Digital Commons Network^™

Barriers Confronting Parents Reunifying With Children In Foster Care, Amy D'Andrade

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Human-Centered Authentication Guidelines, Jeremiah Still, Ashley Cain, David Schuster

Faculty Publications

PurposeDespite the widespread use of authentication schemes and the rapid emergence of novel authentication schemes, a general set of domain-specific guidelines has not yet been developed. This paper aims to present and explain a list of human-centered guidelines for developing usable authentication schemes.Design/methodology/approachThe guidelines stem from research findings within the fields of psychology, human–computer interaction and information/computer science.FindingsInstead of viewing users as the inevitable weak point in the authentication process, this study proposes that authentication interfaces be designed to take advantage of users’ natural abilities. This approach requires that one understands how interactions with authentication interfaces can be improved and …

Situation Awareness, Sociotechnical Systems, And Automation In Emergency Medical Services: Theory And Measurement, David Schuster, Dan Nathan-Roberts

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Governmental Tort Liability For Disclosure Of Flood Hazard Information (Legal Fact Sheet Ctsg-17-04), Audrey Elzerman

Sea Grant Law Fellow Publications

Local governments and governmental entities, their employees, and members of their boards and commissions may be subjected to lawsuits in connection with municipal activities.This fact sheet reviews claims that may arise against them under tort law for negligence related to coastal management actions.

Wealth Inequality As Explained By Quantitative Easing And Law's Inertia, John J. Chung

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Environmental Factors Correlated With Culturable Enterococci Concentrations In Tropical Recreational Waters: A Case Study In Escambron Beach, San Juan, Puerto Rico, A. E. Laureano-Rosario, E. M. Symonds, Digna Rueda-Roa, Daniel B. Otis, Frank E. Muller-Karger

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Enterococci concentration variability at Escambron Beach, San Juan, Puerto Rico, was examined in the context of environmental conditions observed during 2005–2015. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST), turbidity, direct normal irradiance, and dew point were combined with local precipitation, winds, and mean sea level (MSL) observations in a stepwise multiple regression analyses (Akaike Information Criteria model selection). Precipitation, MSL, irradiance, SST, and turbidity explained 20% of the variation in observed enterococci concentrations based upon these analyses. Changes in these parameters preceded increases in enterococci concentrations by 24 h up to 11 days, particularly during positive anomalies of turbidity, SST, and 480–960 …

Evolving Academic Culture To Meet Societal Needs, Kateryna Wowk, Larry Mckinney, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Russell Moll, Susan Avery, Elva Escobar-Briones, David Yoskowitz, Richard Mclaughlin

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Given today's complex societal challenges, academia should work better with government, industry and others in offering innovative solutions that benefit our society, economy and environment. Researchers across disciplines must work together and with decision-makers to understand how science can have better on-The-ground impacts toward longer-Term, resilient societal outcomes. This includes, for example, by working with end-users in problem formation and throughout research projects to ensure decision-making needs are being met, and by linking physical science to additional fields like economics, risk communication or psychology. However, persistent barriers to collaborating across disciplines and with external decision-makers remain. Despite decades of studies …

Social Resilience In Cornish Fishing Communities, Huw Thomas

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

Rural Cornish coastal fishing communities express, and have expressed, varying degrees of ability to develop and retain social resilience capacity, or the ability to withstand ‘shock’ over both ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ onset events in social, political, economic and natural domain terms (Wilson, 2012a). Endogenous and exogenous influences may include natural changes in resources and resource dependency resulting in the loss or depletion of community livelihoods associated with a decline in fishing activities (Brookfield, 2005; Marshall, 2007a), issues of tourism driven change and notions of ‘community’. Four capitals are initially conceptually considered, those of natural, political, social and economic capitals driving …

North Atlantic Deep Water Formation Inhibits High Arctic Contamination By Continental Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Discharges, Xianming Zhang, Yanxu Zhang, Clifton Dassuncao, Rainer Lohmann, Elsie M. Sunderland

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is an aliphatic fluorinated compound with eight carbon atoms that is extremely persistent in the environment and can adversely affect human and ecological health. The stability, low reactivity, and high water solubility of PFOS combined with the North American phase-out in production around the year 2000, make it a potentially useful new tracer for ocean circulation. Here we characterize processes affecting the lifetime and accumulation of PFOS in the North Atlantic Ocean and transport to sensitive Arctic regions by developing a 3-D simulation within the MITgcm. The model captures variability in measurements across biogeographical provinces (R^{2 …}

Foundations In Wisconsin: A Directory [36th Ed. 2017], Marquette University - Funding Information Center, John Brick, Mary Frenn, Brittany Carloni, Jeremy Cluth, Kathryn Hendrickson, Sarah Holland, Davis Wetherell

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory

The 2017 edition of Foundations in Wisconsin is the 36th production of the print directory and the 17th year of the web-based database (www.wifoundations.org) The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation websites, and annual reports.

