Digital Commons Network^™

Modeling And Forecasting Ocean Acoustic Conditions, Timothy F. Duda

Journal of Marine Research

Modeling acoustic conditions in an oceanic environment is a multiple-step process. The environmental conditions (features) in the area first must be measured or estimated; relevant features include seabed geometry, seabed composition, and four-dimensionally (4D) variable sound-speed and density variations related to evolving or wave motions. Often the dynamical wave modeling depends on first obtaining correct seabed and mean stratification conditions (for example, nonlinear internal wave modeling). Next, this information must be included in sound propagation modeling. A selection of the many methods and tools available for these tasks are described, with a focus on modeling sounds of 20 to 1000 …

Aabw-Transport Variation And Its Effect On Internal Wave Motions Between Top And Bottom Of The Puerto Rico Trench, Hans Van Haren

Journal of Marine Research

Slow subinertial variations in Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) are investigated interacting with internal waves and associated turbulent mixing in the Puerto Rico Trench (PRT), northwest Atlantic. Just below the PRT's top at 5,500 m, a deep-sea mooring was deployed for 14 months. Around 6,100 m, the line held a 200 m long string of 101 high-resolution temperature sensors and a current meter. Around 8,250 m, a similar string held 102 sensors, of which the lowest was 9 m above the bottom. As was measured with shipborne conductivity-temperature-depth profiling down to 7,150 m, PRT waters are very weakly stratified, with local …

Measurement And Modeling Of Volume Scattering Functions For Phytoplankton From Norwegian Coastal Waters, Endre Marken, Nicolausi Ssebiyonga, Jon K. Lotsberg, Jakob J. Stamnes, Børge Hamre, Øyvind Frette, Arne Skodvin Kristoffersen, Svein Rune Erga

Journal of Marine Research

The volume scattering function (VSF) describes the angular distribution of scattered light, and the VSF of phytoplankton is one of the most important inherent optical properties of oceanic water. Despite its importance, relatively few measurements of the VSF have been carried out in aquatic environments, and we present here data and analyses of measured VSFs at 442, 490, and 550 nm for 15 representative phytoplankton species from Norwegian coastal waters. In addition, the analytic scattering phase functions Henyey-Greenstein (HG) and Fournier-Forand, as well as Mie theory, were fitted and compared to the measured VSFs. The measured VSFs for all the …

Numerical Modelling In A Multiscale Ocean, Dale B. Haidvogel, Enrique N. Curchitser, Sergey Danilov, Baylor Fox-Kemper

Journal of Marine Research

Systematic improvement in ocean modelling and prediction systems over the past several decades has resulted from several concurrent factors. The first of these has been a sustained increase in computational power, as summarized in Moore's Law, without which much of this recent progress would not have been possible. Despite the limits imposed by existing computer hardware, however, significant accruals in system performance over the years have been achieved through novel innovations in system software, specifically the equations used to represent the temporal evolution of the oceanic state as well as the numerical solution procedures employed to solve them. …

Coupled Ice-Ocean Modeling And Predictions, Laurent Bertino, Marika M. Holland

Journal of Marine Research

We review the coupled ice-ocean modeling activities aimed at predictions, both in the near term (days to a week) and in the long term (seasonal to decadal) of the polar oceans. First the state of the knowledge of potential predictability is exposed, then an overview is given of the tools available for carrying out such predictions: the observations that can be used to initialize actual predictions, the coupled ice-ocean–modeling, including the fully-coupled Earth System Models for long-term predictions, and data-assimilation techniques. Finally, the performance of existing prediction systems is reviewed, showing that, although more predictive capability remains than what is …

An Idh1 Mutation Prevalent In Glioma Confers Deficient Dna Repair And Sensitivity To Parp Inhibition, Nathaniel David Robinson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are devastating malignancies of the central nervous system, and few treatment options are available for these tumors. In the most malignant form of the disease, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), over 90% of patients will succumb to their tumor within 5 years after standard of care treatment, consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy. It is now clear that gliomas are molecularly heterogeneous entities, with mutations in tumor suppressors and oncogenes defining many distinct sub-types with important therapy implications. However, almost all HGGs are treated with a limited array of initial therapies, regardless of these molecular differences. Isocitrate …

Differentiation Control In Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts With Oxygen & Small Molecule Inhibitors, Joshua Morgan Arthur Siewert

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have the potential to provide life-saving arterial replacements to patients requiring vascular bypass, hemodialysis access, and pediatric coronary surgery. Recent years have seen impressive strides towards widespread clinical use, but significant work still remains in optimizing cell source and graft growth, including the suppression of unwanted calcification during culture.

