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Articles 151 - 180 of 61489
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Capital Planning, Selection, And Investment (Integrating Sustainability In Decision-Making), Marinilka B. Kimbro, Eric W. Wehrly
Capital Planning, Selection, And Investment (Integrating Sustainability In Decision-Making), Marinilka B. Kimbro, Eric W. Wehrly
Journal of Management for Global Sustainability
Inspired by Pope Francis’s call for a new journey that instills the importance of conservation and care for the environment, we propose a practical model that mathematically incorporates sustainability issues into capital planning, selection, and investment. Evidence suggests that managers apply net present value (NPV) methodologies in a way that disadvantages environmentally sustainable investments. If an NPV model does not consider the costs and risks of non-sustainable projects, then the potential benefits of alternative sustainable investments will appear much less valuable than present costs. Sustainable investments also often require larger initial investments with long-term benefits and distant cash flow time …
Trauma Care In Tennessee; 2017 Report To The 110th General Assembly, Tennessee. Department Of Health.
Trauma Care In Tennessee; 2017 Report To The 110th General Assembly, Tennessee. Department Of Health.
Trauma Care in Tennessee
No abstract provided.
Sina Gat Uban At Horacio Dela Costa Sa Mauban: Mga Paghahanap Sa Tanawin Tungo Sa Pagbubuo Ng Lokal Na Kasaysayan At Pambayang Identidad, Nelson Turgo
Malay Journal
Dalawang magkakaiba, pinaghiwalay ng daang taong harurok ng panahon, subalit magkakaugnay na personahe ng kasaysayan ng Mauban ang nais kong bigyang pansin sa pag-aaral na ito: si Gat Uban, ang kinikilala sa Mauban na pinagkuhaan ng pangalan ng bayan, at si Horacio dela Costa naman ay isang paring Heswita at bantog na historyador, nabibilang sa isa sa mga prominenteng pamilya sa Mauban at kinikilala bilang pinakamatalinong Maubanin sa kasaysayan. Sa mahaba-haba na ring kasaysayan ng Mauban, masasabing sila ang pinakatanyag na mga anak ng Mauban. Bunsod nito, marami ring mga daan, pagkilala at komersiyo ang ipinangalan sa kanila (halimbawa, may …
Building Columbia, Lawrence Lane
Building Columbia, Lawrence Lane
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis analyzes the research from a project on the builders who helped build Columbia, South Carolina from 1890 to 1940, a dynamic time of growth as the city moved from post-Civil War recovery through industrialization and into modernization.1 Previous research of Columbia’s architectural history often focuses on the few architects with national recognition, like Robert Mills, the architect of the Washington Monument. Frequently omitted from the city’s architectural story are the lesser-known developers, builders, contractors, brick masons, and other tradesmen from inside and outside of Columbia who contributed to the shaping of the city by helping build vernacular architecture …
Expert Commentary On Paspa And Sports Betting From Joe Asher, Unlv Gaming Law Journal, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School Of Law
Expert Commentary On Paspa And Sports Betting From Joe Asher, Unlv Gaming Law Journal, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School Of Law
UNLV Gaming Law Journal
Joe Asher has an extensive background in the gaming industry and sports betting business, which began in his years of working at Delaware racetracks as a teenager. In 2012, Asher became the chief executive officer of William Hill US, and has since helped build the race and sports betting company into one of the largest in the world.
Venous Ulcer, Irene Dorthy Santoso, Hanny Nilasari, Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya
Venous Ulcer, Irene Dorthy Santoso, Hanny Nilasari, Shannaz Nadia Yusharyahya
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia
Leg ulcers one common problem in the adult population to geriatric with a prevalence about 1-2%. The pattern of life which tends to be sedentary, less activity, obesity, increased the incidence of leg ulcers. The duration of healing and recurrence occurs in majority of patients contributed the decline in quality of life for patients with venous ulcers. Diagnosis, latest treatment and prevention are essential to discuss.
