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Aging In Myanmar, John Knodel, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This spotlight provides an overview of thesituation of older persons in Myanmar, an under-studied country ofover-50-million population. Myanmar is of particular interest to researchersand policy makers, given its overall level of poverty and modestly rapidpopulation aging. Research on older persons, while increasing in recent years,remains sparse. Empirical evidence indicates that Myanmar older persons are inrelatively poorer health compared to those in neighboring countries. Many livein abject poverty and depend on their families for material support.Coresidence is very common and facilitates reciprocal exchanges acrossgenerations. Looking ahead, Myanmar confronts important challenges includingdemographic shifts that reduce availability of family support for older personsand …

Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii Among Pregnant Women In Erbil City/ Kurdistan Region/ Iraq, Hussein M. Abdullah, Marwan A. Mahmood

Polytechnic Journal

Objectives: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that infects one third of world population. Toxoplasmosis is an important especially in pregnant women and immunocompromised patients, the pregnant women infection would be life threatening or remain severe disorders for the fetus. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of the parasite antibodies in pregnant women attending maternity and Pediatric Hospital in Erbil city. Methods: Serum samples were collected from pregnant women then anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were estimated by commercially ELISA kits and the relation of infection with socio- demographic factors such as age, residency, educational levels …

Diagnostic Value Of Thrombocytopenia In Helicobacter Pylori Infection Among Pregnant And Non-Pregnant Women In Erbil City, Najat Jabbar Ahmed Berwary, Saeed Ghulam, Goran Qader Othman

Polytechnic Journal

Thrombocytopenia is one of the health problems that faced pregnant women. The formation of antibodies against some of viral and bacterial infection leads to molecular mimicry with the surface of platelets. Hence, it leads to thrombocytopenic purpura. In current study, 421 women including 388 pregnant and 33 non-pregnant women, aged between 18 - 44 years participated in this study. Complete blood count (CBC) and anti H. pylori tests were performed for all participants. A total number of seropositive women for anti H. pylori Ab test (IgG) was 253 (60.1%) including 237 pregnant women and 93 of them were with history …

Prevalence Of Urinary Tract Infection And Its Effect On The Immunological Parameters Among Erbilian Women, Najat Jabbar Ahmed Berwary, Hoshyar Amin Ahmed

Polytechnic Journal

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections resulting in high direct health care expenditure. There are hypotheses suggest that recurrent UTI related to host immunity. Five hundred seventeen pregnant women comprising 388 pregnant and 33 non- pregnant women, aged between 20 - 55 years, were selected randomly. The aim of this study is to compare between the level of C3 complement component, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA), hs-CRP among patients who are suffering from UTI and women with no of UTI. The results show the significant differences in the Mean ± SD for IgG, IgM …

The Global Alliance For Infections In Surgery: Defining A Model For Antimicrobial Stewardship-Results From An International Cross-Sectional Survey, M Sartelli, F Labricciosa, P Barbadoro, L Pagani, L Ansaloni, Rifat Latifi, N Shafiq, K Koike, I Kozlovska, A Kumar, L Lagunes, Rifat Latifi, J Lee, N Shafiq

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) have been promoted to optimize antimicrobial usage and patient outcomes, and to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms. However, the best strategies for an ASP are not definitively established and are likely to vary based on local culture, policy, and routine clinical practice, and probably limited resources in middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate structures and resources of antimicrobial stewardship teams (ASTs) in surgical departments from different regions of the world. METHODS: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in 2016 on 173 physicians who participated in the AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global …

Uses Of The Hypergeometric Distribution For Determining Survival Or Complete Representation Of Subpopulations In Sequential Sampling, Brooke Busbee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis will explore the hypergeometric probability distribution by looking at many different aspects of the distribution. These include, and are not limited to: history and origin, derivation and elementary applications, properties, relationships to other probability models, kindred hypergeometric distributions and elements of statistical inference associated with the hypergeometric distribution. Once the above are established, an investigation into and furthering of work done by Walton (1986) and Charlambides (2005) will be done. Here, we apply the hypergeometric distribution to sequential sampling in order to determine a surviving subcategory as well as study the problem of and complete representation of the …

Household Water Insecurity, Missed Schooling, And The Mediating Role Of Caregiver Depression In Rural Uganda, Christine E. Cooper-Vince, Bernard Kakuhikire, Dagmar Vořechovská, Amy Q. Mcdonough, Jessica M. Perkins, Atheendar S. Venkataramani, Rumbidzai Mushavi, Charles Baguma, Scholastic Ashaba, David Bangsberg, Alexander C. Tsai

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: School attendance rates in sub-Saharan Africa are among the lowest worldwide, placing children at heightened risk for poor educational and economic outcomes. One understudied risk factor for missed schooling is household water insecurity, which is linked to depression among women and may increase children’s water-fetching burden at the expense of educational activities, particularly among children of depressed caregivers. In this study conducted in rural Uganda, we assessed the association between household water insecurity and child school participation and the mediating pathways behind these associations.

