Digital Commons Network^™

Towards A Continuous Assessment Of Cognitive Workload For Smartphone Multitasking Users, Angel Jimenez-Molina, Hernan Lira

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The intermeshing of Smartphone interactions and daily activities depletes the availability of cognitive resources. This excessive demand may lead to several undesirable cognitive states, which can be avoided by continuously assessing the user cognitive workload. Recently, many attempts have emerged to assess this workload by using psycho physiological signals. This paper provides evidence that it is possible to train models that accurately identify in short time windows such cognitive workload by processing heart rate and blood oxygen saturation signals. This assessment could be applied in Smartphone notification delivery, interface adaptations or cognitive capabilities evaluation.

Human Performance Modelling In Manufacturing: Mental Workload And Task Complexity, Maria Chiara Leva, Lorenzo Comberti, Micaela Demichela, Rebecca Duane

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

No abstract provided.

Distress And Worry As Mediators In The Relationship Between Psychosocial Risks And Upper Body Musculosketal Complaints In Highly Automated Manufacturing, Fiona Wixted, Leonard O'Sullivan

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

As a result of an upward trend in automation, the requirement for supervisory monitoring and consequently, cognitive demand has increased in automated manufacturing. The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders has also increased in the manufacturing sector. A model was developed based on survey data to test if distress and worry mediate the relationship between psychosocial factors (job control, cognitive demand, social isolation and skill discretion), stress states and upper body musculoskeletal complaints in highly automated manufacturing companies (n=235). Cognitive demand was shown to be related to higher distress in employees. The data raise the question about the link between job control …

Moving Between Automated And Manual Driving: Mental Workload And Performance Implications, Totsapon Butmee, Terry C. Lansdown

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

Automated driving has been predicted to take-over from manual vehicle control in the near future. The driver’s role may then change from active operator to passive observer. Such technology offers the tantalising promise of improving driving safety. However, many studies have presented findings suggesting potentially adverse effects from automated driving systems, e.g., reduced situation awareness. Mental workload is also a key issue of concern for researchers in this area. Excessive mental workload has repeatedly been shown to be associated with degraded driving performance. Previously, most traffic psychology studies on mental workload have focused the manual driving task. However, a shift …

Managing Operator Mental Workload With Standards Based Decision Support, Maurice Wilkins

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

H-Workload 2017: The first international symposium on human mental workload, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland, June 28-30.

Smart Workload Balancing, Ferdinand Coster

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The cognitive workload of operators working with automated systems should neither be too high nor too low. A static level of automation is unable to cope with systems that produce large fluctuations in cognitive workload, therefore a method for adaptive automation is proposed that could balance workload by intelligently choosing what to automate and when. To this end the concept of the Cognitive Workload Value factor is introduced, which takes into account both workload and situation awareness. This initial work introduces a possible framework for categorizing and using different workload and situation awareness measures.

How Useful Are Carboard Mock-Ups: The Use Of Different Levels Of Simulation Fidelity In Assessing Signallers' Workload, Andrew Marshall, James Murphy

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

Two techniques were utilised: the Bedford Scale and the NASA TLX. Assessments were made with two levels of fidelity. The first used a busy 15 minute scenario with seven different failure conditions using paper based layouts of the new signalling system. The second used a three dimensional representation of the proposed signal box layout for a busy one hour scenario. A key finding was that the new box could be run by two signallers with acceptable levels of workload, even with minor failures. A number of changes to the layout were proposed based on the experience of an hour's simulation. …

Facing Human Workload: The Resilient Ego: A Psychoanalytic Point Of View, Glauco Maria Genga, Maria Gabriella Pediconii

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The paper aims to show new connections among Human Factors, Human Workload and Resilience. We intend: 1) to highlight the role of subject in facing the human workload, inflected as demanding tasks and emergency situations; 2) to show how psychoanalysis can provide novel insights, not only into human errors, but also into human resilience. They have a common denominator, at least in part: the role of subjective contributions even in demanding situations. Human workload includes a work for satisfaction. We recall also the case study of US Airways Flight 1549 water landing (the so called “Miracle on the Hudson”), which …

A Validated Description Of How Crew Manage Flight Operations For Two-Pilot And Reduced Crew Operations, Nick Mcdonnell, Alison Kay, Margaret Ryan, Rabea Morrison, Rolf Zon

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

This research provides a rich validated description of how crew manage workload for both two-pilot and reduced crew operations. It outlines flight operations modelling, operational narratives, requirements and scenarios validated with expert advisers from the EU-FP7 ACROSS Project. The crew are considered to be the managers of the operation who receive integrated technical support to help them manage flight operations across of three configurations i.e. 1) standard two-crew configuration, 2) reduced crew under normal operations 3) reduced-crew under non-normal operations developed within the FP7 EU-funded ACROSS (Advanced Cockpit for the Reduction Of Stress and Workload) project.