Copper And Zinc Speciation In The Tamar Estuary, Holly Beverley Clare Pearson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

The chemical speciation of trace metals controls their potential bioavailability and therefore toxicity to exposed organisms. Despite previous studies demonstrating the ameliorative effects of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on metal toxicity, the effectiveness of ligands from varying sources and of potentially variable composition in controlling speciation has not been studied in detail in estuarine waters. In addition, the effect of DOC on radionuclide contaminants in combination with trace metals has not been investigated in any waters. This is of particular interest in the estuarine environment, where both anthropogenic and natural ligands, and contaminants that pose a potential threat to ecosystem …

Despite Efforts, International Environmental Law Is Aspirational Rather Than Successful In Its Contribution To The Protection Of The Global Environment And In The Fight Against Climate Change, Lydia Scambler

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

The 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment2 (Stockholm Conference) was the first of many international negotiations to consider the effects of anthropogenic interference with the environment, including chemical pollution and climate change. The Conference and its corresponding declaration recognised customary International Environmental Law (IEL) principles, such as the precaution and prevention principles, and has no doubt been a catalyst for an increased awareness of environmental issues throughout the globe, thus influencing domestic environmental legal systems. The UN climate regime can therefore be seen not only as a source of international law, but as an influence on national and …

There Isn't A Town, Village Or Hamlet In Which Children Are Not Being Sexually Exploited', Safeguarding Our Children: How Effective Are Uk Responses To Child Sexual Exploitation?Â, Danielle Coffey

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

The purpose of this research project was to explore the effectiveness of UK responses to the crime of child sexual exploitation (CSE). In order to do this, I interviewed a number of professionals working on the frontline with varying degrees of experience from a range of perspectives. The data collected explored current responses to CSE, how effective these responses are, changes in how CSE manifests, multi-agency collaboration, as well as recommendations for improving responses. Recent high profile cases of CSE have moved exploitation to the peak of many agencies agendas; finally giving the thousands of children and young people the …

Don't Think, Just Drink!': An Ethnographic Study Into Why Young People Engage With Alcohol-Fuelled Leisure Markets Of The Night-Time Economy, Sam Barnes

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

Consumption and consumerism are now accepted as being fundamental contexts for the construction of youth lifestyle in post-modern society. This research is a critical exploration of why young people consume alcohol in a manner that can go beyond 'pleasure', to the painful realms of jouissance. This research draws on various disciplines utilising a deviant leisure perspective in order to explore the broader harms that lie beneath the surface of commodified leisure, which have become culturally acceptable and normalised in today's society. Through the use of ethnographic research, utilising observations and unstructured interviews, this project critically explores the significance of alcohol-fuelled …

To What Extent Are The Economic And Environmental Aspects Of Climate Change Regulation Actually Balanced?, Louise Dale

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This paper explores current international and EU legal instruments to combat climate change, assessing their efficiency from an environmental and economic perspective. It attempts to decipher whether an obvious imbalance is present in relation to the growth of the economy overshadowing regulations imposed to reduce rapid environmental degradation. In the penultimate section a potential future instrument is considered that may alleviate the climate crisis and conquer the economic and environmental divide. This paper will conclude that the incorporation of business, industry and governments in the implementation of future climate regulation is critical to their success in climate stabilisation through substantial …

Slavery, Dark Tourism And Deviant Leisure At The American Society Of Criminology In New Orleans, Thomas Raymen

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

No abstract provided.

Consent, Knowledge And Precaution: A Critical Analysis Of The Criminalisation Of The Reckless Transmission Of Hiv And Other Serious Diseases, James Stone

The Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review

This article examines the criminalisation of the reckless transmission of disease in England and Wales. The defence of consent to bodily harm and the principle of informed consent are crucial to the foundations of this discussion. This defence gives an HIV infected party freedom to behave recklessly and rely on the knowledge of the victim as a defence for their reckless behaviour. The criminal recklessness of an HIV infected party has also been argued to be negated by the careful use of precautionary measures during sexual activity. This means that an infected party can engage in sexual activity in the …

Clinical Consultations And Investigations Before And After Discontinuation Of Endocrine Therapy In Women With Primary Breast Cancer, Derrick Lopez, Anna Kemp-Casey, Christobel Saunders, Elizabeth Roughead, Frances Boyle, Max Bulsara, David Preen

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: Although clinical trials recommend that women with hormone-dependent primary breast cancer remain on endocrine therapy for at least 5 years, up to 60% discontinue treatment early. We determined whether these women had consulted with clinicians or had investigations for cancer recurrence or metastasis around the time they discontinued endocrine therapy, and whether clinical contact continued after discontinuation.

