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Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For May 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For June 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For August 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For October 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For September 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For December 2017, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices And Willingness To Vaccinate In Preparation For The Introduction Of Hpv Vaccines In Bamako, Mali, Anne S. De Groot, Karamoko Tounkara, Mali Rochas, Sarah Beseme, Shahla Yekta, Fanta Siby Diallo, J. Kathleen Tracy, Ibrahima Teguete, Ousmane A. Koita

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

Although screening for pre-cancerous cervical lesions and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination are accepted and effective means to prevent cervical cancer, women in Mali have limited access to these interventions. In addition, cervical cancer prevention by HPV vaccination has been controversial in some settings. To reduce cervical cancer prevalence and increase HPV vaccine uptake, it is important to understand the level of knowledge about cervical cancer screening and practices related to vaccination in at-risk populations. In this study, the level of knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer and attitudes towards vaccination were assessed among 301 participants (male and female, adults …

Prevalence Of Hpv 16 And 18 And Attitudes Toward Hpv Vaccination Trials In Patients With Cervical Cancer In Mali, Ibrahima Téguété, Amadou Dolo, Kotou Sangare, Abdoulaye Sissoko, Mali Rochas, Sarah Beseme, Karamoko Tounkara, Shahla Yekta, Anne S. De Groot, Ousmane A. Koita

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common and lethal cancers in West Africa. Even though vaccines that protect against the most common Human papillomavirus (HPV) strains, 16 and 18, are currently in use in developed countries, the implementation of these vaccines in developing countries has been painfully slow, considering the pre-eminence of HPV-associated cervical cancer among women in those countries.

Aim: We performed serological and PCR-based assessment of blood and tissue specimens obtained from women undergoing cervical cancer-related surgery at a major urban hospital in Bamako. Since several therapeutic HPV vaccines are currently in clinical trials, we …

College Of Health Sciences Annual Report For Fy2017, Uri College Of Health Sciences

College of Health Sciences Publications

Annual report for the College of Health Sciences of the University of Rhode Island for the year 2016-2017.

Includes information listing faculty publications, grants and awards.

Impact Of Tuberculosis On Victorian England, Cara Caputo

Maria Dittman Library Research Competition: Student Award Winners

No abstract provided.

Using Normative Evaluations To Plan For And Manage Shellfish Aquaculture Development In Rhode Island Coastal Waters, Tracey Dalton, Di Jin, Robert Thompson, Allison Katzanek

Marine Affairs Faculty Publications

As shellfish aquaculture activities grow in the US, researchers, practitioners, resource users, and others have questioned how much development can be accommodated by natural and social systems. In a unique application of the normative evaluation approach to shellfish aquaculture development, this study uses data from a mail survey to (1) examine Rhode Islanders’ support for aquaculture in general and in RI waters; (2) investigate how different features of an aquaculture farm influence normative evaluations; and (3) explore areas of agreement and disagreement among stakeholder groups for social carrying capacities associated with aquaculture in RI coastal waters. Findings demonstrate that respondents …

Bioequivalence & Bioavailability; Some Perspectives, Jeffrey E. Jarrett

College of Business Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

How Long Do We Keep FryeIng?: The Future Of Expert Scientific Evidence In California, Kerri N. Polizzi