Petrochemical Plant Console Operator Workload:The Issues, David A. Strobhar

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The console operators of certain petrochemical processes must maintain high levels of performance during process upsets or endanger personnel safety and the environment. Mismanagement of an upset can result in explosions, fires, and the release of hazardous chemicals to the environment. The change in workload from steady state to upset operation is significant, with alarms and control changes that are of an order of magnitude. This paper describes the state of console activity in process plants, particularly the increase with key upsets. Quantitative data on the nature of the console operator’s position, its workload during normal operation, and the requirements …

Preliminary Analysis Of Cyberterrorism Threats To Internet Of Things (Iot) Applications, Bilge Karabacak, Mobolarinwa Balogun, Hayretdin Bahsi

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The era of Internet of Things (IoT) being a combination of various networking and computing technologies already in a state of growth that introduces a new age of data aggregation mechanism and ubiquitous connectivity among physical objects. However, the most of the cyber threats still remain unsolved and may create huge impact on our lives. One of the possible major changes in impact landscape is the imminent physical results of cyber threats as IoT technologies enable closer interactions between humans and information systems. Although the cyber threats to critical infrastructures have been highly considered by the cyber security community, the …

How To Create And Sustain Meaningful Discussions In Online Courses?, Ana-Paula Correia, Natalya Koehler

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

While taking online courses students are required to participate in online discussions. These are often mandatory activities that count towards the course final grade. Even though, in many occasions, online students find this requirement dreadful and unproductive. A case study has been conducted with a postgraduate educational technology online course at a large university in the United States. This course offers two innovative strategies to overcome this issue and concomitant evidence of effectiveness.

Formative Evaluation Of A Web-Based Multimedia Intervention To Support Learning Of Statistics, Natalya Koehler, Ana-Paula Correia, Nimet Alpay, Carolyn Levally

All Faculty and Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Compact Humidity Sensor Based On A Multi-Layer Agarose Hydrogel Coated Silica Microsphere Resonator, Arun Mallik, Yuliya Semenova, Vishnu Kavungal, Dejun Liu

Conference Papers

In this paper we report on a novel approach to implementing a compact humidity sensor that utilizes whispering gallery mode (WGM) phenomena in a silica microsphere coated with Agarose hydrogel. The spectral positions of the WGM resonances for such a sensor depend strongly on the refractive index and thickness of the coating. The WGM’s spectral shift occurs due to adsorption/desorption of the water vapor in response to changes in ambient humidity and also due to the corresponding changes of the coating thickness. We experimentally investigated the WGMs spectral shift for a 100 μm diameter silica microsphere coated with Agarose hydrogel …

Precise Flow-Control Using Photo-Actuated Hydrogel Valves And Pid-Controlled Led Actuation, Colm Delaney, Peter Mccluskey, Simon Coleman, Jeff Whyte, Nigel Kent, Dermot Diamond

Conference Papers

Herein we demonstrate remarkable control of flow within fluidic channels using photo-actuated hydrogel valves. By polymerizing the valves in situ it has been possible to create highlyreproducible valves. Through the use of an LED platform and a PID algorithm we have generated extremely accurate flow control and created prototype devices to document their potential application within the microfluidics field.

No Way To Run An “Airline”: Surviving An Air Ambulance Ride, Henry H. Perritt Jr.

Journal of Air Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Faa Waiver-Of-Sanctions Defense—Boeta Clouds The Clearing Horizons Of Inadvertent Acts, Catherine Parsley

Journal of Air Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Supplemental Home Enteral Feeding Postesophagectomy On Nutrition, Body Composition, Quality Of Life, And Patient Satisfaction, C.L. Donohoe, L.A. Healy, M. Fanning, Suzanne Doyle, A. Mchugh, J. Moore, N. Ravi, J.V. Reynolds

Articles

The aim of this prospective cohort study is to analyze the impact of supplemental home enteral nutrition (HEN) post-esophageal cancer surgery on nutritional parameters, quality of life (QL), and patient satisfaction. A systematic review reported that over 60% of patients lose >10% of both body weight and BMI by 6 months after esophagectomy. Enteral feeding (EF) is increasingly a modern standard postoperatively; however, the impact of extended HEN postdischarge has not been systematically studied. One hundred forty-nine consecutive patients [mean age 62 ± 9, 80% male,76% adenocarcinoma, 66% on multimodal protocols, and 69% with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2] were studied. …

Fewer Traditional Infrastructure Funders, Michael Moody, Michael Pratt

Research, Reports, and Publications

No abstract provided.

Foreword: A ‘Coyote Warrior’ And The ‘Great Paradoxes,’ The Scholarship Of Professor Raymond Cross, Monte Mills

Articles

This Foreword to the Public Land and Resources Law Review special issue republishing and celebrating the scholarship of Professor Raymond Cross provides a context and framework for understanding and appreciating the issue's articles. The Foreword reviews Professor Cross' legacy of work as a tribal attorney on behalf of the Three Affiliated Tribes (Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara) of the Fort Berthold Reservation and discusses the important contributions his scholarly work continue to make to the field of Federal Indian Law. As noted at the conclusion of the Foreword, "[i]t is a true honor to introduce and present some of his important …

A Practitioner's Guide To Urban Trip Generation, Kristina Marie Currans

TREC Project Briefs

In 1976, the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) compiled their first Handbook of guidelines for evaluating development-level transportation impacts. Decades later, these methods are still ubiquitously used across the US and Canada. Only recently, with the third edition of the ITE Trip Generation Handbook, have new data and approaches been adopted. In this study NITC researcher Kristina Currans takes aim at understanding issues inherent in the collection and application of ITE’s data and methods in various urban contexts. This technology transfer guide touches on the main findings from this work.

