Digital Commons Network^™

Hops (Humulus Lupulus L.) Bitter Acids: Modulation Of Rumen Fermentation And Potential As An Alternative Growth Promoter, Michael D. Flythe, Isabelle A. Kagan, Yuxi Wang, Nelmy Narvaez

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Antibiotics can improve ruminant growth and efficiency by altering rumen fermentation via selective inhibition of microorganisms. However, antibiotic use is increasingly restricted due to concerns about the spread of antibiotic-resistance. Plant-based antimicrobials are alternatives to antibiotics in animal production. The hops plant (Humulus lupulus L.) produces a range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including antimicrobial prenylated phloroglucinols, which are commonly called alpha- and beta-acids. These latter compounds can be considered phyto-ionophores, phytochemicals with a similar antimicrobial mechanism of action to ionophore antibiotics (e.g., monensin, lasalocid). Like ionophores, the hop beta-acids inhibit rumen bacteria possessing a classical Gram-positive cell envelope. This …

Mesoscale And Submesoscale Effects On Mixed Layer Depth In The Southern Ocean, S. D. Bachman, J. R. Taylor, K. A. Adams, P. J. Hosegood

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Preliminary Study To Evaluate Issues Involved Under In Vivo Conditions Of A Delivery System Containing Immobilized Lactobacillus Plantarum Ncimb 8826 On Rice Bran Fiber Extract, Chen Liu

LSU Master's Theses

Gut diseases like diarrhea, irritable bowel symptoms, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be treated with probiotics therapy. Probiotics have been recognized for their ability to promote the development of gut health and improve immune system. However, a difficulty involved with the use of probiotics is the need for and the ability to deliver a sufficient concentration of viable probiotic to the appropriate site. This can be difficult since the most common (and probably easiest) method of delivering the probiotic is orally. As such, the probiotic must be capable of surviving the hostile conditions of passage through the G.I. tract. …

Efficacy Of A Weight Loss Intervention For African American Breast Cancer Survivors, Patricia M. Sheean, Melinda Stolley, Ben Garber, Claudia Arroyo, Linda Schiffer, Anjishnu Banerjee, Alexis Visotcky, Giamila Fantuzzi, Desmona Strahan, Lauren Matthews, Roxanne Dakers, Cynthia Carridine-Andrews, Katya Seligman, Sparkle Springfield, Angela Odoms-Young, Susan Hong, Kent Hoskins, Virginia Kaklamani, Lisa Sharp

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

African American women with breast cancer have higher cancer-specific and overall mortality rates. Obesity is common among African American women and contributes to breast cancer progression and numerous chronic conditions. Weight loss interventions among breast cancer survivors positively affect weight, behavior, biomarkers, and psychosocial outcomes, yet few target African Americans. This article examines the effects of Moving Forward, a weight loss intervention for African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS) on weight, body composition, and behavior.

The Lived Experience Of Recovery Home Residents: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Dina Chavira

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Substance use disorders have had an enormous impact on individuals, families, and communities in the United States. The societal cost of substance abuse in terms of health care, crime, and lost wages is over $700 billion annually. Despite advances in evidence-based treatments, the chronicity of substance use disorders underscores the need to explore and expand long-term aftercare options to prevent relapse after acute residential treatment. Oxford Houses offer an affordable alternative to more costly and limited forms of transitional housing. These self-sustaining, democratically-run recovery homes provide a safe and sober living environment with peer support and no professional staff. Provided …

The Impact Of Values As Heuristics On Social Cognition, Lauren James

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Stereotypes, and other forms of heuristics, are used in our everyday lives to assist our brains absorb information. An argument is made here to show that values can act as a form of heuristics and affect implicit attitudes. Drawing on research regarding implicit attitudes, heuristics, and values, we believe that values, such as equality, can act as a heuristic and consequently alter implicit attitudes on race. In this experiment, participants were primed with equality, intuition, or a stereotype inhibition prompt and ran through the affect misattribution procedure (AMP). Contrary to the hypothesized expectation, the results showed that participants in the …

