Digital Commons Network^™

Biocompatible Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Composites From Cellulose And Chitosan: Facile Synthesis, Unique Structure, And Antimicrobial Activity, Chieu D. Tran, James Makuvaza, Erik Munson, Brian Bennett

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Copper in various forms has been known to have bactericidal activity. Challenges to its application include preventing mobilization of the copper, to both extend activity and avoid toxicity, and bioincompatibility of many candidate substrates for copper immobilization. Using a simple ionic liquid, butylmethylimmidazolium chloride as the solvent, we developed a facile and green method to synthesize biocompatible composites containing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) from cellulose (CEL) and chitosan (CS) or CEL and keratin (KER). Spectroscopy and imaging results indicate that CEL, CS, and KER remained chemically intact and were homogeneously distributed in the composites with CuONPs with size of 22 …

Active Site Structures Of Cyp11a1 In The Presence Of Its Physiological Substrates And Alterations Upon Binding Of Adrenodoxin, Qianhong Zhu, Piotr J. Mak, Robert C. Tuckey, James R. Kincaid

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The rate-limiting step in the steroid synthesis pathway is catalyzed by CYP11A1 through three sequential reactions. The first two steps involve hydroxylations at positions 22 and 20, generating 20(R),22(R)-dihydroxycholesterol (20R,22R-DiOHCH), with the third stage leading to a C20–C22 bond cleavage, forming pregnenolone. This work provides detailed information about the active site structure of CYP11A1 in the resting state and substrate-bound ferric forms as well as the CO-ligated adducts. In addition, high-quality resonance Raman spectra are reported for the dioxygen complexes, providing new insight into the status of Fe–O–O fragments encountered during the …

User-Friendly Taxpaying, Kathleen Delaney Thomas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Dna Exonerations And The Elusive Promise Of Criminal Justice Reform, Carissa Byrne Hessick

Faculty Publications

Review of Wrongful Convictions and the DNA Revolution: Twenty-Five Years of Freeing the Innocent (Daniel S. Medwed ed., Cambridge University Press 2017).

Disparities In Infant Mortality: Are Sociocultural Risk Factors Shaped By Institutionalized Racism?, Madison Grimm

Honors Program Theses

The infant mortality rate (IMR) is an incredibly important indicator of the overall health of a nation. Because the IMR is so closely related with factors such as quality and accessibility of healthcare and socioeconomic conditions, it is helpful in evaluating a nation’s success. The United States (US) has one of the highest infant mortality rates among countries with a similar degree of economic development (those belonging to the OECD). In 2013, the IMR was 5.96 deaths per 1,000 live births, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC (Mathews, MacDorman, & Thoma, 2015). Furthermore, this rate …

Anolis Equestris (Cuban Knight Anole), Christopher J. Thawley, Andrew C. Battles, Sozos N. Michaelides, Jason J. Kolbe

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Controlled Manipulation Of Floating Objects On Deformed Fluid Interfaces And Conditions For Stable Equilibria, Jose M. Carballo, Qi Ni, Jose Vasquez, Nathan B. Crane

Faculty Publications

At the millimeter scale, interactions between floating and semi-immersed objects are significant. The local curvature of the interface is modified by the weight/buoyancy forces of floating objects, and by the surface properties of semi-immersed objects. The curvature changes generate attractive (or repulsive) interactions between floating parts, and semi-immersed objects. This work demonstrates how electrowetting can manipulate these interactions in order to position, align, assemble and transport parts attached to the fluid interface. This demonstrates one way in which fluid interfaces can provide an alternative to standard pick and place technology for part positioning/assembly. Typically, the part/rod forces are purely attractive …

Fundamental Principles Of Tremor Propagation In The Upper Limb, Andrew D. Davidson, Steven Knight Charles

Faculty Publications

Although tremor is the most common movement disorder, there exist few effective tremor-suppressing devices, in part because the characteristics of tremor throughout the upper limb are unknown. To clarify, optimally suppressing tremor requires a knowledge of the mechanical origin, propagation, and distribution of tremor throughout the upper limb. Here we present the first systematic investigation of how tremor propagates between the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist. We simulated tremor propagation using a linear, time-invariant, lumped-parameter model relating joint torques and the resulting joint displacements. The model focused on the seven main degrees of freedom from the shoulder to the wrist …

Jewish Families In The United States, Trevan Hatch, Loren Marks, David C. Dollahite

Faculty Publications

As mentioned in chapter 8, the rich context of religious minority families offers the chance to highlight issues like identity formation in youth and emerging adults, the importance of social support from their religious community, and the unique challenges religious minorities face as they strive to live their religion. In this chapter we feature Judaism and the 30 Jewish families from the American Families of Faith project.

