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2016

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If Hindsight Is 20/20, Our Justice System Should Not Be Blind To New Evidence Of Innocence: A Survey Of Post-Conviction New Evidence Statutes And A Proposed Model, Paige Kaneb Dec 2016

If Hindsight Is 20/20, Our Justice System Should Not Be Blind To New Evidence Of Innocence: A Survey Of Post-Conviction New Evidence Statutes And A Proposed Model, Paige Kaneb

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Filled Steel Tubes In Soil, Diego A. Aguirre-Realpe, Mervyn J. Kowalsky, James M. Nau, Mohammed Gabr Dec 2016

Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Filled Steel Tubes In Soil, Diego A. Aguirre-Realpe, Mervyn J. Kowalsky, James M. Nau, Mohammed Gabr

AIDC Project Reports

Reinforced concrete filled steel tube pile-columns are structural elements commonly used in bridge supports in high seismic regions because RCFSTs provide increased levels of strength, ductility, and energy dissipation as compared with traditional systems such as reinforced concrete (RC) or steel substructures. This study includes experimental and analytical studies that considered three main parameters: the diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratio, the above-ground length (La), and the soil stiffness.

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A Framework For Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Of Road Salt Used In Winter Maintenance Operations, Na Cui, Ning Xie, Xianming Shi Dec 2016

A Framework For Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Of Road Salt Used In Winter Maintenance Operations, Na Cui, Ning Xie, Xianming Shi

CESTiCC Project Reports

It is important to assess from a holistic perspective the sustainability of road salt widely used in winter road maintenance (WRM) operations. The importance becomes increasingly apparent in light of competing priorities faced by roadway agencies, the need for collaborative decision-making, and growing concerns over the risks that road salt poses for motor vehicles, transportation infrastructure, and the natural environment. This project introduces the concept of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), which combines Life Cycle Costing, Environmental Life Cycle Assessment, and Social Life Cycle Assessment. The combination captures the features of three pillars in sustainability: economic development, environmental preservation, and …

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Linay'sdulkaas De': Let's Start Sewing, Sondra Shaginoff-Stuart, Kaggos Ts'akae Dec 2016

Linay'sdulkaas De': Let's Start Sewing, Sondra Shaginoff-Stuart, Kaggos Ts'akae

Linguistics

This paper proposes Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) as a teaching method for Ahtna language learners. TBLT focuses on engaging learners in meaningful activities or tasks which they accomplish through using the target language, learning Ahtna in the process. TBLT incorporates deeper understandings and meaning by teaching students the language in a cultural context. For this paper, the focus activity will be making a beaded necklace. Beading has been an important activity for me, from the time of learning about my culture and people from my Aunt Katie Wade. The website accompanying the project and be found at: http://www.ourlanguagecameback.com/.

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Moose Abundance Estimation Using Finite Population Block Kriging On Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, Graham G. Frye Dec 2016

Moose Abundance Estimation Using Finite Population Block Kriging On Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, Graham G. Frye

Mathematics and Statistics

Monitoring the size and demographic characteristics of animal populations is fundamental to the fields of wildlife ecology and wildlife management. A diverse suite of population monitoring methods have been developed and employed during the past century, but challenges in obtaining rigorous population estimates remain. I used simulation to address survey design issues for monitoring a moose population at Togiak National Wildlife Refuge in southwestern Alaska using finite population block kriging. In the first chapter, I compared the bias in the Geospatial Population Estimator (GSPE; which uses finite population block kriging to estimate animal abundance) between two survey unit configurations. After …

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Current State Of Alaska's Glaciers And Evolution Of Black Rapids Glacier Constrained By Observations And Modeling, Christian Kienholz Dec 2016

Current State Of Alaska's Glaciers And Evolution Of Black Rapids Glacier Constrained By Observations And Modeling, Christian Kienholz

Geosciences

Glaciological studies rely on a wide range of input data, the most basic of which, accurate glacier extents, were not available on an Alaska wide scale prior to this work. We thus compiled a glacier database for Alaska and neighboring Canada using multi-sensor satellite data from 2000 to 2011. The inventory yielded a glacierized area of 86,720 km², which corresponds to ~12% of the global glacierized area outside the ice sheets. For each of the ~27,100 glaciers, we derived outlines and 51 variables, including centerline lengths, outline types, and debris cover, which provide key input for observational and modeling studies …

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Estimation Of Full Moment Tensors, Including Uncertainties, For Earthquakes, Volcanic Events, And Nuclear Explosions, Celso R. Alvizuri Dec 2016

