Bowser, Janet C. Mcallister, Randall L. Griebel, Eddie Childers, Travis M. Livieri, Cristi Painter, Lindsey Sterling Krank, Kristy Bly

United States National Park Service: Publications

Sylvatic plague poses a substantial risk to black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) and their obligate predator, the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes). The effects of plague on prairie dogs and ferrets are mitigated using a deltamethrin pulicide dust that reduces the spread of plague by killing fleas, the vector for the plague bacterium. In portions of Conata Basin, Buffalo Gap National Grassland, and Badlands National Park, South Dakota, US, 0.05% deltamethrin has been infused into prairie dog burrows on an annual basis since 2005. We aimed to determine if fleas (Oropsylla hirsuta) in portions of …

Risk Factors For Bloodstream Infections Among An Urban Population With Skin And Soft Tissue Infections: A Retrospective Unmatched Case-Control Study, Michael J. Rybak, Ej Zasowksi, Scj Jorgernsen, Am Langf, Sl Davis, Ab Mendelsohn, Vasileios Margaritis

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Introduction: The prevalence of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) continues to increase. Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a severe secondary complication of ABSSSI. The objective of this study was to determine clinical and sociodemographic risk factors for BSI in patients with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) and to determine if sociodemographic factors impact severity at presentation. Methods This was a retrospective unmatched (1:1) case-control study. Predictors of BSI and severe infection were sought through multivariable logistic regression analyses. Cases and controls were collected from two major medical centers located in downtown Detroit, Michigan: the Detroit …

Bachelor Of Science In Respiratory Therapy - First-Professional_2018-2019, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Religion And Spirituality On Hiv Prevention Among Black And Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men, New York City, Kathryn Drumhiller, Jose Nanín, Zaneta Gaul, Madeline Y. Sutton

Publications and Research

The influence of religion and spirituality (R/S) on HIV prevention has been understudied, especially for Black and/or Latino men who have sex with men (BLMSM), who bear a disproportionate burden of HIV, and who are part of racial/ethnic communities with high engagement in R/S. The specific aim of this study was to explore perspectives about R/S among BLMSM to inform HIV prevention strategies and reduce HIV-related health disparities. Data from 105 qualitative interviews with BLMSM were analyzed; 58 (55%) stated that R/S had no personal influence on HIV prevention. For those reporting any R/S influence, main themes were: (1) R/S …

Catching Chances: The Movement To Be On The Ground And Research Ready Before An Outbreak, David Brett-Major, James V. Lawler

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

After more than 28,000 Ebola virus disease cases and at least 11,000 deaths in West Africa during the 2014⁻2016 epidemic, the world remains without a licensed vaccine or therapeutic broadly available and demonstrated to alleviate suffering. This deficiency has been felt acutely in the two, short, following years with two Ebola virus outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and a Marburg virus outbreak in Uganda. Despite billions of U.S. dollars invested in developing medical countermeasures for filoviruses in the antecedent decades, resulting in an array of preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic products, none are available on commercial shelves. This …

Disseminated Adenovirus Nephritis After Kidney Transplantation., Timothy Hatlen, Henry Mroch, Katherine Tuttle, Okechukwu Ojogho, Michele Rooney, Sara Desmond, Samer Bani-Hani

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Barriers In Obtaining Primary Health Care Services From Public Clinics By Non-Citizen Labors In Malaysia, M. Sohrabi, Ahmad Farid Osman, M. Tumin

Research Publications (2016 to 2020)

Non-citizen labors in the country have been found to face difficulties in accessing healthcare services. The study seeks to investigate the existence of barriers in accessing primary healthcare services by non-citizen labors in Malaysia. This study was conducted on 323 non-citizen labors residing in the urban areas of Malaysia, particularly of Johor Bahru and Klang Valley from May to September 2017. Relevant information regarding the personal barriers (language, preference for physician’s gender, difficulty taking leave from work), structural barriers (availability of public clinic in residential area, travel time to the public clinic, physician’s knowledge and skill) and financial barriers (insurance …

University Of Texas Health Science Center At Tyler Catalog, 2018 - 2020, University Of Texas Health Science Center At Tyler

Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Synaptogyrin-2 Influences Replication Of Porcine Circovirus 2, Lianna R. Walker, Taylor B. Engle, Hiep Vu, Emily R. Tosky, Dan J. Nonneman, Timothy P. L. Smith, Tudor Borza, Thomas E. Burkey, Graham S. Plastow, Stephen D. Kachman, Daniel C. Ciobanu

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a circular single-stranded DNA virus responsible for a group of diseases collectively known as PCV2 Associated Diseases (PCVAD). Variation in the incidence and severity of PCVAD exists between pigs suggesting a host genetic component involved in pathogenesis. A large-scale genome-wide association study of experimentally infected pigs (n = 974), provided evidence of a host genetic role in PCV2 viremia, immune response and growth during challenge. Host genotype explained 64% of the phenotypic variation for overall viral load, with two major Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) identified on chromosome 7 (SSC7) near the swine leukocyte antigen complex …

Malignancy Trends In Hiv-Infected Patients Over The Past 10 Years In A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study In The United States, Nancy Rihana, Sowmya Nanjappa, Cara Sullivan, Ana Paula Velez, Narach Tienchai, John N. Greene

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1995 had a dramatic impact on the morbidity and mortality of the HIV population, and subsequently, the natural history of cancer has changed. The purpose of our study was to review the prevalence of AIDS-defining malignancies and non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC), taking into consideration racial and gender variations. After the institutional review board approval, the study was conducted as a retrospective chart review of 279 HIV-infected patients who were treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010. The demographic characteristics included gender, ethnicity, race, presence or absence …

Multi-Centre Observational Study On Epidemiology, Treatment, And Outcome Of Mucormycosis In India, Atul Patel, Harsimran Kaur, Immaculata Xess, Joy S. Michael, Jayanthi Savio, Shivaprakash Rudramurthy, Rakesh Singh, Prakash Shastri, Pamidimukkala Umabala, Raman Sardana, Anupama Jyoti Kindo, Malini Capoor, Sangeetha Mohan, Arunaloke Chakrabarti

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Though the rise in number of mucormycosis cases has been reported globally, the rise in India is alarming especially in uncontrolled diabetics. However, multiple gaps exist in the understanding of the disease in this country. Methods: To describe the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment practices, and outcome of mucormycosis in India. A single-arm prospective observational study was conducted in the network of 17 tertiary care centres across India during April 2016 through September 2017. All consecutive proven mucormycosis patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical data including risk factors, investigations, and treatment were collected. All isolates and histopathological specimens were sent …

Sustainability And Outcomes Of A Standardized Aminoglycoside Induced Ototoxicity Monitoring Algorithm, Claire Elson, Christopher M. Oermann, Michelle Weltman, Ellen Meier

Posters

No abstract provided.

Improving Hpv Immunization By Age 13 In Over 20 Kansas City Pediatric Practices, Luke A. Harris, Douglas Blowey

Posters

No abstract provided.