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Horticultural Activity Predicts Later Localized Limb Status In A Contemporary Pre-Industrial Population, Jonathan Stieglitz, Benjamin C. Trumble, Hillard Kaplan, Michael Gurven

ESI Publications

Objectives—Modern humans may have gracile skeletons due to low physical activity levels and mechanical loading. Tests using prehistoric skeletons are limited by the inability to assess behaviour directly, while modern industrialized societies possess few socio-ecological features typical of human evolutionary history. Among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists, we test whether greater activity levels and, thus, increased loading earlier in life are associated with greater later-life bone status and diminished age-related bone loss.

Materials and Methods—We used quantitative ultrasonography to assess radial and tibial status among adults aged 20+ years (mean±SD age=49±15; 52% female). We conducted systematic behavioural observations to assess earlier-life …

(Age)Ncy In Composition Studies, Alaina Tackitt

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The number of adult learners entering or returning to institutions of higher education is increasing in general and in relation to the traditional student population, and projections suggest that the trend will continue. As automation and technology impact the labor force, educational access is becoming a national concern and a necessity for more adult learners. Access to higher education impacts minority and economically depressed populations disproportionally and increases the personal and professional success of adult students and the long-term prosperity of their families. Although Composition Studies has a history of recognizing and facilitating student populations as they enter the Academy, …

The New Hampshire, Vol. 106 [107], No. 38 (Mar. 23, 2017), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 106, but it is the 107th volume in the series.

Investigating The Psychological Effects Associated With Motor Neuron Degeneration In Persons Diagnosed With Als, Eloise Colwell Forrest

University Honors Theses

Investigation of the psychological effects of a terminal condition, wherein current care plans are primarily focused on physical rehabilitation and pain management, is crucial. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis enacts irreversible damage to the body of those diagnosed, resulting in neurodegenerative processes that cause paralysis and eventually respiratory failure. There is no known cure or cause, which eliminates many traditional treatment avenues. Though the disease wreaks havoc on the muscular systems of the body there are no direct effects that degrade mental processing, leaving the individual experiencing the condition an aware witness to their own functional loss. Creating a multidisciplinary approach inclusion …

Assessing Women Caregiving Role To People Living With Hiv/Aids In Nigeria, West Africa, Ekaete Asuquo, Josephine B. Etowa, Margaret I. Akpan

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

HIV/AIDS scourge remains high in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa such as Nigeria, which is home to about 3.3 million HIV positive individuals and represents the second largest burden of HIV/AIDS care, treatment and demand worldwide after South Africa. Anti-retroviral treatment options though a welcome development, has increased the number of people living with this chronic illness, and most of them depend on family members for physical and emotional support. Traditional gender norms in Nigeria ensure that legitimately, women and girls are the first options for caregiving roles. This mandatory role has in turn imposed psychosocial disruption in the lives …

The Statesman, V. 60, I. 22, Stony Brook University

Stony Brook Statesman-Sucolian

v. 60;i. 22

Can Education And The Reinforcement Of A Bladder Program Improve Rehabilitation Patient Outcomes?., Neha Kohli

USF-LVHN SELECT

No abstract provided.

Development And Validation Of Measures To Evaluate Adolescents' Knowledge About Human Papillomavirus (Hpv), Involvement In Hpv Vaccine Decision-Making, Self-Efficacy To Receive The Vaccine And Fear And Anxiety, A. S. Forster, K. A. Mcbride, C. Davies, T. Stoney, H. Marshall, K. Mcgeechan, Spring C. Cooper, S. R. Skinner

Publications and Research

Objectives: We describe the development and validation of measures of human papillomavirus (HPV)/HPV vaccination knowledge, fear/anxiety about vaccination, involvement in HPV vaccine decision-making, and self-efficacy with regard to getting the vaccine, designed to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to affect these domains (collectively termed the HAVIQ: HPV Adolescent Vaccine Intervention Questionnaire). Study design: Literature search, cognitive interviews and cross-sectional survey.

Methods: A literature search identified existing items that were modified for the present measures. Experts reviewed draft measures for face and content validity. Cognitive interviews with adolescents were also used to assess content validity. Adolescents completed the measures and …

Grandparenting In Selected West African Countries: Implications For Health And Hygiene Behaviours In The Household, Joshua Oyeniyi Aransiola Dr, Akanni Ibukun Akinyemi Dr, Ambrose Akinlo Dr, Funmi Togonu-Bickesteeth Prof.

