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Aspects Of White-Tailed Deer Ecology And Management: Effects Of Imidacloprid And An Evaluation Of Management At Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Elise Hughes Berheim

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

White-tail deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are an economically and recreationally important species throughout their range, and understanding their ecology to implement beneficial management techniques is invaluable. This thesis focused on two studies 1) the effect of Imidacloprid on adult female and fawn physiology and 2) an evaluation of techniques to monitor white-tailed deer at Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (GSNWR). Imidacloprid, a widely-used pesticide, has been linked to lethal and sub-lethal effects in insects and small vertebrates, however, no research has been conducted on white-tailed deer. Twenty captive pregnant adult female and subsequent fawns housed at the South Dakota …

Impacts On Salmonid Rearing Performance With Use Of Dietary Bioprocessed Plant-Based Protein And Water Velocity, Jill Voorhees

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The inclusion of bioprocessed soybean (Glycine max) meal was evaluated in five experiments using either Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) or Brown Trout (Salmo trutta). In the first experiment, adult Erwin x Arlee strain Rainbow Trout were fed diets formulated so that bioprocessed soybean meal (BSM) replaced 0, 60, or 80% of the dietary fishmeal. There were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, intestinal morphology, relative fin lengths, or organosomatic indices. In the second experiment, juvenile Plymouth strain Brown Trout were fed diets formulated so that BSM replaced 0, 60, 80, or 100% of …

Quantifying The Short-Term Impacts Of Cover Crops And Grazing On Soil Health Under An Integrated Crop-Livestock System In South Dakota, Vishal Seth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cover crops and grazing under Integrated Crop-Livestock System (ICLS) can impact the rhizosphere nutrient cycling and may have potential to increase the long-term sustainability and economic profitability of agricultural production system. In South Dakota, crop production practices and livestock husbandry are both common which provide the opportunity for ICLS to be successful in this region. However, little is known about the impacts of the cover crops and grazing under ICLS on soil properties in this region. The present study was conducted at South Dakota State University Research Farm (44°20'34.8"N, 96°48'14.8"W), Brookings, SD, to quantify the impacts of cover crops and …

Land Use Change Sustainability And Carbon Turnover Rate In The Northern Great Plains Soil, Deepak Raj Joshi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sustainable land management involves the management of land, water, biodiversity and other resources that meet human requirements while maintaining ecosystem services. In the northern Great Plains (NGP), the combined impacts of landuse and climate variability have placed many soils at the tipping point of sustainability. The objectives of this study were to: 1) calculate land-use changes from 2006 to 2012 and from 2012 to 2014 in South Dakota and Nebraska; 2) assess if land use changes had impacted on soil sustainability; 3) calculate variation in total carbon budget and turnover due to seasonal climate variability, biomass quality and soil properties; …

Palmer Amaranth In South Dakota: Growth, Herbicidal Control, And Soybean Yield Loss, Brian Van De Stroet

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth is a growing concern in the United States. Previously thought to only be able to occupy the southern United States, this plant can now be found throughout the northern states as well. Infestations of Palmer amaranth can now be found in South Dakota and is raising many concerns. Palmer amaranth is characterized by large growth and can be highly competitive with many important crops. Soybean is an important crop in South Dakota, as well as the rest of the world, and has not escaped the detrimental aspects of an infestation of Palmer amaranth. The objectives of this study …

Surveillance Of South Dakota Mosquito Abundance, Infection Rate, And Insecticide Susceptibility, Geoffrey P. Vincent

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this dissertation was to survey and evaluate the abundance, infection rate, and insecticide susceptibility of mosquito fauna present in South Dakota. Mosquito surveillance has been conducted across South Dakota to record and track potential West Nile virus (WNV) vectors from 2004 to 2017. The nuisance mosquito Aedes vexans was found to be the most abundant species overall in the state and most abundant in many of the regions. The WNV vector, Culex tarsalis, was found to be the second most abundant mosquito and the most abundant vector mosquito across the state. However, geospatial variation did exist between …

Adaptive Interventions Treatment Modelling And Regimen Optimization Using Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trials (Smart) And Q-Learning, Abiral Baniya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nowadays, pharmacological practices are focused on a single best treatment to treat a disease which sounds impractical as the same treatment may not work the same way for every patient. Thus, there is a need of shift towards more patient-centric rather than disease-centric approach, in which personal characteristics of a patient or biomarkers are used to determine the tailored optimal treatment. The “one size fits all” concept is contradicted by research area of personalized medicine. The Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) is a multi-stage trials to inform the development of dynamic treatment regimens (DTR’s). In SMART, a subject is …