Estimation Of Full Moment Tensors, Including Uncertainties, For Earthquakes, Volcanic Events, And Nuclear Explosions, Celso R. Alvizuri

Geosciences

We present a catalog of full seismic moment tensors for 63 events from Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia. The events were recorded during 2011-2012 in the PLUTONS seismic array of 24 broadband stations. Most events had magnitudes between 0.5 and 2.0 and did not generate discernible surface waves; the largest event was Mw 2.8. For each event we computed the misfit between observed and synthetic waveforms, and we used first-motion polarity measurements to reduce the number of possible solutions. Each moment tensor solution was obtained using a grid search over the six-dimensional space of moment tensors. For each event we show …

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Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Various Nanoparticles On Water-Based Mud, Paritosh Dhiman Dec 2016

Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Various Nanoparticles On Water-Based Mud, Paritosh Dhiman

Engineering

In the oil and gas industry, drilling fluids play an important role in the success of drilling operations. Hence, it is vital to predict accurately and maintain drilling fluid properties. Drilling fluids have multitude of functions, including but not limited to balancing the formation pressure, transporting cuttings, lubricating the bit, minimizing formation damage and maintaining well stability. Efficient completion of any drilling operation is governed by the selection of the proper drilling fluid. Growing hydrocarbon demand is driving the industry to explore unconventional resources such as shale formations and deep water and ultra-deep water areas where high temperature high pressure …

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Evaluation Of Crack Sealing Techniques In Alaska's Asphalt Concrete Pavements, Anthony P. Mullin Dec 2016

Evaluation Of Crack Sealing Techniques In Alaska's Asphalt Concrete Pavements, Anthony P. Mullin

Engineering

Thermal cracking is one of the most prevalent asphalt concrete (AC) pavement distresses in northern states and countries. Every year in Alaska, a substantial amount of funding is spent on sealing cracks according to the practices of the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) Maintenance and Operations (M&O) division. However, to date there are no specific guidelines available that clearly outline the best timing for crack sealing or even what conditions necessitate crack sealing in a consistent manner. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness and best practices for using the crack sealing techniques on AC pavements …

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An Examination Of The Keyboard Technique Of Bach, Haydn, Chopin, Scriabin And Prokofiev, Jonathan K. Hays Dec 2016

An Examination Of The Keyboard Technique Of Bach, Haydn, Chopin, Scriabin And Prokofiev, Jonathan K. Hays

Music

In this research paper, I will explore the keyboard technique of each composer presented in my recital: J.S. Bach, Franz Joseph Haydn, Frederic Chopin, Alexander Scriabin and Sergei Prokofiev. I hope to elucidate the physical approach used by each composer, and show in turn how that same approach influenced the music of each composer by analyzing the pieces performed in my recital. To understand the distinct technique of the composers, it is important to know some context. The instrument each composer wrote for necessarily influenced their technique and resulting composition. However, the instrument cannot explain every facet of technique, and …

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The Application Of Local And Traditional Knowledge For Disaster Mitigation In Flood-Prone Areas Of Rural Thailand, Lacey L. Shoemaker Dec 2016

The Application Of Local And Traditional Knowledge For Disaster Mitigation In Flood-Prone Areas Of Rural Thailand, Lacey L. Shoemaker

Rural Development

This project focuses around the development of a workshop on disaster preparedness and response for a village in rural Thailand. The workshop goals were concentrated around the investigation of solutions to alleviate or lessen the vulnerability of the village toward reoccurring flood events. The objectives were completed through inclusion of stakeholders and outside experts and focused on bringing a conversation to community leaders in regard to their implementation of pre- and post-disaster strategies. The primary audience for this research project is those working within rural communities that are prone to annual or frequent natural disasters. The tools and knowledge gained …

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Colonization Experiences Of Alaskan IñUpiat And Model For Decolonization, Ukallaysaaq Thomas Okleasik Dec 2016

Colonization Experiences Of Alaskan IñUpiat And Model For Decolonization, Ukallaysaaq Thomas Okleasik

Rural Development

This project explores a potential method for examining American, Alaskan and Iñupiaq colonization with a process for decolonization to help restore authentic community self governance that addresses modern socioeconomic challenges and opportunities on terms that will best work in indigenous villages sustainably and effectively. The focus is on Iñupiaq peoples; however, it can be adapted for use by other indigenous peoples. The six-step decolonization process begins with building awareness and understanding the many layers of colonization - both from the colonizer’s perspective and perspective of those subjected to colonization. The decolonization process continues by encompassing healing, revitalization, vision, strategy and …