Thermocatalytic-Reforming (Tcr®) And Tcr®-Biochar Properties, Markus Heberlein, Fabian Stenzel, Andreas Hornung

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

The thermo-catalytic reforming (TCR®) is an endothermic two stage process developed by Fraunhofer UMSICHT, able to process biomass and biomass residues with high ash and moisture contents as well as with low ash melting points. The process is a combination of an intermediate pyrolysis reactor and a reforming stage. The pyrolysis stage is typically running at temperatures between 400 and 500 °C and the reforming stage between 600 and 700 °C. In the first stage pyrolysis vapors and biochar are produced. In the second stage the vapors has to pass a continuous removed biochar bed in the reformer where they …

Thermal Evolution Of Biochar And Its Physicochemical Properties During Hydrothermal Gasification, Sonil Nanda, Ajay K. Dalai, Franco Berruti, Janusz A. Kozinski

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Biochar is a recalcitrant carbonaceous material obtained from pyrolysis and gasification of biomass and other biogenic wastes. Some of the promising biochar applications to be discussed in this presentation includes char gasification and combustion for energy production, soil remediation, carbon sequestration, catalysis, and development of activated carbon and specialty materials with biomedical and industrial uses. Several factors such as pyrolysis/gasification temperature, heating rates and residence time are the limiting factors that determine the biochar properties such as fixed carbon, volatile matter, mineral matter, surface area, porosity and pore size distribution, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, cation-exchange capacity, etc. This paper will comprehensively …

The Influence Of Biochar On Soil Characteristics In A Temperate Agroecosystem, Maren Oelbermann

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

While biochar as a soil amendment is not a novel concept, the addition of biochar to temperate agricultural soils represents a relatively new territory. The objectives of this study were to evaluate soil characteristics in a conventional temperate agricultural production system amended with biochar under a maize (Zea mays) crop in southern Ontario, Canada. The treatments include: poultry manure (6 t/ha) and nitrogen fertilizer (135 kg/ha) (MN); manure (3t/ha) and biochar (3t/ha) (MB); and manure (3 t/ha), fertilizer (urea) (135 kg/ha) and biochar (3 t/ha) (MNB).

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Characteristic Studies On The Waste Biomass-Based Biochars Produced By Fast Pyrolysis, Ramin Azargohar, Sonil Nanda, Janusz A. Kozinski, Ajay K. Dalai, Ronny Sutarto

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Biochar, as carbonaceous product obtained from pyrolysis of biomass, has many applications in diverse areas due to its versatile physicochemical properties. Non-food biomass has a great potential to produce biochars. In the present study, pinewood sawdust (forest residue), wheat straw and flax straw (agricultural residues), and poultry litter (livestock manure) were used as precursors for pyrolysis. Focus of this study was on the effects of fast pyrolysis temperature (400, 475, and 550 ^oC) on the characteristics of biochars produced by means of a mobile pyrolysis unit. Different characterization techniques are used to study the physical, chemical, and structural characteristics …

Developing Biosensors As Monitoring Tools To Assess The Performance Of Biochar Amended Contaminated Soil, Bastian Saputra, Stephen Rolfe, Steve Thornton

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

The application of biochar as a soil amendment is an emerging technique for low-cost remediation of contaminated soil. The high porosity and large surface area of biochar make it suitable for adsorption of contaminants such as heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Adsorption reduces the bio-availability of contaminants to soil microorganisms thus potentially increasing soil function and productivity. Many different biochars are available which differ in key properties such as contaminant adsorption and stability. To assess biochar performance as a soil amendment we will develop bacterial biosensors to measure contaminant bioavailability and toxicity at a cellular level. Biosensors …

The Role Of Bio-Char As An Agro-Environmental Tool: Formation Mechanism And Potential For Control Water Release, Bacterial Retention And Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Waled Suliman, Manuel Garcia-Perez

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

In our poster we will present information on the relationship between biochar physico-chemical properties and its performance as a soil amendment. Experimental results will be presented to document how feedstock source and pyrolysis conditions influence biochar bulk and surface properties and what effects these properties have on greenhouse gas emissions, soil water retention and movement of bacteria in sandy soils. Three lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks (poplar wood, pine bark and pine wood) were used to produce biochars at six different pyrolysis temperatures (from 350 to 600 oC).

