Digital Commons Network^™

Human Performance Modelling In Manufacturing: Mental Workload And Task Complexity, Maria Chiara Leva, Lorenzo Comberti, Micaela Demichela, Rebecca Duane

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

No abstract provided.

A Workload-Centered Perspective On Reduced Crew Operations In Commercial Aviation, Daniela Schmid

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

Mental workload of a pilot, in short workload, depends on various characteristics of different accumulated tasks on the flight deck. Exogenous task demands and endogenous supply of attentional or information processing resources determine workload [1]. Performance is expect to drop if the demand exceeds the available resources of the pilot. Expertise and experience modulate the endogenous sup- ply of resources like perceiving, updating memory, planing, making a decision, and executing and processing a response. Subsequently, workload manifests in performance variables, subjective experience, and physiological parameters [2]. This is how we can summarize workload very brie y to introduce a model …

Moving Between Automated And Manual Driving: Mental Workload And Performance Implications, Totsapon Butmee, Terry C. Lansdown

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

Automated driving has been predicted to take-over from manual vehicle control in the near future. The driver’s role may then change from active operator to passive observer. Such technology offers the tantalising promise of improving driving safety. However, many studies have presented findings suggesting potentially adverse effects from automated driving systems, e.g., reduced situation awareness. Mental workload is also a key issue of concern for researchers in this area. Excessive mental workload has repeatedly been shown to be associated with degraded driving performance. Previously, most traffic psychology studies on mental workload have focused the manual driving task. However, a shift …

Reducing Peak Workload In The Cockpit: A Human In The Loop Simulation Evaluating New Runway Selection Tool, Tanja Bos, Rolf Zon, Wilfred Rouwhorst

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

In efforts to increase safety and reduce peak workload situations in the cockpit, a tool with a different interaction style was developed for use in case of a runway change instructed by Air Traffic Control during approach. In an experiment a workload comparison was made between the new tool and the conventional cockpit. Workload was measured by means of a self-rating after each experiment run, as well as eye blink frequency during each run. Results show that the self-rated workload decreases with the new tool for one of the two crew members and the blink frequency suggests a workload decrease …

Smart Workload Balancing, Ferdinand Coster

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The cognitive workload of operators working with automated systems should neither be too high nor too low. A static level of automation is unable to cope with systems that produce large fluctuations in cognitive workload, therefore a method for adaptive automation is proposed that could balance workload by intelligently choosing what to automate and when. To this end the concept of the Cognitive Workload Value factor is introduced, which takes into account both workload and situation awareness. This initial work introduces a possible framework for categorizing and using different workload and situation awareness measures.

Managing Operator Mental Workload With Standards Based Decision Support, Maurice Wilkins

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

H-Workload 2017: The first international symposium on human mental workload, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland, June 28-30.

Facing Human Workload: The Resilient Ego: A Psychoanalytic Point Of View, Glauco Maria Genga, Maria Gabriella Pediconii

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

The paper aims to show new connections among Human Factors, Human Workload and Resilience. We intend: 1) to highlight the role of subject in facing the human workload, inflected as demanding tasks and emergency situations; 2) to show how psychoanalysis can provide novel insights, not only into human errors, but also into human resilience. They have a common denominator, at least in part: the role of subjective contributions even in demanding situations. Human workload includes a work for satisfaction. We recall also the case study of US Airways Flight 1549 water landing (the so called “Miracle on the Hudson”), which …

System Identification Of Motion Artifact: Noise In Eeg Headsets From Locomotion, Kaela Shea, James Tung

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

Fall prevention for geriatric populations is a growing concern among clinicians and researchers due to severe risk of morbidity and loss of independence. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that mental workload while walking influences gait stability and the risk for falling. Electroencephalography (EEG) presents a potential method to provide objective measures of mental workload, particularly during daily activities. Noise introduced to the EEG signal during motion, however, is restrictive. The study presented in the following paper isolates EEG signal noise attained from gait for a commercially accessible EEG system, the "Emotiv" Time and spectral system identification techniques were applied to model …

Online Measuring Of Available Resources, Enrique Munoz-De-Escalona, José Juan Canas

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

This paper present a proposal for measuring available mental resources during the accomplishment of a task. Our proposal consists in measuring emotions provoked by perceived self-efficacy in the execution of the task. Self-efficacy is one of the most important factors that affect the resources that a person puts at the disposal of the execution of the task. When a person perceives that he/she is not being effective he/she will activate more resources to improve his performance. This self-efficacy will be reflected in the emotions that the person experiences. A good efficacy will provoke positive emotions and a bad efficacy negative …