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

This is a descriptive study of the health and hygiene behaviors of grandparents who are the primary caregivers of their grandchildren in four West African countries, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. The article utilizes data from each country’s most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). The study identified 20,841 households where grandparents were primary caregivers. As expected, most of these households are in Nigeria given their population exceeds the collective population of the other three West African countries. However, the number of grandfamilies in Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia is still worrisome for their population size. In each country, …

Grandparents As Foster Parents: Psychological Distress, Commitment, And Sensitivity To Their Grandchildren, Karine Poitras, George M. Tarabulsy, Emmanuelle Valliamée, Sylvie Lapierre, Marc Provost

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

Grandparents are increasingly solicited to become foster parents. This study aims to describe the psychological distress, parental sensitivity, and parental commitment of a group of Quebec foster grandparents. Forty-eight foster parents were assessed in this study, including 12 grandparents. Psychological distress was assessed using the Symptom Checklist–90–R (SCL–90–R®; Derogatis & Lazarus 1994), parental sensitivity using the short version of the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort (Tarabulsy et al., 2009; Pederson & Moran, 1995) and commitment using a semi-structured interview (This is My Baby; TIMB: Bates & Dozier, 1998). Results indicate no difference between foster parents and grandparents as a function of parental …

Grandparents Of The Community: Lakota Elders’ View Of Intergenerational Care, Mary Kate Dennis, Nancy J. Kepple, Joseph Brewer Ii

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

This exploratory, qualitative study provides insight into the traditional concept of tiospaye (extended family and kinship to these relations) by Oglala Lakota elders in the modern context of the Pine Ridge Indian reservation in South Dakota. The authors reframe the modern implementation of these traditional practices of kinship as community grandparenting, in which the elders extend the role and responsibilities of grandparenting behaviors to all youths in the community. This study employed Indigenous methodologies, which allowed the 25 elders to share their stories in a culturally tailored, relational manner. The study uses thematic analysis to identify three themes associated …

Parenting A Second Time Around: The Strengths And Challenges Of Indigenous Grandparent Caregivers, Jessica Y. Hsieh, Kristen J. Mercer, Sarah A. Costa

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

Background: There is a lack of knowledge and research of Indigenous grandparents rearing grandchildren. A burgeoning area of research, the literature only includes studies conducted from the year 2002 and onwards. In order to minimize the burdens that Indigenous grandparents encounter when assuming this role, a greater understanding of this population is crucial. This scoping review was undertaken in an attempt to gain insight into and generate awareness of this population, specifically concerning their needs and experiences. Methods: Sixteen databases were searched, including two medical databases and fourteen social science databases. A total of 92 titles and abstracts were independently …

Guardianship Planning Among Grandparents Raising Grandchildren Orphaned By Hiv/Aids In Northern Vietnam, Lesley M. Harris, Jordan Wilfong, Nguyen D. Thang, Bum Jung Kim

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

Increasingly, grandparents are raising grandchildren because of the absence of the parental generation due to HIV/AIDS in Vietnam. However, few studies have explored the strategies and plans of grandparents for the future care of their grandchildren in case they can no longer provide care. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 21 grandparent caregivers and seven key informants in both urban and rural communities in Hanoi and Hai Phong, Vietnam. Five grandparents were selected from the sample to complete participant observations. ATLAS.ti was used as a qualitative data analysis tool. Transcriptions from interviews and field notes …

Complete Issue 4 (1): Global Phenomenon Of Grandfamilies

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

Complete Issue 4 (1): Global Phenomenon of GrandFamilies

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status And Health: A Longitudinal Analysis, Jennifer W. Robinette, Susan T. Charles, Tara L. Gruenewald

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Higher income neighborhoods are associated with better health, a relation observed in many cross-sectional studies. However, prior research focused on the prevalence of health conditions, and examining the incidence of new health conditions may provide stronger support for a potential causal role of neighborhoods on health. We used the 2004 and 2014 waves of the Midlife in the United States Study (n = 1726; ages 34–83) to examine health condition incidence as a function of neighborhood income. Among participants who had lived in the same neighborhood across the time period, we hypothesized that higher neighborhood income would be associated with …

