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2017

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Enhancement Of Nutrient Transport And Energy Production Of The Intervertebral Disc By The Implantation Of Polyurethane Mass Transfer Device, Yu-Fu Wang Aug 2017

Enhancement Of Nutrient Transport And Energy Production Of The Intervertebral Disc By The Implantation Of Polyurethane Mass Transfer Device, Yu-Fu Wang

Open Access Dissertations

Low back pain is a common problem that most people experience at some point in their life. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has been considered closely associated with low back pain. Since the IVD is the largest avascular tissue in the human body, insufficient nutrient supply has been suggested to be one of the etiologies for IVD degeneration. Therefore, enhancing the nutrient transport into the IVD could be a potential treatment strategy for disc degeneration. Mass transfer devices have been used for the purpose of drug delivery and hemodialysis, and similar concept could be applied to the IVD. A porous material …

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Transcription Of The Virus-Like Agent Responsible For Carcinogenesis In Bicolor Damselfish, Jazmine S. Pritchett Aug 2017

Transcription Of The Virus-Like Agent Responsible For Carcinogenesis In Bicolor Damselfish, Jazmine S. Pritchett

Open Access Theses

Damselfish Neurofibromatosis (DNF) is a naturally occurring cancer that affects Bicolor Damselfish (Stegastes partitus) located on South Florida reefs. Damselfish Neurofibromatosis is characterized by tumor development within the pigmented cells of the skin (chromatophoromas) as well as Schwann cells (neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors). Damselfish Neurofibromatosis has been shown to be caused by a virus-like agent with a 2.4 kb DNA genome named the Damselfish Virus-like Agent (DVLA). Studies of DVLA have shown that this DNA is located and replicates within the mitochondria of infected cells. Five RNAs are transcribed from the DVLA genome but the …

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Exploratory Study On The Role Of Phycotoxins In Dinoflagellates, Entesar B. A. E. S. Alrubaiaan Aug 2017

Exploratory Study On The Role Of Phycotoxins In Dinoflagellates, Entesar B. A. E. S. Alrubaiaan

Open Access Theses

Phycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by dinoflagellates and other algae. Despite their notorious role in neurotoxicity to higher trophic level species, it is still unknown why algae produce phycotoxins. This study reviewed the available literature, that forms our current knowledge on the potential ecological roles of phycotoxins. It also experimentally examined three untested hypotheses. First, the role of phycotoxins in chemical defense against bacteria was tested. The second hypothesis examined the role of toxins in dissipating excess energy from intense light. Lastly, the role of toxins in alleviating copper toxicity was tested. Two bloom-forming toxic dinoflagellates (Alexandrium catenella a …

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Long-Term And Ontogenetic Patterns Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Lake Baikal Seals (Pusa Sibirica), Ted Ozersky, Mikhail V. Pastukhov, Amanda E. Poste, Xiu Y. Deng, Marianne V. Moore Aug 2017

Long-Term And Ontogenetic Patterns Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Lake Baikal Seals (Pusa Sibirica), Ted Ozersky, Mikhail V. Pastukhov, Amanda E. Poste, Xiu Y. Deng, Marianne V. Moore

Faculty Research and Scholarship

Little is known about the history of heavy metal pollution of Russia’s Lake Baikal, one of the world’s largest lakes and a home to numerous endemic species, including the Baikal Seal, Pusa sibirica. We investigated the history of heavy metal (V, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Tl, Pb, U) pollution in Lake Baikal seals over the past 8 decades. C and N stable isotope analysis (SIA) and laser-ablation ICP-MS of seal teeth were used to examine changes in feeding ecology, heavy metal levels associated with life history events and long-term variation in metal exposure. SIA did not suggest large changes …

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Comparative Genomics Of Two Super-Shedder Isolates Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, Robab Katani, Rebecca Cote, Indira T. Kudva, Chitrita Debroy, Terrance M. Arthur, Vivek Kapur Aug 2017

Comparative Genomics Of Two Super-Shedder Isolates Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7, Robab Katani, Rebecca Cote, Indira T. Kudva, Chitrita Debroy, Terrance M. Arthur, Vivek Kapur

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) are zoonotic foodborne pathogens and of major public health concern that cause considerable intestinal and extra-intestinal illnesses in humans. O157 colonize the recto-anal junction (RAJ) of asymptomatic cattle who shed the bacterium into the environment through fecal matter. A small subset of cattle, termed super-shedders (SS), excrete O157 at a rate (104 CFU/g of feces) that is several orders of magnitude greater than other colonized cattle and play a major role in the prevalence and transmission of O157. To better understand microbial factors contributing to super-shedding we have recently sequenced two SS isolates, SS17 …