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Agronomic Benefits And Detriments Of Using Biochar, Carlo Grignani, Raghunath Subedi, Chiara Bertora, Laura Zavattaro

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

The use of biochar, a secondary product of pyrolysis after syngas and bio-oil production for bioenergy, is promoted for agricultural purposes. Its potential for C sequestration and greenhouse gas emission reduction can help for mitigating climate change and potential adverse impacts to ecosystems. Additionally, it represents an alternative means for containing water and atmospheric pollution ascribed to large volumes of crop and animal wastes. As a soil amendment, biochar has received increased interest due to its role in enhancing nutrient- and water-use efficiencies.

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Biochar And Ash Amendment Effects On Mine Reclamation In The Boreal Forest, Jillian M.H. Bieser, Sean C. Thomas

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Natural re-vegetation of gold mine tailings, the main waste products of ore processing for gold extraction consisting of crushed rock, is difficult due to their high bioavailability of heavy metals, low nutrient status and limited organic carbon 1-3. Charcoal produced from the burning of organic matter through controlled pyrolysis, hereafter referred to as ‘biochar’, has been utilized extensively in agriculture as a climate-friendly option to remediate nutrient-poor and contaminated soils 4,5. Biochar produced from wood is highly recalcitrant, has a large surface area due to its porous structure and can bind nutrients and water, improving soil fertility 5-7. Biochar can …

Biochar Quality Management, Ataullah Khan, Don Harfield, Bruce Hillen, Fabian Stenzel, Andreas Homung

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Biochar is a structurally heterogeneous material, which can be obtained from a wide range of feedstocks including forestry, agricultural, livestock manure, and municipal residues. The availability of multiple feedstocks with different quality grades and the wide variation in process conditions employed in biochar production create a quality control challenge. Therefore it is apt to say that “Not All Biochars are Created Equal” through proper feedstock selection, pyrolysis process optimization, and selective post-treatment, the desired characteristics/properties can be tailored to suite a particular application of interest.

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Hydrous Pyrolysis Of Digestate As Alternative To Post Composting In A Biowaste Anaerobic Digestion Facility, Maria Laura Mastellone, Roberta Lotito

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Abstract is not available.

Biochar From Gasification In Cultivated Soils And Riparian Buffer Zones: Chemical Characterization, Ivano Vassura, Elisa Venturini, Alessandro G. Rombolà, Daniele Fabbri, Cristian Torri, Marco Errani, Roberto Reggiani

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

During rain events, pollutants in agricultural soils can be transported from fields to surface and/or groundwater resulting in contamination of streams and rivers. Researchers and farmers must work together to find solutions to ensure the preservation of crop production without jeopardizing water quality or the health of the ecosystem. Establishment of riparian zones may reduce the effects of diffuse discharges of pollutants into waterways. The addition of biochar to soils, particularly in a riparian zones, can reduce the mobility of contaminants and improve removal efficiency due its sorptive capacity.

Please click on the file below for full content of the …

Novel Bio-Char Characterization Strategies And Their Use To Study The Chemical And Morphological Evolution Of Material Derived From Xylan, Cellulose And Lignin, Matthew W. Smith, Manuel Garcia-Perez

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

In our poster we will present the deconvolution of Raman, X-ray Photoelectron, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra of bio-chars. To support this work, spectra calculated for a wide variety of polyaromatic structures have been examined using density functional theory. Based on the modeling results a new fitting and interpretation procedure for Raman spectra of chars has been proposed. This method identifies out of plane deformation, 5 membered ring systems, 7 + membered ring systems and heteroatom inclusions, in addition to monitoring the cluster size of aromatic domains.