A Validated Description Of How Crew Manage Flight Operations For Two-Pilot And Reduced Crew Operations, Nick Mcdonnell, Alison Kay, Margaret Ryan, Rabea Morrison, Rolf Zon

H-Workload 2017: Models and Applications (Works in Progress)

This research provides a rich validated description of how crew manage workload for both two-pilot and reduced crew operations. It outlines flight operations modelling, operational narratives, requirements and scenarios validated with expert advisers from the EU-FP7 ACROSS Project. The crew are considered to be the managers of the operation who receive integrated technical support to help them manage flight operations across of three configurations i.e. 1) standard two-crew configuration, 2) reduced crew under normal operations 3) reduced-crew under non-normal operations developed within the FP7 EU-funded ACROSS (Advanced Cockpit for the Reduction Of Stress and Workload) project.

Community-Based Learning: A Primer, Zeinab Bedri, Ruairí De Fréin, Geraldine Dowling

Irish Journal of Academic Practice

Employers are increasingly demanding graduates with industry-ready communication, leadership, emotional intelligence and social ethics skills. Community-based learning (CBL) is a pedagogical approach which has tremendous potential to produce graduates with these attributes. However, for many early-career lecturers, distilling the insights from the teaching and learning literature, and then producing a well-designed CBL module, can be an intimidating task. What is missing is a primer which presents the core ideas of CBL in a way that is independent of subject-specific jargon. Ideally, this primer should provide the reader with the means of either drafting an initial project plan or, at the …

The Impact On Assessment Results Of Changing To An Active Learning Approach: A Case Study From An Undergraduate Computer Science Degree Programme, Ciaran Cawley

Irish Journal of Academic Practice

This paper examines the impact of delivery and assessment changes in a module provided in the third year of a four-year undergraduate honours degree in computer science. It begins by outlining the initial structure of the module, and then discusses the rationale for alterations made to the hourly allocation of lectures versus hands-on laboratory classes, along with changes to the weightings of marks for written examination versus continuous assessment (CA). The paper next analyses the impact on student performance pre- and post-intervention and across the different assessment types, both written examination and CA project. Substantial effort was taken to ensure …

Power And Politics In Research Design And Practice: Opening Up Space For Social Equity In Interdisciplinary, Multi-Jurisdictional And Community-Based Research, Valoree Gagnon, Hugh Gorman, Emma Norman

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Working collaboratively with communities is commonly considered a cornerstone of good practice in research involving social-ecological concerns. Increasingly, funding agencies also recognise that such collaborations are most productive when community partners have some influence on the design and implementation of the projects that benefit from their participation. However, researchers engaged with this work often struggle to actively engage community members in this way and, in particular, Indigenous peoples. In this article, we argue that useful strategies for facilitating such engagement are to leave space in the research plan for questions of interest to community partners and to encourage equitable interactions …

The Gender Wage Gap: Does It Pay To Follow The Crowd?, Marissa Cozzi

The Park Place Economist

The gender wage gap has recently gained a significant amount of attention in the literature. The gender wage gap is the difference between male and female earnings for doing the same work. Additionally, one can often find the gender wage gap expressed as a percentage of male earnings. Currently, there is a debate over what portion of the gender wage gap is due to obvious workplace discrimination. Some argue that women’s career choices are the driving force behind the gender wage gap (Ehrenberg et al, 1993). However, there are many factors that could contribute to the gender wage gap such …

Examining The Progress Of Female Athletes In The Marathon, Nathan Atkins

The Park Place Economist

Unlike other sports such as baseball, basketball, football, and other team sports, the performance of a runner is not affected by the teammates around them or by an opponent’s defense. The only person that can impact the runner’s performance is the runner. At first glance, it may seem that elite marathon runners only come from African countries, but when digging deeper, the variable that makes an elite runner successful may surprise you. The purpose of this paper is to explore the variables that have the greatest impact on elite marathon runner’s performance. In addition to this, this paper attempts to …

Broadband Router Security: History, Challenges And Future Implications, Patryk Szewczyk, Rose Macdonald

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Consumer grade broadband routers are integral to accessing the Internet and are primarily responsible for the reliable routing of data between networks. Despite the importance of broadband routers, security has never been at the forefront of their evolution. Consumers are often in possession of broadband routers that are rich in consumer-orientated features yet riddled with vulnerabilities that make the routers susceptible to exploitation. This amalgamation of theoretical research examines consumer grade broadband routers from the perspective of how they evolved, what makes them vulnerable, how they are targeted, and the challenges concerning the application of security. The research further explores …

