Digital Commons Network^™

Liability For Vaccine Injury: The United States, The European Union, And The Developing World, Mary S. Holland

Emory Law Journal

The 2017 Thrower Symposium focused on how law addresses serious global public health challenges. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other national health bodies strongly recommend vaccines in many circumstances. Yet there is a scientific consensus that vaccines can and do cause harm and death in certain individuals, even when vaccines are properly manufactured and appropriately administered. In the United States, vaccine manufacturers have attained an extremely high level of liability protection through legislation and judicial interpretation. The 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (the Vaccine Act); the 2005 Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (the PREP Act); and Bruesewitz …

Proceedings Of The Xix Iberian Symposium On Marine Biology Studies 2016 (Porto, Portugal), Alberto Teodorico Correia, Francisco Arenas, Jason Hall-Spencer

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Molecular Pathology Of Dupuytren’S Disease, Robert Pearce

Theses

The eponymous progressive palmar fibromatosis described by Guillaume Dupuytren in 1831 is a common and debilitating disease with limited treatment options and high rates of recurrence after intervention. Dupuytren’s disease has been generally accepted as predominantly affecting Northern European individuals; Dupuytren’s disease is sometimes referred to as “Vikings Disease” as an attribution to this ethnic origin. Its familial occurrence in all communities is suggestive of Mendelian inheritance as an autosomal dominant disease with incomplete penetrance. The genetic and molecular basis of Dupuytren’s disease (DD) has been the focus of many studies, with increasingly sophisticated approaches since the sequencing of the …

Mesoscopic Light Scattering Approach For Structural Disorder Analysis Of Biological Cells: Application In Cancer Diagnostics, Huda Almabadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Optical techniques are often used to study of biological cells and tissues to gain valuable information about them. Recently, the mesoscopic physics based light scattering techniques have provided unprecedented insight into the physical properties of biological systems. In particular, the mesoscopic light transport and light localization approaches allow to measure and quantify nano to micron scale structural alterations in the biological system. The applications of these techniques have been foreseen in efficient diseases diagnostics and therapeutic studies. Genesis and progression of diseases such as cancer is known to accompany with structural alterations in the building blocks of cells, such as …

Ischemic Stroke Is Associated With The Pro-Inflammatory Potential Of N-Glycosylated Immunoglobulin G, Di Liu, Zhongyao Zhao, Anxin Wang, Siqi Ge, Hao Wang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Qi Sun, Weijie Cao, Ming Sun, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Yong Zhou, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

Glycosylation significantly affects protein structure and function and thus participates in multiple physiologic and pathologic processes. Studies demonstrated that immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation associates with the risk factors of ischemic stroke (IS), such as aging, obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension.

Methods

The study aimed to investigate the association between IgG N-glycosylation and IS in a Chinese population. IgG glycome composition in patients with IS (n = 78) and cerebral arterial stenosis (CAS) (n = 75) and controls (n = 77) were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography.

Results

Eleven initial glycans and 10 …

Arcology, Jack Peterson

Architecture Theses

Arcology is an approximately 30,000 square foot transit center located within the Ford Site redevelopment plan in St. Paul, MN. The core concept of the project lies in its incorporation of algae, a diverse group of water-based photosynthetic organisms, into the architectural framework. By exploring the vast potential of algae to provide energy, cleanse water, sequester CO2, and create a quilted mosaic of color, Arcology showcases a vision for the future of architecture that is both functionally, and quite literally, green. In this future, algae along with further research into biological sciences, help develop a symbiotic relationship between architecture and …

From Pup To Predator: Ontogeny Of Foraging Behaviour In Grey Seal (Halichoerus Grypus) Pups, Matt Carter

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

For young animals, surviving the first year of nutritional independence requires rapid development of effective foraging behaviour before the onset of terminal starvation. Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pups are abandoned on the natal colony after a brief (15-21 days) suckling period and must learn to dive and forage without parental instruction. Regional and sex-specific differences in diet and foraging behaviour have been described for adults and juveniles, but the early-life behaviour of pups during the critical first months at sea remains poorly understood. This thesis investigates sources of intrinsic and extrinsic variation in the development of foraging behaviour and resource …

Synthesis Of Heterocycles Through Beta Lactams Ring Rupture, Bimal K. Banik

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Many Beta lactams are widely used as medicines. The 4-membered ring present in the beta lactams is under strain and therefore, it can undergo cleavage reactions to diverse compounds. Chemical manipulation of the resulting products affords numerous molecules of interest. In this perspective, some examples developed at our laboratory are discussed

Versatile Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenations In Organic Synthesis, Bimal K. Banik, Khaled J. Barakat, Maghar S. Manhas

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation reactions are extremely useful in organic synthesis. We have investigated numerous reactions with ammonium formate (and other hydrogen gas donor) and 10% Pd/C successfully without using hydrogen gas. The reactions are very fast and produced products with high yields. Reduction of unsaturated groups, hydrogenolysis, reductive bond cleavage, allylic deacetoxylation, and dehalogenation are conducted using this method. In some instances, useful selectivity of reactions is observed. Most of the reactions are investigated with β-lactams as the substrates.