Chapman Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Global Alliance For Infections In Surgery: Defining A Model For Antimicrobial Stewardship—Results From An International Cross-Sectional Survey, Massimo Sartelli, Francesco M. Labricciosa, Pamela Barbadoro, Leonardo Pagani, Luca Ansaloni, Adrian J. Brink, Jean Carlet, Ashish Khanna, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Federico Coccolini, Salomone Di Saverio, Addison K. May, Pierluigi Viale, Richard R. Watkins, Luigia Scudeller, Lilian M. Abbo, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Abdulrashid K. Adesunkanmi, Sara Al-Dahir, Majdi N. Al-Hasan, Halil Alis, Carlos Alves, André R. Araujo Da Silva, Goran Augustin, Miklosh Bala, Philip S. Barie, Marcelo A. Beltrán, Aneel Bhangu, Belefquih Bouchra, Stephen M. Brecher, Miguel A. Caínzos, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz, Marco Catani, Sujith J. Chandy, Asri Che Jusoh, Jill R. Cherry-Bukowiec, Osvaldo Chiara, Elif Colak, Oliver A. Cornely, Yunfeng Cui, Zaza Demetrashvili, Belinda De Simone, Jan J. De Waele, Sameer Dhingra, Francesco Di Marzo, Agron Dogjani, Gereltuya Dorj, Laurent Dortet, Therese M. Duane, Mutasim M. Elmangory, Mushira A. Enani, Paula Ferrada, J. Esteban Foianini, Mahir Gachabayov, Chinmay Gandhi, Wagih Mommtaz Ghnnam, Helen Giamarellou, Georgios Gkiokas, Harumi Gomi, Tatjana Goranovic, Ewen A. Griffiths, Rosio I. Guerra Gronerth, Julio C. Haidamus Monteiro, Timothy C. Hardcastle, Andreas Hecker, Adrien M. Hodonou, Orestis Ioannidis, Arda Isik, Katia A. Iskandar, Hossein S. Kafil, Souha S. Kanj, Lewis J. Kaplan, Garima Kapoor, Aleksandar R. Karamarkovic, Jakub Kenig, Ivan Kerschaever, Faryal Khamis, Vladimir Khokha, Ronald Kiguba, Hong B. Kim, Wen-Chien Ko, Kaoru Koike, Iryna Kozlovska, Anand Kumar, Leonel Lagunes, Rifat Latifi, Jae G. Lee, Young R. Lee, Ari Leppäniemi, Yousheng Li, Stephen Y. Liang, Warren Lowman, Gustavo M. Machain, Marc Maegele, Piotr Major, Sydney Malama, Ramiro Manzano-Nunez, Athanasios Marinis, Isidro Martinez Casas, Sanjay Marwah, Emilio Maseda, Michael E. Mcfarlane, Ziad Memish, Dominik Mertz, Cristian Mesina, Shyam K. Mishra, Ernest E. Moore, Akutu Munyika, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Lena Napolitano, Ionut Negoi, Milica D. Nestorovic, David P. Nicolau, Abdelkarim H. Omari, Carlos A. Ordonez, José-Artur Paiva, Narayan D. Pant, Jose G. Parreira, Michal Pędziwiatr, Bruno M. Pereira, Alfredo Ponce-De-Leon, Garyphallia Poulakou, Jacobus Preller, Céline Pulcini, Guntars Pupelis, Martha Quiodettis, Timothy M. Rawson, Tarcisio Reis, Miran Rems, Sandro Rizoli, Jason Roberts, Nuno Rocha Pereira, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Boris Sakakushev, James Sanders, Natalia Santos, Norio Sato, Robert G. Sawyer, Sandro Scarpelini, Loredana Scoccia, Nusrat Shafiq, Vishalkumar Shelat, Costi D. Sifri, Boonying Siribumrungwong, Kjetil Søreide, Rodolfo Soto, Hamilton P. De Souza, Peep Talving, Ngo Tat Trung, Jeffrey M. Tessier, Mario Tumbarello, Jan Ulrych, Selman Uranues, Harry Van Goor, Andras Vereczkei, Florian Wagenlehner, Yonghong Xiao, Kuo-Ching Yuan, Agnes Wechsler-Fördös, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Tanya L. Zakrison, Brian Zuckerbraun, Wietse P. Zuidema, Fausto Catena

Surgery Publications

Background

Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, and to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, the best strategies for an ASP are not definitively established and are likely to vary based on local culture, policy, and routine clinical practice, and probably limited resources in middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate structures and resources of antimicrobial stewardship teams (ASTs) in surgical departments from different regions of the world.