Photodermatoses In Children, Siti Nurani Fauziah, Wresti Indriatmi, Lili Legiawati
Photodermatoses In Children, Siti Nurani Fauziah, Wresti Indriatmi, Lili Legiawati
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia
Photodermatoses cover the skin’s abnormal reactions to sunlight, usually to its ultraviolet (UV) component or visible light. Etiologically, photodermatoses can be classified into 4 categories: (1) immunologically mediated photodermatoses (idiopathic photodermatoses); (2) drug- or chemical-induced photosensitivity; (3) hereditary photodermatoses; and (4) photoaggravated dermatoses. The incidence of photodermatoses in the pediatric population is much lower than in adults, Polymorphous light eruption (PMLE) is the most common form of photodermatoses in children, followed by erythropoietic protoporphyria. Early diagnosis and investigations should be performed to avoid long-term complications. Photoprotection is the mainstay of photodermatoses management, including use of physical protection and sunscreen.
The Gazprom Case: Lessons Of The Past For The Future, Dalia Višinskienė, Justina Nasutavičienė
The Gazprom Case: Lessons Of The Past For The Future, Dalia Višinskienė, Justina Nasutavičienė
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Under the EU Merger Regulation, if the Commission has concerns that a merger may significantly affect competition in the European Union, the merging companies may propose modifications to the project that would guarantee continued competition on the market. The Commission may declare a concentration compatible with the common market following such a modification by the parties and attach to its decision conditions and obligations intended to ensure that the undertakings comply with the commitments. In other words, commitments have to be offered by the parties but the Commission may introduce conditions and obligations if they are required to ensure the …
Intergenerational Financial Exchange And Cognitive Well-Being Among Older Adults In China, Ping Xu
Intergenerational Financial Exchange And Cognitive Well-Being Among Older Adults In China, Ping Xu
Graduate Doctoral Dissertations
Although cognitive loss is part of normal aging, it has unfavorable consequences for older individuals, their family, as well as society. The prevalence of mild cognition impairment is expected to go up in China. How to maintain normal cognition for a longer period of time and to delay impair process is an emerging concern for older Chinese adults. Unlike Western countries, China lacks of formal support system. Intergenerational support between older parents and adult children is a predominant resource when they are in need. This study examines how intergenerational financial exchanges between older parents and their adult children is related …
Evaluation Of Extracellular Matrix Composition And Rheology As Determinants Of Growth, Invasion, And Response To Photodynamic Therapy In 3d Cell Culture Models Of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Gwendolyn M. Cramer
Graduate Doctoral Dissertations
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a notoriously lethal disease characterized by prominent stromal involvement, which plays complex roles in regulating tumor growth and therapeutic response. The extracellular matrix (ECM)-rich stroma has been implicated as a barrier to drug penetration, although stromal depletion strategies have had mixed clinical success. It remains less clear how biophysical interactions with the ECM regulate invasive progression and susceptibilities to specific therapies. Here, an integrative approach combining 3D cell culture and quantitative imaging techniques is used to evaluate invasive behavior and motility as determinants of response to classical chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which light …
Environment, States, And International Organizations: The Role Of Global Environmental Conventions In Protecting The Environment, Natalia Escobar Pemberthy
Environment, States, And International Organizations: The Role Of Global Environmental Conventions In Protecting The Environment, Natalia Escobar Pemberthy
Graduate Doctoral Dissertations
Global environmental conventions are created to address and resolve global environmental problems. Assessments of the achievement of specific environmental goals, however, indicate that there is room for progress and that stronger collective action is required. Given that there are no empirical instruments to measure implementation and to determine the factors behind individual countries’ results, challenges emerge that require the expansion of existing analytical frameworks around environmental conventions and their role as global governance instruments. This study develops an empirical instrument – the Environmental Conventions Index – to assess the implementation of global environmental conventions, determining the main trends for both …
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due To Nickel In Household Detergent, Dewi Utami Putri, Irma Damayanti Roesyanto-Mahadi
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due To Nickel In Household Detergent, Dewi Utami Putri, Irma Damayanti Roesyanto-Mahadi
Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a cutaneous inflammatory reaction caused by contact with specific exogenous allergen to which a person has developed allergic sensitization. Nickel was reported as one of the most common causes of ACD worldwide, particularly affecting females. It is associated with a variety of nickel-containing products, from jewelry to detergent.