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Forecasting Stock-Specific Upriver Migration Timing Of Chinook Salmon In The Yukon River, Bryce Douglas Mecum Dec 2016

Forecasting Stock-Specific Upriver Migration Timing Of Chinook Salmon In The Yukon River, Bryce Douglas Mecum

Fisheries

Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are an economically and culturally important genus of fishes endemic to the North Pacific. Their sustainable management depends on an understanding of the drivers of their abundance and migration dynamics. In many instances, statistical models are employed to predict abundance and run timing before harvest takes place to more effectively meet management objectives. In this thesis, I created a general-purpose predictive model of run timing that can be applied to many salmon populations. I then applied it to Yukon River Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) by generating pre-season predictions of inriver run timing, which I then compared …

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Seasonal Thermal Habitat Use And Bathymetric Distribution Of Burbot In Tanada And Copper Lakes, Alaska, Heather L. Scannell Dec 2016

Seasonal Thermal Habitat Use And Bathymetric Distribution Of Burbot In Tanada And Copper Lakes, Alaska, Heather L. Scannell

Fisheries

Burbot Lota lota are a cold water, benthic, primarily piscivorous species that inhabits lakes and rivers throughout their Holarctic distribution. Habitat requirements for Burbot are still poorly understood, in part due to the disregard this species has received in fisheries management plans. From June 2009 through September 2011, I investigated the seasonal movements and bathymetric distribution of Burbot in Tanada and Copper lakes, Alaska, using archival tags programmed to record water depth and temperature. One hundred and forty Burbot (70 in each lake) were surgically implanted with archival tags, and 1 year later fish were recaptured to retrieve the archived …

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For Generations To Come: Exploring Local Fisheries Access And Community Viability In The Kodiak Archipelago, Danielle J. Ringer Dec 2016

For Generations To Come: Exploring Local Fisheries Access And Community Viability In The Kodiak Archipelago, Danielle J. Ringer

Fisheries

The sustainability of fisheries and fishing-dependent communities depends upon numerous political, cultural, economic, and ecological factors. My research explores a key threat to this sustainability in Alaska -- the graying of the commercial fishing fleet. As current fishermen approach retirement age and a decreasing number of young people obtain ownership level careers in Alaska's fisheries, succession impacts become an increasingly pressing issue. This research utilized a political ecology framework and mixed methods ethnography, including 70 semi-structured interviews and 609 student surveys, to study local fisheries access and community viability in the Kodiak Archipelago communities of Kodiak City, Old Harbor, and …

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Evaluation Of Growth, Survival, And Recruitment Of Chinook Salmon In Southeast Alaska Rivers, Cory J. Graham Dec 2016

Evaluation Of Growth, Survival, And Recruitment Of Chinook Salmon In Southeast Alaska Rivers, Cory J. Graham

Fisheries

Recent reductions in the run sizes of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in Southeast Alaska have resulted in social and economic hardships within the region. Pacific salmon yearclass strength may be determined by size-selective processes during the early marine phase of their life cycle; however, the relative importance of growth during freshwater and marine residence in determining recruitment success is unknown. A scale-based retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the effects of freshwater and annual marine growth and early marine conditions on survival to reproductive maturity for female Chinook Salmon by brood year (BY) in the Taku (BYs 1979 -- 1985, …

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Landscape-Scale Establishment And Population Spread Of Yellow-Cedar (Callitropsis Nootkatensis) At A Leading Northern Range Edge, John P. Krapek Dec 2016

Landscape-Scale Establishment And Population Spread Of Yellow-Cedar (Callitropsis Nootkatensis) At A Leading Northern Range Edge, John P. Krapek

Natural Resources

Yellow-cedar is a long-lived conifer of the North Pacific Coastal Temperate Rainforest region that is thought to be undergoing a continued natural range expansion in southeast Alaska. Yellow-cedar is locally rare in northeastern portions of the Alexander Archipelago, and the fairly homogenous climate and forest conditions across the region suggest that yellow-cedar's rarity could be due to its local migrational history rather than constraints on its growth. Yellow-cedar trees in northern range edge locations appear to be healthy, with few dead trees; additionally, yellow-cedar tend to be younger than co-dominant mountain and western hemlock trees, indicating recent establishment in existing …

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Sagavanirktok River Spring Breakup Observations 2016, H. Toniolo, K.D. Tape, T. Tschetter, J.W. Homan, E.K. Youcha, D. Vas, R.E. Gieck, J. Keech, G. Upton Dec 2016

