Digital Commons Network^™

Changes In The Timber Industry As A Catalyst For Linguistic Change, Joseph A. Stanley

Faculty Publications

Researchers have noticed the linguistic consequences of major social events in a community. Events that cause dramatic changes in demographics or sudden exposure to a new varieties such as World War II (Bailey et al. 1996), the rapid increase of island tourism (Wolfram, Hazen & Schilling-Estes 1999), or the start of daily trips to the mainland (Schilling 2017) often lead to the rapid spread of innovative linguistic variables and the recession of traditional features (cf. Herold 1990; Johnson 2010). The effects of these “catastrophic events” are typical of external factors in language change (Labov 2001). In this paper, I show …

Eastern Ohio Shale & Housing Dashboard - January 1, 2017, Iryna Lendel, Kathryn W. Hexter, Charlie Post, Nick Downer, Nate Hoover, Sydney Martis

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Richmond Law Magazine: Summer 2017, University Of Richmond

Richmond Law Magazine

Features:

Destination Education

Land of the Lawyers

The Case for Clemency

Axially Uniform Magnetic Field-Modulation Excitation For Electron Paramagnetic Resonance In Rectangular And Cylindrical Cavities By Slot Cutting, Jason Walter Sidabras, James Richie, James S. Hyde

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

In continuous-wave (CW) Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) a low-frequency time-harmonic magnetic field, called field modulation, is applied parallel to the static magnetic field and incident on the sample. Varying amplitude of the field modulation incident on the sample has consequences on spectral line-shape and line-height over the axis of the sample. Here we present a method of coupling magnetic field into the cavity using slots perpendicular to the sample axis where the slot depths are designed in such a way to produce an axially uniform magnetic field along the sample. Previous literature typically assumes a uniform cross-section and axial excitation …

The Genesis: A Symphonic Work And Analysis, Max Keller

Faculty Publications

The biblical account of creation found in the Book of Genesis is known to billions around the world through its proclamation by multiple religions and numerous denominations. As such it is embedded in many cultures, especially that of the Western civilization and art. This article contains all but two of the movements, three and six, of Max Keller’s analysis of his multi-movement symphonic work The Genesis. The work sought to be a musical expression of the creation narrative found in the Book of Genesis, with direct correlations to the original Hebrew text. As such, the analysis takes an in-depth look …

Measuring Presence: Hypothetical Quantitative Framework, Krzysztof Szczurowski, Matt Smith

Conference papers

Virtual Reality Head - Mounted Display (HMD) manufacturers claim that consumer electronics can finally deliver a high degree of presence in virtual and remote environments. Certainly, current consumer-grade HMD systems offer rich and coherent mediated experiences of such environments. However, the very concept of presence is still a subject of debate, and researchers' investigation of the phenomenon of `presence' is based primarily on qualitative (i.e. questionnaire-based) assessments. Some researchers attempted to develop real-time, quantitative methods to facilitate more objective investigation of presence in mediated environments. Most such methodologies are derived from attempts to correlate presence with cardiovascular and electrodermal activity …

Multiparty Computations In Varying Contexts, Paul Laird, Sarah Jane Delany, Pierpaolo Dondio

Conference papers

Recent developments in the automatic transformation of protocols into Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC) interactions, and the selection of appropriate schemes for their implementation have improved usabililty of SMC. Poor performance along with data leakage or errors caused by coding mistakes and complexity had hindered SMC usability. Previous practice involved integrating the SMC code into the application being designed, and this tight integration meant the code was not reusable without modification. The progress that has been made to date towards the selection of different schemes focuses solely on the two-party paradigm in a static set-up, and does not consider changing contexts. …

A Comparison Of Automatic Search Query Enhancement Algorithms That Utilise Wikipedia As A Source Of A Priori Knowledge, Kyle Goslin, Markus Hofmann