In this study, I examine oxygen concentration and two small-molecule bone morphogenic protein (BMP) inhibitors, DMH-1 and LDN193189, as potential avenues of increased control over mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation of into vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Applying BMP-inhibitor concentrations from 0.01 to 10 µM at oxygen …

Convolutional Neural Networks For Predicting Skin Lesions Of Melanoma, Anuruddha Jayasekara Pathiranage

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

Diagnosis of an unknown skin lesion is crucial to enable proper treatments. While curable with early diagnosis, only highly trained dermatologists are capable of accurately recognize melanoma skin lesions. Expert dermatologist classification for melanoma dermoscopic images is 65-66%. As expertise is in limited supply, systems that can automatically classify skin lesions as either benign or malignant melanoma are very useful as initial screening tools. Towards this goal, this study presents a convolutional neural network model, trained on features extracted from a highway convolutional neural network pretrained on dermoscopic images of skin lesions. This requires no lesion segmentation nor complex preprocessing. …

Ua19/16/5/9 Athletic Media Relations - Halftime Programs, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Audio of halftime programs created for radio broadcasts.

Releasing Evil Spirits, Jon Tanner

USU Student Folklore Fieldwork

While working on crafts and stitching and other things with my mom since I was young she would always say that when I make a mistake on what I’m working on it just lets out the evil spirits. I found out that she got in the habit of saying that because my grandma used to always say it to her when she was in the same situations.

Folsom Mammoth Hunters? The Terminal Pleistocene Assemblage From Owl Cave (10bv30), Wasden Site, Idaho, L. Suzann Henrikson, David A. Byers, Robert M. Yohe, Matthew M. Decarlo, Gene L. Titmus

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

The 1960s and 1970s excavations at Owl Cave (10BV30) recovered mammoth bone and Folsom-like points from the same strata, suggesting evidence for a post-Clovis mammoth kill. However, a synthesis of the excavation data was never published, and the locality has since been purged from the roster of sites with human / extinct megafauna associations. Here, we present data on bone from the oldest stratum, review provenience data, conduct a bone-surface modification study, and present the results of a protein-residue analysis. Our study fails to make the case for mammoth hunting by Folsom peoples. Although two of the fragments tested positive …

Lab Roster 2017, Booth Library

Rosters

No abstract provided.

Ua35/3 Memoranda, Wku Provost

WKU Administration Documents

2017 memoranda issued by the WKU Provost to faculty and staff via email.

• Faculty Mentoring Award
• Undergraduae Mentoring Award Recipients
• Fall 2017 Modified Class Schedule & the Great American Eclipse
• Strategic Planning

Hovering In The Heat: Effects Of Environmental Temperature On Heat Regulation In Foraging Hummingbirds, Don R. Powers, Kathleen M. Langland, Susan M. Wethington, Sean D. Powers, Catherine H. Graham, Bret W. Tobalske

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

At high temperature (greater than 40°C) endotherms experience reduced passive heat dissipation (radiation, conduction and convection) and increased reliance on evaporative heat loss. High temperatures challenge flying birds due to heat produced by wing muscles. Hummingbirds depend on flight for foraging, yet inhabit hot regions. We used infrared thermography to explore how lower passive heat dissipation during flight impacts body-heat management in broad-billed (Cynanthus latirostris, 3.0 g), black-chinned (Archilochus alexandri, 3.0 g), Rivoli’s (Eugenes fulgens, 7.5 g) and blue-throated (Lampornis clemenciae, 8.0 g) hummingbirds in southeastern Arizona and calliope hummingbirds (Selasphorus calliope, 2.6 g) in Montana. Thermal gradients driving passive …

Moab Futures: A Bioregional Planning Analysis, Utah State University

Bioregional Planning Studio Reports

Since its inception, Utah State University's Bioregional Planning Program has conducted landscape-level planning studies across Utah, specifically addressing planning for the future. Rooted in Ian McHarg's seminal book, Design with Nature (1969), the Bioregional Planning Program investigates how biophysical systems influence settlement and culture, and, inversely, how settlement and culture shape biophysical systems.

Voices Of Usu: An Anthology Of Student Writing, 2017, Utah State University Department Of English

Voices of USU

This collection of student writing represents the voices of over 2,000 students who enroll each academic year in Utah State University’s second-year composition course, Intermediate Writing: Research Writing in a Persuasive Mode. Voices of USU celebrates excellence in writing by providing undergraduate students of diverse backgrounds and disciplines the opportunity to have their work published.