The Mediating Role Of Staffing On Quality Of Care In Nonprofit And For-Profit Nursing Homes In Indiana, Irene Gichungeh, Ae-Sook Kim

Journal of the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences

This study attempts to disentangle the relationships between ownership, staffing, and nursing home quality using Indiana nursing home data. Typical Indiana nursing homes are known to be below average on health inspection and overall quality ratings. This is alarming because Indiana’s population aged 85 years or older is increasing and these individuals are likely to need long-term care services. With an ultimate goal of addressing the poor quality of long-term care institutions, this study analyzed the Nursing Home Compare data collected from 2010 to 2012 by utilizing chi- square tests, one-way ANOVAs, and correlation analysis. The results revealed that nonprofit …

Resilient Communities: Understanding Networks For Post-Disaster Recovery, Seungyoon Lee, Daniel P. Aldrich, Rosalee Clawson, Daniel R. Kelly, Megan Sapp Nelson, Arif Mohaimin Sadr, Justin E. Seipel, Satish Ukkusuri

PPRI Digital Library

Community response and recovery from a disaster can vary widely based on community characteristics. Many disasters leave little time for preparation prior to arrival and can cause widespread death and destruction. Regardless of the impact of the disaster, response and recovery rates vary based upon several factors including resource availability, social and physical infrastructure, and policies in each community.

“It’S Not A Life Or Death Thing”: A Grounded Theory Study Of Smoking Decisions Among Chinese Americans, Yu Lu

The Qualitative Report

Smoking results in a high mortality rate for Chinese Americans. Little is known, however, about the decisions members of this group make that lead to these unhealthy behaviors. Examining smoking decisions could help us understand these choices as well as develop effective prevention strategies. This grounded theory study was conducted to understand Chinese Americans’ smoking decisions. Fifty-four individual interviews and three focus groups were conducted with Chinese Americans of different smoking statuses. The findings describe five smoking decisions including the trajectory of these behaviors. Optimistic bias is identified as one of the main reasons that regular smokers decide not to …

Reducing Caregiver Burden: Fostering Healthy Aging And Social Support, Maria A. Rodriguez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over 43.5 million Americans provide informal care to a fast-growing elderly population in the United States. Informal care allows care-recipients to remain functional members of society. However, research suggests that the demands of informal care can negatively impact the health of caregivers. For example, caregiver burden increases the risk for poor health in caregivers compared to non-caregivers. Caregiving research is on the rise, but the dynamics of informal care in active retirement communities remains widely unexplored. To provide adequate services to lessen caregiver burden and improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of informal caregivers, the various settings in which informal …

Modifications And Medications To Improve Alzheimer’S Disease From Type 2 Diabetes, Ashley N. Robinson

Biomedical Sciences Undergraduate Research

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) are chronic conditions increasing in prevalence that impact the daily lives of those afflicted with them. AD and T2D are linked through the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Thus, there are intersections that can allow the management of T2D to improve the treatment and prevention of AD. Modifiable risk factors, such as diet and physical activity level, play important roles in the health of T2D patients as well as in preventing AD. Medications traditionally used in the treatment of T2D, such as metformin, pioglitazone, and insulin, are being examined for use in the …

Brief Of Amici Curiae Labor Economists And Social Scientists In Support Of The Petition For Writ Of Certiorari, Fred T. Korematsu Center For Law And Equality, Charlotte Garden

Fred T. Korematsu Center for Law and Equality

Richard M. Villarreal v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., et al.

Internet Safety And The Silver Surfer: The Relationship Between Gist Reasoning And Adults' Risky Online Behavior, Cm White, M Gummerum, S Wood, Y Hanoch

School of Psychology

Currently, fewer older adults are online compared with younger generations. However, with many new initiatives aiming to significantly increase the number of older internet users, they will increasingly be exposed to potential victimisation from internet fraud, a fundamental issue affecting all adult internet users. Despite this, little research has examined online risk-taking across the adult lifespan or adults' reasoning about risky online behaviors. Using fuzzy trace theory, we investigated adults' online risk-taking behavior and intentions, and whether these behaviors were related to different ways of reasoning about risk, namely, gist reasoning (using qualitative, intuitive knowledge) and verbatim reasoning (using quantitative, …

Cognitive Impairment And Music Therapy, Sanjib Dey, Anne Lee

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Cognitive impairment has been found to be a key variable in the overall impact on physical and mental health in the elderly. Cognitive impairment has also been found to have a significant impact on mobility, depression and social isolation. This study will examine if patient engagement in music therapy (MT) has a greater effect on increased cognitive function; specifically improvement in short term memory than engagement in physical activity alone in residents residing in nursing homes. Music has been found to enhance autobiographic memories, emotion(s), cognitive stimulation and learning, physical improvement as well as increasing social interaction. Physical activity has …

Bjc Today

BJC Today

No abstract provided.