Conference papers

This paper describes the benchmarking and analysis of five Automatic Search Query Enhancement (ASQE) algorithms that utilise Wikipedia as the sole source for a priori knowledge. The contributions of this paper include: 1) A comprehensive review into current ASQE algorithms that utilise Wikipedia as the sole source for a priori knowledge; 2) benchmarking of five existing ASQE algorithms using the TREC-9 Web Topics on the ClueWeb12 data set and 3) analysis of the results from the benchmarking process to identify the strengths and weaknesses each algorithm. During the benchmarking process, 2,500 relevance assessments were performed. Results of these tests are …

Dynamic Behavior Analysis Of Android Applications For Malware Detection, Latika Singh, Markus Hofmann

Conference papers

Android is most popular operating system for smartphones and small devices with 86.6% market share (Chau 2016). Its open source nature makes it more prone to attacks creating a need for malware analysis. Main approaches for detecting malware intents of mobile applications are based on either static analysis or dynamic analysis. In static analysis, apps are inspected for suspicious patterns of code to identify malicious segments. However, several obfuscation techniques are available to provide a guard against such analysis. The dynamic analysis on the other hand is a behavior-based detection method that involves investigating the run-time behavior of the suspicious …

Green Building Business Is Booming, Richard Snow, Mary Snow

Publications

Shelter is one of life’s basic necessities. However, according to the U.S. Department of Energy, residential and commercial buildings account for nearly 40% of the total carbon dioxide (CO2) released in the United States annually [1]. The percentage is even higher in China, which leads the world in CO2 emissions from buildings. Most of this CO2 comes from burning fossil fuels to provide the energy necessary to cool, heat, and light homes, office buildings, and retail space. CO2 emissions from residential and commercials buildings are forecast to increase more than emissions from any other sector over the next 25 years. …

God Of Sense And Traditions Of Non-Sense, Denis Fortin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Power To Wage War Successfully, Matthew C. Waxman

Faculty Scholarship

A century ago and in the midst of American involvement in World War I, future Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes delivered one of the most influential lectures on the Constitution in wartime. In it he uttered his famous axiom that “the power to wage war is the power to wage war successfully.” That statement continues to echo in modern jurisprudence, though the background and details of the lecture have not previously been explored in detail. Drawing on Hughes’s own research notes, this Article examines his 1917 formulation and shows how Hughes presciently applied it to the most pressing war powers …

Applying Surrogate Species Presences To Correct Sample Bias In Species Distribution Models: A Case Study Using The Pilbara Population Of The Northern Quoll, Shaun W. Molloy, Robert A. Davis, Judy Dunlop, Eddie J.B. Van Etten

Research Datasets

Supplementary material from: Molloy SW, Davis RA, Dunlop JA, van Etten EJB (2017) Applying surrogate species presences to correct sample bias in species distribution models: a case study using the Pilbara population of the Northern Quoll. Nature Conservation 18: 27-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.18.12235

• Supplementary material 1: GIS data sets used in variable assessments and map of Pilbara vegetation systems
• Supplementary material 2: Full readout for the MaxEnt northern quoll SDM
• Supplementary material 3: Weighted mean SDMs for individual algorithms and evaluation statistics (biomod2)

Measuring The Judicial Performance Of The European Court Of Human Rights, Elizabeth Lambert Abdelgawad

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Faced with a sharp rise in the number of individual applications, the European Court of Human Rights has been forced to provide greater accountability to governments eager to downsize its budget and staff. This has resulted in the introduction of quantitative criteria, to the detriment of quality and of the service rendered to individual victims. These new management policies have admittedly reduced the number of pending cases, but they have also considerably eroded the right of individual application. The new managerial policy has definitely shaped a new Court.