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Biocharfx: Production With Carbonfx Technology, Characterization And Applications In Potting Soil Related To Plant Production, Sébastien Lange, Sylvain Bertrand

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Airex Energy started its R&D activities on torrefaction technology in 2010 and has been operating the first and only commercial-scale biocoal plant in Canada since 2015. The company has developed the patented CarbonFXTM process for biomass torrefaction. The biochar produced from this technology can be used for different applications, one of them being as a soil amendment. The biochar produced by Airex Energy is called BiocharFXTM. In Canada, the use of biochar as a soil amendment for agriculture, horticulture or mixed with other porous media, requires a certification from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

Please click on the file below …

Production Of Activated Carbon From Barley Biochar Precursor, Javier Pallarés, Ana González-Cencerrado, Inmaculada Ramos

BIO-CHAR: Production, Characterization and Applications

Agricultural production must be directed towards "sustainable agriculture", which preserves natural resources, reduces GHG emissions and maintains biodiversity. In this context, biochar is considered a product of great interest in agriculture since several studies have demonstrated its effectiveness in increasing agricultural yields, increasing the water retention capacity and nutrients in the soil, increasing the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), and ultimately improving the efficiency of fertilizers, thus reducing their use and reducing enviromental pollution.

Please click on the file below for full content of the abstract.

Pharmacological And Non-Pharmacological Management Of Depression In Patients With Alzheimer’S Disease, Alicia Cebulak

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Facilities Forum, Georgia Southern University

Auxiliary Services (2013-2021)

• In This Issue
• DFS Welcomes New AVP
• NeoCon 2017
• New Facilities Project Request Process
• Thank You to Megan Bowen
• Recycling at Operation Move-In 2017
• DFS Team at Student Job Fair
• Congrats to Taneka Rhymes
• GSU Finalists for the 2017 Climate Leadership Awards
• Electrical Shop Caught in Action

The Effects Of Perceived Danger, Fear Of Heterosexism, And Internalized Homonegativity On Public Displays Of Affection Among Gender And Sexual Minorities, John Patrick Brady

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Among the gender and sexual minority (GSM/GSMs plural) population, public displays of affection (PDA) “out” the participants to observers. Any minor display of affection - such as holding hands or comforting a partner - can lead to verbal harassment or physical assault. In addition to this perceived danger, GSM couples must take into account the possibility of less dangerous and direct forms of heterosexism, such as the denial of business services or poor response from authorities to discrimination. This fear of nonviolent prejudice and discrimination is referred to as a fear of heterosexism. Due to a negative view of their …

Secondary Students’ Writing Achievement Goals: Assessing The Mediating Effects Of Mastery And Performance Goals On Writing Self-Efficacy, Affect, And Writing Achievement, Meryem Yilmaz Soylu, Mary G. Zeleny, Ruomeng Zhao, Roger H. Bruning, Michael S. Dempsey, Douglas F. Kauffman

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The two studies reported here explored the factor structure of the newly constructed Writing Achievement Goal Scale (WAGS), and examined relationships among secondary students’ writing achievement goals, writing self-efficacy, affect for writing, and writing achievement. In the first study, 697 middle school students completed the WAGS. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit for this data with a three-factor model that corresponds with mastery, performance approach, and performance avoidance goals. The results of Study 1 were an indication for the researchers to move forward with Study 2, which included 563 high school students. The secondary students completed theWAGS, as …