Stereoselectivity Of Phthalimido Β-Lactams Formation: Synthesis Of 3-Amino Β-Lactams Through A Facile Deprotection Reaction, Armando Paniagua, Ram Naresh Yadav, Sunena Chandra, Bimal K. Banik

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Synthesis of amino β-lactams is a crucial objective because of the medicinal properties associated with them and the products derived from of them. Stereocontrolled synthesis of phthalimido β-lactams is performed and cis and trans-phthalimido β-lactams are deprotected with ethylene diamine (and other reagents) to amino β-lactams of diverse structures in excellent yield. This reaction is also conducted under solventless conditions to afford identical products.

Plant-Parasitic Nematodes In Field Pea And Potato And Their Effect On Plant Growth And Yield, Arjun Upadhaya

Plant Pathology

In this study, surveys were conducted in pea and potato fields in North Dakota and Central Minnesota to investigate the incidence and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes in these fields. Moreover, the effect of the pin nematode, Paratylenchus nanus, on plant growth and yield of six field pea cultivars was determined under greenhouse conditions. Similarly, the influence of lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, and wilt fungi, Fusarium oxysporum alone and together on growth and yield of potato cultivar ‘Red Norland’, was evaluated in microplots under field conditions. The results indicate Paratylenchus spp. and Pratylenchus spp. are the most frequent nematodes, respectively, in …

Evaluating Mechanisms Of Metastasis Of Prostate Cancer To Bone Using 3d Bone-Mimetic Tissue Engineered Scaffolds, Md Shahjahan Molla

Materials and Nanotechnology

The complex nature of cancer metastasis necessitates the development of a cancer model based on specific metastatic stages. In this dissertation, we report a polymer-nanoclay based in vitro tumor model which recapitulates early stage of prostate cancer skeletal metastasis. A unique cell culture system termed as ‘sequential culture’ has been applied to create a bone-mimetic niche for colonization of prostate cancer cells. Sequentially cultured MDA PCa 2b cells with MSCs formed self-organized multicellular tumoroids with distinct tight cellular junctions and hypoxic core regions. Further, the sequentially cultured PC-3 cell formed multicellular tumoroid like clusters. We performed immunocytochemical confocal microscopy, qRT-PCR, …

Chlamydia Pneumoniae: An Etiologic Agent For Late-Onset Dementia, Brian J. Balin Phd, Christine Hammond, Christopher S. Little, Susan Hingley, Zein Al-Atrache, Denah Appelt, Judith A Whittum-Hudson, Alan P Hudson

PCOM Scholarly Works

The disease known as late-onset Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition recognized as the single most common form of senile dementia. The condition is sporadic and has been attributed to neuronal damage and loss, both of which have been linked to the accumulation of protein deposits in the brain. Significant progress has been made over the past two decades regarding our overall understanding of the apparently pathogenic entities that arise in the affected brain, both for early-onset disease, which constitutes approximately 5% of all cases, as well as late-onset disease, which constitutes the remainder of cases. Observable neuropathology includes: neurofibrillary …

Scalable And Physiologically Relevant Microenvironments For Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Expansion And Differentiation, Qiang Li, Haishuang Lin, Qian Du, Kan Liu, Ou Wang, Catelyn Evans, Hannah Christian, Chi Zhang, Yuguo Lei

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are required in large numbers for various biomedical applications. However, the scalable and cost-effective culturing of high quality hPSCs and their derivatives remains very challenging. Here, we report a novel and physiologically relevant 3D culture system (called the AlgTube cell culture system) for hPSC expansion and differentiation. With this system, cells are processed into and cultured in microscale alginate hydrogel tubes that are suspended in the cell culture medium in a culture vessel. The hydrogel tubes protect cells from hydrodynamic stresses in the culture vessel and limit the cell mass smaller than 400 μmin diameter …

Many Paths Toward Discovery: A Module For Teaching How Science Works, Rebecca M. Price, Kathryn E. Perez