A Multinational Study Distinguishing Alzheimer's And Healthy Patients Using Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau/Aβ42 Cutoff With Concordance To Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Imaging, Yi Mo, Julie Stromswold, Kimberley Wilson, Daniel Holder, Cyrille Sur, Omar Laterza, Mary J. Savage, Arie Struyk, Phillip Scheltens, Charlotte E. Teunissen, James Burke, S. Lance Macaulay, Geir Brathen, Sigrid Botne Sando, Linda R. White, Christy Weiss, Arturo Cowes, Michele M. Bush, Ganga Desilva, David G. Darby, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Jackie Surls, Eileen Sagini, Michael Tanen, Amy Altman, Johan Luthman, Michael F. Egan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction

Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and amyloid β (Aβ)42 accompany development of Alzheimer's brain pathology. Robust tau and Aβ42 immunoassays were developed to establish a tau/Aβ42 cutoff distinguishing mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects from healthy elderly control (HC) subjects.

Methods

A CSF tau/Aβ42 cutoff criteria was chosen, which distinguished the groups and maximized concordance with amyloid PET. Performance was assessed using an independent validation cohort.

Results

A tau/Aβ42 = 0.215 cutoff provided 94.8% sensitivity and 77.7% specificity. Concordance with PET visual reads was estimated at 86.9% in a ∼50% PET positive population. In the validation cohort, the cutoff …

Impact Of Uri Canonicalization On Memento Count, Mat Kelly, Lulwah M. Alkwai, Michael L. Nelson, Michele C. Weigle, Herbert Van De Sompel

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Quantifying the captures of a URI over time is useful for researchers to identify the extent to which a Web page has been archived. Memento TimeMaps provide a format to list mementos (URI-Ms) for captures along with brief metadata, like Memento-Datetime, for each URI-M. However, when some URI-Ms are dereferenced, they simply provide a redirect to a different URI-M (instead of a unique representation at the datetime), often also present in the TimeMap. This infers that confidently obtaining an accurate count quantifying the number of non-forwarding captures for a URI-R is not possible using a TimeMap alone and that the …

Modeling Beta-Traces For Beta-Barrels From Cryo-Em Density Maps, Dong Si, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has produced density maps of various resolutions. Although ά-helices can be detected from density maps at 5-8 angstrom resolutions, β-strands are challenging to detect at such density maps due to close-spacing of β-strands. The variety of shapes of β-sheets adds the complexity of β-strands detection from density maps. We propose a new approach to model traces of β-strands for β-barrel density regions that are extracted from cryo-EM density maps. In the test containing eight β-barrels extracted from experimental cryo-EM density maps at 5.5 angstrom-8.25 angstrom resolution, StrandRoller detected about 74.26% of the amino acids in the β-strands …

Homeomorphic Tetrahedralization Of Multi-Material Images With Quality And Fidelity Guarantees, Jing Xu, Andrey N. Chernikov

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present a novel algorithm for generating three-dimensional unstructured tetrahedral meshes of multi-material images. The algorithm produces meshes with high quality since it provides a guaranteed dihedral angle bound of up to 19.47° for the output tetrahedra. In addition, it allows for user-specified guaranteed bounds on the two-sided Hausdorff distance between the boundaries of the mesh and the boundaries of the materials. Moreover, the mesh boundary is proved to be homeomorphic to the object surface. The algorithm is fast and robust, it produces a sufficiently small number of mesh elements that comply with these guarantees, as compared to other software. …

An Effective Computational Method Incorporating Multiple Secondary Structure Predictions In Topology Determination For Cryo-Em Images, Abhishek Biswas, Desh Ranjan, Mohammad Zubair, Stephanie Zeil, Kamal Al Nasr, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

A key idea in de novo modeling of a medium-resolution density image obtained from cryo-electron microscopy is to compute the optimal mapping between the secondary structure traces observed in the density image and those predicted on the protein sequence. When secondary structures are not determined precisely, either from the image or from the amino acid sequence of the protein, the computational problem becomes more complex. We present an efficient method that addresses the secondary structure placement problem in presence of multiple secondary structure predictions and computes the optimal mapping. We tested the method using 12 simulated images from alpha-proteins and …