Stereotypes Of Saudi Women Among Saudi College Students, Ali Hadi Omair

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the nature of stereotypes regarding Saudi women in contemporary Saudi Arabia. Despite the extremely high levels of inequality between men and women that The Global Gender Gap has documented in Saudi Arabia (American Association of University Women, 2014), little is known about the actual perception of women within Saudi society. Several factors in Saudi Arabia’s history—including its pastoral herding economy, tendency toward frequent warfare, and polygamous family structure (Wagemakers et al., 2012)—link Saudi society with a tendency to encourage the formation of restrictive gender stereotypes that may be particularly harmful to women (Alesina et al., 2013; Nisbett …

Maternal Trauma Experience On Infant Cortisol Reactivity At 12 Months, Michelle Anne Gilchrist

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health concern in the United States (US). One third of women in the US have experienced rape, physical assault or stalking by a former or current partner (Black et al., 2011). Evidence suggests that women experience increased risk for IPV during the perinatal period and exposure to IPV during and after pregnancy increases risk for adverse physical and mental health outcomes for victims. The “fetal programming” hypothesis proposes that prenatal experiences are also particularly impactful for offspring development in the short and long term; prenatal poor nutrition and stress have been linked …

Geometric Morphometric Analysis Of The Pedal Claw Of The Early Cretaceous Bird Confuciusornis Sanctus (Confuciusornithidae) And Its Functional And Behavioral Implications, Annie P. Mcintosh

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

onfuciusornis sanctus (Hou et al., 1995) is an Early Cretaceous bird from the Liaoning Province of northeastern China. Much work has been published on this species, but some details of its habitat and behavior remain unclear. In this study, a geometric morphometric analysis of the ungual of the second pedal digit of Confuciusornis sanctus was performed to determine how its morphology compares to that of extant birds and which morphological variables best distinguish between taxonomic and behavioral groups. A total of 128 specimens was examined, comprising 104 extant bird species across 15 orders and Confuciusornis sanctus. Three fixed landmarks and …

Egg Morphology, Dispersal, And Transmission In Acanthocephalan Parasites: Integrating Phylogenetic And Ecological Approaches, Alana C. Pfenning

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Acanthocephalans are endoparasites that infect arthropods as intermediate hosts and vertebrates as definitive hosts and are found in diverse habitats (freshwater, marine, terrestrial) throughout the world. Free-living eggs are expelled from the definitive host into the environment, which are then consumed by an intermediate host. Once ingested by the intermediate host the parasite undergoes a series of developmental stages, the final stage is infectious to the definitive host. Transmission to a definitive host occurs when the predator consumes an intermediate host containing an infectious parasite. The parasites reach sexual maturity within the definitive host. Most research to date has focused …

Decoding Mechanisms Of Bio-Interactions For Targeted Management Of Agricultural Pests, Qian Wei, Qu Jing, Kang Le

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Pathogens and insect pests are the most formidable threats to sustainable crop production in China as well as the rest of the world. At present, the most common method of pest control is the use of chemical pesticides that target the basic metabolism, physiological and biochemical processes, and nerve receptors of pests and microbial organisms, leading to poisoning of humans and animals, agricultural pollution, and ecological damage. A great breakthrough in the next generation of pest control will be the artificial manipulation of bioinformation exchanges among crop, insect pests, and pathogenic microbial organisms. Decoding the molecular mechanisms of biointeractions is …

Advances In Research Of Plant Non-Coding Rnas And Rnai-Based Technology Against Insects Herbivore, Mao Ying-Bo, Chen Dian-Yang, Chen Xiao-Ya

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and short interference RNAs (siRNAs), exist widely in eukaryotes and affect gene expressions at different levels. In plant, ncRNAs are involved in growth, development, response to biotic and abiotic stresses, and are important players in epigenetics. RNA interference (RNAi) refers to homology gene silencing caused by double strand RNAs (dsRNAs) and is a major mechanism of gene expression regulation by ncRNAs. Since discovery, RNAi has been developed as a powerful technology for genetic analysis, gene therapy, and plant protection. In this review, we summarize the …