Digital Commons Network^™

The Flexible University: Neoliberal Education And The Global Production Of Migrant Labor, Yasmin Y. Ortiga

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article demonstrates how neoliberal higher education has come to play a distinct role in the global market for migrant labor, where a growing number of developing nations educate its citizens for overseas work in order to maximize future monetary remittances. Located in the Philippines, this study shows how local colleges and universities attempt to impose an ideal notion of flexibility, quickly shifting academic manpower and resources to programs that would produce the ‘right’ types of workers to address foreign labor demands. Based on qualitative interviews with Filipino college educators and students, the article then discusses how such ‘flexible’ strategies …

Rethinking Service: Visual Arts At The Land-Grant University And In Extension Programming, Meghan L.E. Kirkwood

Journal of Extension

In 2014, land-grant institutions observed the centenary of the Smith-Lever Act, which established the Cooperative Extension program. Traditionally, Cooperative Extension has engaged in and disseminated findings from research in areas such as agricultural sciences and public policy, but rarely the visual arts, despite the prevalence of visual arts departments at land-grant institutions. Faculty in the Department of Visual Arts at North Dakota State University (NDSU) desired to know whether there was potential for collaboration with NDSU Extension. This article addresses findings from the resulting survey-based study and the implications of those findings.

Ensuring Food Safety As Demand For Improved Food System Efficiency Increases, Abigail Snyder, Kate Shumaker, Nicole Nelsen

Journal of Extension

Food security and safety issues have been central to Extension programming since its inception, but emerging concerns over the issues of food waste and system inefficiency have brought new challenges to the forefront. Social change ideas related to reducing food waste include use of secondary quality produce, date label elimination, repurposing of food scraps, and donation and gleaning of food. Implementation of these ideas often intersects with issues of food safety. Therefore, it is incumbent on Extension professionals nationwide to consider how best to use content and expertise to address modern food security, food waste, and food safety challenges.

The Relationship Between Neuroticism, Self-Esteem, And Disordered Eating Attitudes: Examining The Health At Every Size Theory, Liana Cho

Masters Theses

Background. In the modern day treatment of overweight/obesity, conflicting recommendations regarding treatment have been released by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) and advocates of the Health at Every Size (HAES) movement. While the AND have indicated their support for self-monitoring practices, such as keeping a food diary or tracking calories, HAES advocates have claimed that these restrictive practices may result in increased disordered eating tendencies and poor self-esteem.

Subjects. The participants for this study included 410 students at Grand Valley State University. Almost 80% of participants were female, and just over 85% of participants identified as white. …

Analysis Of Growth And Prevalence Of Malnutrition During Total Parenteral Nutrition Weaning: A Methodological Demonstration, Lauren Ashley Kane

Masters Theses

Background: Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving intervention which provides nutrition to premature infants with immature gut functioning. Though essential for nutrition provision in the first days of life, TPN is not without risk. Therefore, it is important to introduce feedings into the gut and to wean off TPN when able. During this weaning phase, calorie and protein deficits have been observed to occur. Very few studies have investigated TPN weaning periods, and there are no studies on malnutrition associated with the TPN weaning period in premature infants.

Methods: This study employed a retrospective chart review, with medical …

Selected Correspondence With Igor Kon, Dmitri N. Shalin

Sociology Faculty Research

The article presents the correspondence with I.S. Kon. No abstract provided.

Factors Related To Health Behaviors In Persons With Hypertension, Myanmar, Honey Oo, Somnuk Sakunhongsophon, Sangthong Terathongkum

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between personal and environmental factors and health behaviors in persons with hypertension. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out using a convenient sample of individuals with hypertension from three community health centers in Yangon, Myanmar. Data were collected using a standardized interviewer- administered questionnaire consisting of six sections: demographic characteristics, Self-efficacy to manage Hypertension Scale, Health Behavior Questionnaire, Barriers to Health Promoting Activities Scale, Hypertension Knowledge Questionnaire, and Social Support Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Participants had a high …

Comparison Of Ahmed Versus Baerveldt Implant Outcomes In Malayan Glaucoma Patients, Widya Artini, Syukri Mustafa, Virna D. Octariana, Astrianda Suryono

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Ahmed and Baerveldt implants have already have been established  for treating refractory glaucoma, but, to date, their outcome in Malayan eyes has not yet been reported. This study aimed to evaluate a comparison of the success rate between Ahmed and Baerveldt implants surgical intervention in Malayan patients with glaucoma. Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia, from January 2013 to December 2015. All glaucoma patients who underwent Ahmed and Baerveldt implants and intraocular pressure (IOP), and presented for follow-up evaluation one year post implant, were enrolled in this study. Visual acuity and complications were …