Daily Pork Consumption As A Part Of The Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension Diet Influences Body Composition And Preserves Muscle Mass In Older Adults Consuming Controlled Intakes, Alyssa Anne Kauffman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that muscular fitness is preserved in older adults who consumed pork daily as a part of the DASH dietary pattern. A controlled feeding pilot study was used to test this. Eight healthy older men and women were randomly assigned to consume either 3 ounces or 6 ounces of pork daily as a part of the DASH diet for a total of 12 weeks. Indicators of muscle mass, strength, and function were assessed at five time points (weeks 0, 3, 6, 9, 12) throughout the 12 weeks. A seven day cyclical …

Low Power Wide Area Networks (Lpwan): Technology Review And Experimental Study On Mobility Effect, Dhaval Patel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the past decade, we have witnessed explosive growth in the number of low-power embedded and Internet-connected devices, reinforcing the new paradigm, Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices like smartphones, home security systems, smart electric meters, garage parking indicators, etc., have penetrated deeply into our daily lives. These IoT devices are increasingly attached and operated in mobile objects like unmanned vehicles, trains, airplanes, etc. The low power wide area network (LPWAN), due to its long-range, low-power and low-cost communication capability, is actively considered by academia and industry as the future wireless communication standard for IoT. However, despite the increasing popularity …

Identification Of Qtl Modifying The Activity Of The Tcb1-S Locus And Characterization And Sequencing Of Two Plutonium-Beryllium Induced Reduced Gametophyte Transmission Mutants In Maize, Merritt Bryer Burch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is split into two independent projects both involving the male gametophyte generation of maize. The first project looks at how pollen interacts with the female gametophyte to reduce its transmission in cross-incompatible reactions controlled by the unilateral cross-incompatibility system, teosinte crossing barrier 1. The second project explores two plutonium-beryllium induced male gametophyte mutants and attempts to uncover their genetic basis.

Identification of QTL Modifying the Activity of the Tcb1-s Locus
Teosinte crossing barrier 1 (Tcb1) is a unilateral cross-incompatibility system present in maize that provides a pre-zygotic pistil barrier to plants carrying Tcb1-s (strong allele) from pollen …

Effects Of Yogurt Fortification With Different Legumes Protein On The Physio-Chemical, Microbiological, And Rheological Properties, Prachi Pahariya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nowadays, yogurt (a nutritious fermented dairy product) is getting popular around all over the world due to beneficial action provided by bacteria present in yogurt culture. Along with that, diet plans, which are high in protein and low in fat, has become appealing for growing healthy conscious population that makes a huge shift toward plantbased protein consumption. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to study the effects of yogurt fortification with extracted protein of different beans (legumes)- pinto and kidney beans on the physio-chemical (Moisture, Fat, Protein, Ash, Total Solids Content (TSC), pH, Titratable Acidity (TA), Water Holding …

Dissecting Rna Silencing Pathways In Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Pauline Mochama

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

RNA silencing, also known as RNA interference, is an essential mechanism in plants, animals and fungi that functions in gene regulation and defense against foreign nucleic acids. In fungi, RNA silencing has been shown to function primarily in defense against invasive nucleic acids. RNA-silencing- deficient fungi show increased susceptibility to virus infection. Plant pathogenic fungi also utilize RNA silencing to silence plant host immunity genes through the delivery of fungal small RNAs into plants. This cross-kingdom RNA silencing facilitates fungal infection of plants. Overall, these findings demonstrate the significant contributions of fungal RNA silencing pathways to fungal virulence and viral …

Statistical Algorithms And Bioinformatics Tools Development For Computational Analysis Of High-Throughput Transcriptomic Data, Adam Mcdermaid

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Next-Generation Sequencing technologies allow for a substantial increase in the amount of data available for various biological studies. In order to effectively and efficiently analyze this data, computational approaches combining mathematics, statistics, computer science, and biology are implemented. Even with the substantial efforts devoted to development of these approaches, numerous issues and pitfalls remain. One of these issues is mapping uncertainty, in which read alignment results are biased due to the inherent difficulties associated with accurately aligning RNA-Sequencing reads. GeneQC is an alignment quality control tool that provides insight into the severity of mapping uncertainty in each annotated gene from …

Quantifying Potential Long-Term Changes In Erosion, Discharge, And Total Suspended Solids Resulting From Agricultural Land Use Change In South Dakota, Hector Manuel Menendez Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

