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2018

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Enhancing Grit Through Functional Imagery Training In Professional Soccer, Jonathan Rhodes, Jon May, Jackie Andrade, David Kavanagh Jan 2018

Enhancing Grit Through Functional Imagery Training In Professional Soccer, Jonathan Rhodes, Jon May, Jackie Andrade, David Kavanagh

School of Psychology

Functional Imagery Training (FIT) extends multisensory imagery training by involving athletes with goal setting and appraisal. We measured the effect of FIT on 24 professional soccer players’ grit, a personality trait associated with perseverance for a long-term goal. In a stepped-wedge design an immediate (n=9) and delayed (n=10) group received FIT at week 1 or week 6, and were measured at week 12. A self-selected control group (n=5) received no intervention. The delayed group were also measured at week 6 just before their intervention, and week 18. Grit scores in both intervention groups increased following the intervention, but the control …

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Separate Neural Representations Of Prediction Error Valence And Surprise: Evidence From An Fmri Meta-Analysis., Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler, Marios G. Philiastides Jan 2018

Separate Neural Representations Of Prediction Error Valence And Surprise: Evidence From An Fmri Meta-Analysis., Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler, Marios G. Philiastides

School of Psychology

Learning occurs when an outcome differs from expectations, generating a reward prediction error signal (RPE). The RPE signal has been hypothesized to simultaneously embody the valence of an outcome (better or worse than expected) and its surprise (how far from expectations). Nonetheless, growing evidence suggests that separate representations of the two RPE components exist in the human brain. Meta-analyses provide an opportunity to test this hypothesis and directly probe the extent to which the valence and surprise of the error signal are encoded in separate or overlapping networks. We carried out several meta-analyses on a large set of fMRI studies …

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Mental Imagery In Dentistry: Phenomenology And Role In Dental Anxiety, Annegret Schneider, Jackie Andrade, Karin Tanja-Dijkstra, David R. Moles Jan 2018

Mental Imagery In Dentistry: Phenomenology And Role In Dental Anxiety, Annegret Schneider, Jackie Andrade, Karin Tanja-Dijkstra, David R. Moles

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Competitive Escalation And Interventions, Sebastian Hafenbrädl, Jan K. Woike Jan 2018

Competitive Escalation And Interventions, Sebastian Hafenbrädl, Jan K. Woike

School of Psychology

Competitive escalation occurs frequently in managerial environments, when decisions create sunk costs and decision makers compete under time pressure. In a series of experiments using a minimal dollar auction paradigm, we test interventions to prevent competitive escalation. Without any intervention, most people, including experienced managers, escalate and lose money by bidding more than the price is worth (e.g., more than 10 € for 10 €). We test several interventions, in which we provide individuals with different types of experience: direct experience in structurally identical and in structurally similar situations, as well as direct experience in similarly competitive situations (lacking the …

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The Relationship Between Exposure To Natural And Urban Environments And Children’S Self-Regulation, R Jenkin, I Frampton, Mp White, S Pahl Jan 2018

The Relationship Between Exposure To Natural And Urban Environments And Children’S Self-Regulation, R Jenkin, I Frampton, Mp White, S Pahl

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Eye Movement Attenuation Of Intrusive Social Anxiety Imagery: A Pilot Study., Sr Homer, C Deeprose Jan 2018

Eye Movement Attenuation Of Intrusive Social Anxiety Imagery: A Pilot Study., Sr Homer, C Deeprose

School of Psychology

Background and objectives: A growing body of research has shown that negative, intrusive mental imagery plays a prevalent and causal role in social anxiety, and is qualitatively different to voluntarily generated imagery. Negative imagery can be reduced in vividness and emotional intensity through concurrent lateral eye movements (EMs) as per Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Despite EMDR being used for a range of disorders, previous laboratorybased experimental research typically uses voluntarily generated autobiographical memories rather than involuntarily experienced intrusive images. In a pilot study, we investigated the efficacy of eye movement attenuation of negative, intrusive, socialanxiety imagery. Methods: …

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Multiple Dimensions Of Biodiversity Drive Human Interest In Tide Pool Communities, Tp Fairchild, Ms Fowler, S Pahl, Jn Griffin Jan 2018

Multiple Dimensions Of Biodiversity Drive Human Interest In Tide Pool Communities, Tp Fairchild, Ms Fowler, S Pahl, Jn Griffin

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Sumo Enters The Ring: The Emerging Role Of Sumoylation In Magnaporthe Oryzae Pathogenicity, George R. Littlejohn Jan 2018

Sumo Enters The Ring: The Emerging Role Of Sumoylation In Magnaporthe Oryzae Pathogenicity, George R. Littlejohn

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

This article is a Commentary on Liu et al., 219: 1031–1047.

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Neutral Variation Does Not Predict Immunogenetic Variation In The European Grayling (Thymallus Thymallus) - Implications For Management, Jv Huml, Martin I. Taylor, We Harris, Robin Sen, Jonathan S. Ellis Jan 2018

Neutral Variation Does Not Predict Immunogenetic Variation In The European Grayling (Thymallus Thymallus) - Implications For Management, Jv Huml, Martin I. Taylor, We Harris, Robin Sen, Jonathan S. Ellis

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

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