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2017

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Development Of Computational Techniques For Regulatory Dna Motif Identification Based On Big Biological Data, Jinyu Yang Jan 2017

Development Of Computational Techniques For Regulatory Dna Motif Identification Based On Big Biological Data, Jinyu Yang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Accurate regulatory DNA motif (or motif) identification plays a fundamental role in the elucidation of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in a cell and can strongly support the regulatory network construction for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Next-generation sequencing techniques generate a huge amount of biological data for motif identification. Specifically, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) enables researchers to identify motifs on a genome scale. Recently, technological improvements have allowed for DNA structural information to be obtained in a high-throughput manner, which can provide four DNA shape features. The DNA shape has been found as a complementary factor …

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Screen Printed Carbon Electrode Based Microfluidic Biosensor For Sweat Cortisol Detection, Shailu Shree Poudyal Jan 2017

Screen Printed Carbon Electrode Based Microfluidic Biosensor For Sweat Cortisol Detection, Shailu Shree Poudyal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A simple, cost-effective, microfluidic, field-deployable biosensor with screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was developed for detection of sweat cortisol with point of care applications. Cortisol detection in artificial sweat is an important screening tool for diagnosis and monitoring of various health conditions like Addison’s disease, stress disorder, and Cushing’s syndrome. A self-assembled monolayer of graphene oxide (GO) is functionalized on SPCE electrode, onto which cortisol antibodies are immobilized for cortisol detection. Microfluidic system ensured precise and controlled flow of reagents and antibodies. Electrochemical measurement is done using cyclic voltammetry, as a function of cortisol concentrations. Cyclic voltammetry measurement gives current …

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Impacts Of Integrated Crop-Livestock System On Soil Surface Greenhouse Gas Fluxes At A Farm Scale In South Dakota, Brant Douville Jan 2017

Impacts Of Integrated Crop-Livestock System On Soil Surface Greenhouse Gas Fluxes At A Farm Scale In South Dakota, Brant Douville

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Grazing and cover crops (CC) can impact soil nutrient cycling but may increase the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils. However, little is known about their impacts on soil properties and soil surface GHG emissions in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) in South Dakota, USA. The present study was conducted at a farm scale at the Research Farm of South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, to assess the impact of cover crops and grazing on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and bulk density (BD), and soil surface carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide …

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Biofilm Formation By Common Dairy Sporeformers On Native And Modified Stainless Steel Surfaces, Shivali Jindal Jan 2017

Biofilm Formation By Common Dairy Sporeformers On Native And Modified Stainless Steel Surfaces, Shivali Jindal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aerobic sporeformers can be traced in a variety of dairy products such as milk powders, evaporated milk, and canned products, which demonstrates their capability of resisting high temperature treatments such as pasteurization and Ultra high temperatures. These bacilli also actively attach to the stainless steel surfaces, consequently resulting in the formation of biofilms. Product quality as well as its safety is undesirably affected by the growth of these sporeforming bacteria. Therefore, creating an ideal environment for the processing of dairy products is a critical challenge for the dairy industry. Hence, the objective of this research was to analyze various surface …

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Senecavirus A: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis And Infection Dynamics, Lok Raj Joshi Jan 2017

Senecavirus A: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis And Infection Dynamics, Lok Raj Joshi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Senecavirus A (SVA) is a positive sense single-stranded virus that belongs to the genus Senecavirus within the family Picornaviridae. Senecavirus has been present in US swine population since 1988. However, there have been only a few reports of SVA associated with disease in last two decades. In late 2014 early 2015, a sudden increase in the number of cases of Senecavirus A associated with vesicular disease was observed in Brazil, the US and China. Affected pigs presented vesicles on snout, coronary band, and dewclaw. Additionaly, increased neonatal mortality has been reported in the field. Many aspects of SVA epidemiology, …

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Characterization Of Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis In Wheat And Rye To Study Tan Spot Susceptibility And Insights Into Its Relationship With Stem Rust Resistance, Sidrat Abdullah Jan 2017

Characterization Of Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis In Wheat And Rye To Study Tan Spot Susceptibility And Insights Into Its Relationship With Stem Rust Resistance, Sidrat Abdullah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tan spot, caused by the ascomycete fungus, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), is a major foliar fungal disease of wheat worldwide. To date, Ptr isolates have been grouped into eight races based on the production of three host selective effectors (toxins), Ptr ToxA, ToxB, and ToxC, which are associated with necrosis and chlorosis symptoms on wheat differential lines. In order to see the correlation between stem rust resistance and tan spot susceptibility in 1970’s, to know the pathogen virulence profile, and explore the sources of tan spot resistance, we recovered isolates from wheat and rye and evaluated wheat and rye lines with …