Evaluation Of Bioactive Compounds On Different Extracts Of Linum Usitatissimum And Its Antimicrobial Properties Against Selected Oral Pathogens, Ummu A. Fadzir, Khairani I. Mokhtar, Basma E. Mustafa, Deny S. Darnis

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Antibacterial agents from natural sources have been suggested as alternatives for treating infectious diseases due to their low side effects. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) exhibits some antibacterial properties, but its effects against oral pathogens are poorly understood. This study investigated flaxseed extracts' antibacterial effects against such pathogens. Methods: Non-polar and polar extracts of flaxseed, with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH), were prepared by sequential Soxhlet extraction. All extracts were qualitatively screened through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activities of flaxseed extracts with different volumes per disc (Oxoid, Badhoevedorp, Netherlands) (5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 µL/disc) …

Oral Antidiabetic Utilization And Various Factors As An Indicator For Hba1c Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Iche A. Liberty, Eddy Roflin, Muhammad Aziz, Pariyana Pariyana, Suryadi Tjekyan

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Diabetes mellitus requires aggressive long-term therapy to decrease morbidity and mortality. Non-adherence to oral antidiabetic therapy represents a barrier to treatment that could lead to the deterioration of patient health. This study aimed to develop an indicator for predicting glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This unmatched case-control study recruited 110 patients from the Primary Health Care center in Palembang City. The chi-square test was used for certain variables, and multivariate analysis was performed using unconditional logistic regression to assess the effects of different variables after considering certain sociodemographic and economic characteristics as potential confounding variables. …

A Systematic Review Of The Association Between Intrapersonal Factors And Smoking Cessation In Adolescents In The United States, Amanita K. Hana, Sung-Il Cho, Eunsil Cheon, Suhyun Kwon, Rajapakshe Thishani

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Premature death in developed countries, and smoking by adolescents is a serious health issue in the US. There are several aspects that influence smoking cessation in adolescents, one of which comprises intrapersonal factors. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to identify and categorize specific intrapersonal factors that affect the smoking cessation of adolescents in the United States. Methods: Through a search on PubMed, identified quantitative research studies on the intrapersonal factors affecting the smoking cessation of adolescents in the US. The search results imported into Endnote X9. The intrapersonal factors examined into 4 classifications: nicotine dependence, stress, …

Effects Of Physical Exercise On Indicators Of Inflammation Risk Of The Gaster In A Male Wistar Rat Aging Model Created With D-Galactose Induction, Dian Murwaningsih, Andreanyta Meliala, Zaenal M. Sofro

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological treatment for various diseases. Aging is associated with deteriorating physiological function, and elderly individuals generally have inflammation or infection in the digestive tract. This study aimed to examine the effects of mild and moderate physical exercise intensities on the indicators of inflammation risk of the gaster in a male Wistar rat aging model created with D-galactose induction. Methods: This experimental research study had a post-test-only group design. The study included 24 3-month-old male Wistar rats weighing 200-300 g. The rats were equally divided into four groups (saline,+light-intensity physical exercise, and D-galactose+moderate-intensity physical exercise)D-galactose, D-galactose. …

Health Financing Policies In Jordan: The Allocation Of Public Expenditures In Global Context, Ali A. Rawabdeh, Anis S. Khassawneh

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This article aimed to clarify the adequacy of government financial resources toward furnishing the provision of efficient healthcare for fulfilling the health challenges in the light of worse economic scenario in Jordan. Methods: This analytical and prognostic study of healthcare spending in Jordan focuses on the public sectors that finance healthcare. Hence, all the available studies and posted materials in the nearby and global levels were used to analyze the government abilities to proceed with presenting healthcare within the current constraints. Results: Our results revealed that, in any case, the Jordanian government is not organized to proceed or prepared …

Measurement Of Contrast Sensitivity Using The M&S Smart System Ii Compared With The Standard Pelli–Robson Chart In Patients With Primary Pterygium, Mohd R. Hilmi, Mohd K. Khairidzan, Zulfaezal C. Azemin, Muhammad H. Azami, Azrin E. Ariffin

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Contrast sensitivity (CS) is widely used as a measure of visual function in research and clinical settings. CS is regarded as an important visual parameter, detecting subtle reductions in vision prior to significant reduction in visual acuity. Methods: We examined the agreement between the gold-standard Pelli-Robson chart and a computerized test termed the M&S Smart System II (MSSS-II) in patients with primary pterygium. Ninety-three patients (93 primary pterygium eyes) who visited an ophthalmology clinic were selected. The patients were randomly assessed for CS using the MSSS-II or Pelli-Robson chart. The primary outcome was agreement in log units between these …

Reducing Thirty-Day Hospital Readmissions In Drug And Medication Poisoning: An Observational Study, Jenna M. Evans

