Digital Commons Network^™

Confusion In Montgomery’S Wake: State Responses, The Mandates Of Montgomery, And Why A Complete Categorical Ban On Life Without Parole For Juveniles Is The Only Constitutional Option, Alice Reichman Hoesterey

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Criminal Justice Reform Is Not For The Short-Winded: How The Judiciary’S Proactive Pursuit Of Justice Helped Achieve “Raise The Age” Reform In New York, Jonathan Lippman

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Dignity Canon, Noah B. Lindell

Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy

Human dignity is not a freestanding constitutional right, but it is a strongly held constitutional value. To this point, however, human dignity has had no place in statutory interpretation. This Article argues that courts should create a dignity canon of interpretation, which would operate as a clear statement rule. If laws are to be construed to limit individual dignity, the legislature must expressly this plainly. By conducting re-dos of three Supreme Court cases in the areas of civil rights, criminal procedure, and personal health, the Article shows the promise of the dignity canon.

The Relevance Of Emotions In Presidential Public Appeals: Anger’S Conditional Effect On Perceived Risk And Support For Military Interventions, José Villalobos, Cigdem Sirin

Departmental Papers (PS)

No abstract provided.

Factors For Academic Success Among African-American Men: A Phenomenological Study, Samuel R. Williams

Doctoral Dissertations

Academic success among African men has increased but many African-American men continue to fall behind the academic achievements of their Caucasian male counterparts. African-American men who achieve academic success have been marginalized in research that primarily focuses on reporting deficit or negative factors that hinder and not promote academic growth. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to identify environmental, social, and socioeconomic factors that were perceived to contribute to the academic success of African-American men in secondary and post-secondary institutions. The researcher used the Ecological Model of Human Development (EMHD) to identify factors and which systems had the greatest …

Intersectionality And Feminist Pedagogy: Lessons From Teaching About Racism And Economic Inequity, Lisa Cunningham, Pao Lee Vue, Virginia B. Maier

English Faculty/Staff Publications

This paper utilizes Rochester, NY, as a case study to argue that approaching race intersectionally and across disciplines creates a stronger model of feminist pedagogy. It is based on our work in the classroom and on the Fisher Race Initiatives—a series of three interactive workshops we created on our campus to create change in the aftermath of the Michael Brown shooting in Ferguson, MO, and in the subsequent rise of the #BlackLivesMatter movement. Our goals were to promote dialogue on race, to expose participants to factual information on race, and to emphasize the intersectional causes of poverty in the Rochester …

Martin Luther King Celebration | Prophetic Faith In The Age Of #Blacklivesmatter, Jan. 14, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

2017 Nsu Fact Book, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Fact Book

This 25th edition of the Nova Southeastern University Fact Book reflects an expanding body of data and information that provides perspective on the university’s character, growth, and accomplishments.

The 2017 Fact Book includes narrative, numeric, and graphic representation of the university, including history, characteristics, and development of the institution. Data are presented in both tabular and graphic formats to provide pertinent detail, and general trends are highlighted.

Rehabilitative Readings: Narratives Of Incarceration And Collective Healing, Scott Smedley

Theses & ETDs

In an age of mass incarceration crisis when imprisonment rates have skyrocketed, especially along lines of race and class, those with low vulnerability for incarceration might not be inclined to think of themselves as having much connection to the crisis. However, considering ways that these populations reinforce and drive mass incarceration through their participation in a punitive culture opens new ground for reflexivity and action. In this project, I explore the role of reading and readers in the United States criminal punishment system. Drawing from thinkers like Michel Foucault and Michelle Brown, I argue that material realities of imprisonment shape …

Who Watches The Watchmen? An Analysis Of Change And Continuity In Security Reform And Perceptions Of Democracy In Brazil, Victoria Mccullough

Theses & ETDs

This thesis explores the relationship between popular perceptions of the police and the resulting quality of democracy, using post-dictatorial Brazil as a case study due to its colonial and authoritarian history and the conditional citizenship considered to arise from it. To do so it first examines the political history of Brazil, then the formal and informal roles of the police from the dictatorial period onwards and popular perceptions of effective justice, and finally evaluates the creation of a memory narrative under the current democratic regime and how it deals with a legacy of arbitrary violence, as well as the impact …

Aporetic Justice And Its Impossible Possibility In Derrida, Levinas, And Critical Legal Theory, Kasia Burzynski