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Silencing Seed Dormancy Genes To Mitigate Risk Of Transgene Flow To Weedy Rice, Alexander Wireko Kena Jan 2017

Silencing Seed Dormancy Genes To Mitigate Risk Of Transgene Flow To Weedy Rice, Alexander Wireko Kena

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The flow of fitness-enhancing transgenes from genetically modified crops into wild/weed relatives may cause serious ecological and economic consequences. Seed dormancy (SD) is a key adaptive trait that distributes germination over time, resulting in weed persistence in agroecosystems. Thus, silencing major genes controlling SD would reduce the adaptive fitness of weeds. SD-enhancing genes cloned from weedy rice include SD7-1, SD7-2, SD12a, SD12b, and SD12c. The goal of this study was to develop a transgenic mitigation (TM) strategy using SD gene-silencing structures as mitigating factors to reduce the risk of transgene flow to wild/weed populations. TM vector constructs consisted of the …

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Assessing The Near-Wall Hemodynamics In The Left Coronary Artery Using Cfd, John Junior Asiruwa Jan 2017

Assessing The Near-Wall Hemodynamics In The Left Coronary Artery Using Cfd, John Junior Asiruwa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to computationally investigate the flow mechanics and the near-wall hemodynamics associated with the different take-off angles in the left coronary artery of the human heart. From this study, we will be able to evaluate if the increase in the take-off angles of the left coronary artery will significantly increases or decrease the likelihood of plaque (atherosclerosis) buildup in the left coronary artery bifurcations. This study quantifies the effects of the varying take-off angles on the branches along the left anterior descending (LAD) of the left coronary artery using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The …

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Interactive Effects Of Cover Crops, Invertebrate Communities And Soil Health In Corn Production Systems, Claire Lacanne Jan 2017

Interactive Effects Of Cover Crops, Invertebrate Communities And Soil Health In Corn Production Systems, Claire Lacanne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The adoption of regenerative farming practices is gaining traction, but the costs and benefits are not often considered on a systems level. Encouraging biodiversity and soil health is the goal of many agricultural practices used in regenerative farming; regenerative systems employ practices which abide by the two main principles of increasing biodiversity and decreasing disturbance, with the goal of encouraging ecosystem functioning to minimize inputs and maximize the productivity of a farm. I examined the management of corn (Zea mays) fields across four states in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Regenerative systems in this study …

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Phenotypic Plasticity Of Native And Invasive Cool-Season Grasses In Response To Frequency Of Moisture Availability, Ming-Yu Stephens Jan 2017

Phenotypic Plasticity Of Native And Invasive Cool-Season Grasses In Response To Frequency Of Moisture Availability, Ming-Yu Stephens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of an individual to alter its growth in response to environmental conditions, is an attribute that is considered a likely invader attribute, as it provides the opportunity to expand its ecological niche breadth. Adaptive phenotypic plasticity can affect not only the ability to establish in a new environment, but also the ability to outperform the existing vegetation over time. Bromus inermis (smooth brome) and Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) are invasive species in tall- and mixed-grass prairie ecosystems. The objectives of this two-part study were to quantify the adaptive plasticity of biomass accumulation and tiller production in …

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Biotic Integrity In The Northwestern Great Plains And Mechanisms Regulating Stream Condition In South Dakota, Chad Kaiser Jan 2017

Biotic Integrity In The Northwestern Great Plains And Mechanisms Regulating Stream Condition In South Dakota, Chad Kaiser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Anthropogenic disturbance of streams can alter biotic integrity in various ways. Some degradation is easy to classify and monitor, others such as habitat impairment may be less easy to quantify. The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) is a unique method of assessing the aquatic health of an ecosystem. Beginning in 2010 the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources (SD DENR) began implementing biological monitoring on wadeable streams by developing an IBI for the Northern Glaciated Plains ecoregion in eastern SD (Krause et al. 2013). Prior to this survey the condition of the majority of SD’s streams was unknown. …

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Heterogeneous Nitrogen Losses: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Changes In Management Across South Dakota, Archibold Quaye Jan 2017

Heterogeneous Nitrogen Losses: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Changes In Management Across South Dakota, Archibold Quaye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The loss of nitrogen fertilizer into the atmosphere and waterways is of increasing concern for citizens and policy makers. This is particularly relevant for hypoxia in rivers, lakes, and oceans, but also relevant for policy makers in reducing the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. GHGs trap heat in the atmosphere and include: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases. Overall, the estimated contribution from the agricultural sector to GHG emissions was 9% in 2013 (EPA, 2013). Further, the addition of nitrogen to the soil through the use of synthetic fertilizers is a main contributor to …

