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A Computational Study On Sensor Localization For Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network In The East Sea Environmental Model, Jinyoung Choi, Kiseon Kim, Sung Chan Jun

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

An underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) is a promising method for surveillance or monitoring underwater environments. This network may be most applicable as a disaster alarm system against tsunamis and red tides. Sensor measurement data and sensor location information from these networks are important elements for the UASN system. However, global positioning system (GPS) information is not yet available because the electromagnetic signal has high attenuation under the water. Thus, new methods for sensor localization are of great importance to UASN systems. In this paper, an event-driven localization scheme using the constant arrival time surface (ELSUCATS) is proposed to achieve …

Interpretation Of Sar Image Modulation By The Interaction Of Current And Bottom Topography In Gyeonggi Bay With Microwave Scattering Models, Tae-Ho Kim, Chan-Su Yang, Kazuo Ouchi

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The effect of the interaction between surface currents and bottom topography to the radar cross section (RCS) is investigated using theoretical and numerical scattering models and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. First, the ocean waveheight spectrum perturbed by a varying surface current is computed under the wind condition at the time of SAR data acquisition. The surface current data are extracted from the tidal current models. The RCS modulations are then computed using the small perturbation method (SPM) and the numerical scattering model based on the method of moments (MoM) with undulated surface height profiles simulated from the perturbed wave …

Reconstruction And Analysis Of Surface Velocity From Drifters In The Kuroshio Region East Of Taiwan, Kai-Ho Cheng, Chen-Chih Lin, Po-Chun Hsu, Shih-Jen Huang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In this study, sea surface velocities derived from drifters were gridded to 0.25 latitude by 0.25 longitude for analysis of the Kuroshio region east of Taiwan. The data for each grid that were originally missing were obtained using the Data Interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (DINEOF) method, which can precisely reconstruct missing data. Compared with the original data, the error of the reconstructed Kuroshio velocity is 0.18  0.03 m/s. By analyzing the reconstructed data, we defined the Kuroshio axis at its maximum surface velocity in the zonal direction of 0.25 latitude along the east coast of Taiwan. The results indicate …

Breaking Barriers: Saudi Women In Non Traditional Careers, Suad Dukhaykh

Student Scholarship

Women occupy only 15.8 percent of the private and public positions occupied by Saudi nationals, according to statistics from the Central Department of Statistics and Information 2015. The Saudi government has highlighted the need to support women's higher education and combat sociopolitical barriers to their employment. Despite facing substantial challenges to entering the labor market, females have made gains in Saudi society; these include higher literacy rates, greater employment, and moderate rates of entry into both positions of leadership and nontraditional careers. Qualitative research was based on semi-structured interviews with 30 women, 18 of whom had nontraditional careers and 12 …

Novel Regulation Of The Nonsense-Mediated Rna Decay Pathway, Andrew Keith Nickless

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The nonsense mediated RNA decay (NMD) pathway maintains the integrity of cellular RNAs and controls gene expression. NMD is essential for vertebrate development and defects in NMD are associated with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders and cancers. NMD activity is tightly regulated and is altered in response to environmental and developmental signals. To better study this dynamic pathway and to identify clinically relevant regulators of its activity, we developed a dual-color bioluminescent NMD reporter that rapidly and accurately quantifies NMD activity in mammalian cells. Using this reporter, we performed a chemical screen for small-molecule modulators of NMD activity and identified …

Mass Spectrometry And Protein Analysis: Structure, Oligomerization And Interaction, Hanliu Wang

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Protein aggregation is common in biological processes including neurodegenerative diseases, as well as artificial development in biopharmaceutical production and protein storage. Therefore, understanding proteins involved in aggregation systems is important. It is generally difficult for high resolution structural methods, such as X-ray or NMR, to interrogate proteins possessing aggregation propensities. On the other hand, techniques that tolerate solution heterogeneities, such as circular dichroism, only provide global or low-resolution information. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods are appropriate and powerful in such applications because they can deal with mixtures. Additionally, primary sequence, post-translational modification, and structural information can be obtained at low sample …

The Violence Of Abstraction: Learning To Live With Type-2 Diabetes In Everyday Life, Jenny Epstein

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The impetus for this project grew out of my experience working as a pharmacist in a federally-funded ambulatory-care clinic In Tacoma, WA. Many people seen at the clinic struggled with type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and over time, I began to see this condition not only as a biological disorder, but also as a complex symptom of both macro-level social history and micro-level daily activities. I also began to see how the emphasis on medical abstraction in the form of measuring, monitoring and scheduling into daily routines, while necessary to control T2DM, created a gap between lived experience and the broader social …

The Dynamic Brain In Action: Cortical Oscillations And Coordination Dynamics, Mahmood Hoseini

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Cortical oscillations are electrical activities with rhythmic and/or repetitive nature generated spontaneously and in response to stimuli. Study of cortical oscillations has become an area of converging interests since the last two decades and has deepened our understanding of its physiological basis across different behavioral states. Experimental and modeling work has taught us that there is a wide diversity of cellular and circuit mechanisms underlying the generation of cortical rhythms. A wildly diverse set of functions has pertained to synchronous oscillations but their significance in cognition should be better appraised in the more general framework of correlation between spike times …

