Digital Commons Network^™

The Boom And Bust Of American Imprisonment, Brandon L. Garrett

Faculty Scholarship

We are teetering at the edge of a mass incarceration binge. Lawmakers are reconsidering overly harsh criminal punishments. At the same time, eight years later, people are still furious that elite criminals and CEOs avoided criminal punishment in the wake of the last financial crisis. Many have complained that no Wall Street bankers went to jail. What do these conflicting tendencies mean? In this book review, first, I discuss the new book by business professor Eugene Soltes titled "Why They Do It," which explores psychological research on risk-taking by corporate criminals. Second, I discuss law professor Sam Buell's "Capital Offenses," …

Treatment Choice Among Combat Veterans, Zachary Clayborne Dietrich

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

A plethora of research has investigated PTSD treatment outcomes among Veterans of foreign wars. However, research has suggested mixed treatment efficacy. Although investigations into factors that may help predict treatment outcomes are emerging, to date no study has evaluated treatment choice among Veteran populations. Previous treatment choice studies have yielded qualitative and quantitative information that can be useful in clinical decision-making. This study looks to build upon the treatment choice literature with combat Veterans to evaluate for underlining characteristics of cohorts that will help build upon existing knowledge. It has been suggested that treatment benefits Vietnam Era Veterans more than …

A Forgotten Confederate: John H. Ash's Story Rediscovered, Heidi Moye

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

A historical study of a southern family living in Savannah, GA from shortly before the election of 1860 through the Civil War years based on the journals of John Hergen Ash II (1843-1918).

Curbing Managerial Agency Costs: Private Litigation And Its Substitutes In The Us, James D. Cox, Randall S. Thomas

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Nature Of Sequential Innovation, Christopher Buccafusco, Stefan Bechtold, Christopher Jon Sprigman

Faculty Scholarship

When creators and innovators take up a new task, they face a world of existing creative works, inventions, and ideas, some of which are governed by intellectual property (IP) rights. This presents a choice: Should the creator pay to license those rights? Or, alternatively, should the creator undertake to innovate around them? Our Article formulates this “build on/build around decision” as the fundamental feature of sequential creativity, and it maps a number of factors—some legal, some contextual—that affect how creators are likely to decide between building on existing IP or building around it. Importantly, creators are influenced by more than …

Saving The Political Consensus In Favor Of Free Trade, Timothy Meyer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Retrospective Review Of The After-Hours Social Work Service In A Tertiary-Care Public Hospital In Australia, Manoj Pereira, Georgina Wire, Kathy Stiller

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: After-hours social work (SW) services seem to be provided in many major healthcare centres but there appear to be no data describing these services, in terms of the number of patients seen, their characteristics, types of problems, SW interventions provided, their effectiveness or the impact of providing after-hours services on the provider. The aim of this study was to investigate the patient characteristics and types of interventions provided to patients who received an after-hours SW service and the effect of providing these services on the service-provider. Method: A retrospective review of data collected on patients who had received after-hours …

Community Engagement With Older Adults To Evaluate Interprofessional Education In Allied Healthcare Students, Scott Heinerichs, Mary Beth Gilboy, Stacie Metz, Melissa A. Reed, Barbara E. Harrison

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: To examine students’ perceptions of interprofessional education (IPE) as a result of their participation in a community engagement experience with older adults. Methods: Thirty-six students enrolled in the undergraduate majors of athletic training, exercise science, and nutrition participated in an 8-week fall prevention program in two community dwelling senior centers. A one-group pretest-posttest evaluation design was used to assess the IPE experience of the students. Students completed the University of the West England Interprofessional Questionnaire pre and post intervention. Results: Both pretest and posttest student self-assessments of communication and teamwork skills ranged from slightly positive to neutral (means from …

Effectiveness Of A Wearable Fitness Tracker: Practice Implications In Allied Health -- A Single Case Study, Thomas William Miller

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this single case study was to examine the effectiveness of utilizing a wearable fitness tracker device in self-monitoring behavior change in complying with prescribed treatment. It was hypothesized that using a wearable self-monitoring device while involved in the treatment of multiple medical conditions will be beneficial to behavioral compliance and behavioral change in an overweight type 2 diabetic, geriatric subject being treated by a multidisciplinary health team utilizing an integrated treatment model.

