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Articles 22471 - 22500 of 24627
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Data Analytics In Performance Of Kick-Out Distribution And Effectiveness In Senior Championship Football In Ireland, Roisin Donnelly, Darragh Daly
Data Analytics In Performance Of Kick-Out Distribution And Effectiveness In Senior Championship Football In Ireland, Roisin Donnelly, Darragh Daly
Journal Articles
n recent years, data analytics has been a growing phenomenon in many fields, including sport, and there has been an increased focus on how technology will impact the work of coaching andperformance professionals. This paper provides a reflection of the use of data analytics within the Gaelic Athletic Association’s (GAA) football coaching practice in Ireland, and evaluates for coaches how to enhance kick- out distribution and effectiveness. Specifically, the study aimed to dissect and analyse kick- out strategies to assess from a coaching perspective, the impact on distribution andeffectiveness. The research is a …
Molecular Dynamics Studies Of Crystal Growth Phenomena In Cdte Based Heterostructures, Rodolfo Aguirre Ii
Molecular Dynamics Studies Of Crystal Growth Phenomena In Cdte Based Heterostructures, Rodolfo Aguirre Ii
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a material used to make solar cells because it absorbs the sunlight very efficiently and converts it into electricity. However, CdTe modules suffer from degradation of 1% over a period of 1 year. Improvements on the efficiency and stability can be achieved by designing better materials at the atomic scale. Experimental techniques to study materials at the atomic scale, such as Atomic Probe Tomography (APT) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) are expensive and time consuming. On the other hand, Molecular Dynamics (MD) offers an inexpensive and fast computer simulation technique to study the growth evolution of …
Teacher Perceptions Of The Implementation Of The Common Core State Standards In The Schools Of The Florida Conference Of Seventh-Day Adventists: A Qualitative Case Study, Rose J. Thomas
Dissertations
Problem
This qualitative case study focused on educators who teach in the Florida Conference of Seventh-day Adventists and their perceptions regarding the adequacy of the Professional Development to support the implementation of the CCSS; how they are implementing the CCSS in the classroom in terms of planning, teaching, and assessing; and their perceptions regarding the impact of the CCSS on student learning.
Method
The study included six participants who taught in six different schools from the various regions where the Florida Conference schools are located. The participants varied in age, ethnicity, number of years in the classroom, and the size …
Mindset, Academic Motivation, And Academic Self-Efficacy As Correlates Of Academic Achievement Among Undergraduate Students In Communication Sciences And Disorders Programs, Heather Loraine Ferguson
Mindset, Academic Motivation, And Academic Self-Efficacy As Correlates Of Academic Achievement Among Undergraduate Students In Communication Sciences And Disorders Programs, Heather Loraine Ferguson
Dissertations
Problem
Higher education serves many stakeholders including students, parents, faculty, staff, university administrators, and other contributors. Those stakeholders are all linked with one purpose: the success of the student. That success or failure is most commonly measured by achievement through grade point average (GPA). The academic demands within the college/university setting is high. Limited academic achievement can result in academic failure, being placed on academic probation, even losing scholarships and grants. Students enter college, progress through college, and often graduate without having a real understanding for what it truly takes to be academically successful and what factors may contribute to …
Decentralization, The Internal Revenue Allotment, And Shared Growth: An Examination Of Correlations, Ferdinand C. Maquito
Decentralization, The Internal Revenue Allotment, And Shared Growth: An Examination Of Correlations, Ferdinand C. Maquito
Journal of Public Affairs and Development
This is a macro study on the role of internal revenue allotments in decentralization to help the Philippines achieve shared growth. The research attempted to answer two interrelated development policy questions: 1) has the Philippines achieved shared growth; and 2) does the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) have the potential of contributing to shared growth? Patterns of correlation were distilled from available provincial as well as national data on average income, poverty incidence, income distribution, and IRA. Correlation analysis for the second question was supplemented with an analysis of the IRA formula. Results showed that growth in the Philippines has been …
