Digital Commons Network^™

Revisiting The Rationality Assumption Of Disclosure Laws: An Empirical Analysis, Uri Benoliel, Jenny Buchan, Tony Gutentag

Hofstra Law Review

Disclosure laws are based on one central assumption: that disclosees are, by their very nature, rational actors. This article questions the validity of this theoretical assumption. The article empirically shows that franchisees, who are considered sophisticated disclosees, are unrealistically optimistic about disclosed risks. In this empirical study, franchisees (N = 205) completed an online research questionnaire, in which they compared their own chances of experiencing disclosed risks with the chances of their colleagues. It was found that franchisees were optimistically biased. Franchisees believed that the chances that their franchisor might opportunistically terminate their franchise are significantly lower than that of …

Homeless, Hungry, And Targeted: A Look At The Validity Of Food-Sharing Restrictions In The United States, Samantha Holloway

Hofstra Law Review

No abstract provided.

Progress On The Hupo Draft Human Proteome: 2017 Metrics Of The Human Proteome Project., Gilbert S Omenn, Lydie Lane, Emma K Lundberg, Christopher M Overall, Eric W Deutsch

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) Human Proteome Project (HPP) continues to make progress on its two overall goals: (1) completing the protein parts list, with an annual update of the HUPO draft human proteome, and (2) making proteomics an integrated complement to genomics and transcriptomics throughout biomedical and life sciences research. neXtProt version 2017-01-23 has 17 008 confident protein identifications (Protein Existence [PE] level 1) that are compliant with the HPP Guidelines v2.1 ( https://hupo.org/Guidelines ), up from 13 664 in 2012-12 and 16 518 in 2016-04. Remaining to be found by mass spectrometry and other methods are 2579 "missing …

Welfare And Federalism's Peril, Andrew Hammond

Washington Law Review

Recent scholarship on American federalism lacks case studies to inform that scholarship’s trans-substantive insights and claims. This Article examines the last two decades of devolution brought about by the 1996 Welfare Reform Act (PRWORA). It details the history of PRWORA and how the funding mechanism built into Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)—the TANF block grant—guaranteed the program’s deterioration. The Article documents the program’s failure to respond to increased need among poor families after Hurricane Katrina and in the Great Recession, showing how the federal government’s use of TANF in both crises teach us the limits of fiscally devolved programs. …

Influence Of Social And Economic Factors On Elementary Student Health In Northwest Arkansas, Megan Marks

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

A child’s wellbeing is influenced by many factors related to the environment they are raised in. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between a child’s social and economic factors and his or her health. A convenience sample of 588 2nd and 4th grade children was taken from three elementary schools in Springdale Independent School District. Health status was represented by calculations of each child’s body mass index (BMI) and number of days counted absent from school. Socioeconomic and demographic factors examined include the child’s grade level, gender, ethnicity, number of parents over the household, number of …

Evaluation Of A New Surgical Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Core Team In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Megan Rose Stephany

Doctoral Scholarly Projects & Capstones

The healthcare workforce is moving from a traditional physician-only model to a multi-level medical provider model. Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have come to rely on neonatal nurse practitioners due to the decrease in resident physician hours and the lower cost of hiring a neonatal nurse practitioner. Studies have found advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) can provide benefits in the areas of communication, patient outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost. An increasing number of critically ill infants are requiring specialized pre- and postoperative care in one Level IV NICU, which has led to continuous quality improvement in communication and continuity of …

Atherosclerosis In Hiv Positive Patients: A Clinical Practice Guideline For Cardiovascular Risk Assessment And Treatment, Margaret Heath

Doctoral Scholarly Projects & Capstones

As modern medicine allows for an increase in lifespan, patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) face the same chronic health issues as other aging adults. Among the top killers of older adult HIV patients is atherosclerosis. The following review of literature will support the belief that HIV patients are at a higher risk for atherosclerosis due to their chronic inflammatory state. This state in which the immune response is elevated for a prolonged period of time provides an optimal environment for the development of atherosclerotic plaques, as the research evidence will demonstrate. The following guideline has been designed to assist …