Methods: An exploratory single case study research design is employed to explore those situations in which the intervention, a wearable monitoring device, is …

Patient Experiences When Preparing For Discharge Home After Total Knee Replacement, Renee Causey-Upton, Dana M. Howell

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Following total knee replacement (TKR), patients must prepare quickly for discharge to home via education and rehabilitation. Patient needs may not fully be met prior to discharge after TKR surgery. The purpose of this descriptive study using transcendental phenomenology methods was to understand patients’ experiences when preparing to return home after TKR surgery. Method: Data was collected using semi-structured interviews that occurred 1 to 2 days prior to discharge in patients’ hospital rooms. Four participants were interviewed prior to discharge and interviews were transcribed verbatim for data analysis. Data analysis and data collection were concurrent, permitting subsequent interviews to …

Use Of The Kawa Model For Teambuilding With Rehabilitative Professionals: An Exploratory Study, Jennifer E. Lape, Brian D. Scaife

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The KAWA model, a culturally-sensitive model of occupational therapy practice, can enhance patient-provider collaboration, but its use as a tool for teambuilding and collaboration among an interprofessional group has not been studied. Teambuilding has been positively correlated with job satisfaction, and quality of client care. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to identify potential uses of the KAWA model and areas for future research related to teambuilding. Method: Trainings on the model, including a review of model components, its potential utility with clients, and an interactive activity, were provided to two rehabilitative teams (N=26) within two skilled …

Coordinating Compliance Incentives, Veronica Root

Faculty Scholarship

In today’s regulatory environment, a corporation engaged in wrongdoing can be sure of one thing: regulators will point to an ineffective compliance program as a key cause of institutional misconduct. The explosion in the importance of compliance is unsurprising given the emphasis that governmental actors — from the Department of Justice, to the Securities and Exchange Commission, to even the Commerce Department — place on the need for institutions to adopt “effective compliance programs.” The governmental actors that demand effective compliance programs, however, have narrow scopes of authority. DOJ Fraud handles violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, while the …

A Review Of The Use Of Massive Open Online Courses (Moocs) In Medical Imaging Education, Kevin R. Clark, Beth L. Vealé, Lynette K. Watts

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this review article is to describe the benefits and challenges associated with massive open online courses (MOOCs) and to discuss the implications specific to medical imaging education and training. Methods: Peer-reviewed journal articles pertaining to MOOCs in higher education were analyzed to identify commonalities, relationships, and possible gaps in the literature. Results: Analysis revealed several repetitive themes and concepts regarding the use of MOOCs in higher education: theory of connectivism, instructors’ and students’ perspectives, and benefits and challenges. Implications for medical imaging education and training were also discussed. Conclusions: As web-based education and technology integration continue …

Identifying The Pathway To Conservative Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy In A Tertiary Public Hospital In Australia: A Retrospective Audit, Tara Beaumont, Kate Goode

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Introduction: Incontinence and/or pelvic organ prolapse symptoms are prevalent in women in Australia and the estimated healthcare cost is considerable. Internationally accepted best practice evidence supports a trial of conservative Physiotherapy treatment with a Physiotherapist trained in the management of pelvic floor dysfunction before surgical options should be considered. Existing referral pathways in the tertiary healthcare system to access conservative Physiotherapy treatment require direct referral from Gynaecology staff. Objective: To identify the pathway to conservative pelvic floor physiotherapy for women referred to a tertiary hospital in Australia with incontinence and/or pelvic organ prolapse symptoms following existing referral pathways. …

A Case Report Discussing The Options For Placement Of Glaucoma Drainage Devices In The Presence Of Corneal Decompensation, Marlon J. Demeritt, Beata Lewandowska

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to discuss how the various placements of glaucoma drainage implants relate to corneal decompensation. Method: A 58-year Hispanic female presented for evaluation of decreased vision in the left eye for 2 years. This is a case report of a patient who underwent a secondary surgery to replace the anterior tube shunt implantation with a posterior shunt implantation following development of severe corneal decompensation. Results: Glaucoma tube shunt implants inserted into the ciliary sulcus of pseudophakic eyes shield the cornea offering protection against decompensation and avoid the risk of posterior …

Pattern Of Alteration In Foot Mechanics When Carrying Loads Unilaterally In Hand, Deepashini Harithasan, Baharudin Omar, Aatit Paungmali

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

PURPOSE: Carrying weight in one hand is a common functional activity. This study investigated the effects of incremental loads carried in one hand unilaterally and its influence on the foot mechanics [plantar pressure, maximum force and contact area]. METHOD: Twenty healthy individuals were tested, in standing and walking, while carrying different weights (no load, 5 kg, 7.5 kg and 10 kg) using their right hand. ANCOVA was conducted separately for the right and left leg to address the effect of incremental loads on the foot mechanics within each leg with navicular drop index and Q angle as covariates. Paired t …