Comparing An Atomic Model Or Structure To A Corresponding Cryo-Electron Microscopy Image At The Central Axis Of A Helix, Stephanie Zeil, Julio Kovacs, Willy Wriggers, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Three-dimensional density maps of biological specimens from cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) can be interpreted in the form of atomic models that are modeled into the density, or they can be compared to known atomic structures. When the central axis of a helix is detectable in a cryo-EM density map, it is possible to quantify the agreement between this central axis and a central axis calculated from the atomic model or structure. We propose a novel arc-length association method to compare the two axes reliably. This method was applied to 79 helices in simulated density maps and six case studies using cryo-EM …

Efficient Core Utilization In A Hybrid Parallel Delaunay Meshing Algorithm On Distributed-Memory Cluster, Daming Feng, Andrey N. Chernikov, Nikos P. Chrisochoides

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Most of the current supercomputer architectures consist of clusters of nodes that are used by many clients (users). A user wants his/her job submitted in the job queue to be scheduled promptly. However, the resource sharing and job scheduling policies that are used in the scheduling system to manage the jobs are usually beyond the control of users. Therefore, in order to reduce the waiting time of their jobs, it is becoming more and more crucial for the users to consider how to implement the algorithms that are suitable to the system scheduling policies and are able to effectively and …

Homeomorphic Tetrahedral Tessellation For Biomedical Images, Jing Xu, Andrey N. Chernikov

Computer Science Faculty Publications

We present a novel algorithm for generating three-dimensional unstructured tetrahedral meshes for biomedical images. The method uses an octree as the background grid from which to build the final graded conforming meshes. The algorithm is fast and robust. It produces meshes with high quality since it provides dihedral angle lower bound for the output tetrahedra. Moreover, the mesh boundary is a geometrically and topologically accurate approximation of the object surface in the sense that it allows for guaranteed bounds on the two-sided Hausdorff distance and the homeomorphism between the boundaries of the mesh and the boundaries of the materials. The …

An Iterative Bézier Method For Fitting Beta-Sheet Component Of A Cryo-Em Density Map, Michael Poteat, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is a powerful technique to produce 3-dimensional density maps for large molecular complexes. Although many atomic structures have been solved from cryo-EM density maps, it is challenging to derive atomic structures when the resolution of density maps is not sufficiently high. Geometrical shape representation of secondary structural components in a medium-resolution density map enhances modeling of atomic structures. We compare two methods in producing surface representation of the β-sheet component of a density map. Given a 3-dimensional volume of β-sheet that is segmented from a density map, the performance of a polynomial fitting was compared with that …

Ansi/Niso Z39.99-2017 Resourcesync Framework Specification, Kevin Ruthen, Jill Emery, Mark Doyle, Mark Needleman, Sue Baughman, Evan Owens, Oliver Pesch, Mike Dicus, Nassib Nassar, Tim Auger, Amy Kirchhoff, Sally Mccallum, Diana Magnoni, Paul Swanson, Gregory Grazevich, Nara Newcomer, Gregory Grazevich, Juha Hakala, Barbara Rapp, Beverly Geckle, Carol Brent, Gary Van Overborg, Rick Burke, Kristin Antelman, Scott Bernier, Pascal Calarco, John Dove, Lucy Harrison, Peter Murray, Christine Stohn, Julie Zhu, Todd Carpenter, Bernhard Haslhofer, Richard Jones, Martin Klein, Graham Klyne, Carl Lagoze, Stuart Lewis, Peter Murray, Michael Nelson, Shlomo Sanders, Robert Sanderson, Herbert Van De Sompel, Paul Walk, Simeon Warner, Zhiwu Xie, Jeff Young

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This ResourceSync specification describes a synchronization framework for the web consisting of various capabilities that allow third-party systems to remain synchronized with a server’s evolving resources. The capabilities may be combined in a modular manner to meet local or community requirements. This specification also describes how a server should advertise the synchronization capabilities it supports and how third-party systems may discover this information. The specification repurposes the document formats defined by the Sitemap protocol and introduces extensions for them.