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Identification Of Physiological And Morphological Traits Governing High Water Use Efficiency In Alfalfa, Krishna Ghimire Jan 2017

Identification Of Physiological And Morphological Traits Governing High Water Use Efficiency In Alfalfa, Krishna Ghimire

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Alfalfa is an important forage crop worldwide. Being deep-rooted, N2-fixing and high yielding, alfalfa has great economic, ecological and nutritional benefits. While alfalfa is a high yielding crop, its high productivity depends on irrigation water in many areas and consumes the greatest amount of water among all the major crops. With a growing demand for water resources due to an increase in human population and industrial water use, plus frequent drought due to climate change, irrigation water has become increasingly scarce and expensive. To sustain high production of alfalfa with limited water resource, alfalfa cultivars with improved water use efficiency …

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Exploring The Relationship Between Immediacy Behaviors And Student Motivation In Engineering Classrooms: Immediacy As A Cause Of Motivation, Andrea N. Barahona Guerrero Jan 2017

Exploring The Relationship Between Immediacy Behaviors And Student Motivation In Engineering Classrooms: Immediacy As A Cause Of Motivation, Andrea N. Barahona Guerrero

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Instructor immediacy is an essential characteristic of effective instructors. Although instructional communication has done extensive research on the impact of immediacy behaviors on students, there is little available research observing immediacy behaviors as predictors of motivation on engineering students. As a result, this study examined the impact of engineering instructors’ use of immediacy behaviors on engineering students’ motivation. The results indicated that verbal immediacy predicted engineering student motivation. The thematic analysis revealed that when students perceived their instructors as helpful, students’ motivation to learn and ask more questions increased. The thematic analysis also observed that when instructors seemed unapproachable, students …

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The Synthetic Biology Of N2-Fixing Cyanobacteria For Photosynthetic Terpenoid Production, Charles T. Halfmann Jan 2017

The Synthetic Biology Of N2-Fixing Cyanobacteria For Photosynthetic Terpenoid Production, Charles T. Halfmann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the last few decades, concerns over global climate change, energy security, and environmental pollution have been rising. To overcome these challenges, the concept of “-nth generation” biofuels has emerged as a strategy to convert solar radiation into fuels and bulk industrial chemicals for societal use, while decreasing our consumption of nonrenewable energy sources. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria hold a distinct advantage in biofuel production over plants, given their ability to convert sunlight, air (CO2 and N2), and mineralized water to energy-dense carbon molecules, as well as fix atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia for metabolism. Engineered cyanobacteria with …

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Evaluation Of Supplementing Brewer's Yeast To Lactating Dairy Cows, Taylor Christine Aubrey Jan 2017

Evaluation Of Supplementing Brewer's Yeast To Lactating Dairy Cows, Taylor Christine Aubrey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Probiotics have been used as effective, natural feed additives in the dairy industry to improve animal health and performance. Yeast product supplementation can be beneficial in the diet of lactating dairy cows by increasing feed efficiency, alleviating disease, and improving production performance under heat stress. Objectives of this study were to evaluate supplementing a concentrated brewer’s yeast in the ration of a lactating dairy cow by assessing milk yield and composition, blood metabolites, rumen fermentation, and feed intake and efficiency. We hypothesized that diets containing a concentrated brewer’s yeast supplement would increase milk and component yields, benefit rumen fermentation, and …

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The Influence Of Chromium Supplementation On The Insulin Pathway, Carcass Traits, And Meat Quality Of Feedlot Steers, Heather Rode Jan 2017

The Influence Of Chromium Supplementation On The Insulin Pathway, Carcass Traits, And Meat Quality Of Feedlot Steers, Heather Rode

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chromium supplementation (Cr) can increase efficiency of growth in livestock by amplifying insulin signaling. Previous research showed Cr increases nutrient utilization and changes in muscle growth and fat deposition. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine how Cr affects carcass traits, meat quality, and the insulin pathway in feedlot steers. Calf-fed steers were allotted to 0 ppb (CON) or 400 ppb Cr propionate (Cr400) for 210d in experiment 1. Two longissimus muscle (LM) biopsies were collected to examine protein abundance and gene expression after adaptation to a terminal implant and after adaption to ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC). A follow …

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Stigma In Medical Settings As Reported Retrospectively By Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Cah) For Their Childhood And Adolescence, Heino F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, Jananne Khuri, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Maria I. New Jan 2017