Theses & ETDs

This thesis explores the possibility of justice in the law and does so through a critical and contemporary understanding of American law. Chapter one begins with an examination of critical legal studies (CLS) which, it argues, makes considerable moves toward an understanding of justice but stops short of developing a robust theory. A version of CLS from Marianne Constable is offered as an exemplar and most of the chapter is devoted to a treatment of her book Our word is our bond: how legal speech acts where she asserts the linguistic and rhetorical nature of the law and of justice. …

“Cool It, Man”: Race And Policing Before Mass Incarceration In Florida, 1967, Melissa Rettig

Theses & ETDs

The current mass incarceration crisis in the United States has a long and complex history rooted in the criminalization of poor people and people of color. Qualitative case studies on the formation of state and local criminal justice systems offer researchers insight into how the forces of racism and capitalism, which have shaped the crisis, are embodied in the interests of public and private actors, groups, and communities. This thesis considers two policing campaigns launched in Florida in 1967 as representative of the failures of modern policing from a civil rights framework. Both were discontinued within a year of their …

Graduate Research Conference Program, 2017, Emu Graduate School

Graduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Undergraduate Review, Vol. 13, 2016/2017

Undergraduate Review

No abstract provided.

Decriminalizing Childhood, Andrea L. Dennis

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Divided Attention Psychophysical Task Performance And Effects On Pupil Sizes Following Smoked, Vaporized And Oral Cannabis Administration, Matthew N. Newmeyer, Madeleine J. Swortwood, Megan E. Taylor, Osama A. Abulseoud, Thomas H. Woodward, Marilyn A. Huestis

United States Public Health Resources

Establishing science-based driving per se blood Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) limits is challenging, in part because of prolonged THC detection in chronic, frequent users. Therefore, documenting observable signs of impairment is important for driving under the influence of drugs. We evaluated frequent and occasional cannabis smokers’ performance on the modified Romberg balance, one leg stand (OLS), and walk and turn (WAT) tasks, and pupil size effects following controlled placebo (0.001% THC), smoked, vaporized and oral (6.9% [~50.4mg] THC) cannabis administration. Significant effects following inhaled doses were not observed due to delayed tasks administration 1.5 and 3.5 h post-dose, but significant …

Looming Threats And Animacy: Reduced Responsiveness In Youth With Disrupted Behavior Disorders, Stuart F. White, Laura C. Thornton, Joseph Leshin, Roberta Clanton, Stephen Sinclair, Dionne Coker-Appiah, Harma Meffert, Soonjo Hwang, James R. Blair

United States Public Health Resources

Theoretical models have implicated amygdala dysfunction in the development of Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBDs; Conduct Disorder/Oppositional Defiant Disorder). Amygdala dysfunction impacts valence evaluation/response selection and emotion attention in youth with DBDs, particularly in those with elevated callous-unemotional (CU) traits. However, amygdala responsiveness during social cognition and the responsiveness of the acute threat circuitry (amygdala/ periaqueductal gray) in youth with DBDs have been less well-examined, particularly with reference to CU traits. 31 youth with DBDs and 27 typically developing youth (IQ, age and gender-matched) completed a threat paradigm during fMRI where animate and inanimate, threatening and neutral stimuli appeared to loom …

Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Two Child Abuse And Neglect Primary Prevention Programs For Us States, Cora Peterson, Curtis Florence, Robert Thomas, Joanne Klevens

United States Public Health Resources

We assessed the US state-level budget and societal impact of implementing two child abuse and neglect (CAN) primary prevention programs. CAN cost estimates and data from two prevention programs (Child-Parent Centers and Nurse-Family Partnership) were combined with current population, cost, and CAN incidence data by US state. A cost benefit mathematical model for each program by US state compared program costs with the future monetary value of benefits from reduced CAN. The models used a lifetime time horizon from government payer and societal perspectives. Both programs could potentially avert CAN among tens of thousands of children across the country. Lower …

2017 Intersession Catalog, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

Intersession Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Construction Of The Offender In Child Sexual Abuse Prevention Training For Adults, Anne Nurse

All Faculty Articles

Until recently, the media was Americans’ primary source of information about child sexual offenders. Today, however, millions of adults attend child sexual abuse prevention trainings sponsored by churches, schools, and other organizations. This paper draws on participant observation in 22 sessions of a popular Catholic program. It examines how the curriculum frames child sexual offenders and how group processes support or challenge that framing. While such trainings have the potential to challenge incorrect stereotypes, group and organizational pressures often coalesce to perpetuate fear, anger, and an inability to see offenders as anything but “others.”