Assessing State Efforts To Integrate Transportation, Land Use And Climate, Rebecca Lewis, Robert Zako

TREC Final Reports

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a threat to life on earth. “Continued emission of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and long-lasting changes in all components of the climate system, increasing the likelihood of severe, pervasive and irreversible impacts for people and ecosystems. Limiting climate change would require substantial and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions” (International Panel on Climate Change, 2014, 8).

The transportation sector accounts for almost one-third of all greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the United States. Reducing GHG from transportation rests on the “three-legged stool” of improving vehicle efficiency, reducing the carbon content of fuels …

Do People’S Perceptions Of Neighborhood Bikeability Match “Reality”?, Liang Ma, Jennifer Dill

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Do people perceive the built environment the same as we objectively measure it? If not, what are the relative roles of the objective versus the perceived environment on bicycling behavior? This study, based on data from Portland, Oregon, explored the match or mismatch between the objective and perceived bicycling environment and how it affects people’s bicycling behavior. The descriptive analysis indicated a fair agreement between perceived and objective measures. Older adults, women having children, less-educated and lower-income persons, and those who bicycle less tended to perceive their high-bikeable environment (measured objectively) as being a low-bikeable environment. In addition to the …

Spring/Summer 2017

University of Richmond Magazine

No abstract provided.

"Through A Glass, Darkly" Technical, Policy, And Financial Actions To Avert The Coming Digital Dark Ages, Richard S. Whitt

Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal

"Through A Glass, Darkly" Technical, Policy, and Financial Actions to Avert the Coming Digital Dark Ages

The Impacts Of Lake-Effect Snow On Traffic Volume In Ohio And Indiana, 2011-2015, Daniel Allen Burow

Theses and Dissertations

Snowfall presents a hazard to drivers by reducing visibility and increasing safe stopping distances. As a result, some drivers cancel trips if snowfall is occurring or forecasted, and traffic volumes often decrease on snowy days. Lake-effect snow is very localized and is thus hypothesized to have a lesser influence on traffic volume than synoptic-scale snow, which usually covers a broader areal extent. Traffic volume in northeast Ohio and northern Indiana is studied using a matched-pair analysis to determine if volumes differ between lake-effect and synoptic-scale snowfall in these regions. While little statistical evidence is found to support this hypothesis, other …

Trailer Park Residents: Are They Worthy Of Society's Respect, Steve Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Existing research is limited in explaining the existence of and reasons for stereotypes held against trailer park residents. This study uses an experimental design to measure attitudes towards trailer park residents, specifically in terms of being considered worthy of society’s respect. An Internet questionnaire was designed and administered to a sample of 559 introductory sociology students at a Midwestern university using semantic differentials to measure attitudes towards a fictitious couple. Participants were divided into a control and an experimental group. The groups were presented with two different vignettes, which were the same except for the experimental group where the vignette …

A Midwest School District’S Implementation Process Of A New Teacher Evaluation Model, Kristopher G. Arason G. Arason

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of the implementation of the Marzano Teacher Evaluation Framework (MTEF) in a Midwest school district. The study used quantitative methods to examine the process used to bring about change in the school district’s teacher evaluation model. The researcher examined teacher and administrator perceptions regarding change, professional development, instructional improvement, reliability, and overall satisfaction with ease of use of the MTEF model.

The researcher used data collected from one Midwest school district. The school district consisted of twelve elementary schools, four middle schools, and three high schools. A total of 682 …

Attitudes And Beliefs Of North Dakota Early Childhood Educators Toward Gender Constructs, Janelle Jean Ferderer

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the attitudes and beliefs about gender and gender diversity held by certified practicing early childhood teachers in North Dakota Department of Public Instruction approved preschool programs. Selected children’s books were used to elicit qualitative responses that provided insight into teachers’ beliefs, attitudes, and practices regarding gender.

The theoretical framework for the study was based on Vygotsky’s theories on the Zones of Proximal Development (ZPD) and the More Knowledgeable Other (MKO), which focus on the importance of the role of educators’ influence in the social development of young children. The methodology for …

Variations In Video Game Play Habits And Beliefs Over Time, John Adam Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

Psychological research about the consequences of playing video games has grown exponentially, correlating to the exponential growth of the video game industry. In the past decade, a major impetus has related to the concept of video game addiction, pathological gaming, or Internet Gaming Disorder. While the presence of this problem is widely accepted and there is growing knowledge about the factors contributing to its development and perpetuation, there is minimal research speaking to intervention. The primary purpose of the present study was to identify a potential pathway to educate members of the gaming community about pathological gaming, with the hope …