Search For B− → Μ −Ν¯Μ Decays At The Belle Experiment, A. Sibidanov Et Al., Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri
Search For B− → Μ −Ν¯Μ Decays At The Belle Experiment, A. Sibidanov Et Al., Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri
Faculty Articles
We report the result of a search for the decay B−→μ−ν¯μ. The signal events are selected based on the presence of a high momentum muon and the topology of the rest of the event showing properties of a generic B-meson decay, as well as the missing energy and momentum being consistent with the hypothesis of a neutrino from the signal decay. We find a 2.4 standard deviation excess above background including systematic uncertainties, which corresponds to a branching fraction of (B−→μ−ν¯μ)=(6.46±2.22±1.60)×10−7 or a frequentist 90% confidence level interval on the B−→μ−ν¯μ branching fraction of [2.9,10.7]×10−7. This result is obtained from …
The Influence Of Cognitive And Psychological Well-Being Factors On Freshmen Community College Student Gpa: A Prediction Model, Barbara Karwacinski
The Influence Of Cognitive And Psychological Well-Being Factors On Freshmen Community College Student Gpa: A Prediction Model, Barbara Karwacinski
Dissertations
Problem
One of the most significant issues for higher education in the early 21st century is student success. Research studies indicate that a large number of freshman community college students are unsuccessful in their academic endeavor. However, there is insufficient research conducted to determine the holistic causes of this problem. Current research focuses on two types of traditional predictors: cognitive (ability, academic factors) and non-cognitive (affective, non-academic factors). It seems, however, that traditional cognitive and non-cognitive predictors alone are inadequate measures for determining students’ full potential because they cannot account for the psychological processes that contribute to and influence a …
Assessing The Factors Impacting Professional Learning For Teachers In Seventh-Day Adventist Schools: A Comparison Of Millennials And Non-Millennials, Betty L. Bayer
Dissertations
Problem and Purpose
Much research over several decades has established the importance of ongoing professional learning for teachers and has identified what effective professional learning should look like. Little research has been done, however, on the professional learning practices of teachers in faith-based schools, and few studies have focused on the learning needs of millennial teachers, those newest to the profession.
This study explores the professional learning practices of educators in the Seventh-day Adventist School system in North America and the factors that impact those practices, with a special focus on millennial educators. Educational leaders can use the results of …
Instructional Strategies Used By Effective Mathematics Teachers In Adventist Elementary Schools In Florida: An Mqi Analysis, Anna Adkins
Dissertations
The Problem
Teaching mathematics can be a difficult task. United States students on comparative international mathematics assessments consistently rank near the test averages. On a national assessment, commonly called the Nation’s Report Card, more than half of American students rank as ‘not proficient’ in mathematics. The purpose of this study was to describe the strategies used by teachers with at least average mathematical knowledge for teaching. This was evidenced by their scores on the Mathematical Knowledge Test for Teaching (MKT). In addition to teacher knowledge, the study sample was selected from among schools where the five-year average was above the …
The Impact Of Student Self-Discipline And Parental Involvement In Students' Academic Activities On Student Academic Performance, Susan N. Mbaluka
The Impact Of Student Self-Discipline And Parental Involvement In Students' Academic Activities On Student Academic Performance, Susan N. Mbaluka
Dissertations
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of student’s self-discipline and parental involvement on academic performance. The study sought to determine whether student’s self-discipline and parental involvement in student’s academic activities have any impact on student’s Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) scores or on their GPA.