Barriers To Managing Childhood Overweight/ Obesity In American Indian Children, Amanda Gerise Vignaroli

Doctoral Scholarly Projects & Capstones

The number of overweight and obese children continues to rise in the United States and across the world, creating a growing need for providers to practice evidence- based interventions for this population of children and adolescents. An estimated 17% of children and adolescents in the United States are affected by being overweight or obese (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016a). Obesity puts these children and adolescents at risk for physical complications such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, Type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, asthma, joint pain, gastroesophageal disease, and fatty liver disease (CDC, 2016b). Obesity is even higher among ethnic groups …

Zika Virus Encoding Nonglycosylated Envelope Protein Is Attenuated And Defective In Neuroinvasion, Arun S. Annamalai, Aryamav Pattnaik, Bikash R. Sahoo, Ezhumalai Muthukrishnan, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, David Steffen, Hiep Vu, Gustavo Delho, Fernando Osorio, Thomas M. Petro, Shi-Hua Xiang, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus responsible for sporadic outbreaks of mild and febrile illness in Africa and Asia, reemerged in the last decade causing serious human diseases, including microcephaly, congenital malformations, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Although genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggest that genetic evolution may have led to the enhanced virulence of ZIKV, experimental evidence supporting the role of specific genetic changes in virulence is currently lacking. One sequence motif, VNDT, containing an N-linked glycosylation site in the envelope (E) protein, is polymorphic; it is absent in many of the African isolates but present in all isolates from the recent …

Internet Addiction: Implications And Assessment Education For Providers, Marie Nicole See

Student Projects for Graduate Degrees

The proliferation of internet accessibility and electronic devices has allowed problematic internet use or internet addiction (IA) to explode worldwide in the past two decades. Popular Applications such as gaming, pornography, gambling, and social media are wildly popular internet pastimes with resulting high abuse potential. Social, occupational, fiscal, and interpersonal problems have been reported, as have high levels of co-morbid mental illnesses. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) added Gambling Disorder to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the first behavioral addiction recognized by the APA. In light of the mounting evidence supporting IA …

Vol. 40 No. 3 (2017): Pacific Studies Full Issue, The Jonathan Nāpela Center For Hawaiian And Pacific Islands Studies

Pacific Studies

Pacific Studies is published two times a year by The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies, Brigham Young University Hawai‘i #1979, 55–220 Kulanui Street, Lāʻie, Hawai‘i 96762, but responsibility for opinions expressed in the articles rests with the authors alone. Subscription rate is US$40.00 yearly, payable to The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies. The Jonathan Nāpela Center for Hawaiian and Pacific Studies (formerly The Pacific Institute) is an organization funded by Brigham Young University Hawai‘i. The Center assists the University in meeting its cultural and educational goals by undertaking a program of teaching, research, and …

Association Mapping For Traits Related To Nitrogen Use Efficiency In Tropical Maize Lines Under Field Conditions, Júlia Silva Morosini, Leandro De Freitas Mendonça, Danilo Hottis Lyra, Giovanni Galli, Miriam Suzane Vidotti, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

Aims: Nitrogen deficiency is one of the most critical abiotic stresses for maize (Zea mays) cultivation worldwide. For a productive and sustainable scenario, developing genotypes more efficient in nitrogen use is essential. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) traits under field conditions and candidate genes related to these markers by genome-wide association study (GWAS). Methods: Sixty-four tropical maize inbred lines were evaluated in ideal and low nitrogen conditions for total root length (TRL) and low nitrogen tolerance index (LNTI). GWAS was performed using a fixed and random model circulating probability …

Culinary Nutrition Camp; Healthy Lifestyles Cooking Like A Chef (Hlclc) Program: Implementation And Evaluation, Shannon Lynn Monnier Evers