A 32-year-old female was presented with pruritic eruption consist of erythematous papules and vesicles on both hands and extensor forearms since 2 weeks before admission. The patient is a housewife who did handwashing clothes and kitchenware with detergent and soap every day. At first, there were erythematous …
Speech Functions And Acoustic Analysis In Children With Cerebral Palsy Having Different Communication Levels, Yi-Ching Huang, Chia-Ling Chen, Chia-Ying Chung, Katie Pei-Hsuan Wu, Huei-Mei Liu, Hsieh-Ching Chen
Speech Functions And Acoustic Analysis In Children With Cerebral Palsy Having Different Communication Levels, Yi-Ching Huang, Chia-Ling Chen, Chia-Ying Chung, Katie Pei-Hsuan Wu, Huei-Mei Liu, Hsieh-Ching Chen
Rehabilitation Practice and Science
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit problems with language, speech, and communication. The aim of this study was to examine speech functions and perform an acoustic analysis of speech in children with CP having different levels of proficiency in communication. This study recruited 24 children with CP (17 boys, 7 girls; mean age: 8 years and 4 months, age range: 6-12 years). Children with CP were classified into two groups based on the Communication Function Classification System (CFCS): the mild group (levels I and II) and the severe group (levels III and IV). Children with CP underwent clinical assessments …
Does Age Structure Influence Golden-Cheeked Warbler Responses Across Areas Of High And Low Density?, Hannah L. Pruett, Ashley M. Long, Heather A. Mathewson, Michael L. Morrison
Does Age Structure Influence Golden-Cheeked Warbler Responses Across Areas Of High And Low Density?, Hannah L. Pruett, Ashley M. Long, Heather A. Mathewson, Michael L. Morrison
Western North American Naturalist
Age-based differentiation in the timing of avian migration can influence subsequent habitat use and, therefore, reproductive success. Over 2 breeding seasons, we compared arrival dates, pairing success, and fledging success for second-year (SY) and after-second-year (ASY) federally endangered Golden-cheeked Warblers (Setophaga chrysoparia) occupying areas of low (n = 9 sites) and high (n = 10 sites) warbler density. Male warblers arrived on low-density sites on average 6 days later (11 March) than high-density sites (5 March). Male warblers that established territories on low-density sites tended to be younger than male warblers that established territories on high-density …
Legal Dilemmas In Releasing Indonesia’S Political Prisoners, Daniel Pascoe
Legal Dilemmas In Releasing Indonesia’S Political Prisoners, Daniel Pascoe
Indonesia Law Review
In May 2015, in an effort to foster peace in the restive Papua and West Papua Provinces, Indonesian President Joko ‘Jokowi’ Widodo granted clemency to five political prisoners, releasing them from sentences ranging from 20 years to life. The president also stated that there would be ‘a follow-up granting clemency or amnesty to other [political prisoners] in other regions’ (Jakarta Post, 10 May 2015). However, with up to 50 political prisoners still incarcerated in prisons around Indonesia (mostly Papuan and Moluccan separatists), Jokowi’s selective release policy faces several legal and political obstacles. This article outlines the various options open to …
The Efficacy Of Teacher Made Special Education Referrals In Appalachian And Non-Appalachian Schools Of Kentucky, John T. Elliott
The Efficacy Of Teacher Made Special Education Referrals In Appalachian And Non-Appalachian Schools Of Kentucky, John T. Elliott
Kentucky Teacher Education Journal: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Kentucky Council for Exceptional Children
This quantitative study utilized a causal-comparative research design to determine the difference in efficacy between teacher made special education referrals in Appalachian and non-Appalachian schools of Kentucky. Data were provided from the 2014-2015 academic year. A total of 109 Kentucky schools provided data for the study. This study will help educators better understand multi-disciplinary referrals for special education as they relate to referral efficacy as based upon student qualification rates. This quantitative study determined the difference between special education qualification rates for teacher made referrals in Appalachian and non-Appalachian schools in the state of Kentucky.