Method
This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study in which multiple regressions were used to investigate the relationship(s) between student self-discipline and parental involvement with student’s ITBS scores and GPA. Due to challenges of collecting sufficient data, the study was done in two phases: a preliminary study involving 16 students …
Nonbreaking Wave‐Induced Mixing In Upper Ocean During Tropical Cyclones Using Coupled Hurricane‐Ocean‐Wave Modeling, S. Aijaz, M. Ghantous, A V. Babanin, Isaac Ginis, B. Thomas, G. Wake
Nonbreaking Wave‐Induced Mixing In Upper Ocean During Tropical Cyclones Using Coupled Hurricane‐Ocean‐Wave Modeling, S. Aijaz, M. Ghantous, A V. Babanin, Isaac Ginis, B. Thomas, G. Wake
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
The effects of turbulence generated by nonbreaking waves have been investigated by testing and evaluating a new nonbreaking wave parameterization in a coupled hurricane‐ocean‐wave model. The MPI version of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) with hurricane forcing is coupled with the WAVEWATCH‐III (WW3) surface wave model. Hurricane Ivan is chosen as the test case due to its extreme intensity and availability of field data during its passage. The model results are validated against field observations of wave heights and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from the National Data Buoy Centre (NDBC) during Hurricane Ivan and against limited in situ current and …
Inter-Comparison Of Phytoplankton Functional Type Phenology Metrics Derived From Ocean Color Algorithms And Earth System Models, Tihomir S. Kostadinov, Anna Cabré, Harish Vedantham, Irina Marinov, Astrid Bracher, Robert J.W. Brewin, Annick Bricaud, Takafumi Hirata, Toru Hirawake, Nick J. Hardman-Mountford, Colleen B. Mouw, Shovonlal Roy, Julia Uitz
Inter-Comparison Of Phytoplankton Functional Type Phenology Metrics Derived From Ocean Color Algorithms And Earth System Models, Tihomir S. Kostadinov, Anna Cabré, Harish Vedantham, Irina Marinov, Astrid Bracher, Robert J.W. Brewin, Annick Bricaud, Takafumi Hirata, Toru Hirawake, Nick J. Hardman-Mountford, Colleen B. Mouw, Shovonlal Roy, Julia Uitz
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Ocean color remote sensing of chlorophyll concentration has revolutionized our understanding of the biology of the oceans. However, a comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of oceanic ecosystems requires the characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of various phytoplankton functional types (PFTs), which have differing biogeochemical roles. Thus, recent bio-optical algorithm developments have focused on retrieval of various PFTs. It is important to validate and inter-compare the existing PFT algorithms; however direct comparison of retrieved variables is non-trivial because in those algorithms PFTs are defined differently. Thus, it is more plausible and potentially more informative to focus on emergent properties …
Quantification Of Rotavirus Diarrheal Risk Due To Hydroclimatic Extremes Over South Asia: Prospects Of Satellite‐Based Observations In Detecting Outbreaks, M. Alfi Hasan, Colleen B. Mouw, Antarpreet Jutla, Ali S. Akanda
Quantification Of Rotavirus Diarrheal Risk Due To Hydroclimatic Extremes Over South Asia: Prospects Of Satellite‐Based Observations In Detecting Outbreaks, M. Alfi Hasan, Colleen B. Mouw, Antarpreet Jutla, Ali S. Akanda
Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications
Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrheal disease among children under 5. Especially in South Asia, rotavirus remains the leading cause of mortality in children due to diarrhea. As climatic extremes and safe water availability significantly influence diarrheal disease impacts in human populations, hydroclimatic information can be a potential tool for disease preparedness. In this study, we conducted a multivariate temporal and spatial assessment of 34 climate indices calculated from ground and satellite Earth observations to examine the role of temperature and rainfall extremes on the seasonality of rotavirus transmission in Bangladesh. We extracted rainfall data from the Global …
Spatial Sampling Requirements For Received Signal Level Measurements In Cellular Networks Of Suburban Area, Abdlmagid Basere, Ivica Kostanic
Spatial Sampling Requirements For Received Signal Level Measurements In Cellular Networks Of Suburban Area, Abdlmagid Basere, Ivica Kostanic
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
A process for the determination of a required spatial resolution in the collection of the Received Signal Level (RSL) is discussed. This method considers RSL measurements as a three dimensional surface that is sampled through the data collection process. In addition, it is difficult to collect RSL measurements for an entire coverage area because of many obstacles, for example, buildings, lakes, and vegetation. Thus, the estimation of the coverage area is necessary for locations for which it is hard to collect the RSL. Kriging is a well-known technique for estimation of unknown values at specific locations, and it has shown …
Genesis Of Unique Carbonate Fans In A Pre-Salt Reservoir Analogue, Indio Mountains, West Texas, Andre Llanos