Let The Machines Out. Towards Hybrid Social Systems, M Straeubig

School of Art, Design and Architecture

INTRODUCTION When Alan Turing proposed the imitation game as a method to investigate the question if machines can think, he described a social system. However, the various disciplines that have pursued this seminal enquiry rarely touch base with sociological concepts. Cybernetics developed into various interdisciplinary fields, yet it was mainly rooted in physiological models. In the meantime, the mainstream of AI focused on cognitive problem solving, predominately from a topdown approach. Traditional cognitive science rests on the concept of organisms as information processing systems - so does Artificial Life, but from a biological simulation perspective. The recently revitalised branch of …

Corticosteroid-Laba Inhalers Increase Phonation Threshold Pressure (Ptp) And Flow (Ptf) In Rabbits, Christopher Dromey, Kristine Tanner, Heidi J. Robison, Maya Elena Stevens, Ray M. Merrill, Julie Barkmeier-Kraemer, Ben Christensen

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study examined the effects of a combination corticosteroid plus long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist inhaler (IC) on rabbit phonation. Methods: White New Zealand male rabbits were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (n = 11 per group). The experimental group received twice-daily doses of Advair HFA™ (fluticasone propionate 45 mcg and salmeterol 21 mcg) via a veterinary facemask with 1-way valve and spacer; the control group received aerosolized saline. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, larynges excised, frozen, and subsequently thawed and mounted on a standard bench apparatus. Phonation was elicited during 15 successive trials, and phonation threshold pressure …

Ideas About Nature In American Art And Visual Culture, Mark Graham

Faculty Publications

The stories we tell ourselves about nature deeply influence how we attempt to preserve, use, or restore nature as well as practices of art and art education that are concerned with ecological issues (Cronon 1996). Landscapes are culture before they are nature (Schama 1996). Yet, our ideas about wilderness, nature, landscape, and sustainability are fraught with paradox and debate. For example, Darwin’s fundamental assertions about the human relationship to nature continue to spark theological, political and educational controversies. Some environmentalists caution that our consumerist economy will destroy the planet and that we need to return to a less sophisticated technology …

Structural Covariance Of Sensory Networks, The Cerebellum, And Amygdala In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Garrett Cardon, Susan Hepburn, Donald C. Rojas

Faculty Publications

Sensory dysfunction is a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and abnormalities with sensory responsivity and processing can be extremely debilitating to ASD patients and their families. However, relatively little is known about the underlying neuroanatomical and neurophysiological factors that lead to sensory abnormalities in ASD. Investigation into these aspects of ASD could lead to significant advancements in our general knowledge about ASD, as well as provide targets for treatment and inform diagnostic procedures. Thus, the current study aimed to measure the covariation of volumes of brain structures (i.e., structural magnetic resonance imaging) that may be involved in abnormal …

Conceptualizing The Neurobiology Of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury From The Perspective Of The Research Domain Criteria Project, Scott R. Braithwaite, Melinda Westlund Schreiner, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Erin D. Begnel, Kathryn R. Cullen

Faculty Publications

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) commonly starts in adolescence and is associated with an array of negative outcomes. Neurobiological research investigating NSSI is in its early stages and most studies have examined this behavior within the context of specific diagnoses. However, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative encourages researchers to examine brain-behavior relationships across diagnoses. This review on the neurobiology associated with NSSI is organized using the domains proposed by RDoC: Negative Valence, Positive Valence, Cognitive, Social Processes, and Arousal/Regulatory Systems. Evidence of neurobiological anomalies is found in each of these domains. We also propose future research directions, especially in regard to …

The Relationship Between Family Support; Pain And Depression In Elderly With Arthritis, Wendy C. Birmingham, Man Hung, Jerry Bounsanga, Maren W. Voss, Anthony B. Crum, Wei Chen

Faculty Publications

The prevalence and chronic nature of arthritis make it the most common cause of disability among U.S.A adults. Family support reduces the negative impact of chronic conditions generally but its role in pain and depression for arthritic conditions is not well understood. A total of 844 males (35.0%) and 1567 females (65.0%) with arthritic conditions (n = 2411) were drawn from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study to examine the effect of family support on pain and depressive symptoms. Using regression analysis and controlling for age, ethnicity, gender, marital/educational status and employment/income, physical function/disability status, pain and antidepressant medications, and …

Cortical Thickness Of Neural Substrates Supporting Cognitive Empathy In Individuals With Schizophrenia, Derin J. Cobia, Suena H. Massey, Daniel Stern, Eva C. Alden, Julie E. Petersen, Lei Wang, John G. Csernansky, Matthew J. Smith

Faculty Publications

Background—Cognitive empathy is supported by the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC), insula (INS), supplementary motor area (SMA), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), and precuneus (PREC). In healthy controls, cortical thickness in these regions has been linked to cognitive empathy. As cognitive empathy is impaired in schizophrenia, we examined whether reduced cortical thickness in these regions was associated with poorer cognitive empathy in this population.