Sagavanirktok River Spring Breakup Observations 2016, H. Toniolo, K.D. Tape, T. Tschetter, J.W. Homan, E.K. Youcha, D. Vas, R.E. Gieck, J. Keech, G. Upton

WERC Project Reports

In 2015, spring breakup on the Sagavanirktok River near Deadhorse was characterized by high flows that destroyed extensive sections of the Dalton Highway, closing the road for nearly 3 weeks. This unprecedented flood also damaged infrastructure that supports the trans-Alaska pipeline, though the pipeline itself was not damaged. The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) and the Alyeska Pipeline Service Company made emergency repairs to their respective infrastructure. In December 2015, aufeis accumulation was observed by ADOT&PF personnel. In January 2016, a research team with the University of Alaska Fairbanks began monitoring and researching the aufeis and local …

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Arctic Storm Activities In Ensemble Simulations By The Hirham-Naoism Regional Coupled Climate Model, Yang Yang, Xiangdong Zhang, Annette Rinke Dec 2016

Arctic Storm Activities In Ensemble Simulations By The Hirham-Naoism Regional Coupled Climate Model, Yang Yang, Xiangdong Zhang, Annette Rinke

Research Posters

Arctic storm activities have shown intensification during recent decades, which may have contributed to or caused extreme climate events. We examined Arctic storm activities in 10 ensemble simulations by using the Arctic regional coupled climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM. Storm identification and tracking algorithm (Zhanget al., 2004) were employed to derive intensity, location and duration of each storm. Arctic regional storm climatology and variability were constructed and compared with the same statistics derived from the ERA-interim reanalysis data.

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2016 Snow Melt In The Ngee-Arctic Teller Research Watershed, Robert Busey, Cathy Wilson, Go Iwahana, W. Robert Bolton, Lily Cohen Dec 2016

2016 Snow Melt In The Ngee-Arctic Teller Research Watershed, Robert Busey, Cathy Wilson, Go Iwahana, W. Robert Bolton, Lily Cohen

Research Posters

In April 2016, daily transects were made across the Teller Road Basin to begin the several year process of characterizing the largest event in the northern hydrologic year: snow melt. This year was an experiment to see how much could be accomplished (a full suite of time intensive measurements) during this interval.

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Scenarios In Social-Ecological Systems: Co-Producing Futures In Arctic Alaska, A. L. Lovecraft, H. Eicken Dec 2016

Scenarios In Social-Ecological Systems: Co-Producing Futures In Arctic Alaska, A. L. Lovecraft, H. Eicken

Research Posters

Scenarios are used to think ahead in rapidly changing, complex, and competitive environments, and make crucial decisions in absence of complete information about the future. Currently, at many regional scales of governance, there is a growing need for legitimate tools that enable the actors (e.g., governments, corporations, organized interests) at local-scales to address pressing concerns in the midst of uncertainty. This is particularly true of areas experiencing rapidly changing environments (e.g., drought, floods, diminishing sea ice, erosion) and complex social problems (e.g., remote communities, resource extraction, threatened cultures). Scenario exercises produce neither forecasts of what is to come nor are …

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Unmanned Aircraft System Assessments Of Landslide Safety For Transportation Corridors, Keith Cunningham, Michael J. Olsen, Matt O'Banion, Joseph Wartman, Claire Rault Dec 2016

Unmanned Aircraft System Assessments Of Landslide Safety For Transportation Corridors, Keith Cunningham, Michael J. Olsen, Matt O'Banion, Joseph Wartman, Claire Rault

INE Project Reports

An assessment of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) concluded that current, off-the-shelf UAS aircraft and cameras can be effective for creating the digital surface models used to evaluate rock-slope stability and landslide risk along transportation corridors. The imagery collected with UAS can be processed using a photogrammetry technique called Structure-from-Motion (SfM) which generates a point cloud and surface model, similar to terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). We treated the TLS data as our control, or “truth,” because it is a mature and well-proven technology. The comparisons of the TLS surfaces and the SFM surfaces were impressive – if not comparable is many …

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Effects Of Variable Maternal Diet Conditions On The Reproductive Success And Development Of The California Sea Cucumber (Parastichopus Californicus), Charlotte Marie Regula-Whitefield Dec 2016

Effects Of Variable Maternal Diet Conditions On The Reproductive Success And Development Of The California Sea Cucumber (Parastichopus Californicus), Charlotte Marie Regula-Whitefield