Genetic Mechanisms For The Maintenance Of Behavioral Mating Barriers In Drosophila, Kathleen M. Mortland

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

One of the most successful and diverse systems involved in the maintenance of behavioral barriers between closely related animal species is pheromonal communication. In the fruit fly, contact chemosensation input is especially important during sexual decision-making as it allows for the sensing of sex and species-specific non-volatile cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), which function as insect pheromones. However, how pheromonal systems support the maintenance of mating barriers is puzzling since any change in either pheromone ligands or their cognate receptors would carry a fitness cost, which should be eliminated by stabilizing selection. To resolve this evolutionary conundrum I hypothesized that pleiotropic genes …

A Study On The Role And Regulation Of The Na+-Leak Channel, Non-Selective (Nalcn) In Myometrial Function, Erin Lynn Reinl

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Uterine contractions are tightly regulated throughout pregnancy, remaining relatively quiescent for the majority of pregnancy to promote fetal development, while becoming highly activated at term to effectively expel the fetus. Contractions are coordinated through electrical and mechanical coupling of myometrial smooth muscle cells (MSMCs). Ion channel activity, which alters the electrical activity of MSMCs, can directly affect the contraction profile. Thus there is great interest in the field of reproduction to understand which ion channels regulate uterine excitability, and particularly how they may enable the transition from uterine quiescence to uterine activation for labor. The focus thus far has been …

Ongoing And Visually-Evoked Cortical Activity Measured Across Multiple Spatial Scales, Nathaniel Caleb Wright

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The visual cortex is a densely-interconnected network of neurons, which receives sensory input from the early visual pathway, and represents information about the visual world in the resulting spatiotemporal activity patterns. These patterns are mediated by cortical interactions that span multiple spatial scales (i.e., neuron-neuron, neuron-population, and population-population). Such interactions are a fundamental property of cortical function, and capture the contribution of the cortex to sensory coding. Yet these interactions are only beginning to be understood, in part because of the challenge of recording ongoing and visually-evoked activity across multiple spatial scales in individual studies. In this thesis, we present …

Plate Waste Trends Of 5​Th​-8​Th​ Grade Students At A Residential Environmental Learning Center, Colleen K. Foehrenbacher

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

This descriptive research determined, using aggregated nonselective plate waste measurements, the characteristics of plate waste generated by 5th-8th grade students visiting Eagle Bluff Environmental Learning Center in Lanesboro, Minnesota over the course of 5 years. The results indicated a positive relationship between plate waste and group size; that groups from rural schools wasted less plate waste than schools from urban or suburban locations; and that groups from private schools wasted less than groups from public school groups. Completely eliminating plate waste is unrealistic, but reducing plate waste lowers user costs, makes program operations more efficient, and enhances a program’s success …

Predicting The Catch Potential Of Skipjack Tuna In The Western And Central Pacific Ocean Under Different Climate Change Scenarios, Kuo-Wei Yen, Nan-Jay Su, Tooreka Teemari, Min-An Lee, Hsueh-Jung Lu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) constitute an important migratory species that contributes significantly to the economy and the global fishery industry. Skipjack tuna play a vital role in the marine ecosystem, particularly in tropical waters of the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). However, climate change may affect the characteristics of fishery resources, leading to substantial reallocation and reduction of the biomass of this species in the WCPO. In this study, catch and effort data for skipjack tuna were collected from a purse seine fishery and subsequently analyzed in combination with remote-sensing environmental variables and simulation data from climate models under …

Impact Of Climate Change On Shihmen Reservoir Water Supply, Tai-Yi Chu, Jyun-Long Lee, Wen-Cheng Huang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study evaluated the impact of climate change on the water supply of the Shihmen reservoir in northern Taiwan. Five downscaled general circulation models that represent the daily meteorological data of 2046-2065 were adopted. The future inflow of the Shihmen reservoir was estimated using the tank model. Subsequently, the water supply risk under the given demand and operating conditions was simulated and assessed. Compared with 2004-2011, the average annual precipitation of the Shihmen watershed in 2046-2065 is lower, particularly during the wet season (May-October). Therefore, the risk to the water supply will increase in the first cropping season (from March …

Edinburgh Monuments, The Literary Canon, And Cultural Nationalism: A Comparative Perspective, Silvia Mergenthal

Studies in Scottish Literature

Building on comparative studies of the "memory landscapes" of cities and monuments, describes three different monument series in Edinburgh, the Canongate Wall at the Scottish Parliament building at Holyrood, the flagstone quotations in Makar's Court near the Writers' Museum, and the grouped herms in the Edinburgh Business Park; discusses how the authors included in each series were selected and how each relates to the formal and informal Scottish literary canon; and briefly indicates what comparative scholarship suggests about the relation of such monuments to the development of cultural nationalism.

Alexander Arbuthnot And The Lyric In Post-Reformation Scotland, Joanna Martin

Studies in Scottish Literature

Presents the first critical discussion of manuscript poems in the Maitland Quarto attributable to Alexander Arbuthnot (1538-1583), the first Protestant principal of King's College, Aberdeen; gives detailed discussion of attribution and textual issues; and discusses the effects of religious change on Arbuthnot's writing of amatory, ethical and devotional lyric in post-Reformation Scotland.