Domestic Violence And Parental Substance Misuse In Child Welfare-Involved Families, Bryan Gary Victor

Wayne State University Dissertations

Child welfare worker routinely screen for domestic violence and parental substance misuse given their association with child maltreatment and poorer foster care outcomes such as lower rates of family reunification and higher rates of system reentry. Although childhood exposure to either domestic violence or parental substance misuse in and of itself does not constitute maltreatment in most child welfare systems, workers may consider these factors in their decision-making and service planning when identified. A set of three studies are therefore presented here that sought to determine the impact of caseworker-identified domestic violence and substance misuse on decision-making and service planning …

Constitutional Cases 2016: An Overview, Benjamin L. Berger, Sonia Lawrence, Spiros Vavougios

The Supreme Court Law Review: Osgoode’s Annual Constitutional Cases Conference

We are delighted to offer this introduction to the yearly volume of articles flowing from Osgoode Hall Law School’s annual Constitutional Cases Conference. The articles in this volume offer insightful and illuminating analysis of the constitutional jurisprudence from the Supreme Court of Canada’s 2016 term. In this introduction, we set the frame for these articles with an overview of the “constitutional year” at the Supreme Court, identifying some key patterns, themes, and issues that gave 2016 its distinctive mark. This overview is organized into three parts. As is the custom for these introductions, in Part I, we begin by offering …

Social Competence: Why Is This Important?, Brandie M. Oliver

Scholarship and Professional Work – Education

Dr. Oliver investigates the importance of social competency in schools and shares strategies to consider.

Ilsa Journal Of International & Comparative Law

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Public Trials And Trial Broadcasting As Combating Tools For Judicial Corruption In Afghanistan, Hijratullah Ekhtyar

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

A Critique Of The Uniquely Adversarial Nature Of The U.S. Legal, Economic And Political System And Its Implications For Reinforcing Existing Power Hierarchies, James D. Wilets, Areto A. Imoukhuede

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Probation In The United States: A Historical And Modern Perspective, Ryan M. Labrecque

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

Probation is a court order through which a criminal defendant is placed under the control, supervision, and care of a probation officer in lieu of imprisonment; so long as the probationer maintains certain standards of conduct. This chapter reviews the historical development of probation in the United States, and highlights how the practice is used in the 21st century. Probation has many advantages over imprisonment, including lower operational costs, increased opportunities for rehabilitation, and reduced risk of criminal socialization. However, there is increasing evidence to suggest probation strategies that focus on compliance monitoring and other law enforcement aspects of supervision …

Community Attitudes Regarding Public Safety In Portland’S Parkrose Neighborhood, Kris R. Henning, Jason Jones, Christian Peterson

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Portland Police Bureau (PPB) has partnered with Portland State University (PSU) to develop new strategies for improving public safety and police-community relations. The initiative seeks to provide residents with greater voice in where police work in their neighborhood and what steps the police take to address public safety concerns. The current report presents the findings from a household survey conducted in Portland's Parkrose neighborhood. Residents' top concerns were social disorder, property crime, and alcohol/drug use. The majority of residents surveyed reported that overall safety in the neighborhood had declined over the past 12 months and a significant proportion (63%) …

Penal Incapacitation: A Situationist Critique, Guyora Binder, Ben Notterman

Journal Articles

Incapacitation of offenders has been an influential goal of criminal justice policy during the era of mass incarceration. The Supreme Court’s Eighth Amendment Jurisprudence has accepted incapacitation alone as a justifying purpose for recidivist sentencing enhancements. Yet recent Eighth Amendment decisions have required that severe sentences of incarceration be justified by reference to all purposes of punishment cumulatively, and have tested claims of incapacitative benefits against empirical evidence. This Article critiques penal incapacitation as both theoretically and empirically flawed. Incapacitation theory underestimates situational factors contributing to crime, over-attributes dangerousness to individuals, and fails to account for crime committed in prison. …

The Persuasive Authority Of Internationalized Criminal Tribunals, Elena Baylis

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.