Methods

A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in 2016 on 173 physicians who participated in the AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global …

The Role Of Open Abdomen In Non-Trauma Patient: Wses Consensus Paper, Federico Coccolini, Giulia Montori, Marco Ceresoli, Fausto Catena, Ernest E. Moore, Rao Ivatury, Walter Biffl, Andrew Peitzman, Raul Coimbra, Sandro Rizoli, Yoram Kluger, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Massimo Sartelli, Marc De Moya, George Velmahos, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Bruno M. Pereira, Ari Leppaniemi, Marja A. Boermeester, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Ron Maier, Miklosh Bala, Boris Sakakushev, Vladimir Khokha, Manu Malbrain, Vanni Agnoletti, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Michael Sugrue, Salomone Di Saverio, Ewen Griffiths, Kjetil Soreide, John E. Mazuski, Addison K. May, Philippe Montravers, Rita Maria Melotti, Michele Pisano, Francesco Salvetti, Gianmariano Marchesi, Tino M. Valetti, Thomas Scalea, Osvaldo Chiara, Jeffry L. Kashuk, Luca Ansaloni

Surgery Publications

The open abdomen (OA) is defined as intentional decision to leave the fascial edges of the abdomen un-approximated after laparotomy (laparostomy). The abdominal contents are potentially exposed and therefore must be protected with a temporary coverage, which is referred to as temporal abdominal closure (TAC). OA use remains widely debated with many specific details deserving detailed assessment and clarification. To date, in patients with intra-abdominal emergencies, the OA has not been formally endorsed for routine utilization; although, utilization is seemingly increasing. Therefore, the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Abdominal Compartment Society (WSACS) and the Donegal Research Academy united a …

Screening For Gynecologic Conditions With Pelvic Examination Us Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, David C. Grossman, Susan J. Curry, Michael J. Barry, Karina W. Davidson, Chyke A. Doubeni, John W. Epling Jr, Francisco A. R. García, Alex R. Kemper, Alex H. Krist, Ann E. Kurth, C. Seth Landefeld, Carol M. Mangione, William R. Phillips, Maureen G. Phipps, Michael Silverstein, Melissa Simon, Albert L. Siu, Chien-Wen Tseng

Internal Medicine Publications

IMPORTANCE Many conditions that can affect women's health are often evaluated through pelvic examination. Although the pelvic examination is a common part of the physical examination, it is unclear whether performing screening pelvic examinations in asymptomatic women has a significant effect on disease morbidity and mortality.

OBJECTIVE To issue a new US Preventive Services Task Force(USPSTF) recommendation on screening for gynecologic conditions with pelvic examination for conditions other than cervical cancer, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, for which the USPSTF has already made specific recommendations.

EVIDENCE REVIEW The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the accuracy, benefits, and potential harms of performing screening …

Mutant P53 Establishes Targetable Tumor Dependency By Promoting Unscheduled Replication, Shilpa Singh, Catherine Vaughan, Rebecca Anne Frum, Steven R. Grossman, Sumitra Deb, Swati Palit Deb

Internal Medicine Publications

Gain-of-function (GOF) p53 mutations are observed frequently in most intractable human cancers and establish dependency for tumor maintenance and progression. While some of the genes induced by GOF p53 have been implicated in more rapid cell proliferation compared with p53-null cancer cells, the mechanism for dependency of tumor growth on mutant p53 is unknown. This report reveals a therapeutically targetable mechanism for GOF p53 dependency. We have shown that GOF p53 increases DNA replication origin firing, stabilizes replication forks, and promotes micronuclei formation, thus facilitating the proliferation of cells with genomic abnormalities. In contrast, absence or depletion of GOF p53 …

Intentions And Behaviors: Testing Spiral Of Silence In A Social Media Context, Carlina Dirusso

ETD Archive

This study tests for a spiral of silence effect on Facebook using vaccination as the controversial topic. Participants were required to have a Facebook account and to log in to their account to participate in the experiment. The three experimental conditions were real Facebook posts containing a meme about vaccines and a comment thread, where the manipulation occurred. The anti-vaccination condition had mostly anti-vaccination comments (9 of 10); the pro-vaccination condition had mostly pro-vaccination comments (9 of 10); and the mixed condition had an equal number of pro- and anti-vaccination comments (4 pro and 4 anti). Participants could leave a …

Testing Emotion Regulation And Parasympathetic Nervous System Deficits As A Mechanism For The Transmission Of Borderline Personality Disorder, Julia R. Richmond