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Universal Surface Engineering Of Transition Metals For Superior Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution In Neutral Water, Bo You, Xuan Liu, Guoxiang Hu, Sheraz Gul, Junko Yano, De-En Jiang, Yujie Sun Aug 2017

Universal Surface Engineering Of Transition Metals For Superior Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution In Neutral Water, Bo You, Xuan Liu, Guoxiang Hu, Sheraz Gul, Junko Yano, De-En Jiang, Yujie Sun

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The development of low-cost hybrid water splitting-biosynthetic systems that mimic natural photosynthesis to achieve solar-to-chemical conversion is of great promise for future energy demands, but often limited by the kinetically sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the surface of nonprecious transition metal catalysts in neutral media. It is thus highly desirable to rationally tailor the reaction interface to boost the neutral HER catalytic kinetics. Herein, we report a general surface nitrogen modification of diverse transition metals (e.g. iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, and nickel-cobalt alloy), accomplished by a facile low-temperature ammonium carbonate treatment, for significantly improved hydrogen generation from neutral water. …

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Artifical Intelligence: An Existential Risk?, Noreen L. Herzfeld Aug 2017

Artifical Intelligence: An Existential Risk?, Noreen L. Herzfeld

Theology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Cross-Species Transmission Potential Between Wild Pigs, Livestock, Poultry, Wildlife, And Humans: Implications For Disease Risk Management In North America, Ryan S. Miller, Steven Sweeney, Chris Slootmaker, Daniel A. Grear, Paul A. Di Salvo, Deborah Kiser, Stephanie A. Shwiff Aug 2017

Cross-Species Transmission Potential Between Wild Pigs, Livestock, Poultry, Wildlife, And Humans: Implications For Disease Risk Management In North America, Ryan S. Miller, Steven Sweeney, Chris Slootmaker, Daniel A. Grear, Paul A. Di Salvo, Deborah Kiser, Stephanie A. Shwiff

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Cross-species disease transmission between wildlife, domestic animals and humans is an increasing threat to public and veterinary health. Wild pigs are increasingly a potential veterinary and public health threat. Here we investigate 84 pathogens and the host species most at risk for transmission with wild pigs using a network approach. We assess the risk to agricultural and human health by evaluating the status of these pathogens and the co-occurrence of wild pigs, agriculture and humans. We identified 34 (87%) OIE listed swine pathogens that cause clinical disease in livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans. On average 73% of bacterial, 39% of …

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Abl Kinase Regulation By Braf/Erk And Cooperation With Akt In Melanoma, Aditi Jain, Rakshamani Tripathi, Courtney P. Turpin, Chi Wang, Rina Plattner Aug 2017

Abl Kinase Regulation By Braf/Erk And Cooperation With Akt In Melanoma, Aditi Jain, Rakshamani Tripathi, Courtney P. Turpin, Chi Wang, Rina Plattner

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

The melanoma incidence continues to increase, and the disease remains incurable for many due to its metastatic nature and high rate of therapeutic resistance. In particular, melanomas harboring BRAFV600E and PTEN mutations often are resistant to current therapies, including BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abl kinases (Abl/Arg) are activated in melanomas and drive progression; however, their mechanism of activation has not been established. Here we elucidate a novel link between BRAFV600E/ERK signaling and Abl kinases. We demonstrate that BRAFV600E/ERK play a critical role in binding, phosphorylating and regulating Abl localization and Abl/Arg activation …

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Draft Nuclear Genome, Complete Chloroplast Genome, And Complete Mitochondrial Genome For The Biofuel/ Bioproduct Feedstock Species Scenedesmus Obliquus Strain Doe0152z, S. R. Starkenburg, Juergen Polle, B. Hovde, H. E. Daligault, K. W. Davenport, A. Huang, P. Neofotis, Zaid Mckie-Krisberg Aug 2017

Draft Nuclear Genome, Complete Chloroplast Genome, And Complete Mitochondrial Genome For The Biofuel/ Bioproduct Feedstock Species Scenedesmus Obliquus Strain Doe0152z, S. R. Starkenburg, Juergen Polle, B. Hovde, H. E. Daligault, K. W. Davenport, A. Huang, P. Neofotis, Zaid Mckie-Krisberg

Publications and Research

The green alga Scenedesmus obliquus is an emerging platform species for the industrial production of biofuels. Here, we report the draft assembly and annotation for the nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial genomes of S. obliquus strain DOE0152z.