Methods: We performed case-control and cohort studies of women from the 45 and Up Study who were diagnosed with invasive primary breast cancer between January 2003 and December 2008, and who had ≥12 months of anastrozole, exemestane, letrozole or tamoxifen subsequently dispensed. …

Health Economics Of Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy (Targit-Iort) For Early Breast Cancer: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis In The United Kingdom, Anil Vaidya, Param Vaidya, Brigitte Both, Chris Brew-Graves, Max Bulsara, Jayant S. Vaidya

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective: The clinical effectiveness of targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) has been confirmed in the randomised TARGIT-A (targeted intraoperative radiotherapy-alone) trial to be similar to a several weeks’ course of whole-breast external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in patients with early breast cancer. This study aims to determine the cost effectiveness of TARGIT-IORT to inform policy decisions about its wider implementation. Setting TARGIT-A randomised clinical trial (ISRCTN34086741) which compared TARGIT with traditional EBRT and found similar breast cancer control, particularly when TARGIT was given simultaneously with lumpectomy.

Methods: Cost-utility analysis using decision analytic modelling by a Markov model. A cost-effectiveness Markov model was …

The Most Important "Factor" In Producing Clubhead Speed In Golf, C Joyce

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Substantial experiential research into x-factor, and to a lesser extent crunch-factor has been undertaken with the aim of increasing clubhead speed. However, a direct comparison of the golf swing kinematics associated with each ‘factor’ has not, and possible differences when using a driver compared to an iron. Fifteen low handicap male golfers who displayed a modern swing had their golf swing kinematic data measured when hitting their own driver and five-iron, using a 10-camera motion analysis system operating at 250 Hz. Clubhead speed was collected using a validated launch monitor. No between-club differences in x-factor and crunch-factor existed. Correlation analyses …

Neuromuscular Training Improves Lower Extremity Biomechanics Associated With Knee Injury During Landing In 11-13 Year Old Female Netball Athletes, A Hopper, E Haff, C Joyce, R Lloyd, G Haff

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) program on lower-extremity biomechanics in youth female netball athletes. The hypothesis was that significant improvements would be found in landing biomechanics of the lower-extremities, commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, following NMT. Twenty-three athletes (age = 12.2 ± 0.9 years; height = 1.63 ± 0.08m; mass = 51.8 ± 8.5 kg) completed two testing sessions separated by 7-weeks and were randomly assigned to either a experimental or control group. Thirteen athletes underwent 6-weeks of NMT, while the remaining 10 served as controls and …

Tumour-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cell Density Before Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy For Rectal Cancer Does Not Predict Treatment Response, Melanie J. Mccoy, Chris Hemmings, Chidozie C. Anyaegbu, Stephanie J. Austin, Tracey F. Lee-Pullen, Timothy J. Miller, Max K. Bulsara, Nikolajs Zeps, Anna K. Nowak, Richard A. Lake, Cameron F. Platell

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Neoadjuvant (preoperative) chemoradiotherapy (CRT) decreases the risk of rectal cancer recurrence and reduces tumour volume prior to surgery. However, response to CRT varies considerably between individuals and factors associated with response are poorly understood. Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) inhibit anti-tumour immunity and may limit any response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We have previously reported that a low density of Tregs in the tumour stroma following neoadjuvant CRT for rectal cancer is associated with improved tumour regression. Here we have examined the association between Treg density in pre-treatment diagnostic biopsy specimens and treatment response, in this same patient cohort. We …

The Presumptions Of Classical Liberal Constitutionalism, Matthew J. Lindsay

All Faculty Scholarship

Richard A. Epstein’s The Classical Liberal Constitution is an imposing addition to the burgeoning body of legal scholarship that seeks to “restore” a robust conception of economic liberty and limited government to its rightful place at the center of American constitutionalism. Legislators and judges operating within a “classical liberal conception of government,” Epstein explains, would approach skeptically “[a]ll [regulatory] proposals that deviate from the basic common law protections of life, liberty, and property.” Classical liberal constitutional courts would thus renounce the toothless rational basis review of the post-New Deal “progressive mindset,” and instead subject to exacting scrutiny the government’s “purported …