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

A common and costly occurrence in the United States is thirty-day hospital readmissions. Awareness of 30-day hospital readmissions is currently a national priority. To reduce avoidable readmissions, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 established a “Hospital Readmission Reduction Program” implemented to provide possible solutions for preventable thirty-day readmissions. Part of this policy states that hospitals with higher than expected adjusted re-hospitalization rates have lower reimbursement rates. One specific area known to be a cause of thirty-day hospital readmissions is drug and medication poisoning. An observational study of data from the Nationwide Readmissions Database is being used to …

Global Renewable And Nonrenewable Energy Use Impact Assessment Of U.S. Manufacturing: An Integrated Cradle-To-Gate Lca And Dea Approach, Bahadir Ezici

Master's Theses

In this thesis, U.S. manufacturing industries` global supply chain-linked energy use and economic output are investigated considering a total of 16 renewable and nonrenewable energy carriers. A multiregion input output (MRIO) framework is employed to conduct the global supply chain-linked energy use impact assessment. The study period was between 1995 and 2014 based on data availability. Thus, 20 MRIO models were developed. Each MRIO model consists of the 40 largest economies of the world and the rest of the world (ROW) as the 41st country. Each country’s economy was structured into 35 manufacturing and service industries based on the Worth …

An Investment In Staff Well-Being, Leigh Hume

Group: American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)

You can't give what you don't have." The implications of such a simple statement from Dr. Maureen Bisognano, keynote speaker at the 2016 Gothenburg International Forum on Quality and Safety in Healthcare, are far reaching given that burnout, emotional exhaustion, mental depletion, and disengagement are associated with the current state of our global nursing community. Studies report global rates of disengagement at 40% and nurse burnout in the US at 34%. These factors, and their relationship with poor well-being, ultimately have an adverse impact on nurses' overall health and ability to provide quality patient care. In light of the Institute …

Labor And Social Identity In Ancient Peru: A Bioarchaeological Perspective, Sarah Katherine Muno

Dissertations

AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Sarah K. Muno for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Anthropology, presented on September 26, 2018 at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: LABOR AND SOCIAL IDENTITY IN ANCIENT PERU: A BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Izumi Shimada This dissertation presents a bioarchaeological study of labor and social identity in coastal Peru during the Late Intermediate Period (900 – 1470 CE), using data from contemporaneous Middle Sicán (Sicán Precinct and El Brujo, north coast) and Ychsma (Pachacamac, central coast) mortuary contexts. I combine information about funerary treatment with skeletal evidence of trauma, degenerative joint disease, …

Investigation Of Erg1a Potassium Channel Modulation Of Calpain Activity In C2c12 Myotubes, Clayton Alan Whitmore

Theses

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a result of an imbalance in protein synthesis and protein degradation. It is a part of the normal aging process, but also may occur in response to several stimuli including disease, injury, and disuse. Currently there is no truly effective pharmacological treatment for atrophy. The best treatment is a healthy diet and exercise, however, sick and aging individuals are not always capable of participating in the appropriate activity. Therefore, exploration of the mechanisms contributing to atrophy is essential because this may lead to discovery of an effective therapeutic target. The ether-a-go-go related gene (Erg1a) K+ channel …

Cultural Naturalism And The Market God, David Timothy Denenny

Theses

This work employs John Dewey's cultural naturalism to explore how and why the orthodox economic tradition functions as a religious faith.Scholars such as the theologian Harvey Cox and others now view orthodox economic practice as a religion. Other scholars such as Max Weber, Alasdair MacIntyre, and numerous others view modern economic practice as exemplifying a particular ethic. The focus in this work is placed upon the destructive consequences of practicing the Market faith. This work argues that much of contemporary economic practice maintains a view of science that is incompatible with the kind of naturalism found in Classical American Pragmatism. …

Critical Incidents In Multicultural Supervision And Their Impacts On Supervisees And The Supervision Relationship, Monica Becerra

Theses

Multicultural competency is essential in the field of psychology and a major component of training involves multicultural supervision. Neglecting cultural issues may led to negative consequences in the development of the supervisor and supervisee relationship and in turn affect the work done with clients. Using a stratified random sample of 50 graduate students in APA accredited programs and internship sites, the researchers explored the specific supervisor behaviors and interventions that represent effective and poor multicultural supervision. This qualitative replication study incorporates Chu and Chwalisz’s (1999) critical incident questionnaire (CIQ) and a demographic questionnaire. The qualitative data was analyzed using Grounded …

Provider Perspectives: Examining The Transition From Ei To Ecse, Katherine Ancell

Dissertations

Children with disabilities might experience multiple transitions during their early years. One important transition that occurs for many children with disabilities or developmental delays and their families is the transition from Early Intervention (EI) to Early Childhood Special Education (ECSE) services at three years of age. The stress of this transition may be exacerbated for families of young children with disabilities as the shifts between services involve many choices and decisions depending on the child’s level of need. Effective transition procedures for children with disabilities sets the stage for future positive or negative transition experiences and optimal learning experiences in …