A Correlation Study Between Activity Items Of Touch Screen System For Upper Extremity Training And Functional Performance In Upper Limb Among Patients With Stroke, Shu-Yu Yang, Pei-Chi Hsiao, Yu-Sheng Yang, Chi-Min Yang, Jyh-Jong Chang, Ying-Chun Chou
A Correlation Study Between Activity Items Of Touch Screen System For Upper Extremity Training And Functional Performance In Upper Limb Among Patients With Stroke, Shu-Yu Yang, Pei-Chi Hsiao, Yu-Sheng Yang, Chi-Min Yang, Jyh-Jong Chang, Ying-Chun Chou
Rehabilitation Practice and Science
Because of progress made in human-machine interfaces, touchscreens increasingly play a key role in daily living. A task-oriented concept combined with a computerized touchscreen training system was developed and used to facilitate upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. However, the reliability and validity of the activity items within the system required further verification. Therefore, the aims of this study were 1) to examine the reliability of scores for the activity items when patients with stroke used this device and 2) to verify criterion-related validity by analyzing the relationship between scores from this device and other standard upper limb functional assessments. Thirty …
Comparison Of Conventional Elastic Bandages And Novel Hand Gloves By Measuring Changes In Stroke Patients' Hand Temperature During Passive Upper Limb Exercises, Mei-Yi Lee, Chan-Yu Taso, Ka-Hei Lao, Shu-Shi Chen
Comparison Of Conventional Elastic Bandages And Novel Hand Gloves By Measuring Changes In Stroke Patients' Hand Temperature During Passive Upper Limb Exercises, Mei-Yi Lee, Chan-Yu Taso, Ka-Hei Lao, Shu-Shi Chen
Rehabilitation Practice and Science
Elastic bandages are often used to secure stroke patients' affected upper limbs to exercise equipment during physical rehabilitation. However, the application of elastic bandages can cause soft tissue injuries in patients' extremities. Therefore, our research team developed novel medical hand gloves, called "Yole Hands," to safely secure stroke patients' affected hands to exercise equipment. This study compared conventional elastic bandages with Yole Hands by measuring changes in stroke patients' hand temperature during passive upper limb exercises. This study recruited 18 stroke patients aged 63.1 ± 13.4 years from a rehabilitation clinic. A thermograph (midi LOGGER GL220, Graphtec) was used to …
Effect Of Lower Extremity Resistance Training On Balance Ability In Hemiparetic Patients, Huang-Chun Liu, Chia-Pei Chen, Dersheng Han
Effect Of Lower Extremity Resistance Training On Balance Ability In Hemiparetic Patients, Huang-Chun Liu, Chia-Pei Chen, Dersheng Han
Rehabilitation Practice and Science
Background and Purpose: Balance ability is one of the important influencing factors of the quality of life of hemiplegic patients. It is to prevent falls and maintain self-care and independent walking ability. Lower extremity resistance training can effectively improve muscle strength, muscle power, and balance. However, studies focused on balance and muscle power are scarce. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effects of resistance training interventions on the balance ability of hemiplegic patients. Methods: In this study, 35 hemiplegic patients participated, with a mean age of 54.3 ± 17.9 years. The participants received resistance training for 18 weeks, …
Is Ultrasound Reliable For The Diagnosis Of Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Injury?, Chun-Li Liao, Chih-Wei Yu, Yu-Hsuan Cheng, Tyng-Guey Wang
Is Ultrasound Reliable For The Diagnosis Of Knee Medial Collateral Ligament Injury?, Chun-Li Liao, Chih-Wei Yu, Yu-Hsuan Cheng, Tyng-Guey Wang
Rehabilitation Practice and Science
Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound with that of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for injuries of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one consecutive patients from September 1, 2014 to January 31, 2016 were included. Ultrasound of the knee MCL was performed by physiatrists, and the images were re-read by an experienced sonographer (also a physiatrist). MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans of the knee MCL were examined by radiologists and the reports were compared with the findings of the ultrasound. The knee MCL was determined to be injured or intact, and the correlation …
Effect Of Habitat Fragmentation On Diversity And Abundance Of Nesting Birds In An Urban Landscape: The Case Of Mwalimu Nyerere Campus Thickets, University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, John Shirima, Chacha Werema