All Theses

Healthy Lifestyles Cooking Like a Chef (HLCLC) is a culinary nutrition curriculum based on social cognitive theory. The aim for the HLCLC program is to inspire kitchen confidence and to improve cooking skills and nutrition knowledge, thereby encouraging positive cooking and food choice behaviors. HLCLC aims to expose adolescents to a wide variety of healthy ingredients, teach cooking skills, apply nutrition information, and practice safe food handling. The program objectives are (1) Increase knowledge of healthy food choices through discussion and exposure, (2) Present healthy versions of familiar foods that are inexpensive, tasty, and easy and quick to prepare, (3) …

A Quality Improvement Initiative To Increase Hypertension Treatment Adherence Among Hispanic Patients With Limited English Proficiency, Barbara Chavez

Doctor of Nursing Practice

The purpose of this project was to improve hypertension (HTN) treatment adherence among limited English proficient Hispanic patients with uncontrolled HTN. Limited English Proficiency (LEP) significantly reduces HTN control among Hispanics by diminishing their understanding of HTN diagnosis, treatment adherence, and complications. A language sensitive education session focusing on antihypertensive medications, reduced sodium intake, and appointment keeping was implemented among LEP Hispanic patients 21 to 85 years of age, with uncontrolled HTN, receiving care at a federally funded south San Antonio clinic. The Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale was utilized to measure adherence in the following domains: …

Horticulture For Pollinator Conservation, Carter M. Westerhold

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Pollinators worldwide are declining. Consequently, the agricultural and ecological services these insects provide are in danger of being lost. Land use intensification, via urbanization, has greatly influenced this decline in pollinators. Luckily, through targeted horticultural practices, stable populations of pollinators can be sustained within urban areas. The horticultural practices of planting diverse floral resources and managing pollinator habitat in urban areas can sustain these populations. Two studies were conducted with the intent to identify horticultural knowledge gaps that could be reduced to aid in pollinator conservation efforts. First, a study to compare Nebraska native and non-native ornamental plants was conducted. …

Let Them Eat Lunch: The Impact Of Universal Free Meals On Student Performance, Amy Ellen Schwartz, Michah W. Rothbart

Center for Policy Research

This paper investigates the impact of extending free school lunch to all students, regardless of income, on academic performance in New York City middle schools. Using a difference-in-difference design and unique longitudinal, student level data, we derive credibly causal estimates of the impacts of “Universal Free Meals” (UFM) on test scores in English Language Arts (ELA) and mathematics, and participation in school lunch. We find UFM increases academic performance by as much as 0.059 standard deviations in math and 0.083 in ELA for non-poor students, with smaller, statistically significant effects of 0.032 and 0.027 standard deviations in math and ELA …

Strong Spatial-Temporal Patterns In Maize Yield Response To Nutrient Additions In African Smallholder Farms, Samuel Njoroge, Antonius G.T. Schut, Ken E. Giller, Shamie Zingore

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Large variability in crop responses to macronutrient application at various spatial scales present challenges for developing effective fertilizer recommendations for crop production in smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed maize yield responses to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) application and evaluated relationships between crop responses to N, P and K application and soil analysis data. Nutrient omission trials were conducted on 23 farms located in Sidindi, Western Kenya, selected to be representative of the main soil and management factors in maize based systems in Siaya County. Treatments included a control and PK, NK, NP and NPK …

Accounting For Soil Inorganic Carbon In The Ecosystem Services Framework For United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, Garth Raymond Groshans

All Theses

Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) is currently not included in the list of key soil properties related to ecosystem services (e.g., provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services). Soil inorganic carbon is a dynamic key soil property used in soil classification, taxonomy and fertility, therefore its inclusion in the framework of ecosystem services is important. With soils rapidly changing due to human use and climate change, the soil ecosystem services framework should not include only soil organic carbon (SOC), but SIC as well since it is of global importance to soil fertility and the long-term carbon cycle, especially in semiarid and arid …