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Improving students' understanding of how science works requires explicit instruction. Here, we test the efficacy of a module based on two previously published activities (the "Cube Puzzle" and the case study "Asteroids and Dinosaurs") that teach how science works to college science majors. Students also use the How Science Works Flowchart from Understanding Science (http://undsci.berkeley. edu/) to reflect on these activities. To assess the efficacy of this module, we asked students to illustrate the process of science before and after the intervention. After the intervention, students' diagrams were significantly more complex and nonlinear. Students also incorporated more social aspects of …

The Choroid Plexus Is An Important Circadian Clock Component, Jihwan Myung, Christoph Schmal, Sungho Hong, Yoshiaki Tsukizawa, Pia Rose, Yong Zhang, Michael J. Holtzman, Erik De Schutter, Hanspeter Herzel, Grigory Bordyugov, Toru Takumi

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

High‐Affinity Interactions And Signal Transduction Between Aβ Oligomers And Trem2, Christian B. Lessard, Samuel L. Malnik, Yingyue Zhou, Thomas B. Ladd, Pedro E. Cruz, Yong Ran, Thomas E. Mahan, Paramita Charabaty, David M. Holtzman, Jason D. Ulrich, Marco Colonna, Todd E. Golde

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Gon4l Regulates Notochord Boundary Formation And Cell Polarity Underlying Axis Extension By Repressing Adhesion Genes, Margot L. K. Williams, Atsushi Sawada, Terin Budine, Chunyue Yin, Paul Gontarz, Lilianna Solnica-Krezel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Cassiopea Xamachana Presence In Jellyfish Bay, In The Loxahatchee River, May Be Attributed To Anthropogenic Disturbances, Kristene Bonilla

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2010 - 2019

Increases in jellyfish blooms worldwide have been linked to synergistic effects of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances. Cassiopea sp. are epibenthic jellyfish found in significantly higher densities and larger in size in areas that have high human populations. This study quantified the spatial and class-size distribution of Cassiopea xamachana in the Loxahatchee River, in an area referred to as Jellyfish Bay, by analyzing bell diameters and abundance, percent of submerged aquatic vegetation, and nutrient levels to determine if anthropogenic factors play a role in their presence there. Porewater samples from the bay had higher phosphorous levels compared to the rest …

First-Principles Investigation Of The Interfacial Properties Of Boron Nitride, Kevin Waters

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The interactions of nanomaterial surfaces with biological compounds, e.g. proteins, DNA, etc., unites the biological regime and nanomaterial world. Hybrid systems of boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) and biological compounds are well-suited for a broad range of applications. First-principles methods are used to characterize the interface of these hybrid systems. Previous work has shown that the sensing capabilities of pristine BNNT are limited by long-ranged interactions. In this study the surfaces of pristine and functionalized BNNTs are investigated. The surfaces of the functionalized BNNTs give new properties to the tubes, which may enhance their sensing capabilities, while retaining their stability and chemical …

New Developments Of Dimension Reduction, Lei Huo

Doctoral Dissertations

"Variable selection becomes more crucial than before, since high dimensional data are frequently seen in many research areas. Many model-based variable selection methods have been developed. However, the performance might be poor when the model is mis-specified. Sufficient dimension reduction (SDR, Li 1991; Cook 1998) provides a general framework for model-free variable selection methods.

In this thesis, we first propose a novel model-free variable selection method to deal with multi-population data by incorporating the grouping information. Theoretical properties of our proposed method are also presented. Simulation studies show that our new method significantly improves the selection performance compared with those …

Agent Based Modeling For Simulation Of Microbial Community, Noah Daniel Tekeste

Computer Science

Agent based modeling uses interacting agents and a governing rule to understand a complex phenomenon. It is an important mode of inquiry in the field of life sciences. For this paper a Haploid Evolutionary Constructor (HEC) tool was used for modeling and simulation of two sample models. The model samples were analyzed under the same and varying level of specific and non-specific substrates. In the first part of each experiment, the survival rate of the models was examined based on the model’s inputs and outputs. However, since close association of microbes enhances the probability of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) between …

Poultry Industry, Allen Szalanski

Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Cimicids, and particularly the Common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., can infest poultry houses and cause severe cutaneous reactions in the birds as wellas other clinical effects. This chapter discusses some cimicids that have been documented as pests of poultry, including: the Mexican chicken bug, Haematosiphon inodorus (Duges); the Brazilian chicken bug, Ornithocoris toledoi Pinto; the related species, Ornithcorus pallidus Usinger; and and the Tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.).