Insider Misuse Identification Using Transparent Biometrics, Nathan Clarke, Fudong Li, Abdulrahman Alruban, Steven Furnell

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Insider misuse is a key threat to organizations. Recent research has focused upon the information itself – either through its protection or approaches to detect the leakage. This paper seeks a different approach through the application of transparent biometrics to provide a robust approach to the identification of the individuals who are misusing systems and information. Transparent biometrics are a suite of modalities, typically behavioral-based that can capture biometric signals covertly or non-intrusively – so the user is unaware of their capture. Transparent biometrics are utilized in two phases a) to imprint digital objects with biometric-signatures of the user who …

Air Permeability Of Balsa Core, And Its Influence On Defect Formation In Resin Infused Sandwich Laminates, Rk Cullen, Sm Grove, J Summerscales

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Many large composite structures are manufactured using sandwich laminates to achieve high specific bending strength and stiffness. For wind turbine blades, the self-weight becomes increasingly important as blade size increases. Resin infusion of three-dimensional sandwich laminates can result in complex flow paths, and subsequent defect formation is difficult to predict. The core material used for sandwich construction and its interaction with liquid resins may also influence the formation of defects. In the case of balsa, this effect can be used to reduce defect severity. This paper considers the effect of cored sandwich laminate construction on the formation of defects. The …

Dynamical Systems Theory For Transparent Symbolic Computation In Neuronal Networks, Giovanni Sirio Carmantini

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

In this thesis, we explore the interface between symbolic and dynamical system computation, with particular regard to dynamical system models of neuronal networks. In doing so, we adhere to a definition of computation as the physical realization of a formal system, where we say that a dynamical system performs a computation if a correspondence can be found between its dynamics on a vectorial space and the formal system’s dynamics on a symbolic space. Guided by this definition, we characterize computation in a range of neuronal network models. We first present a constructive mapping between a range of formal systems and …

A Model For Monitoring End-User Security Policy Compliance, Mutlaq Alotaibi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Organisations increasingly perceive their employees as a great asset that needs to be cared for; however, at the same time, they view employees as one of the biggest potential threats to their cyber security. Organizations repeatedly suffer harm from employees who are not obeying or complying with their information security policies. Non-compliance behaviour of an employee, either unintentionally or intentionally, pose a real threat to an organization’s information security. As such, more thought is needed on how to encourage employees to be security compliant and more in line with a security policy of their organizations. Based on the above, this …

Assay Of Ip Mobility Management In Sdn Based Mobile Network Architecture, M. Dawood, W. Fuhrmann, B. V. Ghita

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Behavioural Monitoring Via Network Communications, Gaseb Alotibi

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

It is commonly acknowledged that using Internet applications is an integral part of an individual’s everyday life, with more than three billion users now using Internet services across the world; and this number is growing every year. Unfortunately, with this rise in Internet use comes an increasing rise in cyber-related crime. Whilst significant effort has been expended on protecting systems from outside attack, only more recently have researchers sought to develop countermeasures against insider attack. However, for an organisation, the detection of an attack is merely the start of a process that requires them to investigate and attribute the attack …

Mayo Dark Skies Park: A Virtual Experience, Mayo Dark Skies Community Group, Frank Prendergast

Datasets

The Mayo Dark Skies Community Group, in collaboration with the Dublin Institution of Technology, is pleased to launch a digital virtual experience of the Mayo Dark Sky Park. Following its designation as an International Dark Sky Park (Gold Tier), it is now possible to experience a part of this magnificent and pristine skyscape on your computer. This has been made possible using open source software (Stellarium http://www.stellarium.org/) and a specially commissioned digital panorama of the horizon surrounding the Ballycroy National Park Visitor Centre.