Neonatal Growth Measurements, Umbilical Concentrations, And Differential Gene Expression In The Placenta Of Swine In Relation To Placental Efficiency, Shanice Katelin Krombeen

All Theses

Placental efficiency (PE) describes the relationship between placental and fetal weights and is defined as fetal weight divided by placental weight. Within pig litters, PE can vary drastically, resulting in similarly sized pigs associated with very different placenta, up to a 50% weight difference. However, the means enabling the smaller placenta to grow a similarly sized littermate is unknown. The main objectives of this study were to (1) determine the concentration of glucose and cortisol in venous umbilical blood of pigs at birth and evaluate if a relationship existed between concentration and PE, and (2) determine the expression level of …

A Molecular Diagnostic Survey Of Pathogens And Parasites Of Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera L., From Arkansas And Oklahoma, Dylan Cleary

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The health and viability of colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, in the United States have fluctuated dramatically over the past decade. This poses a substantial threat to agricultural production in this country. Currently, no single factor has been identified for this decline. Rather, it has been suggested that the interaction between multiple biotic and abiotic stressors may be responsible. Among these factors are pesticides, habitat loss, climate and weather, parasites and pathogens, and colony management techniques. For this reason, it is important to examine the prevalence of honey bee parasite and pathogen infection at the state level in …

Dignity Denied: Religious Exemptions And Lgbt Elder Services, Movement Advancement Project (Map), Public Rights/Private Conscience Project, Sage - Advocacy Services For Lgbt Elders

Center for Gender & Sexuality Law

LGBT older adults, like many older Americans in the United States, rely on a network of service providers as they age–for community programming and congregate meals, for health care, and for housing ranging from independent living to skilled nursing. Research finds that a majority of these services are offered by religiously affiliated organizations.

While many of these religiously affiliated facilities provide quality care for millions of older adults, there is a coordinated effort to pass religious exemption laws, issue executive orders and agency guidance, and to litigate court cases to allow individuals, businesses, and even government contractors and grantees to …

Flushing Responses Of Golden Eagles (Aquila Chrysaetos) In Response To Recreation, Robert J. Spaul, Julie A. Heath

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Disturbance because of human activity, including recreation on wildlands, can affect bird behavior which in turn can reduce breeding success, an important consideration for species of management concern. We observed Golden Eagles (Aquila chysaetos) during the breeding season to determine whether the probability of flushing was affected by the type of recreationist, distance to encounter, eagle nest attendance, or date. We monitored eagles in 23 nesting territories from distant (600-1,200 m) observation points and recorded recreation activity within 1,200 m of eagles in the Owyhee Front of southwestern Idaho. In most (86%, n = 270) encounters, eagles did …

Preschoolers And Pandas Making Friends: A Journey About Healing From Brain Injury, Barbara Anne Doucette

Museum Studies Projects

Preschoolers that have obtained Non-Accidental Injury (NAI) from familial child abuse are in need of having a unique place for neurorehabilitation in correlation with traditional therapies. My thesis project suggests adding an exhibit annex to an existing giant panda exhibit that will give preschoolers an opportunity to help develop new neuropathways when exposed to mediation and creative activities. Meditation and creative activities are being examined by neuroscientists as an aid in neuroplasticity after brain injury. This thesis reviews the neurotypical preschooler’s milestones and the playful means by which they are achieved. Conjoining the contemporary museums’ and zoological gardens’ outreach to …

Strengthening Families In Santa Cruz County, Yajaira Rubio-Mendoza

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Parenting is very rewarding and enjoyable, yet it can be challenging and exhausting. Therefore, there is no right way to be a parent. At La Manzana Community Resources (LMCR), a family program of Community Bridges, there is a strong belief in strengthening families within the Santa Cruz County community. That is why LMCR provides various services such as, Triple-P Positive Parenting Program. Triple-P, funded by First 5, provides parents and caregivers parenting support ranging from birth to 12 years of age, with additional support for families with teens, and families of children with special needs. The …