Method: We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study of female household heads (N = 257) and …

Prevalence, Age Profile, And Associated Risk Factors For Hymenolepis Nana Infection In A Large Population-Based Study In Northern Peru, Percy M. Vilchez Barreto, Ricardo Gamboa, Saul Santivañez, Seth E. O'Neal, Claudio Muro, Andrés G. Lescano, Luz M. Moyano, Guillermo Gonzálvez, Hector H. García

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is a common intestinal infection of children worldwide. We evaluated infection and risk factor data that were previously collected from 14,761 children aged 2-15 years during a large-scale program in northern Peru. We found that 1,124 of 14,761 children (7.61%) had H. nana infection, a likely underestimate given that only a single stool sample was examined by microscopy for diagnosis. The strongest association with infection was lack of adequate water (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82-2.48) and sanitation infrastructure in the house (aPR 1.94, 95% CI 1.64-2.29). One quarter of …

Planning And Designing The Improving Addiction Care Team (Impact) For Hospitalized Adults With Substance Use Disorder, Honora Englander, Melissa B. Weimer, Rachel Solotaroff, Christina Nicolaidis, Benjamin Chan, Christine M. Velez, Alison Noice, Tim Hartnett, Ed Blackburn, Pen Barnes, P. Todd Korthuis

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

People with substance use disorders (SUD) have high rates of hospitalization and readmission, long lengths of stay, and skyrocketing healthcare costs. Yet, models for improving care are extremely limited. We performed a needs assessment and then convened academic and community partners, including a hospital, community SUD organizations, and Medicaid accountable care organizations, to design a care model for medically complex hospitalized patients with SUD. Needs assessment showed that 58% to 67% of participants who reported active substance use said they were interested in cutting back or quitting. Many reported interest in medication for addiction treatment (MAT). Participants had high rates …

Estimated Costs Of Contact In Men's Collegiate Sports, Ray C. Fair, Christopher Champa

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Injury rates in twelve U.S. men’s collegiate sports are examined in this paper. The twelve sports ranked by overall injury rate are wrestling, football, ice hockey, soccer, basketball, lacrosse, tennis, baseball, indoor track, cross country, outdoor track, and swimming. The first six sports will be called “contact” sports, and the next five will be called “non-contact.” Swimming is treated separately because it has many fewer injuries. Injury rates in the contact sports are considerably higher than they are in the non-contact sports and they are on average more severe. Estimates are presented of the injury savings that would result if …

Metabolic Differentiation Of Early Lyme Disease From Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (Stari), C Molins, L Ashton, Gary Wormser, B Andre, A Hess, J Belisle

NYMC Faculty Publications

Lyme disease, the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the United States, results from infection with Borrelia burgdorferi. Early clinical diagnosis of this disease is largely based on the presence of an erythematous skin lesion for individuals in high-risk regions. This, however, can be confused with other illnesses including southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI), an illness that lacks a defined etiological agent or laboratory diagnostic test, and is coprevalent with Lyme disease in portions of the eastern United States. By applying an unbiased metabolomics approach with sera retrospectively obtained from well-characterized patients, we defined biochemical and diagnostic differences between early …

Gamma Power In Pakistani Children: Links To Executive Function And Verbal Ability, Amanda R. Tarullo, Jelena Obradovic, Brandon Keehn, Muneera Rasheed, Saima Siyal, Charles A. Nelson, Aisha K. Yousafzai

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Children in low- and middle-income countries are at high risk of cognitive deficits due to environmental deprivation that compromises brain development. Despite the high prevalence of unrealized cognitive potential, very little is known about neural correlates of cognition in this population. We assessed resting EEG power and cognitive ability in 105 highly disadvantaged 48-month-old children in rural Pakistan. An increase in EEG power in gamma frequency bands (21-30Hz and 31-45Hz) was associated with better executive function. For girls, EEG gamma power also related to higher verbal IQ. This study identifies EEG gamma power as a neural marker of cognitive function …

Wagon Tracks. Volume 25, Issue 2 (February, 2011), Santa Fe Trail Association

Wagon Tracks

No abstract provided.