Are We Insane? The Quest For Proportionality In The Discovery Rules Of The Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure, Paul W. Grimm

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Novel Approach To The Safe And Effective Mobilization Of A Super-Obese Patient: A Case Report, Jessica Anaf, Amy Wigmore, Kathy Stiller

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The incidence of obesity is rising worldwide, as is the presentation of these patients to the acute hospital setting. As a result of their complex nature, including medical co-morbidities, psychosocial issues, and healthcare resource limitations, management of these patients requires a coordinated and intensive multi-disciplinary approach. Although there are considerable data reporting the surgical management of obese patients, there is very limited literature regarding non-surgical interventions, including approaches to safe and effective mobilization. Methods: A case report is presented of a 55-year-old super-obese male transferred to a major tertiary referral healthcare centre for management of his overall medical condition …

Perceptions Of Tenure And Promotion Guidelines And Criteria Among Athletic Training Doctoral Students, Stephanie M. Mazerolle, Thomas Bowman, Joanne Klossner

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Evidence suggested that athletic training doctoral candidates are being socialized through a variety of formal and informal experiences to prepare them for roles in higher education. It is unclear, however, if they are aware of the expectations associated with tenure and/or promotion which are necessary for transition into higher education. Perceptions of tenure and promotion among doctoral students preparing to enter the athletic training professoriate were investigated. Methods: Twenty-four students (16=females, 8=males, average age=28±3 years) completed one-on-one telephone interviews. Data were analyzed using a general inductive approach, with a peer review and multiple analyst triangulation completed for rigor. …

Combining Online Education With International Service Learning To Increase Cultural Competence, Elaine Keane, Ingrid Provident

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

PURPOSE: Although international service learning has the capacity to promote a variety of important professional behaviors, merely visiting another country does not automatically result in these benefits. METHODS: This article describes an evidenced-based course which used pre-trip preparation in combination with a nine day service learning trip to Ecuador to develop cultural competence among 6 occupational and 6 physical therapy students. Pre-trip preparation included online and in-person components to increase self-awareness, awareness of other cultures, knowledge about Ecuadorian culture and skill-building. On-site activities included exploration of the physical and social context in addition to providing occupational and physical therapy treatment …

Reducing The Rate Of Late Stage Breast Cancer Through Effective Health Communication: An Opinion Piece, Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Health and illness are traditionally characterized and treated differently across various ethnic groups, which encourages American health systems serving these diverse populations to explore culturally competent and safe ways to effectively reduce illness within such populations. Certain ethnic groups of women in the United States (US) bear greater risk of late stage breast cancer because of various circumstances, which include but are not limited to a lack of insurance or underinsurance and discomfort with and/or resentment toward the US healthcare system. The dominant culture and the social aspects of the modern American health system often and most favorably serve …

Review Of Best Practice In Cardiac Rehabilitation For Women, Osaimi Alosaimi, Angelica N. Reyes Mscot, Cary A. Brown Phd

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease is defined as damage to, or narrowing of, arteries due to atherosclerosis and is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. Cardiovascular disease is recognized to be both a leading cause of mortality and an undertreated condition for women. The goals of this review manuscript are to present the current background literature specific to cardiac rehabilitation programs for women and serve as a knowledge translation strategy to help raise therapists’ awareness of the need for cardiac rehabilitation programs specifically designed for female patients. Methods: A review of best practice literature in cardiac rehabilitation for …

Fostering Legal Cynicism Through Immigration Detention, Emily Ryo

Faculty Scholarship

Every year, tens of thousands of noncitizens in removal proceedings are held and processed through an expanding web of immigration detention facilities across the United States. The use of immigration detention is expected to dramatically increase under the Trump administration’s mass deportation policy. I argue that this civil confinement system may serve a critical socio-legal function that has escaped the attention of policymakers, scholars, and the public alike. Using extensive original data on long-term immigrant detainees, I explore how immigration detention might function as a site of legal socialization that helps to promote or reinforce widespread legal cynicism among immigrant …

Harnessing The Power Of Cell Transplantation To Target Respiratory Dysfunction Following Spinal Cord Injury., Brittany A. Charsar, Mark W. Urban, Angelo C. Lepore

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

The therapeutic benefit of cell transplantation has been assessed in a host of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including disorders of the spinal cord such as traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). The promise of cell transplantation to preserve and/or restore normal function can be aimed at a variety of therapeutic mechanisms, including replacement of lost or damaged CNS cell types, promotion of axonal regeneration or sprouting, neuroprotection, immune response modulation, and delivery of gene products such as neurotrophic factors, amongst other possibilities. Despite significant work in the field of transplantation in models of SCI, limited attention has been directed at …