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Students Share Findings From Wayne National Forest Internships, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences Aug 2017

Students Share Findings From Wayne National Forest Internships, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

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Capturing Plasmon-Molecule Dynamics In Dye Monolayers On Metal Nanoparticles Using Classical Electrodynamics With Quantum Embedding, Holden T. Smith, Tony E. Karam, Louis H. Haber, Kenneth Lopata Aug 2017

Capturing Plasmon-Molecule Dynamics In Dye Monolayers On Metal Nanoparticles Using Classical Electrodynamics With Quantum Embedding, Holden T. Smith, Tony E. Karam, Louis H. Haber, Kenneth Lopata

Faculty Publications

© 2017 American Chemical Society. A multiscale hybrid quantum/classical approach using classical electrodynamics and a collection of discrete three-level quantum systems is used to simulate the coupled dynamics and spectra of a malachite green monolayer adsorbed to the surface of a spherical gold nanoparticle (NP). This method utilizes finite difference time domain (FDTD) to describe the plasmonic response of the NP within the main FDTD framework and a three-level quantum description for the molecule via a Maxwell/Liouville framework. To avoid spurious self-excitation, each quantum molecule has its own auxiliary FDTD subregion embedded within the main FDTD grid. The molecular parameters …

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Reduced Immune Investment With Energy Stress: Evidence From A Mouse Model And Human Studies, Alaina L. Schneider Aug 2017

Reduced Immune Investment With Energy Stress: Evidence From A Mouse Model And Human Studies, Alaina L. Schneider

Theses and Dissertations

During periods of energy stress, animals will prioritize and allocate energy from non-essential to essential tasks. Using a mouse model and published human data, we found that during periods of energy stress, energy is allocated away from immune function, and is prioritized for physical activity usage.

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Sexual Dimorphism In The Femur And Pelvis Of Cebus Apella With A Randomization Experiment Examining Sample Size In The Fossil Record, Ryan P. Schaars Aug 2017

Sexual Dimorphism In The Femur And Pelvis Of Cebus Apella With A Randomization Experiment Examining Sample Size In The Fossil Record, Ryan P. Schaars

Theses and Dissertations

Measures of sexual dimorphism for six skeletal traits of the femur and pelvis of Cebus apella were calculated for 18 individuals to better understand primate skeletal dimorphism. A randomization experiment was also conducted on the measures of sexual dimorphism to examine sample size in the primate fossil record.

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The Influence Of Phylogeny And Niche Differentiation On The Diets Of Malagasy Primates, Rebekka S. Hughes Aug 2017

The Influence Of Phylogeny And Niche Differentiation On The Diets Of Malagasy Primates, Rebekka S. Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

Previous studies have shown that haplorhine diet is affected by phylogeny; however, until now studies in Malagasy strepsirrhines were lacking. The evolution of differences in Malagasy primates’ diets appears to differ from the pattern shown in haplorhines. My results indicate that niche differentiation may be a stronger predictor of diet.

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Phylogenetic Affinities Of Homo Floresiensis Incorporating Postcranial Characters, Kristina M. Feeney Aug 2017

Phylogenetic Affinities Of Homo Floresiensis Incorporating Postcranial Characters, Kristina M. Feeney

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this analysis is to generate hypotheses regarding the evolution and ancestry of Homo floresiensis. Building on the previous study by Argue et al. (2009) by including a much larger sample of postcranial data for a more integrated picture of primitive and derived features across the skeleton.

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Harriet Jacobs And Toni Morrison: A Tradition Of Narrative Resistance, Allyson L. Molloy Aug 2017

Harriet Jacobs And Toni Morrison: A Tradition Of Narrative Resistance, Allyson L. Molloy

Theses and Dissertations

This article considers historical constructions of power and the narrative as a mode of resistance. Working in different centuries, under extremely disparate circumstances, Harriet Jacobs in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Toni Morrison in her novel The Bluest Eye, utilize specific narrative strategies to challenge and question institutionalized power which is evidenced through their deliberate employment of narrative strategies not only to challenge the institution of slavery or the hegemonic ideal, but also to question the racial and gender oppression systemic to those institutions of power.

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Native And Exotic Street Trees: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis In New York City, Mariana Schroter Aug 2017

Native And Exotic Street Trees: A Spatio-Temporal Analysis In New York City, Mariana Schroter

Theses and Dissertations

This study looks at the differences in the temporal distribution of urban street native and exotic trees in New York City from 1995 to 2015, attempting to answer the research question: Is there inequity in the distribution of tree population diversity or health, affected by socioeconomic and physical factors, when nested within origin?