Electrode Integration Of Nanostructured Metal And Metal Oxide Materials Based On In-Situ Growth Methods For Environmental Sensors, Xiaochen Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the past decades, increased human population and activities have introduced a large amount of pollutants into the environment. Various types of conventional analytical instruments were used for monitoring the emitted chemicals with low detection limit, high accuracy, and discrimination power. However, many of these methods are laboratory-based owing to sample collection, transportation, extraction, and purification steps. To make real-time on-site monitoring possible, miniaturized sensors with various integrated elements were developed. One of the most well-known strategies is to utilize nanostructured materials with enhanced sensing properties for those devices. For a majority of the current state of art devices, the …

Teaching Energy Efficiency: A Cross-Border Public Class And Lesson Study In Stem, Masami Isoda, Roberto Araya, Colleen Eddy, Gabriel T. Matney, Joseph Williams, Patricio Calfucura, Carlos Aquirre, Pablo Becerra, Raul Gormaz, Jorge Soto-Andrade, Takeshi Noine, Arturo Mena-Lorca, Raimundo Olfos, Yuriko Baldin, Uldarico Malaspina

School of Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications

As part of an APEC educational project on the cross-cutting concept of energy, researchers and teachers from 6 countries spent 8 months designing, testing and implementing a pilot STEM public class with two schools from Chile and one from the US. One of the researchers taught a lesson from a school in Chile, with a live transmission to the other two schools via Skype. At the same time, the lesson was also broadcasted via video streaming. In addition to live questions and answers, students used individual devices to answer four open-ended questions that were commented on by the researcher as …

Yale School Of Medicine Facts & Figures 2017-2018, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Facts & Figures – annual Yale School of Medicine numbers

Provided by the Office of Communications, the Facts and Figures brochure is produced annually as a way to provide a snapshot of key facts and data related to the School of Medicine as well as the Medical Campus. This includes enrollment data, research activity, financial summaries, and more.

The Periodical Winter 2017, Southern Adventist University

the Periodical – Chemistry Department Newsletter

Volume 4, issue 2 of the Periodical includes articles about the Chemistry Club's service activities, a student missions feature, student research at N.C. State, a pictorial directory of May 2017 graduates, and an alumni spotlight.

Context-Dependence Of Physiological Systems: Environment-Physiology Interactions In The Respiratory Control System, Joseph M. Santin

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

We know that animals are tuned to survive different environmental conditions or else life would not exist. Unfortunately, this is often forgotten or ignored when designing experiments. As Marsh Tenney articulated, "The physiologist keeps the whole always in mind. He accepts the tactical necessity of reductionism to understand parts, but, once done, for him it is only the beginning, never the end” (from Remmers, 2005). In an era when it is all too common to take environmental complexity out of the organism to understand physiology, my work puts some of that complexity back in the study of organisms. I take …

Genomic Vs. Non-Genomic Role Of The Ahr In Human Immunoglobulin Expression, Nasser Alhamdan

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (Igh) in various animal models is regulated by numerous regulatory elements including the 3’Igh regulatory region (3’IghRR). Several transcription factors are involved in modulating the 3’IghRR including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the transcription of genes involved in the metabolism of environmental toxicants such as TCDD. TCDD binds AhR and regulates immunoglobulin (Ig) expression in B cells. This modulation appears to be directly mediated by binding of the AhR to dioxin response elements (DRE) within the 3’IghRR. In human B cells, IgG secretion inhibited by TCDD …

Visualization Of Carbon Monoxide Particles Released From Firearms, Sadan Suneesh Menon

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A number of soldiers have come forward to report discomfort, irritation and respiratory problems after taking part in a live firing session. These problems are caused due to the fumes and particulates emitted from the gun upon firing. There exists substantial research work focused on lead and other harmful metallic particulates expelled from a firearm, since they are the most harmful among the other emissions. However, our research focuses on visualizing the carbon monoxide (CO) particles released from a firearm in order to help understand adverse effects they may have on the human body. We use data provided by researchers …

Digital Preservation And Access Of Natural Resources Documents, David Kulhavy, R Philip Reynolds, Daniel Unger, Steven H. Bullard, Matthew W. Mcbroom

Faculty Publications

Digitization and preservation of natural resource documents were reviewed and the current status of digitization presented for a North American university. It is important to present the status of the digitation process for natural resources and to advocate for increased collections of digital material for ease of reference and exchange of information. Digital collections need to include both published documents and ancillary material for research projects and data for future use and interpretation. The methods in this paper can be applied to other natural resource collections increasing their use and distribution. The process of decision making for documents and their …