Stigma In Medical Settings As Reported Retrospectively By Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Cah) For Their Childhood And Adolescence, Heino F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, Jananne Khuri, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Maria I. New

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Objectives To perform a qualitative study of stigma experienced in medical settings by children and adolescents with congenital genital ambiguity (CGA). Methods 62 women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) of variable severity took part in a qualitative retrospective interview that focused on the impact of CAH and its medical treatment, with an emphasis on childhood and adolescence. Categorization of stigmatization was based on deductive content analysis of the interview transcripts. Results Many women recalled experiencing the genital examinations in childhood and adolescence as adverse, stigmatizing events, leading to avoidance reactions and self-perception as abnormal, particularly when the examinations included …

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Law Enforcement’S Use Of Weaponized Drones: Today And Tomorrow, Amanda A. Porter Jan 2017

Law Enforcement’S Use Of Weaponized Drones: Today And Tomorrow, Amanda A. Porter

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Teaching The Hipaa Privacy Rule, Stacey A. Tovino Jan 2017

Teaching The Hipaa Privacy Rule, Stacey A. Tovino

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Producing Dihydrofurans Using Palladium (Ii) Catalyst And Optimized Base, Chandler Mitchell Jan 2017

Producing Dihydrofurans Using Palladium (Ii) Catalyst And Optimized Base, Chandler Mitchell

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Dihydrofurans serve as building blocks for other compounds in organic synthesis. The main goal of this project was to discover an efficient and relatively inexpensive pathway for producing monosubstituted dihydrofurans in high yield from cyclic boronic half acids. Aldehydes were converted to homoallylic alcohols by the addition of allylmagnesium bromide. The alcohols were then transformed into cyclic boronic half acids using ringclosing metathesis with Grubbs 1st Generation Catalyst and alkenyl boronic esters. Finally, monosubstituted dihydrofurans were produced using a palladium (II) catalyst with a base. Palladium (II) catalysts that were tested include [1,1'- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium (II) dichloride, palladium (II) acetate with …

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An Exploration Of Dance Therapy, Its Origins, And Its Applications In Parkinson’S Disease, Emilia Floody Jan 2017

An Exploration Of Dance Therapy, Its Origins, And Its Applications In Parkinson’S Disease, Emilia Floody

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Throughout history, dance has been used as a means of promoting health and wellbeing and for healing the sick. These practices date back to some of the earliest Neolithic societies with the advent of the circle dance in shamanistic cultures and continue into today’s society. Notable examples of healing dances include dances devoted to Apollo in ancient Greek culture, the dancing manias of medieval Europe, and the tarantism of southern Italy that dates back to the fourteenth century. Today, the primary role of dance in healing is the use of dance/movement therapy which, according to the website of the American …

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Determining The Effects Of Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropanol, And Glycerol On Both Thermal Stability And Catalytic Activity Of Rv0045c, An Enzyme From M. Tuberculosis, Katelyn Baumer Jan 2017

Determining The Effects Of Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropanol, And Glycerol On Both Thermal Stability And Catalytic Activity Of Rv0045c, An Enzyme From M. Tuberculosis, Katelyn Baumer

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious respiratory disease contracted through the inhalation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Serine hydrolases are abundant in M. tuberculosis and serve as a model for studying the inhibition of TB. Rv0045c is an example of such with little known regarding its biological function. Rv0045c was exposed to methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, or glycerol and the effects of varying concentration of these alcohols on the catalytic efficiency and thermal stability of the enzyme was determined. The thermal stability of Rv0045c was found to decrease with concentration of methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol. The opposite was true of the thermal stability …

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An Evaluation Of Mumps Antibody Titers Among Pharmacy Students Before And After A University Mumps Outbreak, Kiley Shelley Jan 2017

An Evaluation Of Mumps Antibody Titers Among Pharmacy Students Before And After A University Mumps Outbreak, Kiley Shelley

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Mumps outbreaks continue to transpire across the United States despite the available MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) vaccine and seemingly high vaccination rates. There is limited evidence surrounding the management, impact, and prevention of mumps outbreaks. In particular, there are currently no formal recommendations from the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) regarding the administration of additional doses of the MMR vaccine during a mumps outbreak. Furthermore, there are unanswered questions of possible waning of vaccine-induced mumps immunity and the impact of a third dose of the MMR vaccine to assist in mumps outbreak control. Existing studies suggest that administration of the …

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Elucidation Of Abscisic Acid In Stress Resistance Of Mnium Cuspidatum Through Salt Exposure And Chlorophyll Content Analysis, Kurt Corsbie Jan 2017