ETD Archive

The present study explored the role of parental physiological state and parental emotion regulation (ER) deficits on the relationship between parent borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms and child BPD symptoms. Participants were 110 adolescents aged 11-13 years and their legal guardians who completed measures of BPD symptom severity and emotion dysregulation before engaging in an interpersonal conflict discussion task while being monitored for peripheral psychophysiological signals (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia; RSA). Multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine the model proposed in this study. The results revealed that parent BPD symptoms predicted lower parent baseline RSA at trend level, but …

Cryptochromes Regulate Igf-1 Production And Signaling Through Control Of Jak2-Dependent Stat5b Phosphorylation, Amol Santosh Charudhari

ETD Archive

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling plays an important role in cell growth and proliferation and is implicated in regulation of cancer, metabolism, and aging. Here we report that IGF-1 level in blood and IGF-1 signaling demonstrates circadian rhythms. Circadian control occurs through cryptochromes (CRYs)—transcriptional repressors and components of the circadian clock. IGF-1 rhythms are disrupted in Cry-deficient mice, and IGF-1 level is reduced by 80% in these mice, which leads to reduced IGF signaling. In agreement, Cry-deficient mice have reduced body (~30% reduction) and organ size. Down-regulation of IGF-1 upon Cry deficiency correlates with reduced Igf-1 mRNA expression in the …

C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitory Nanotherapeutics For Regenerative Elastic Matrix Repair In Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Andrew T. Camardo

ETD Archive

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are localized expansions of the aorta wall that continue to grow until they reach a critical size and fatally rupture. This growth is driven by the chronic disruption, degradation, and subsequent loss of aortal wall elastic fibers by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secreted by inflammatory cells recruited to the aorta wall following an injury stimulus, and the inherent inability of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to naturally repair or regenerate elastic fibers. This leads to a net loss of elastic matrix and the continuing weakening of the aortal wall until eventual rupture. Current treatments seek to reinforce …

"Policy Is What We Make Of It": An Interpretive Study Of Governance In An Urban Watershed, Aritree Samanta

ETD Archive

This study explores the governance of an urban watershed using a combination of interpretive approach and resilience framework. The key idea within resilience and social ecological systems (SESs) discourse is to link 'human systems' (e.g. communities, society, economy) with 'natural systems' (e.g. ecosystems, biophysical elements) and to understand the interconnections and feedbacks between these systems. Under resilience thinking SESs (e.g. urban environmental) are viewed as complex adaptive systems, therefore, adaptive governance is key for maintaining long-term sustainability of these systems. With this study, I examine the case of the Cuyahoga River in Northeast Ohio, an urban watershed with legacy pollution …

Harmful Algae Bloom Prediction Model For Western Lake Erie Using Stepwise Multiple Regression And Genetic Programming, Amin Daghighi

ETD Archive

The Great Lakes are most important freshwater bodies providing water resources and other various related businesses to the northeastern part of North America. However, harmful algal blooms (HABs) are more often and severe in those lakes than before and thus threatening lake environments and economies. Researchers have studied the factors influencing HABs characteristics using different scientific methods. In this study, all possible predictors and predictand variables were collected from various data source and then eight final predictors and one predictand were selected based on correlation between predictors and predictand variables. This study tests two machine learning techniques, Stepwise Multiple Regression …

Recognising Birth Children As Social Actors In The Foster-Care Process: Retrospective Accounts From Biological Children Of Foster-Carers In Ireland, David Williams

Articles

While a wealth of literature exists on the topic of fostering, limited research has been published on the experiences of the biological children of foster-carers (Younes and Harp, 2007; Sutton and Stack, 2013). Literature that exists identifies increased recognition of the importance of birth children’s contribution to successful foster-care placements and the prevention of placement breakdown (Kalland and Sinkonnen, 2001; Hojer et al., 2013). This paper reports findings from an interpretivist study that explored the retrospective experiences of fifteen adult birth children of foster-carers (aged between eighteen and twenty-eight years) in Ireland. Using semi-structured interviews, birth children’s experiences of fostering …

Habitus, The Writings Of Irish Hunger Strikers And Elias's The Loneliness Of The Dying, John Connolly, Paddy Dolan

Articles

»Habitus, die Texte der irischen Hungerstreikenden und Elias', Die Einsamkeit der Sterbenden'«. Elias maintained that over the course of several centuries death has become associated with greater shame and embarrassment feelings due mainly to four interwoven processes. In this paper we consider how these specific processes or 'special conditions' Elias referred to, in conjunction with other processes, shaped the experience of dying and the image of death for twentieth century Irish hunger strikers.