Mechanisms Of Chinese Tallow (Triadica Sebifera) Invasion And Their Management Implications – A Review, Lauren S. Pile, G. Geoff Wang, Jeremy P. Stovall, Evan Siemann, Gregory S. Wheeler, Christopher A. Gabler

Faculty Publications

Ecosystems are under increasing stress from environmental change, including invasion by non-native species that can disrupt ecological processes and functions. Chinese tallow [Triadica sebifera (L.) Small] is a highly invasive tree species in southeastern US forests, prairies, and wetlands, and effectively managing this invasive species is a significant challenge for scientists and land managers. In this review, we synthesize the literature on invasion ecology and management of Chinese tallow. Our review suggests that the invaded range of Chinese tallow is currently limited by dispersal in many areas and by low temperatures and low soil moisture, and by high soil …

Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of The Southern California Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina Citri) Invasion., Brett R. Bayles, Shyam M. Thomas, Gregory S. Simmons, Elizabeth E. Grafton-Cardwell, Mathew P. Daugherty

Global Public Health | Faculty Scholarship

Biological invasions are governed by spatial processes that tend to be distributed in non-random ways across landscapes. Characterizing the spatial and temporal heterogeneities of the introduction, establishment, and spread of non-native insect species is a key aspect of effectively managing their geographic expansion. The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), a vector of the bacterium associated with huanglongbing (HLB), poses a serious threat to commercial and residential citrus trees. In 2008, D. citri first began expanding northward from Mexico into parts of Southern California. Using georeferenced D. citri occurrence data from 2008-2014, we sought to better understand the extent of the …

Covert Narrative Capacity: Mental Life In Patients Thought To Lack Consciousness, Lorina Naci, Mackenzie Graham, Adrian M. Owen, Charles Weijer

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Despite the apparent absence of external signs of consciousness, a significant proportion of behaviorally nonresponsive patients can respond to commands by willfully modulating their brain activity. However, little is known about the mental life of these patients. We discuss a recent innovative approach, which sheds light on the preserved cognitive capacities of these patients, including executive function, theory of mind, and the experience of affective states. This research represents a fundamental shift in our understanding of these patients, and has important implications for both their continued treatment and care. Moreover, this research marks out avenues for future inquiry into the …

Real-Time Interactive Tractography Analysis For Multimodal Brain Visualization Tool: Multixplore, Saeed M. Bakhshmand, Sandrine De Ribaupierre, Roy Eagleson

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Most debilitating neurological disorders can have anatomical origins. Yet unlike other body organs, the anatomy alone cannot easily provide an understanding of brain functionality. In fact, addressing the challenge of linking structural and functional connectivity remains in the frontiers of neuroscience. Aggregating multimodal neuroimaging datasets may be critical for developing theories that span brain functionality, global neuroanatomy and internal microstructures. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are main such techniques that are employed to investigate the brain under normal and pathological conditions. FMRI records blood oxygenation level of the grey matter (GM), whereas DTI is able …

The Roles Of Insulin-Like Growth Factors In Mesenchymal Stem Cell Niche, Amer Youssef, Doaa Aboalola, Victor K. M. Han

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Many tissues contain adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which may be used in tissue regeneration therapies. However, the MSC availability in most tissues is limited which demands expansion in vitro following isolation. Like many developing cells, the state of MSCs is affected by the surrounding microenvironment, and mimicking this natural microenvironment that supports multipotent or differentiated state in vivo is essential to understand for the successful use of MSC in regenerative therapies. Many researchers are, therefore, optimizing cell culture conditions in vitro by altering growth factors, extracellular matrices, chemicals, oxygen tension, and surrounding pH to enhance stem cells self-renewal or …

Origins Of Thalamic And Cortical Projections To The Posterior Auditory Field In Congenitally Deaf Cats., Blake E Butler, Nicole Chabot, Andrej Kral, Stephen G Lomber

Psychology Publications

Crossmodal plasticity takes place following sensory loss, such that areas that normally process the missing modality are reorganized to provide compensatory function in the remaining sensory systems. For example, congenitally deaf cats outperform normal hearing animals on localization of visual stimuli presented in the periphery, and this advantage has been shown to be mediated by the posterior auditory field (PAF). In order to determine the nature of the anatomical differences that underlie this phenomenon, we injected a retrograde tracer into PAF of congenitally deaf animals and quantified the thalamic and cortical projections to this field. The pattern of projections from …