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Effects Of Fluoxetine On Social And Startle Behavior In The African Cichlid Astatotilapia Burtoni, Stephanie Shih Aug 2017

Effects Of Fluoxetine On Social And Startle Behavior In The African Cichlid Astatotilapia Burtoni, Stephanie Shih

Theses and Dissertations

The commonly prescribed antidepressant Prozac (fluoxetine) is found in waste water and affects aquatic animals. Here we ask how social hierarchy and startle behavior in an African cichlid fish community is impacted by chronic fluoxetine exposure. Results indicate reduced aggression and startle rates, implying possible ecological consequences.

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Feline Object Play: The Influence Of Catnip, Keri Detorres Aug 2017

Feline Object Play: The Influence Of Catnip, Keri Detorres

Theses and Dissertations

Catnip triggers a unique olfactory response and results in a play-like activity in felines. This invoked response appears similar to, but more exaggerated and intense, than regular play. The play behavior of 24 cats with two identical toys, one of which was infused with catnip, was compared.

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Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Adolescent Male And Female Mice Of Two Strains, Andre Bevil Toussaint Aug 2017

Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference In Adolescent Male And Female Mice Of Two Strains, Andre Bevil Toussaint

Theses and Dissertations

We used a conditioned place preference paradigm to test the rewarding effects of methamphetamine (1mg/kg) in adolescent male and female mice of two strains. We found that methamphetamine induced conditioned place preference in female C57Bl/6 and male 129/SvEv mice, but not female 129/SvEv or male C57Bl/6 mice.

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“It Takes A (Healthy) Village To Raise A Child:” A Case For Integrating Public Health And Social Work Research To Eliminate Health Disparities, Heather H. Goltz Aug 2017

“It Takes A (Healthy) Village To Raise A Child:” A Case For Integrating Public Health And Social Work Research To Eliminate Health Disparities, Heather H. Goltz

Journal of Family Strengths

Issue Editor, Heather H. Goltz, introduces Volume 17, Issue 1 of the Journal of Family Strengths.

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Anthropogenic Effects On The Fouling Community: Impacts Of Biological Invasions And Anthropogenic Structures On Community Structure, Whitney Elizabeth Mcclees Aug 2017

Anthropogenic Effects On The Fouling Community: Impacts Of Biological Invasions And Anthropogenic Structures On Community Structure, Whitney Elizabeth Mcclees

Dissertations and Theses

Coastal anthropogenic infrastructure has significantly modified nearshore environments. Because these structures often have a strong association with shipping as would be found in ports and harbors, they have been identified as invasion hotspots. Due to propagule pressure from shipping and recreational boating and suitable uncolonized substrate that provides a refuge from native predators, a greater number of non-native species have been found on these structures compared to nearby natural substrate. The mechanisms that limit the spread of non-native species from anthropogenic structures to natural substrate have been explored for several taxa at a species-specific level, but less so from an …

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The Role Of Affective Forecasting And The Impact Bias In Nutritional Health Behaviors, Matthew D. Fallon Aug 2017

The Role Of Affective Forecasting And The Impact Bias In Nutritional Health Behaviors, Matthew D. Fallon

Masters Theses

Previous literature on affective forecasting has studied its role in health decisions, but there is little research investigating affective forecasting in diet choices and eating behaviors. The present study collected affective forecasts from 43 college participants before eating an indulgent snack and then observed emotions immediately after eating the snack. We predicted that emotion predictions would be significantly stronger than observed emotions, in support of previous literature on the impact bias. We also predicted that optimism would predict a stronger impact bias and that extraversion and neuroticism would have a role in forecasts and observed emotions. Contrary to our hypothesis, …

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Effects Of Aging And Dietary Phytoestrogens On Sperm Production In Sprague Dawley Rats, Brian Cutler Aug 2017

Effects Of Aging And Dietary Phytoestrogens On Sperm Production In Sprague Dawley Rats, Brian Cutler

Masters Theses

Estrogens, in addition to testosterone, are physiologically relevant to normal sperm production in the testis and sperm maturation in the epididymis. Previous studies from our lab demonstrated that daily sperm production declines from 15 to 18 months of age in Sprague Dawley rats, and treatment with estrogen during this period attenuated the age-associated decline. Phytoestrogens are present in standard rodent diets at high levels (350-650 mg/kg) and may be potential endocrine disruptors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of removing dietary phytoestrogens during aging on sperm production. Retired breeder Sprague Dawley rats were obtained at 9 …