Healthy Choices For Healthy Teens, Veronica Leon Vega

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

In Monterey County, the childhood obesity rate is 48.6% and is considered the fourth highest percentage of overweight/obese children among the 58 counties in California (UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, 2011). The Greenfield Union School District After School Education and Safety Program is a program designed to keep students safe, to provide homework support, and to provide enrichment and physically healthy activities. An educational intervention project was implemented at the After School Education and Safety Program to address obesity. The purpose of this project was to promote a healthy environment within schools and support the health and …

Play It Forward: Cooperative Learning & Structured Play During Recess, Tyler Elwin, Mary Rossi

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Cooperative learning and structured play (CLASP) are two things that have gone unappreciated in the modern educational setting. This is an important issue for many local low-income schools as the dropout rate is so high. CLASP ideals come with a wide array of positive outcomes that look to brighten the futures of affected youth. CLASP provides an incredible number of scholarly benefits: increased school involvement, higher GPA, improved interpersonal relationships, increased ability to work as a team, etc. This capstone identifies these critical benefits and addresses the best way to properly utilize CLASP within the school setting. The three primary …

Not So “Free”: Increasing Elementary Children’S Free Time, Annie Santos

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Free play has been drastically decreasing recently and this is an issue for young children. Factors contributing to this decline include external influences, such as school, parents, and activities. This issue is important for children’s lives, impacting their health and developmental skills. This project works toward providing more opportunities for children to experience free play throughout their everyday lives. The primary stakeholder perspectives obtained were the parents of children who are directly affected by this issue. Based on an analysis of the data and relevant research literature, an action was untaken to respond to the lack of free play in …

The Relationship Between Parental Leave Policies And Infant Mortality: Global Policies, Local Practices, Jennifer Balcazar

Honors Theses

Study objective: Increased maternity leave has been shown to have a positive impact on maternal and child health, and increases the length of time that mothers breastfeed their infants. After childbirth, working women must decide if/when they will return to the workforce. These decisions are based on many factors. The purpose of this project is to determine the impact of current United States’ (US) family leave policies on Mississippi mothers’ decisions to return to work after the birth of their first child.

Study Design and Methods: A comprehensive survey was developed to collect information about mothers’ decisions to return to …

Morphological, Genetic, And Environmental Characterization Of An Unusual Population Of Isoetes (Isoetaceae, Lycopodiophyta), Shannon L. Walker

Honors Theses

A large and unusual population of Isoetes (Isoetaceae, Lycopodiophyta) in the DeSoto National Forest, Wayne County, Mississippi, was studied to determine if the individuals there represent a new species or if they represent part of the variation of the one primary species of the longleaf pine belt of Mississippi, Isoetes louisianensis, which it most closely resembles. The unusual population and specimens of known Isoetes louisianensis were examined comparatively based on morphology, megaspore ornamentation, examination of habitat characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 (ITS) and the 5.8S ribosomal gene. No …

Combined Effects Of Dissolved Oxygen And Temperature On Aerobic Respiration And Respiratory Recovery Responses Of The Spioniform Polychaete, Streblospio Gynobranchiata, In Relation To Body Size, Alyssa Bennett

Master's Theses

Elevated surface temperatures exacerbate the threat of hypoxia within coastal ecosystems. These two primary stressors likely interact as they elicit opposing physiological responses from marine organisms. Metabolic depression is typically associated with hypoxia, while metabolic rates increase with temperature. Moreover, physiological effects of combined stressors may not be additive. In light of increasing pressures from hypoxia, elevated ocean temperatures, and other stressors within coastal regions, studies need to examine effects of multiple stressors on physiology of coastal organisms.

Mass-specific aerobic respiration (V_O2) was characterized as a proxy for metabolic cost of Streblospio gynobranchiata, at combined levels of …