Genesis Of Unique Carbonate Fans In A Pre-Salt Reservoir Analogue, Indio Mountains, West Texas, Andre Llanos
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Hydrocarbon exploration in pre-salt sediments of rift basins on the South Atlantic Margin have proven to be successful major oil plays. Located on the western margin of the rift, the Brazilian pre-salt reservoirs of the Santos, Campos, and Espirito Santo Basins are hosted by lacustrine/marine-influenced carbonates that comprise laterally extensive, laminated microbialite facies. The Indio Mountains, located in West Texas, provide well-exposed outcrops of Lower Cretaceous marine and non-marine rift basin strata that can be considered a reservoir-analog to the South Atlantic Margin pre-salt facies. Of particular interest for hydrocarbon exploration are unique carbonate features that have been discovered in …
Black Police Uniforms Implicitly Increase Hostile Perceptions And Behavior, Amber Kristin Lupo
Black Police Uniforms Implicitly Increase Hostile Perceptions And Behavior, Amber Kristin Lupo
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Use of excessive, and sometimes deadly, force by U.S. law enforcement officers is a critical and costly problem. An enclothed cognition framework suggests that clothing, such as a uniform, can implicitly affect cognitive processing and behavior of the wearer (Adam & Galinsky, 2012). Previous research demonstrated that darker clothing implicitly affects judgments and behavior in two ways. First, persons who wear darker clothing are perceived more negatively (Vrig, 1997; Vrig & Akehurst, 1997). Second, actors wearing darker colored clothing demonstrate greater aggressive behavior than actors wearing lighter colored clothing (Frank & Gilovich, 1988; Peña, Hancock, & Merola, 2009). The present …
Classification Of Radar Jammer Fm Signals Using A Neural Network Approach, Ariadna Estefania Mendoza
Classification Of Radar Jammer Fm Signals Using A Neural Network Approach, Ariadna Estefania Mendoza
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
A Neural Network (NN) used to classify radar signals is proposed for the purpose of military survivability and lethality analysis. The goal of the NN is to correctly differentiate Frequency-Modulated (FM) signals from Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) using limited signal pre-processing. The FM signals used to test the NN approach are the linear or chirp FM and the power-law FM. Preliminary simulations using the moments of the signals in the time and frequency domain yielded better results in the frequency domain, suggesting that time domain training would not be as effective frequency domain training. To test this hypoThesis, we …
A Quantitative Analysis Of The Fretted Terrain Valleys, Arabia Terra, Mars, Kelsey Anne Mason
A Quantitative Analysis Of The Fretted Terrain Valleys, Arabia Terra, Mars, Kelsey Anne Mason
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Fretted terrain describes regions on Mars with low-lying, flat valleys separated by steep cliffs that often form polygonal-shaped mesas. The fretted terrain valleys have a morphology distinct from other valleys found on Mars, and their unknown origin may hold insights into critical questions about Mars' tectonic, magmatic, and hydrologic history. Current hypoThesis for the formation of the fretted terrain include fracturing as well as hydrological flow processes such as fluvial or glacial erosion. The region for this study is located in eastern Arabia Terra and is the type-location for fretted terrain. By qualitatively and quantitatively documenting the planform, or map-view, …
A New Method For Ultra-Low Sulfate Extraction And A Pilot Study In Arid Soils, Marisela Montelongo
A New Method For Ultra-Low Sulfate Extraction And A Pilot Study In Arid Soils, Marisela Montelongo
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Sulfur in soils is a crucial nutrient for all organisms including plants. Sulfate (SO42-), a water soluable anion, is a good source of this important element. Because of the importance of sulfur for agriculture, the use of sulfate has been well studied in temperate climate zones, and it is generally accepted that microbes play a critical role in controlling the availability of sulfate. Organically bound sulfur, such as sulfate esters and carbon-bonded sulfur, compounds that are generated and decomposed by microbes, are essential sulfur sources for plants under these conditions. For arid environments, knowledge of sulfate turnover in soils by …
Empathic Experience Design For Cognitive Impairment, Leonardo Orea-Amador
Empathic Experience Design For Cognitive Impairment, Leonardo Orea-Amador
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Empathic Experience Design (EED) is a technique that lets product designers empathize with their product users with the use of empathic experiences. These empathic experiences are activities that let designers become immersed in a simulation of the users' typical environment and conditions and gain powerful insights of the user's product experience. The simulation uses "tools" like earplugs and gloves that can simulate specific conditions such as hearing loss, or lack of sensitivity, for example. Literature shows that this empathic approach enables designers to discover unarticulated customer needs known as user latent needs. Latent needs produce significant benefits in the creation …