Marine Biology

Anthropogenic and natural climate change is altering the biology and ecology of marine organisms, which can be reflected in the supply of primary production that provides food for consumers. Primary producers differ in their biochemical composition, and marine food webs are thus based on specific combinations of producers that provide key nutrients such as dietary fatty acids (FA). Some FA cannot be synthesized by marine invertebrates, and must be acquired directly from diets. Reproductive processes in marine invertebrates are often timed to correspond with seasonal patterns in primary production, such that dietary FA and other nutrients can be partitioned to …

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An Ionization Chamber For High Resolution Fission Product Spectroscopy, James Cole Dec 2016

An Ionization Chamber For High Resolution Fission Product Spectroscopy, James Cole

Nuclear Engineering ETDs

The fission process has played a vital role in the world’s search for effective sources of alternative energy. With almost 80 years of work with fissionable material there is still much that is unknown about the process. Fission fragment mass and atomic number distributions are still lacking in completeness and critical detail. Knowledge of this information is highly sought after in the effort to improve various fields of nuclear physics and engineering such as reactor design, predictive models, waste disposal methods, and an overall understanding of the fission process. In an effort to better understand this process, we have developed …

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Geologic And Geochemical Characterization Of Cross-Communication Potential Within The Northern Edwards Aquifer System, Texas, Ingrid J. Eckhoff Dec 2016

Geologic And Geochemical Characterization Of Cross-Communication Potential Within The Northern Edwards Aquifer System, Texas, Ingrid J. Eckhoff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Edwards Aquifer is a large, complex groundwater system located throughout Central Texas in association with the Balcones Fault Zone. The San Antonio and Barton Spring segments of the Edwards Aquifer have been extensively studied in the past because they provide groundwater resources to the largely urbanized areas of San Antonio and Austin, respectively, and smaller communities along the Interstate 35 corridor. Previous research has been conducted on these southern and central portions of the Edwards Aquifer system, which have characterized the structural, hydrogeological and geochemical variations within the highly karsted region. However, the Northern Segment of the Edwards Aquifer …

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A Heartfelt Charge, Eric F. Spina Dec 2016

A Heartfelt Charge, Eric F. Spina

President's Blog: From the Heart

President Eric Spina delivered a special charge to the Class of 2016: Take your University of Dayton education and skills in community-building, empathy, civility and respect into a world that needs leaders who can bring people together across differences.

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Um Alumnus Finishing Strong With Law School, Bill Dabney Dec 2016

Um Alumnus Finishing Strong With Law School, Bill Dabney

University of Mississippi News

No abstract provided.

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Bonding Theatre And Chemistry: An Educational Exploration, Matthew Gurniak Dec 2016

Bonding Theatre And Chemistry: An Educational Exploration, Matthew Gurniak

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

This paper analyzes the educational aspects of theatre and music and the impact that they have on an audience. The goal was to begin a new conversation about science and theatre and how the two can learn and gain unique insight from each other. To examine how these two antithetical fields can interact, I composed a new, innovative musical that tells the love story between two professors through the use of concepts from general chemistry. The results and responses from the performance of the play were overwhelmingly positive from members of both disciplines. They have inspired continued interest in this …

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Oil Achievements Of Abdul Karim Qasim's Government July 14, 1958 - February 8, 1963, Mutaib Khalaf Jaber Al-Rishawi, Hussein Ali Mohammed Al-Marshadi Dec 2016

Oil Achievements Of Abdul Karim Qasim's Government July 14, 1958 - February 8, 1963, Mutaib Khalaf Jaber Al-Rishawi, Hussein Ali Mohammed Al-Marshadi

Uruk Journal of Human Sciences

The oil sector in Iraq during the monarchy is characterized by the fact that it submitted to the control of foreign oil companies through the privileges obtained during the years 1938, 1932, 1925. Therefor; One of the most important priorities of the government of the revolution July 14, 1958 is to release this vital sector from foreign control. When the revolution took place the Iraqi people were waiting for governmental Attitude from these privileges. Therefore; The government has sought to do several actions that have a significant role in the rebuilding of national autonomy to the Iraqi oil sector.

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Argumentative Factors In The Verses Of Rulings, Eayd Jadue Hanun, Thayir Eimran Shadhan Dec 2016

Argumentative Factors In The Verses Of Rulings, Eayd Jadue Hanun, Thayir Eimran Shadhan

Uruk Journal of Human Sciences

Argumentative factors are among the most important linguistic means that the speaker resorts to in directing his speech towards a certain argumentative point of view; to convince his recipient of the result he seeks to achieve. Argumentative factors work to reduce the argumentative potential of a single statement within the speech, and increase its argumentative energy in moving towards a certain result. It is one of the most important main concepts in argumentative theory that helps the recipient discover the meaning of the text.

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