Solitary Wave Solution Of Flat Surface Internal Geophysical Waves With Vorticity, Alan Compelli

Conference papers

A fluid system bounded by a flat bottom and a flat surface with an internal wave and depth-dependent current is con-sidered. The Hamiltonian of the system is presented and the dynamics of the system are discussed. A long-wave regime is then considered and extended to produce a KdV approximation. Finally, a solitary wave solution is obtained.

State Of Harmonization Of 24 Serum Albumin Measurement Procedures And Implications For Medical Decisions, Lorin M. Bachmann, Min Yu, James C. Boyd, David E. Bruns, W. Greg Miller

Pathology Publications

BACKGROUND: Measurements of serum and plasma albumin are widely used in medicine, including as indicators of quality of patient care in renal dialysis centers.

METHODS: Pools were prepared from residual patient serum (n = 50) and heparin plasma (n = 48) from patients without renal disease, and serum from patients with kidney failure before hemodialysis (n = 53). Albumin was measured in all samples and in ERM-DA470k/IFCC reference material (RM) by 3 immunochemical, 9 bromcresol green (BCG), and 12 bromcresol purple (BCP) methods.

RESULTS: Two of 3 immunochemical procedures, 5 of 9 BCG, and 10 of 12 BCP methods recovered …

Development And Validation Of Clinical Whole-Exome And Whole-Genome Sequencing For Detection Of Germline Variants In Inherited Disease, Madhuri Hegde, Avni Santani, Rong Mao, Andrea Ferreira-Gonzalez, Karen E. Weck, Karl V. Voelkerding

Pathology Publications

Context.-With the decrease in the cost of sequencing, the clinical testing paradigm has shifted from single gene to gene panel and now whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing. Clinical laboratories are rapidly implementing next-generation sequencing-based whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing. Because a large number of targets are covered by whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing, it is critical that a laboratory perform appropriate validation studies, develop a quality assurance and quality control program, and participate in proficiency testing.

Objective.-To provide recommendations for wholeexome and whole-genome sequencing assay design, validation, and implementation for the detection of germline variants associated in inherited disorders.

Data Sources.-An example of …

Fdetect Webserver: Fast Predictor Of Propensity For Protein Production, Purification, And Crystallization, Fanchi Meng, Chen Wang, Lukasz Kurgan

Computer Science Publications

Background: Development of predictors of propensity of protein sequences for successful crystallization has been actively pursued for over a decade. A few novel methods that expanded the scope of these predictions to address additional steps of protein production and structure determination pipelines were released in recent years. The predictive performance of the current methods is modest. This is because the only input that they use is the protein sequence and since the experimental annotations of these data might be inconsistent given that they were collected across many laboratories and centers. However, even these modest levels of predictive quality are still …

Crosstalk And The Dynamical Modularity Of Feed-Forward Loops In Transcriptional Regulatory Networks, Michael A. Rowland, Ahmed Abdelzaher, Preetam Ghosh, Michael L. Mayo

Computer Science Publications

Network motifs, such as the feed-forward loop (FFL), introduce a range of complex behaviors to transcriptional regulatory networks, yet such properties are typically determined from their isolated study. We characterize the effects of crosstalk on FFL dynamics by modeling the cross regulation between two different FFLs and evaluate the extent to which these patterns occur in vivo. Analytical modeling suggests that crosstalk should overwhelmingly affect individual protein-expression dynamics. Counter to this expectation we find that entire FFLs are more likely than expected to resist the effects of crosstalk (approximate to 20% for one crosstalk interaction) and remain dynamically modular. The …