South Dakota is a mosaic of grasslands, wetlands, and cropland. A continuing shift from grassland to cropland has occurred over the past decade and is expected for the next 50 years. Rate of future conversion may vary greatly in response to regulatory, economic, and social factors. Concern has risen over environmental consequences associated with land conversion, which include but are not limited to changes in rill and sheet erosion rates from cultivated soils, stream and river discharge, and water quality. Quantifying future changes for these three externalities is important to understand the possible long-term consequences of complex grassland conversion decisions …

Replication, Virulence, And Pathogenesis Of Influenza Viruses, Chithra Chembil Sreenivasan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Influenza D virus (IDV) is a novel influenza virus that infects cattle and swine, with cattle as its primary host species. The goal of our first study was to investigate the replication and transmission of bovine IDV in guinea pigs. Following direct intranasal inoculation of animals, the virus was detected in nasal washes of infected animals during the first 7 days post-infection. High viral titers were obtained from nasal turbinates and lung tissues of directly inoculated animals. Further, bovine IDV was able to transmit from the infected guinea pigs to sentinel animals by means of contact and not by aerosol …

Biomechanics Of The Peafowl’S Crest Reveals Frequencies Tuned To Social Displays, Suzanne Amador Kane, Daniel Van Beveren '20, Roslyn Dakin

Physics Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Experimental Investigation Of Impurities And Their Effect On Acousto-Electric Properties Of Lithium Niobate, Chandrima Chatterjee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Acidic Conditions And Tannins On The Survival, Development, And Behavior Of Cope’S Gray Treefrog (Hyla Chrysoscelis), Caleb E. Dodd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As amphibians decline around the world, freshwater acidification resulting from pollutants and acid rain may be a contributor. The ability of organisms to cope with environmental changes is greatly mediated by behavior, and recent studies indicate that anthropogenic acidification impairs behavioral responses by impacting olfactory abilities of aquatic organisms. Responding appropriately to novel stimuli is important for individual performance and survival, and pollutants may cause organisms to behave maladaptively. In this study I sought to: a) determine whether the oviposition site choices of adult female frogs correspond with the pH and tannin conditions that maximize tadpole survival and performance in …

Leaping Behavior In Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix): Analysis Of Burst Swimming Speeds, Angle Of Escape, Height, And Distance Of Leaps, Ehlana Stell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Silver Carp have rapidly expanded their range exploiting vulnerable habitats, disrupting fisheries, and inflicting unknown ecological damage. These fish have continued to spread into the Middle Mississippi River and the Tennessee River Valley and great effort is being expended to prevent Silver Carp from entering the Great Lakes and expanding further into the Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, and Tennessee Rivers. Using boat-mounted cameras, we recorded in situ video of invasive Silver Carp, Hypopthalmichthys molitrix leaps to measure their horizontal distance, height, and angle of escape as well as their burst speed. Video tapes of fish leaps were obtained from populations of …

Impacts And Implications Of Polytypism On The Evolution Of Aposematic Coloration, Justin Philip Lawrence

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aposematic signaling is a comdefensive strategy whereby prey species use conspicuous signals (i.e., bright coloration) to warn predators of the risks of predation due to a secondary defense. Theoretical, lab, and field experiments have demonstrated that individuals who project novel conspicuous signals should experience disproportionately high predation pressure as predators will not associate novel signals with a secondary defense. Thus, aposematic signaling should be subject to strong positive frequency-dependent selection (FDS). Numerous species show considerable intrapopulation variation (polymorphism) in direct conflict with the expectations of FDS. Interpopulation variation (polytypism) can adhere to expectations of FDS, but as its origins likely …

Sillage, Brooke Alexander

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The blurry, the dark, shadoplaces hidden and dwelling amongst the certainty steal my attention. Such places can communicate a vast sense of both time and setting, can convey that which is both occurring and that which is past. I do not think those spaces can be explicitly defined. They are reflections and explorations of the figures’ minds, providing a place for both their physical bodies and their thoughts to live. The paintings that compose Sillage communicate a space that requires engagement and that is not readily understood. The painted area changes as it invites and rejects visual entry. These ambiguous …

The Slippery Slope Between Falling And Recovering: An Examination Of Sensory And Somatic Factors Influencing Recovery After A Slip, Samuel J. Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Slips and falls account for large rates of injury and mortality in multiple populations. During an unexpected slip, sensory mechanisms are responsible for signaling the slip to the central nervous system, and a series of corrective responses is generated to arrest the slip and prevent a fall. While previous research has examined the corrective responses elicited, the answer of how these systems break down during a fall remains elusive. Purpose: To examine differences in postural control (slip detection), lower extremity corrective responses (slip recovery), and cortical control of the slip recovery response between individuals who fall and those who …