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Catalytic Oxidation And Depolymerization Of Lignin In Aqueous Ionic Liquid, Lalitendu Das, Siquan Xu, Jian Shi Aug 2017

Catalytic Oxidation And Depolymerization Of Lignin In Aqueous Ionic Liquid, Lalitendu Das, Siquan Xu, Jian Shi

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Lignin is an integral part of the plant cell wall, which provides rigidity to plants, also contributes to the recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass to biochemical and biological deconstruction. Lignin is a promising renewable feedstock for aromatic chemicals; however, an efficient and economic lignin depolymerization method needs to be developed to enable the conversion. In this study, we investigated the depolymerization of alkaline lignin in aqueous 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C2C1Im][OAc] under oxidizing conditions. Seven different transition metal catalysts were screened in presence of H2O2 as oxidizing agent in a batch reactor. CoCl2 and …

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Ncnpr Signs Collaboration Agreement With Australian University, Anna Herd Aug 2017

Ncnpr Signs Collaboration Agreement With Australian University, Anna Herd

University of Mississippi News

Research center has partnerships on all inhabited continents

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Variability In Methane Emissions From West Siberia's Shallow Boreal Lakes On A Regional Scale And Its Environmental Controls, Aleksandr F. Sabrekov, Benjamin R.K. Runkle, Mikhail V. Glagolev, Irina E. Terentieva, Victor M. Stephanenko, Oleg R. Kotsyurbenko, Shamil S. Maksyutov, Oleg S. Pokrovsky Aug 2017

Variability In Methane Emissions From West Siberia's Shallow Boreal Lakes On A Regional Scale And Its Environmental Controls, Aleksandr F. Sabrekov, Benjamin R.K. Runkle, Mikhail V. Glagolev, Irina E. Terentieva, Victor M. Stephanenko, Oleg R. Kotsyurbenko, Shamil S. Maksyutov, Oleg S. Pokrovsky

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Small lakes represent an important source of atmospheric CH4 from northern wetlands. However, spatiotemporal variations in flux magnitudes and the lack of knowledge about their main environmental controls contribute large uncertainty into the global CH4 budget. In this study, we measured methane fluxes from small lakes using chambers and bubble traps. Field investigations were carried out in July–August 2014 within the West Siberian middle and southern taiga zones. The average and median of measured methane chamber fluxes were 0.32 and 0.30 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for middle taiga lakes and 8.6 and 4.1 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for southern taiga lakes, respectively. …

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Rank Aggregation Of Feature Scoring Methods For Unsupervised Learning, Tara N. Yankee Aug 2017

Rank Aggregation Of Feature Scoring Methods For Unsupervised Learning, Tara N. Yankee

Master's Theses

The ability to collect and store large amounts of data is transforming data-driven discovery; recent technological advances in biology allow systematic data production and storage at a previously unattainable scale. It is common for biological Big Data to have an order of magnitude or more features than samples. Feature scoring with selection is therefore an essential pre-processing step to finding meaningful clusters in these data. Many feature scoring algorithms have been proposed; they are based on dramatically different ideas about what constitutes a “good” or “important” feature. Motivated by studies in data classification, we use a rank aggregation (RANKAGG) method …

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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Benzyl Amino Purine Terhadap Pertumbuhan Beberapa Klon Tanaman Teh (Camellia Sinensis L.) O. Kuntze) Belum Menghasilkan Di Dataran Rendah, Indah Ayuningsari, Santi Rosniawaty, Yudithia Maxiselly, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari Aug 2017

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Benzyl Amino Purine Terhadap Pertumbuhan Beberapa Klon Tanaman Teh (Camellia Sinensis L.) O. Kuntze) Belum Menghasilkan Di Dataran Rendah, Indah Ayuningsari, Santi Rosniawaty, Yudithia Maxiselly, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari

Jurnal Kultivasi

Pertumbuhan tanaman teh (Camellia sinensis L.) O. Kuntze) di dataran rendah dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. Faktor genetik berupa klon unggul dan faktor lingkungan berupa aplikasi hormon eksogen diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman teh belum menghasilkan (TBM) di dataran rendah. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Klon sebagai petak utama yang terdiri dari GMB 4, GMB 7, GMB 9, dan GMB 11. Konsentrasi Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) sebagai anak petak yang terdiri dari 0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 90 ppm, dan 120 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya interaksi antara klon dan konsentrasi …

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