The Use Of A Celebrity In Advertising A Potentially Unhealthy Product: Using Psi And The Effects On Consumers’ Body Image, Oliver Taylor

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Venezuela: A Uniquely Senian Insight Into A Human Rights Crisis, Andrea I. Scheer

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

For over twenty decades, Venezuelan political leaders have blatantly disregarded their citizens’ human rights, leading to the downfall of Venezuela’s economy and democratic institutions, including severe food and medicine shortages, as well as staggering inflation rates. As a result, Venezuela provides a unique affirmation of the Capabilities Approach introduced by Professor Amartya Sen, which focuses not only on the freedoms that individuals possess, but also on what individuals are capable of doing as possessors of these freedoms. This Note seeks to use Sen’s Capabilities Approach to understand the nature and scope of Venezuela’s multidimensional crisis, arguing that a Senian approach …

Genetic Evolution And Prognostic Determinants Of Pancreatic Cancer On Longitudinal Liquid Biopsies, Vincent Bernard

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the lowest 5-year survival rates amongst solid tumors. As early detection of PDAC is unusual and typically incidental, most patients present with locally advanced and metastatic disease where effective therapeutic strategies remain a significant unmet need. Specifically, surrogate biomarkers for tumor monitoring of PDAC may lead to improved elucidation of clinical actionability and prognostic potential. On the other hand, tumor tissue is rarely sampled in patients presenting with de novo or recurrent metastatic PDAC, apart from a fine needle aspiration or a core needle biopsy performed for diagnosis. This precludes the opportunity for …

Assembly And Display Of Surface Proteins In Actinomyces Oris, Sara Siegel

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Bacteria are an integral part of human health and disease. In the human host, dental plaques form as a result of up to 700 individual bacterial species colonizing oral surfaces and forming a multispecies biofilm. These biofilms are the cause of prevalent human diseases such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. The microbes present in the oral biofilm are highly spatially and temporally structured and require a primary colonizing species to adhere to host tissue. As an important primary colonizer of the oral biofilm, the actinobacterium Actinomyces oris utilizes cell wall anchored proteins and glycoconjugates to initiate adherence to host …

Investigating The Single Cell Heterogeneity And Physiological Impact Of Mistranslation, Christopher Evans

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Bacterial populations grow clonal populations; however, individual cells have a variety of phenotypes. The physiological heterogeneity observed in populations has been attributed to variations in the processes of gene expression. For example, promoter expression has been shown to be heterogeneous within a population and contribute to increased stress tolerance in a subpopulation of cells. In comparison to transcription, the influence of translation on single cells is unclear. In this study, my collaborators and I have developed a dual-fluorescence reporter that allows us to measure the mistranslation rate in single cells in vivo. Using this reporter, we found that mistranslation …

Hypothalamic Circuits In The Control Of Feeding And Emotional Behaviors, Leandra Mangieri

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Feeding results from the integration of both nutritional and affective states, and is guided by complex neural circuitry in the brain. The hypothalamus is a critical center controlling feeding and motivated behaviors. We found that targeted photostimulation of projections from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) to the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) in mice elicited voracious feeding and repetitive self-grooming behavior. GABA neurotransmission in the LH->PVH circuit mediated the evoked feeding behavior, and elicited behavioral approach, whereas glutamate release promoted repetitive self-grooming, which was stress-related in nature. Optogenetic inhibition of LH^GABA ->PVH circuit reduced feeding after fasting, whereas photostimulation abruptly …

The Role Of Tumor Suppressor Dear1 In The Acquisition Of Mammary Stem/Progenitor Cell Properties, Uyen Le

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in America. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), one of the earliest pre-invasive forms of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), has a 30-50% risk of progressing to IDC. Understanding the mechanisms regulating progression from DCIS to IDC would help identify biomarkers to stratify patients at higher risk of progression or metastasis. Cumulative literature suggests the earliest phase of dissemination from the primary tumor is driven by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. DEAR1 is a tumor suppressor gene which is mutated, undergoes loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, and is downregulated in DCIS …

Involvement Of Gdap1 In The Regulation Of Mtorc1 Activity In A Drosophila Mliv Model, Kristen Clemons

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The master regulator of metabolism and growth, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), is responsible for maintaining metabolic homeostasis by sensing nutrient and energy levels within the cell to promote or inhibit translation and autophagy accordingly. In the childhood neurodevelopmental disorder Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV), mTORC1 activity is decreased. The underlying mechanism for reduced mTORC1 signaling in MLIV is poorly understood. The gene encoding ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein 1 (GDAP1) is transcriptionally upregulated in MLIV. This project investigated the involvement of GDAP1 in MLIV disease pathology. Using the UAS/GAL4 system in an established MLIV Drosophila model, we …