Paper Chase: Perceptions Of The Pursuit Of Academic Scholarly Productivity Among Faculty Writing Group Participants, Deidra Jackson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This autoethnography uses the researcher’s personal journey from professional writer to emergent academic scholar to examine the perceptions of the frequent pursuit of academic scholarly productivity among faculty writing group (FWG) participants. The case study, based at a Southeastern U.S. research-intensive university, adds to extensive analyses of FWGs as a means of faculty development that positively influences the frequency of scholarly work; it is significant because unlike most studies on FWGs, this study focuses on understanding more deeply the sway that “publish or perish” directives hold on FWG participants, delving into faculty reactions to academe’s explicit pressures that professors regularly …

The Relationship Between Note-Taking Method And Grade Point Average When Controlling For Act Score And Self-Regulation Ability In Undergraduate Students, Donna Lee Gurley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A sample of 130 students from a mid-sized research university in the southern United States were asked questions about their note-taking practices, particularly about the percentage of classes in which they had taken notes on a laptop for both the previous semester and for their entire undergraduate career. Note-taking method was then entered as an independent variable along with composite ACT score and each students' score on the Self Regulation Survey (SRS) (Schwarzer, Diehl, & Schmitz, 1999) into a multiple regression analysis to determine the extent to which there is a relationship between note-taking method and grade point average. No …

Functionality And Role Of Different Fatty Alcohols In Topical O/W Cream Formulation, Supriya Bhide

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fatty alcohols are excipients that are abundantly used in various pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating different fatty alcohols on microstructural and formulation characteristics of topical o/w clotrimazole cream formulation. The formulations containing different fatty alcohols as Kolliwax® CSA 50 (CSA 50), Kolliwax® CSA 70 (CSA 70), Kolliwax® MA (MA), Kolliwax® CA (CA), Kolliwax® SA (SA) were prepared by selecting suitable RPM and homogenization time. The M.P. of API and fatty alcohols were determined using DSC technique. The prepared cream formulations were evaluated for their phase separation. The various tests like …

Analysis Of Prehistoric Ceramics From A Fourteenth-Century Native American House, Carter Robinson Site (44le10), Lee County, Virginia, Emily J. Warner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chiefdoms located on the frontier of the Mississippian world have not been examined in great detail, yet they have the potential to provide evidence for the emergence of hierarchy and the interaction of hierarchical and egalitarian societies. Frontiers can help identify the emergence and maintenance of power in southeastern chiefdoms. Carter Robinson (44le10) is a frontier site that can help understand the degree of interaction between hierarchical and non-hierarchical groups nearby. This thesis will analyze the ceramics at structure 6 based on the 2015 excavation at Carter Robinson located in Lee County, Virginia. The use of attribute and morphological analyses …

Sitaraman's Mistaken Case For The Middle-Class Constitution, Richard A. Epstein

Faculty Articles

Review of Ganesh Sitaraman's The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution: Why Economic Inequality Threatens Our Republic.

The (Not So) New Law Of The Child, Martin Guggenheim

Faculty Articles

This is a response to the recently published article by Anne Dailey and Laura Rosenbury in the Yale Law Journal entitled The New Law of the Child. My principal response is three-fold. As much as I appreciate the effort to search for a new law of the child, in several ways, I believe these authors have failed to provide a satisfactory one. First, in their criticism of what they call “the authorities framework,” by which they mean American law that relegates most of the prominent decisions regarding children’s upbringing to parents, Dailey and Rosenbury end up proposing a substitute or …

Why Art Does Not Need Copyright, Amy M. Adler

Faculty Articles

This Article explores the escalating battles between visual art and copyright law in order to upend the most basic assumptions on which copyright protection for visual art is grounded. It is a foundational premise of intellectual property law that copyright is necessary for the “progress” of the arts. This Article demonstrates that this premise is flatly wrong when it comes to visual art. United States courts and scholars have come to understand copyright law almost universally in utilitarian terms; by this account, the reason we grant copyright to authors is to give them economic incentives to create culturally valuable works. …

The Black Police: Policing Our Own, Devon W. Carbado, L. Song Richardson

Faculty Articles

The problem of police violence against African Americans is a salient feature of nationwide discussions about race. Separate from whether racialized policing against African Americans is, in fact, a social phenomenon, is the contestable question about solutions: Assuming that African Americans are indeed the victims of overpolicing, what can we do about it? The answers range from abolishing police officers altogether, to training them, to diversifying police departments. We focus on the diversification of police departments in this essay. Drawing on empirical, historical, and theoretical literatures, we examine how, if at all, black police officers’ race might shape how they …