The Influence Of Multiple Representations On Secondary Students' Understanding Of Trigononetric Functions, Mayra Lizeth Ortiz Galarza
The Influence Of Multiple Representations On Secondary Students' Understanding Of Trigononetric Functions, Mayra Lizeth Ortiz Galarza
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Trigonometry is a critical subject in mathematics that both high school and undergraduate students need to learn in order to be prepared for advanced mathematics. Despite the importance of trigonometry in the mathematics curriculum, little is known about best practices for teaching trigonometric functions and what difficulties students face when learning the topic. Using a Grounded Theory approach, this Dissertation presents the results of a design study (or teaching experiment) whose purpose was to examine the process by which students constructed the concept of trigonometric functions through multiple representations and how students developed meta-representational competence. The design study involved two …
Study Of Electron Gas On A Neutron-Rich Nuclear Pasta, Enrique Ramirez-Homs
Study Of Electron Gas On A Neutron-Rich Nuclear Pasta, Enrique Ramirez-Homs
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
This study used a classical molecular dynamics model to observe the role of electron gas on the formation of nuclear structures at subsaturation densities (Ï?<0.015 fm^-3) and low temperatures (T< 1MeV ). The simulations were performed by varying the Coulomb interaction strength on systems of isospin symmetric and asymmetric matter with periodic boundary conditions. The effect was quantified on the fragment size multiplicity, the inter-particle distance, the isospin content of the clusters, the nucleon mobility and cluster persistence, and on the nuclear structure shapes. The existence of the nuclear pasta structures was observed even with the absence of the Coulomb interaction but with a modication of the shapes formed. It was found that the presence of the electron gas tends to distribute matter more evenly, forms less compact objects, decreases the isospin content of clusters, modies the nucleon mobility, reduces the persistence and the fragment size multiplicity, but does not alter the inter-particle distance in clusters. The degree of these effects also varied on the nuclear structures and depended on their isospin content, temperature, and density.
Safety Airway For Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using A Gas Particles Behavior Analogy, Pablo Rangel
Safety Airway For Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using A Gas Particles Behavior Analogy, Pablo Rangel
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) implemented the Part 107 legislation to allow the flight of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for commercial use (i.e. package deliveries, power transmission line inspections, etc.) in the National Airspace System (NAS). As a consequence of the newly introduced rules, there is an increased risk for accidents involving injured bystanders or damaged to property. The work within this document defines a UAV to UAV safety distance model that acts as a range sensor enabled "elastic bubble". The length of the UAV safety bubble contracts and expands upon changing airway wind speed conditions. It also …
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Navigating Through Year One Of The Principalship, Angela Marie Reyna
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Navigating Through Year One Of The Principalship, Angela Marie Reyna
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Given the intense pressures, expectations, and public scrutiny, school principals now undertake even greater roles and responsibilities than their predecessors (DuFour & Mattos, 2013; Kellough & Hill, 2014; Hale & Moorman, 2003; Fullan, 2003; Deal & Peterson, 2010; Koozes & Posner, 2012). New, or neophyte, principals are expected to step in and maintain or increase test scores while navigating intricacies of the new position and school. The socialization experience into a new work environment, which can be magnified for neophyte principals, is a large indicator of principal success (Shaver, 2007). Developing trustworthy relationships with the school community has direct impact …
Complementary Charged Molecular Imprints Of West Nile Virus Antibodies, Julio Rincon
Complementary Charged Molecular Imprints Of West Nile Virus Antibodies, Julio Rincon
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
There is a significant demand for robust and stable receptor molecules that can mimic biological molecules, such as antibodies. Relying only on natural recognition molecules have greatly limited the uses and capabilities of many aspects of health sciences due to product expense and stability. This is especially important in medically underserved areas where the lack of resources and faulty or limited cold-chain makes antibody based diagnostics very difficult to implement.