The Long Shadow Of Senescence: Age Impacts Survival And Territory Defense In Loons, Walter H. Piper, Kristin M. Brunk, Joel A. Flory, Michael W. Meyer

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Senescence, increased mortality that occurs among animals of advanced age, impacts behavior and ecology in many avian species. We investigated actuarial, reproductive, and behavioral senescence using capture, marking, and resighting data from a 26-year study of common loons (Gavia immer). Territorial residents of both sexes exhibited high annual survival (0.94) until their mid 20s, at which point survival fell to 0.76 and 0.77 in males and females, respectively. Sexual symmetry in actuarial senescence is somewhat surprising in this species, because males make a substantially greater investment in territory defense and chick-rearing and because males engage in lethal contests for territory …

Dual Tasking In A Virtual Reality Environment: Does Auditory Selective Attention Impact Gait?, Angeline L. Roth

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Falling is a common problem with increasing age; each year approximately 2.5 million older adults are treated in emergency departments due to falls. During walking, slower step time and a double stance position allow individuals to feel more balanced while performing more than one task, hopefully decreasing fall risk. These changes in gait may result from increased selective attention required from a cognitive task, thus increasing dual task demands. This project aimed to investigate dual task costs of an auditory selective attention task. Eleven healthy older adults (746 years) completed a series of different cognitive tasks such as dichotic listening …

Creating A Standard In At-Home Pulmonary Exercise Maintenance Programs, Casey Caniglia

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Between 12-24 million people in the United States suffer chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is linked to reduced physical activity and may be due to effects of the disease on the musculoskeletal system. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) clinics offer patients the chance for a better quality of life through exercise programs. However, PR typically lasts 36 sessions and is covered by Medicare. However, any maintenance past the 36 visits requires that costs to be covered by the patient. Cost and access to infrastructure are major barriers to continued supervised maintenance. Lack of confidence and motivation are barriers to at-home fitness …

Effects Of Gender On Empathy And Prosocial Behavior, Abi M. Heller

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Empathy plays an important role in our aging society, especially when it comes to emotional well-being and relationships with others. There is some evidence that as adults age, they show a decrease in the cognitive domain of empathy (the ability to understand others’ thoughts and feelings) and an increase in the emotional domain of empathy (feelings of compassion and sympathy towards others). Previous studies have also revealed that women self-report higher emotional and cognitive empathy than men. Based on Daniel Batson’s empathy altruism hypothesis, more empathetic individuals are also more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors towards others. However, the …

An Intergenerational Community Computer Tutoring Program: Keeping Seniors Connected, Lokmattie Channan

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Since there has been an upsurge in computer and internet use, people have become more dependent on technology as a primary way of communication and staying connected with their communities (Saunders, 2007). Regrettably the aging population has not been able to keep up with this change (Saunders, 2007). Along with declining health and cognitive function, social isolation is an enormous challenge in the aging process (Shapira, Barak, & Gal, 2007). Social isolation or withdrawal can lead to a feeling of “powerlessness”, which in turn is associated with an overall lack of well-being among the aging population (Shapira, Barak, & Gal, …

Animal Assisted Therapy And Reducing Depression In Chronic Hemodialysis Patients, Dawn Delucia

Discovery Day (formerly Post & Beyond)

Chronic dialysis patients are dependent on a hemodialysis machine to cleanse their blood of waste that is normally excreted by healthy functioning kidneys. The average number of hemodialysis treatments required per week are three with an average treatment time being three to four hours per treatment. Discontinuation of hemodialysis will result in death. The only way to eliminate the need for hemodialysis is a kidney transplant (National Kidney Foundation, 2008, 2013). Hemodialysis is not without its inherent risks. Side effects can include but are not limited to: hypotension, cardiovascular complications, cramping from fluid removal, and bleeding (Aguera, Martin-Malo, Alvarez-Lara, Garcia-Montemayor, …