Stellarium is an open source planetarium for your computer and shows a fully realistic …

Evaluation Of Levels Of Antibiotic Resistance In Groundwater-Derived E. Coli Isolates In The Midwest Of Ireland And Elucidation Of Potential Predictors Of Resistance, Jean O'Dwyer, Paul Hynds, Matthieu Pot, Catherine Adley, Michael Ryan

Articles

Antibiotic-resistant (pathogenic and non-pathogenic) organisms and genes are now acknowledged as significant emerging aquatic contaminants with potentially adverse human and ecological health impacts, and thus require monitoring. This study is the first to investigate levels of resistance among Irish groundwater (private wells) samples; Escherichia coli isolates were examined against a panel of commonly prescribed human and veterinary therapeutic antibiotics, followed by determination of the causative factors of resistance. Overall, 42 confirmed E. coli isolates were recovered from a groundwater-sampling cohort. Resistance to the human panel of antibiotics was moderate; nine (21.4%) E. coli isolates demonstrated resistance to one or more …

Geospatial Drivers Of The Groundwater Δ18o Isoscape In A Temperate Maritime Climate (Republic Of Ireland), S. Regan, R. Goodhue, O. Naughton, Paul Hynds

Articles

In recent years, the concept of “isoscapes” has been used to describe spatiotemporal stable isotope distributions within natural environments including groundwater systems at multiple scales. This study presents an updated groundwater δ18O isoscape for the Republic of Ireland and describes the climatic and geological drivers influencing 18O composition. In all, 142 geographically and geologically representative groundwater installations were sampled and analysed, in addition to 35 samples from six nested boreholes. Geospatially, Irish groundwater exhibits high δ18O values in southern and western coastal regions, becoming progressively depleted inland before reaching lowest measured values along the eastern coast, equating to a national …

Application Of Artificial Intelligence For Detecting Derived Viruses, Omotayo Asiru, Moses Dlamini, Jonathan Blackledge

Conference papers

Computer viruses have become complex and operates in a stealth mode to avoid detection. New viruses are argued to be created each and every day. However, most of these supposedly ‘new’ viruses are not completely new. Most of the supposedly ‘new’ viruses are not necessarily created from scratch with completely new (something novel that has never been seen before) mechanisms. For example, most of these viruses just change their form and signatures to avoid detection. But their operation and the way they infect files and systems is still the same. Hence, such viruses cannot be argued to be new. In …

Stochastic Modelling For Levy Distributed Systems, Jonathan Blackledge, T Raja Rani

Articles

The purpose of this paper is to examine a range of results that can be derived from Einstein’s evolution equation focusing on (but not in an exclusive sense) the effect of introducing a L´evy distribution. In this context, we examine the derivation (as derived from the Einstein’s evolution equation) of the classical and fractional diffusion equations, the classical and generalised Kolmogorov-Feller equations, the evolution of self-affine stochastic fields through the fractional diffusion equation and the fractional Schr¨odinger equation, the fractional Poisson equation (for the time independent case), and, a derivation of the Lyapunov exponent. In this way, we provide a …

High Sensitivity Refractometer Based On Reflective Smf-Small Diameter No Core Fiber Structure, Guorui Zhou, Qiang Qu, Rahul Kumar, Wai Pang Ng, Hao Liu, Longfei Niu, Nageswara Lalam, Xiaodong Yuan, Yuliya Semenova

Conference Papers

A high sensitivity refractive index sensor based on a single mode-small diameter no core fiber structure is proposed. In this structure, a small diameter no core fiber (SDNCF) used as a sensor probe, was fusion spliced to the end face of a traditional single mode fiber (SMF) and the end face of the SDNCF was coated with a thin film of gold to provide reflective light. The influence of SDNCF diameter and length on the refractive index sensitivity of the sensor has been investigated by both simulations and experiments, where results show that the diameter of SDNCF has significant influence. …

The Effects Of Gamification On Corporate Compliance Training: A Field Experiment Of True Office Anti-Corruption Training Programs, Ryan J. Baxter, D. Kip Holderness, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Companies rely on internal controls to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act. One such control is anti-corruption employee training. Although corporate training is a key component of anti-fraud policies and procedures, it is often perceived as dull by employees. To motivate greater engagement, firms are experimenting with training that involves elements of digital games, known as gamification. We perform a field experiment with 158 employees of a large, multinational bank to examine the effectiveness of gamified anticorruption training. We find that employees strongly prefer gamified training to traditional, nongamified training and that gamified …

A Modular Architecture For Transparent Computation In Recurrent Neural Networks, Gs Carmantini, P Beim Graben, M Desroches, S Rodrigues

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Computation is classically studied in terms of automata, formal languages and algorithms; yet, the relation between neural dynamics and symbolic representations and operations is still unclear in traditional eliminative connectionism. Therefore, we suggest a unique perspective on this central issue, to which we would like to refer as transparent connectionism, by proposing accounts of how symbolic computation can be implemented in neural substrates. In this study we first introduce a new model of dynamics on a symbolic space, the versatile shift, showing that it supports the real-time simulation of a range of automata. We then show that the Gödelization of …