With molecular imprinting, it is possible to recognize diseases with the added advantage of product stability, long term use, fast preparation and ease of scalability, all while being cost effective. …
Using Underground Radon To Detect Inactive Geological Faults, Germán Rodríguez Ortiz
Using Underground Radon To Detect Inactive Geological Faults, Germán Rodríguez Ortiz
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
This Thesis presents the results of an investigation of the concentration of radon in soil around a fault in the East Franklin Mountains in the El Paso area in West Texas. The connection between underground radon exhalations near active faults has been known for decades, but possible similar increases of underground radon levels around inactive faults have not been studied as thoroughly. Arguing that the dilatancy-diffusion model used to explain the phenomenon near active faults does not apply to the case of inactive faults, a hypoThesis is formulated under which increased levels of underground radon must be present near inactive …
Towards A Unified Theory Of Engineering Education, Oscar Humberto Salcedo
Towards A Unified Theory Of Engineering Education, Oscar Humberto Salcedo
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
STEM education is an interdisciplinary approach to learning where rigorous academic concepts are coupled with real-world lessons and activities as students apply science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in contexts that make connections between school, community, work, and the global enterprise enabling STEM literacy (Tsupros, Kohler and Hallinen, 2009). The purpose of the Dissertation is to develop a unified theory of engineering education based on philosophies of mathematics, science, technology & engineering, and engineering education. Using purposive sampling methods, the Thesis constructs "representative" philosophy statements from the STEM fields based on the criteria of Constructivism, Progressivism, and/or Pragmatism. These statements are …
Seismic Investigation Of The Kunlun Fault: Analysis Of The Indepth Iv 2-D Active-Source Seismic Dataset, William Seelig
Seismic Investigation Of The Kunlun Fault: Analysis Of The Indepth Iv 2-D Active-Source Seismic Dataset, William Seelig
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The Tibetan Plateau has experienced significant crustal thickening and deformation since the continental subduction and collision of the Asian and Indian plates in the Eocene. Deformation of the northern Tibetan Plateau is largely accommodated by strike-slip faulting. The Kunlun Fault is a 1000-km long strike-slip fault near the northern boundary of the Plateau that has experienced five magnitude 7.0 or greater earthquakes in the past 100 years and represents a major rheological boundary. Active-source, 2-D seismic reflection/ refraction data, collected as part of project INDEPTH IV (International Deep Profiling of Tibet and the Himalaya, phase IV) in 2007, was used …
Time Degradation Of Perovskites, Nazia Sharmin
Time Degradation Of Perovskites, Nazia Sharmin
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Perovskite organic-inorganic compounds are of interest for photovoltaic purposes, unfortunately, some of the organic-inorganic elements tend to evaporate rather rapidly rendering the films less effective for photoelectric use. In this study, we examine the evaporation of Perovskite organic-inorganic compounds produced by several manufacturing techniques. In particular we perform XRF and XPS inspections as a function of time and determine the fabrication method that best conserves iodine and lead.
Pyroelectric Ceramics As Temperature Sensors For Energy System Applications, Jorge Luis Silva
Pyroelectric Ceramics As Temperature Sensors For Energy System Applications, Jorge Luis Silva
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Temperature is continuously monitored in energy systems to ensure safe operation temperatures, increase efficiency and avoid high emissions. Most of energy systems operate at high temperature and harsh environments to achieve higher efficiencies, therefore temperature sensing devices that can operate under these conditions are highly desired. The interest has increased in temperature sensors capable to operate and in harsh environments and temperature sensors capable to transmit thermal information wirelessly. One of the solutions for developing harsh environment sensors is to use ceramic materials, especially functional ceramics such as pyroelectrics. Pyroelectric ceramics could be used to develop active sensors for both …