Creating A Data Resource: What Will It Take To Build A Medical Information Commons?, Patricia A. Deverka, Mary A. Majumder, Angela G. Villanueva, Margaret Anderson, Annette C. Bakker, Jessica Bardill, Eric Boerwinkle, Tania Bubela, Barbara J. Evans, Nanibaa’ A. Garrison, Richard A. Gibbs, Robert Gentleman, David Glazer, Melissa M. Goldstein, Hank Greely, Crane Harris, Bartha M. Knoppers, Barbara A. Koenig, Isaac S. Kohane, Salvatore La Rosa, John Mattison, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Arti K. Rai, Heidi L. Rehm, Laura L. Rodriguez, Robert Shelton, Tania Simoncelli, Sharon F. Terry, Michael S. Watson, John Wilbanks, Robert Cook-Deegan, Amy L. Mcguire

Faculty Scholarship

National and international public–private partnerships, consortia, and government initiatives are underway to collect and share genomic, personal, and healthcare data on a massive scale. Ideally, these efforts will contribute to the creation of a medical information commons (MIC), a comprehensive data resource that is widely available for both research and clinical uses. Stakeholder participation is essential in clarifying goals, deepening understanding of areas of complexity, and addressing long-standing policy concerns such as privacy and security and data ownership. This article describes eight core principles proposed by a diverse group of expert stakeholders to guide the formation of a successful, sustainable …

Overcoming The Legal And Regulatory Hurdles To Value-Based Payment Arrangements For Medical Products, Gregory W. Daniel, Thomas Barker, Arti K. Rai, Christian Springer, Marianne Hamilton Lopez, Jane Kalinina, Katie Greene, Jingyuan Qian, Mark B. Mcclellan

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The U.S. Culture Collection Network Responding To The Requirements Of The Nagoya Protocol On Access And Benefit Sharing, Kevin Mccluskey, Katharine B. Barker, Hazel A. Barton, Kyria Boundy-Mills, Daniel R. Brown, Jonathan A. Coddington, Kevin Cook, Philippe Desmeth, David Geiser, Jessie A. Glaeser, Stephanie Greene, Seogchan Kang, Michael W. Lomas, Ulrich Melcher, Scott E. Miller, David R. Nobles Jr., Kristina J. Owens, Jerome H. Reichman, Manuela Da Silva, John Wertz, Cale Whitworth, David Smith

Faculty Scholarship

The U.S. Culture Collection Network held a meeting to share information about how culture collections are responding to the requirements of the recently enacted Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The meeting included representatives of many culture collections and other biological collections, the U.S. Department of State, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Secretariat of the CBD, interested scientific societies, and collection groups, including Scientific Collections International and the Global Genome Biodiversity Network. The participants learned about the policies of the United …

The Limits Of “Limitations And Exceptions” In Copyright Law, Jerome H. Reichman

Faculty Scholarship

The “designated exceptions” approach in the European Union and elsewhere becomes obsolete when faced with the needs of digital science to scrutinize and analyze all relevant research results pertinent to any scientific inquiry. Even the fair use exception rooted in U.S. law, while more agile on a case by case approach, is challenged by the scientific communities’ need to reproduce and analyze all available material relevant to any given research project and by the ability of automated knowledge discovery tools to do just that. A more promising model for reform is the “some rights reserved” concept of private ordering that …

Effect Of The Cpap-Saver Intervention On Adherence Among Adults With Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea, April L. Shapiro

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 25 million adults in the United States. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the treatment of choice, but adherence is poor. Many previous CPAP adherence interventions were not theory based, tended to impose time and cost burden, and did not focus on OSA airway-brain mechanism education or OSA-CPAP performance feedback. A new, multidimensional intervention, known as CPAP-SAVER, was developed, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), knowledge of CPAP facilitators and barriers, characteristics of CPAP adherers and nonadherers, and behavior change techniques. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of …

Cardiac And Mitochondrial Dysfunction During Diabetes Mellitus: Examination Of Mitochondrial Import Mechanisms, Danielle Lee Shepherd

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Approximately 9% of the United States population is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), which is comprised of 2 distinct pathologies: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T1DM, which is caused by insufficient insulin production, affects approximately 5% of diabetic patients, while T2DM results from insulin resistance and affects 95% of all diabetic patients. Within diabetic patients, cardiac complications, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The mitochondrion has been implicated as an underlying factor in the etiology and progression of the cardiac contractile deficits and cardiac failure that accompany DM. …