Methods—41 clinically-stable community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia and 46 healthy controls group-matched on demographic variables completed self-report empathy questionnaires, a cognitive empathy task, and structural magnetic resonance imaging. We examined between-group …

Algal Polysaccharide Utilisation By Saprotrophic Planktonic Marine Fungi, Michael Cunliffe, Anita Hollingsworth, Cal Bain, Vikram Sharma, Joe D. Taylor

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society. The functional roles that marine mycoplankton fulfil are poorly understood, resulting in a lack of knowledge of their ecology. Here we show, using DNA Stable Isotope Probing with 13 C-labelled diatom polysaccharide microgels, that mycoplankton assimilate algal-derived particulate organic carbon (POC), identifying two genera, Malassezia and Cladosporium, which are active saprotrophs in coastal waters. We subsequently isolated polysaccharide-utilising Cladosporium strains from the same ecosystem and that are well-represented in marine mycoplankton assemblages. At the study site, Cladosporium occurs across multiple years and is associated with diatoms. During growth with the polysaccharide laminarin, …

Animal Behaviour: A Very Short Introduction, M Briffa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Animal behaviour: a very short introduction is number 513 in a vast series of very short introductions covering subjects from Accounting to Zionism. These pocket-sized paperbacks are nicely produced and dangerously collectable for those into that sort of thing. One reviewer has described the series as ‘the thinking person’s Wikipedia’ and the stated aim of the series is to provide ‘stimulating ways into new subjects’. So I am going to review Animal behaviour from this perspective: how effective would it be in stimulating a nonspecialist to delve into our field?

The Deposition And Accumulation Of Microplastics In Marine Sediments And Bottom Water From The Irish Continental Shelf, Jake Martin, Amy Lusher, Richard C. Thompson, Audrey Morley

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Realising The Full Potential Of Primary Care: Uniting The ‘Two Faces’ Of Generalism, Joanne Reeve, Richard Byng

Peninsula Medical School

Faced with an unprecedented mismatch between presented health needs and resources available, we must rethink both how we deliver healthcare and what care we deliver. Work has already started on the ‘how’: notably with efforts to strengthen access and integration — improved coordination of the comprehensive care needed to meet a diverse range of needs.2 It is defining ‘what’ to deliver that is proving more challenging. To address emerging problems of over- and under-treatment associated with the undue specialisation of healthcare,3 we need to strengthen delivery of generalist medical care.4 This means that we need to bolster the capacity to …

The Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project: Study Design And Sample Selection, D. C. Koboldt, D. E. Larson, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Pretreatment With Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Protects The Neonatal Brain Against The Effects Of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury, Tammy Z. Movsas, Rebecca L. Weiner, M. Banks Greenberg, David M. Holtzman, Rafael Galindo

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Smoking As An Early Risk Factor For Problematic Parenting Practices, Mini Tandon, Julia D. Grant, Pamela A.F. Madden, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Andrew C. Heath

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Time Course Of The Effects Of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate In Two Phase 3, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trials In Adults With Binge‐Eating Disorder, Susan L. Mcelroy, James I. Hudson, Maria Gasior, Barry K. Herman, Jana Radewonuk, Denise Wilfley, Joan Busner

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Two Years Of Calorie Restriction On Aerobic Capacity And Muscle Strength, Susan B. Racette, James Rochon, Mary L. Uhrich, Dennis T. Villareal, Sai Krupa Das, Luigi Fontana, Manjushri Bhapkar, Corby K. Martin, Leanne M. Redman, Paul J. Fuss, Susan B. Roberts, William E. Kraus

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Congenital Neurodevelopmental Anomalies In Pediatric And Young Adult Cancer, Jeannette R. Wong-Siegel, Kimberly J. Johnson, Katie Gettinger, Nicole Cousins, Nicole Mcamis, Ashley Zamarione, Todd E. Druley

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Extrahepatic Toxicity Of Acetaminophen: Critical Evaluation Of The Evidence And Proposed Mechanisms, Stefanie Kennon-Mcgill, Mitchell R. Mcgill

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Fgfr2 Amplification In Colorectal Adenocarcinoma, Jamal H. Carter, Catherine E. Cottrell, Samantha N. Mcnulty, Katinka A. Vigh-Conrad, Stephen Lamp, Jonathan W. Heusel, Eric J. Duncavage

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Practical Use Of Genome Sequencing Data In The Management Of A Feline Colony Pedigree, Fabiana H.G Farias, Chad Tomlinson, Jeffrey Labuda, Gerardo Perez-Camargo, Rondo Middleton, Wesley C. Warren

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Tumor Diversity And Evolution Revealed Through Radseq, Elizabeth B. Perry, Alvin Makohon-Moore, Caihong Zheng, Charles K. Kaufman, Jun Cai, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue, Richard M. White

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.