Elucidation Of Abscisic Acid In Stress Resistance Of Mnium Cuspidatum Through Salt Exposure And Chlorophyll Content Analysis, Kurt Corsbie

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Upon exposure to stresses, a battery of reactions occurs within the model moss Physcomitrella patens that induces the expression of defense-related genes. One of these reactions results in the production of abscisic acid (ABA), a plant hormone that helps a plant resist desiccation by inducing the activation of defense genes which results in protective physiological reactions. In this study, experiments were conducted on the moss species Mnium cuspidatum to see if it responds similarly to P. patens. This comparison was investigated as sample groups of M. cuspidatum and P. patens were pre-treated with 0µM, 50µM, or 500µM ABA to …

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Dreadlocks (Dock) Is Necessary To Regulate Growth Of The Germline Ring Canals In The Developing Drosophila Melanogaster Egg Chamber, Olivia Crowe Jan 2017

Dreadlocks (Dock) Is Necessary To Regulate Growth Of The Germline Ring Canals In The Developing Drosophila Melanogaster Egg Chamber, Olivia Crowe

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Infertility is a prevalent issue in the United States, impacting 1.5 million women (1). A possible cause of infertility is defects in gametogenesis, or the formation of sperm and egg. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms that promote normal gamete formation could impact our understanding of infertility. The Drosophila melanogaster egg develops from an organ-like structure called an egg chamber. The egg chamber is composed of a central cluster of 16 germ cells that are connected to one another by intercellular bridges, called ring canals. These ring canals are composed of filamentous actin and allow the transfer of materials from supporting …

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The Media And Teenage Violence: How Much Is Too Much When It Comes To Adolescent Aggression?, Taylor Pearson Jan 2017

The Media And Teenage Violence: How Much Is Too Much When It Comes To Adolescent Aggression?, Taylor Pearson

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

With the advent of increasingly accessible technology and the growing prevalence of both fictional and nonfictional violence in the media (American Academy of Pediatrics 2009; American Psychological Association 2013; Emmons 2013; Pew Research Center 2015), the effects of such content on emotional states and behavioral patterns in youths has garnered a great deal of interest among sociologists, psychologists, and developmental experts. However, the results of existing research are inconclusive and often contradictory (APA 2013; Siegel and Welsh 2017:86-87), providing no clear answer to the question of whether or not this content actually affects viewer behavior. I explore the current body …

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The Social Construction Of Winston Churchill: How Life Experiences Shaped The Identity Of A Wartime Legend, Molly Elisabeth Smith Jan 2017

The Social Construction Of Winston Churchill: How Life Experiences Shaped The Identity Of A Wartime Legend, Molly Elisabeth Smith

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

While the theory of social constructivism in international relations may not be the most common, it has appeared in different forms throughout the twentieth century and has gained popularity in recent years. Focusing on the formation of - and potential for change in - identities and interests, constructivism allows for the consideration of both ideational and behavioral factors in studying actors of the international community. Pairing these concepts with principles from both social identity theory and political psychology, one can observe the constructivist development of identities and interests of a political individual, such as Winston Churchill. Churchill's unique life experience …

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The Back Pocket Play: Revealing White Privilege And Its Contribution To Institutionalized Racism, Sonia Michelle Goldberg Jan 2017

The Back Pocket Play: Revealing White Privilege And Its Contribution To Institutionalized Racism, Sonia Michelle Goldberg

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Black lives matter. This phrase incites intense and polarizing emotions in our community: with it brings images of police brutality. It forces the topic of racism to the forefront of the listener’s mind. And when that listener hardly ever considers issues of race in their daily life, “Black lives matter” easily becomes a hostile phrase, one to shrink away from. Why? This ability to dissociate – to write off uncomfortable situations – is a privilege. In predominately White communities like Butler University, individuals are often hesitant to have a conversation about race, because they believe firmly it is not their …

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Regulating Milk: Women And Cows In France, Mathilde Cohen Jan 2017

Regulating Milk: Women And Cows In France, Mathilde Cohen

Faculty Articles and Papers

Animal milk, most commonly cow’s milk, is one of the most heavily regulated commodities in both France and the United States. With the increasing popularity of breastfeeding and the possibility of pumping, freezing, and storing breast milk, a cottage industry has emerged for people wishing to buy, sell, or donate milk produced by humans. Yet the legal landscape for human milk remains inchoate, prompting public health officials and medical professionals to call for tighter regulation. Animal and human milk are typically viewed as two distinct substances with little in common beyond a name. In contrast, this Article highlights the analogies …

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