Avoiding Zombies In Archival Replay Using Serviceworker, Sawood Alam, Mat Kelly, Michele C. Weigle, Michael L. Nelson

Computer Science Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] A Composite Memento is an archived representation of a web page with all the page requisites such as images and stylesheets. All embedded resources have their own URIs, hence, they are archived independently. For a meaningful archival replay, it is important to load all the page requisites from the archive within the temporal neighborhood of the base HTML page. To achieve this goal, archival replay systems try to rewrite all the resource references to appropriate archived versions before serving HTML, CSS, or JS. However, an effective server-side URL rewriting is difficult when URLs are generated dynamically using JavaScript. …

A Marine Heat Wave Drives Massive Losses From The World’S Largest Seagrass Carbon Stocks, Ariane Arias-Ortiz, Oscar Serrano, Pere Masqué, Paul Lavery, Ute A. Mueller, Gary A, Kendrick, Mohammad Rozaimi, Alba Esteban, James W, Fourqurean, Núrià N. Marbà, Miquel-Angel Mateo, Kathy Murray, Michael Rule, Carlos M. Duarte

Research Datasets

The database compiles published data (in Arias-Ortiz et al., 2018) on biogeochemical characteristics (density, organic carbon, stable carbon isotopes and sediment grain size) of soils underneath seagrass meadows in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Pb-210 concentrations of the first 20 cm are included along with C-14 raw ages. The dataset compiles data for a total of 49 cores, 25 - 300 cm-long (11 cores with Pb-210 and C-14 data).

The Impossible Quest - Problems With Diligent Search For Orphan Works, Simone Schroff, Marcella Favale, Aura Bertoni

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Digital technologies allow unprecedented preservation and sharing of world-wide cultural heritage. Public and private players are increasingly entering the scene with mass digitisation projects that will make this possible. In Europe, legislative action has been taken to allow cultural institutions to include in their online collections copyright works whose owner is either unknown or non-locatable (‘Orphan Works’). However, according to the Orphan Works Directive, cultural institutions need to attempt to locate the owner of a work before using it. This is the so-called ‘Diligent Search’ requirement.This paper provides an empirical analysis of the conditions under which a Diligent Search can …

Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Presentation And Disease Location, Danish Abdul Aziz, Maryum Moin, Atif Majeed, Kamran Sadiq, Abdul Gaffar Biloo

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To determine different clinical presentationsand disease location demarcatedby upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopyand relevant histopathologyin children diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Methods: This is 5 years (2010 to 2015) retrospective studyconducted at the Aga Khan University Hospitalenrolling65admitted children between 6 months to 15years from either gender, diagnosed with IBD on clinical presentation, endoscopy and biopsy. Different clinical presentations at the time of diagnosis were noted in different categories of the disease. All patients underwent upper and lower (up to the terminal ileum) endoscopy with multiple punch biopsies and histologic assessment of mucosal specimens. All endoscopies were done by …

Journey From Black To Pink Gums: Management Of Melanin Induced Physiological Gingival Hyper Pigmentation, Huma Farid, Muhammad Saad Shinwari, Farhan Raza Khan, Farzin Tanwir

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Smile is an expression of happiness, self-confidence, kindness and beauty. Along with teeth and lips, gingiva is also a vital component of smile. Melanin induced gingival hyper pigmentation may appear un-aesthetic especially when it is associated with high smile line, upper anterior labial segment and is uneven in appearance. It affects individuals from all races. Generally, it is believed that melanin induced gingival hyper pigmentation is confined to individuals from dark races. But studies have shown that Iranian, Indian, Italian, Arabian, Greek. German, French, Japanese, Chinese, Jewish, Thai, Malaysian and other ethnic groups also display clinical gingival pigmentation.1 Gingival …

As A Matter Of Fact, No: Appellate Jurisdiction To Review Denials Of Deferral Of Removal Under The Convention Against Torture, Sarah M. Vogt

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.