Effect Of Habitat Fragmentation On Diversity And Abundance Of Nesting Birds In An Urban Landscape: The Case Of Mwalimu Nyerere Campus Thickets, University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, John Shirima, Chacha Werema
Tanzania Journal of Science
Little is known of the nesting bird species in most of urban areas of East Africa. An investigation was made of the occurrence of breeding bird species in the fragmented thickets found in the Mwalimu Nyerere Campus of the University of Dar es Salaam, in the City of Dar es Salaam. The study examined how habitat fragmentation affects nesting bird species richness and diversity in the thickets. Systematic physical nest searches of breeding birds were conducted in the fragmented thickets. Searches were conducted in transects and they included inspecting vegetation, bare ground, cavities, stream (river) banks and other suitable nesting …
Prediction Of Rainfall In The Southern Highlands Of Tanzania, Pasvolo Mwinuka, Christian Uiso
Prediction Of Rainfall In The Southern Highlands Of Tanzania, Pasvolo Mwinuka, Christian Uiso
Tanzania Journal of Science
Previous studies on the variability of March to May (MAM) and October to December (OND) rainfall in East Africa have mainly covered the whole region without considering the local climate zones such as the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Results from the regional studies have shown that the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) have strong association with OND rainfall and weak one with MAM rainfall in East Africa. The present study was aimed at determining the potential predictors for the MAM and OND rainfall by considering IOD, El Ni o Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBOu30 and …
Exploring Technological Strategies For Valorization Of Solid Sisal Waste: A Research Review, Amelia Kivaisi, Anthony Mshandete
Exploring Technological Strategies For Valorization Of Solid Sisal Waste: A Research Review, Amelia Kivaisi, Anthony Mshandete
Tanzania Journal of Science
The sisal industry in Tanzania generates large amounts of waste which is an un-tapped bioresource. Research was undertaken to establish appropriate technologies for its valorisation to mushrooms, biogas and biogas manure (BGM).Physical and biological pre-treatments achieved methane yield increments of 23-30% whereas co-digestion with fish waste achieved methane yield increments of 59-94%. Sisal fibre waste was demonstrated to be a novel biofilm-carrier for treating sisal pulp leachate. With a loading rate of 9.0 kgVS/m3/day, the packed-bed bioreactor was operated without process stress. Sisal decortication waste (SLDW) and sisal boles (SBW) were found to be suitable for oyster mushroom cultivation. With …
Design Of A Small Scale Wind Generator For Low Wind Speed Areas, Ra Msuya, Rrm Kainkwa, Mi Mgwatu
Design Of A Small Scale Wind Generator For Low Wind Speed Areas, Ra Msuya, Rrm Kainkwa, Mi Mgwatu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Most small scale level wind turbine generators are directly driven system, variable speed, and partially connected power electronic converter system. Choice of such system is to avoid costs associated with gearbox. However, due to low wind speed in most of the tropical countries, synchronous generators with smaller or medium speed Permanent Magnet (PM) generator design found to be important and given high performance efficiency. In order to be able to harvest wind energy in off-grid population efficiently, there was a need to design a synchronous generator that can be able to operate under low wind speed, directly connected to the …
Conservation Efforts Of Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis: Its Discovery, Captive Breeding, Extinction In The Wild And Re-Introduction, Cuthbert Nahonyo, Ezekiel Goboro, Wilirk Ngalason, Severinus Mutagwaba, Ichard Ugomba, Mohammed Nassoro, Emmanuel Nkombe
Conservation Efforts Of Kihansi Spray Toad Nectophrynoides Asperginis: Its Discovery, Captive Breeding, Extinction In The Wild And Re-Introduction, Cuthbert Nahonyo, Ezekiel Goboro, Wilirk Ngalason, Severinus Mutagwaba, Ichard Ugomba, Mohammed Nassoro, Emmanuel Nkombe
Tanzania Journal of Science