Lyme Disease Patient Care: An Exploration Of The Opportunity For Quality Improvement And Standardization Of Healthcare Services In The Lehigh Valley Health Network., Sienna Mcnett, Jaan Naktin Md

Research Scholars Poster Presentation

No abstract provided.

Surveillance Of Deer Tick Abundance And Pathogen Prevalence In The Lehigh Valley, Julia Leep-Lazar, Samantha Stuppi

Research Scholars Poster Presentation

No abstract provided.

Quality Improvement Study To Evaluate The Effects Of Implementation Of A Rapid Identification Diagnostic Test On Multidrug-Resistant Bloodstream Infections At A Large Academic Institution., Ridhi Mehta, Amy Slenker Md

Research Scholars Poster Presentation

No abstract provided.

Drug Repurposing Using The Anthrax Toxin Internalization Pathway, Leeor Zilbermintz

KGI Theses and Dissertations

Pathogens and pathogenic agents such as lethal toxin, exploit host proteins for their success. Antibiotic discovery efforts have been focused on developing drugs that selectively target pathogens, despite the potential for drug resistance and providing no guarantee of fewer side effects for the patient. This dissertation describes the systematic efforts to identify drugs that alter those host proteins that are involved in the anthrax toxin internalization pathway. Anthrax is a rare and lethal disease caused by the toxin producing, gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. The lethality of anthrax is largely attributed to the toxins that circulate within the host, destroying host …

The Role Of Relationship Dynamics And Gender Inequalities As Barriers To Hiv-Serostatus Disclosure: Qualitative Study Among Women And Men Living With Hiv In Durban, South Africa, Divya S. Bhatia, Abigail D. Harrison, Muriel Kubeka, Cecilia Milford, Angela Kaida, Francis Bajunirwe, Ira B. Wilson, Christina Psaros, Steven A, Safren, David R. Bangsberg, Jennifer A. Smit, Lynn T. Matthews

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: This qualitative study investigated gender power inequalities as they contribute to relationship dynamics and HIV-serostatus disclosure among men and women living with HIV in Durban, South Africa. HIV serodiscordance among men and women within stable partnerships contributes to high HIV incidence in southern Africa, yet disclosure rates remain low. Given the emphasis on prevention for HIV-serodiscordant couples, this research supports the urgent need to explore how best to support couples to recognize that they are part of this priority population and to access appropriate prevention and treatment.

Methods: Thirty-five in-depth individual interviews were conducted with 15 HIV-positive men …

Analysis Of Policy Making Factors On The Prohibition Of Hormones And Antibiotics Use For Feed As A Public Health Protection, Zaima Amalia, Wiku Adisasmito

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Food safety is one of the current international emerging issues. The danger of using antibiotics in animal husbandry is one of the contributors to human resistance. In Indonesia, antibiotics are commonly used as growth promoters in animal husbandry. Prohibition on the use of hormones and antibiotics mixed into animal feed written in Law No. 18 of 2009 on Animal Husbandry and Health which is then clarified by the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 14/Permentan/PK.350/5/2017 on the Classification of Animal Drugs. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors which influence the formation of policy on the prohibition of …

Determinant Of Timely First-Shot Hepatitis B Immunization In East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, Putri Bungsu Machmud, Dwi Gayatri, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Hepatitis B remains as one of health problems in the world. The results of several studies related to factors in predicting of the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization were still inconsistent. Aim of this study is to identify determinant factors of the timely first-shot hepatitis B immunization in East Lombok, Indonesia. We used a cross sectional design study, and data derived from immunization coverage survey at six districts/ cities in 2013. A Total of 227 children aged 12 to 23 months who already got immunization of a first-shot hepatitis B vaccineand well documented were included as samples in this study. …

Wagon Tracks. Volume 28, Issue 1 (November, 2013), Santa Fe Trail Association

Wagon Tracks

Awards and Symposium . 1
President’s Message. 2
Joanne’s Jottings . 3
News .4 - 6
Symposium Photos . 9, 27, 28
Hall of Fame . 7, 15, 24
Chapter Reports . 24
Membership Renewal . 27
Events . 28