The Diversity Rationale For Affirmative Action In Military Contracting, Hugh Barrett Mcclean

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Unconventional Refugees, Elizabeth Keyes

All Faculty Scholarship

Refugees are a flash point for political divisions in the United States and abroad. The enormous personal, moral, and legal challenges posed by the displacement of refugees around the world reveal the dire inadequacies of our current policies toward refugee protection. Children running to border agents at the U.S. southern border are treated as a security threat to be deterred, instead of a vulnerable population needing some level of protection. The numbers of people seeking safety in the United States, while not objectively high, places further strain on an already under-resourced and heavily burdened immigration system, which at the end …

A Safety Management Model For Far 141 Approved Flight Schools, Flavio A. C. Mendonca, Thomas Q. Carney

Publications

The Safety Management Annex (Annex 19), which became applicable in November 2013, consolidates safety management provisions previously contained in six other International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annexes, and will serve as a resource for overarching state safety management responsibilities. Through Annex 19, ICAO has required that its member states develop and implement safety management systems (SMS) to improve safety. This mandate includes an approved training organization that is exposed to aviation safety risks. In 2015, the FAA published AC 120-92B to provide guidance material for certificate holders operating under FAR 121, to implement and maintain an SMS. This AC may …

Obtaining Phytoplankton Diversity From Ocean Color: A Scientific Roadmap For Future Development, Astrid Bracher, Heather A. Bouman, Robert J.W. Brewin, Annick Bricaud, Vanda Brotas, Aurea M. Ciotti, Lesley Clementson, Emmanuel Devred, Annalisa Di Cicco, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Nick J. Hardman-Mountford, Anna E. Hickman, Martin Hieronymi, Takafumi Hirata, Svetlana N. Losa, Colleen B. Mouw, Emanuele Organelli, Dionysios E. Raitsos, Julia Uitz, Meike Vogt, Aleksandra Wolanin

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

To improve our understanding of the role of phytoplankton for marine ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles, information on the global distribution of major phytoplankton groups is essential. Although algorithms have been developed to assess phytoplankton diversity from space for over two decades, so far the application of these data sets has been limited. This scientific roadmap identifies user needs, summarizes the current state of the art, and pinpoints major gaps in long-term objectives to deliver space-derived phytoplankton diversity data that meets the user requirements. These major gaps in using ocean color to estimate phytoplankton community structure were identified as: (a) …

The Effect Of A Weight Gain Prevention Intervention On Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity Among Black Women: The Shape Program, Mary L. Greaney, Sandy Askew, Sherrie F. Wallington, Perry B. Foley, Lisa M. Quintiliani, Gary G. Bennett

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background: Rates of physical inactivity are high among Black women living in the United States with overweight or obesity, especially those living in the rural South. This study was conducted to determine if an efficacious weight gain prevention intervention increased moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

Methods: The Shape Program, a weight gain prevention intervention implemented in community health centers in rural North Carolina, was designed for socioeconomically disadvantaged Black women with overweight or obesity. MVPA was measured using accelerometers, and summarized into 1- and 10-min bouts. We employed analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) to assess the relationship between changes in …

A Review Of Early Influences On Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviors Of Preschool‐Age Children In High‐Income Countries, Ana Cristina Lindsay, Mary L. Greaney, Sherrie F. Wallington, Tatiana Mesa, Carlos F. Salas

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Purpose: Promoting physical activity (PA) is a key component of preventing and controlling childhood obesity. Despite well‐documented benefits of PA, globally, rates of PA among young children have declined over the past decades, and most children are not accruing sufficient PA daily. Helping children develop the foundation for PA habits early in life is critical for the promotion of health in childhood and prevention of chronic diseases later in life, and will ultimately promote longer and healthier lives for individuals and the general population. The purpose of this review is to provide a synthesis of current evidence on influences …

A Qualitative Study Conducted In The Usa Exploring Latino Fathers’ Beliefs, Attitudes And Practices Related To Their Young Children’S Eating, Physical Activity And Sedentary Behaviours, Ana Cristina Lindsay, Sherrie F. Wallington, Mario A. Muñoz, Mary L. Greaney

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Objective: Increasing evidence documents fathers’ influential role in their children’s eating, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB). We aimed to expand limited existing research examining fathers’ influence in these areas by exploring Latino fathers’ beliefs, attitudes and practices related to eating, PA and SB of their young children.

Designs: Seven focus group discussions were conducted in Spanish with Latino fathers (n 28) of children aged 2–8 years. Audio recordings were transcribed and translated verbatim without identifiers. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify key concepts and themes using NVivo 11 software. Results: Fathers expressed positive …