Species conservation depends on the initiatives to restore or retain and sustainably use the environment in which the species live. This paper highlights how development projects can affect biodiversity conservation and the challenges in achieving sustainable development. The paper discusses a case study of the Kihansi Spray Toad (KST) (Nectophrynoides asperginis) from its discovery, extinction in the wild, captive breeding and subsequent reintroduction to its native habitat; focusing on events, challenges, approaches in addressing issues, future prospects and achievements in the conservation of this endemic species. There has been considerable success in KST husbandry in captivity and reintroduction trials of …
Effect Of Natural Blue-Green Algal Cells Lysis On Freshwater Quality, Kessy Kilulya, Titus Msagati, Bhekie Mamba
Effect Of Natural Blue-Green Algal Cells Lysis On Freshwater Quality, Kessy Kilulya, Titus Msagati, Bhekie Mamba
Tanzania Journal of Science
Blue-green algae grow in freshwater bodies when they are provided with suitable factors such as nutrients and appropriate weather conditions. Their cell lysis occurs naturally when they encounter unfavourable conditions. This study reports on the types and amounts of fatty acids added into freshwater due to the algal cell lysis. The investigation on the amount of fatty acids released into water due to algal cells lysis was performed by placing samples in two compartments, one with no light allowing the algae cells to die while the other compartment was kept in favourable conditions enough to sustain the life of algae. …
Nuclear Analytical Techniques In Tanzania: A Review, Yusufu Koleleni
Nuclear Analytical Techniques In Tanzania: A Review, Yusufu Koleleni
Tanzania Journal of Science
It has been a tradition to perceive that Nuclear/Atomic radiations are only related to Nuclear/Atomic bombs, heavy ammunitions and consequently applications for human and non-peaceful destructions. In this paper the questions on how the Nuclear/Atomic radiations may be used for peaceful applications and specifically to Tanzanian situations are presented. Methods like Energy Dispersive X-Ray fluorescence (EDXRF), Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE), Electron probe Micro-Mass Analysis (EPMA), Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) for investigations of different types of samples in geology; environmental, medical, biological and chemical are discussed.
Research News. Publications, 2017. Volume 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy, Soumyajit Majumdar
Research News. Publications, 2017. Volume 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy, Soumyajit Majumdar
Publications (2015-)
Publications that appeared during the period July 1 through December 31, 2017
Evaluating The Impact Of Adopting 3d Printing Services On The Retailers, Sharareh Rajaei Dehkordi
Evaluating The Impact Of Adopting 3d Printing Services On The Retailers, Sharareh Rajaei Dehkordi
Dissertations
As additive manufacturing technology becomes more responsive to consumers’ demand, one important question for the retailers is whether they should provide 3D printing services in their brick-and-mortar store in addition to the traditional off-the-shelf product? If so, what should be the retailers pricing scheme to achieve a higher profit? What should be the optimal inventory level of off-the-shelf products? What is the optimal capacity of 3D printers? In this study, stochastic models are examined to capture the joint optimal 3D product price and capacity of 3D printers to maximize retailer’s expected profit while considering consumer product choices. Moreover, a stochastic …
Inquiry-Based Learning: Emirati University Students Choose Whatsapp For Collaboration, Robyn Albers, Christina Davison, Bradley Johnson
Inquiry-Based Learning: Emirati University Students Choose Whatsapp For Collaboration, Robyn Albers, Christina Davison, Bradley Johnson
All Works
Considerable research has shown the value of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) regarding student engagement and motivation, depth of learning, and cognitive flexibility. Student collaboration is one component of this approach, since students must communicate and work together inside and outside of class time when engaging with an IBL project. Choosing a mobile learning tool can benefit student collaboration in so far as the tool enables anytime/anywhere collaborative learning. This study looked at how 118 Emirati undergraduate students in a government-sponsored university in the United Arab Emirates chose to collaborate in an IBL semester-long assignment. Unlike some approaches that dictate the technology …