Articles
Plan to Rob Wethered and Brevort Foiled . 7
An Estranjero’s Proposal: Tórrez . 8
Surviving Disease on the Plains: Chambers . 10
Low-Level Aerial Photography: Aber. 16

Columns
Cyber Ruts: Maps: Olsen . 14
Book: Comanche Empire: Sears . 23

An Evidence-Based Educational Strategy To Improve Influenza Vaccination Rates Among Hospital Nurses, Patrick Albert Palmieri, Terri L. Spoltore, Oscar Lee

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Seasonal influenza, or the flu, impacts three million people annually. In hospital settings, the flu is associated with nosocomial infection and absenteeism. The CDC recommends flu vaccination for all eligible individuals, especially healthcare workers. Interventions to address misconceptions about vaccine safety and efficacy are associated with improved vaccination rates.

Exploratory Study On Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Implementing The Culture Of Huddling In Ambulatory Care, Carol Bloch, Carolyn Bloch

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The main purpose of this study was to follow- up and measure if huddles were actually being conducted in the ambulatory clinics post didactic education to the nursing staff. The findings revealed that the participants felt that there was improved team communication and better patient care through huddles.

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Controlling Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli O157: H7 Using Selenium And Rutin, Meera Surendran Nair

Doctoral Dissertations

Enterohemorrhagic E.coli O157: H7 (EHEC) has emerged as one of the leading causes of food borne illness and pediatric diarrheal disease in the United States. The EHEC associated life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome in human patients is linked to the expression of several virulence factors of the pathogen, especially verotoxins. Verotoxins (VT) or shiga like toxins (Stx) are the major virulence factors elaborated by EHEC. Even after 30 years of research on EHEC epidemiology and pathogenesis, little advancement has been made in disease prevention and treatment against the bacterium. One of the main limitations in treating EHEC infection is the contraindicated …

Group A Strep (Gas), Kimberly Hyatt

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Abstract

Group A Streptococcal (GAS) bacteria is a common but potent pathogen. GAS is the most common cause of pharyngitis in the world and can be easily treated with the right antibiotic. Left untreated or undertreated, however, GAS is the ninth leading cause of infectious disease mortality, worldwide. Lethality from a GAS infection is 10-30%. The virulence factors of GAS are responsible for the short and long term havoc it wreaks on an individual, and the incredible disease burden of 18.1 million severe cases of GAS, annually, around the globe. In the U.S., each year, GAS pharyngitis, alone, costs $500 …

Prevalence, Virological Status, And Improvement Of Depression Symptoms During A One-Year Hiv Cohort Study, Yeow Chye Ng, Sandra C. Jones

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Depression is still an under diagnosed condition in HIV infected population. Implementation of PHQ-9 screening at all the clinical level could be the first step to alleviating this concern, regardless of the patient"s current virological status.

Enhancing Interventions To Impact Healthcare Transition Readiness And Preparation Of Hiv-Infected Young Adults, Sandra C. Jones, Yeow Chye Ng, Shelley R. Ost

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Many HIV infected young adults are not prepared to transition their healthcare from adolescent to adult health care settings. This study shows how HIV medical providers implemented a transition readiness assessment tool into practice in order to determine any type of individualized interventions provided.

Describing The Contribution And Value Of Public Health Nurses To Health System Outcomes, Nancy Purdy, Maureen Cava, Joanne Crawford, Christina Catallo

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The purpose of this study is to begin to describe the value of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) to health system outcomes. Thirty PHNs working in a full range of public health programs and services will be interviewed to begin identifying PHN-sensitive outcomes.

Collaborative Work Of Patients And Providers: Symptoms, Challenges, Shared Meaning, And Planning The Work, Donald E. Jr. Bailey, Ruth A. Anderson, N. Marcus Thygeson

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C face treatments that worsen the unpleasant symptoms they experience from their disease. We used the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness to explore how healthcare providers collaborate with patients to share treatment information and whether the way it"s shared influences patents" self-management of symptoms.

Exploring The Impact Of International Field School Experiences On Nursing Students And Their International Hosts, Marlene C. Welsh, Renate Gibbs, Lorelei Newton, Catherine Mcdonald

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

International field schools have been a cornerstone of global health education for nursing students at Camosun College (Canada) for over a decade. We will review findings from research conducted to explore the uptake of global health concepts, impact on future clinical placements and perspectives from the host countries.