Intersectionality Of Non-Normative Identities In The Cultures Of Engineering Survey, Allison Godwin, Adam Kirn, Lisa Benson, Geoff Potvin

School of Engineering Education Working Papers

This is a survey measuring students' attitudes and beliefs in engineering. The survey was distributed at four institutions across the U.S. in the fall semester of 2015. Students in first semester first-year engineering courses were surveyed on a paper-and-pencil instrument as part of a larger study. We collected 2,916 valid student responses that were digitized by the research group and audited for accuracy. Validity evidence for this survey has been document in ASEE conference proceedings.

Integrating Information Into The Engineering Design Process, Michael Fosmire, David Radcliffe

Purdue Information Literacy Handbooks

Engineering design is a fundamental problem-solving model used by the discipline. Effective problem-solving requires the ability to find and incorporate quality information sources. To teach courses in this area effectively, educators need to understand the information needs of engineers and engineering students and their information gathering habits. This book provides essential guidance for engineering faculty and librarians wishing to better integrate information competencies into their curricular offerings. The treatment of the subject matter is pragmatic, accessible, and engaging. Rather than focusing on specific resources or interfaces, the book adopts a process-driven approach that outlasts changing information technologies.

After several chapters …

Winter Commencement: December 15-16, 2016, University Of North Dakota

UND Commencement Programs

UND Winter Commencement program from December 15-16, 2016.

Idealizing Patriarchy: Patterns Of Hierarchy And Patriarchal Values In English Household Literature, 1520-1600, Conor Howard

Honors Theses

This thesis examines English household literature of the sixteenth century to assess normative patterns of masculinity and patriarchy. Throughout that century, in spite of prolific changes having occurred in the realm of English material and intellectual culture, the patterns of masculinity observed in these texts show a remarkable pattern of consistency. This lack of change is in keeping with the works of other historians who have argued that the most salient feature of the norms of English masculinity throughout the early modern period was in fact continuity. Chapter one of this thesis shows how this body of literature prescribed access …

Classification Of Intertidal Sediment Using A Two-Step Principal Component Analysis (Pca) Of Optical Reflectance: A Case Study In Ganghwa Tidal Flats, Dong-Jae Kwon, Wook Park, Joong-Sun Won

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Sediment distribution within intertidal flats varies widely, ranging from mud-dominant to sand-dominant, with extensive seasonal changes. However, retrieving grain size information from remotely sensed data is difficult because the optical reflectance of intertidal sediment is not a function of a single parameter but varies according to water content, grain size, topography, surface water, benthic algae, and halophytes. Among these, grain size and water content are two important parameters. The fact that intertidal sediments are always affected by tide necessitates the development of a water-independent grain size retrieval model. Mud and sand sediment are known to be well distinguished under dry …

Physiological, Behavioral, And Knowledge Assessment Of Runners’ Readiness To Perform In The Heat, Yuri Hosokawa

Doctoral Dissertations

Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors may contribute to exertional heat stroke (EHS) susceptibility. Despite many plausible risk factors for EHS in runners, much remains unknown about how risk factors contribute to EHS risk and how education to modify behavior may reduce EHS risk. Therefore, this study investigated: (1) the differences between runners’ planned and actual hours of sleep, hydration strategies, and intake of medication and supplements at the 2016 Falmouth Road Race (FRR) and their current knowledge on heat safety and hydration, (2) effectiveness of educational video intervention in improving runner’s knowledge on heat safety and hydration, (3) effectiveness in …

Cultural Trauma, History Making, And The Politics Of Ethnic Identity Among Afghan Hazaras, Melissa S. Kerr Chiovenda

Doctoral Dissertations

Based on 18 months of fieldwork in Bamyan and West Kabul, Afghanistan among ethnic Hazara civil society activists, I examine civil society groups’ protests and memorialization activities as social and political acts of collective and cultural trauma generation and dissemination. The activists’ protests seek to secure greater rights, security and infrastructural development in Hazara populated areas, and memorialize past rights violations and atrocities against Hazaras. Through protests, literature and social media, the retelling of traumatic events inculcates and spreads collective trauma. And the framing of these past events as a present existential threat merges with a widespread sense that Hazara …

Population And Trophic Dynamics Of Striped Bass And Blueback Herring In The Connecticut River, Justin P. Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

Case studies of the ramifications of predator management for prey population dynamics can play a valuable role in developing ecosystem fisheries management. My dissertation focuses on the predator-prey interaction between Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis), an abundant predatory finfish, and an imperiled prey population of anadromous Blueback Herring (Alosa aestivalis). Annual returns of Blueback Herring to the Holyoke Dam on the Connecticut River in southern New England collapsed during the 1980-2000s, coincident with Striped Bass recovery. I studied the abundance and demography of both species in the Connecticut River during 2005-08, measured predation levels, and surveyed the …

Wage Shocks And The Technological Substitution Of Low-Wage Jobs, Daniel Aaronson, Brian Phelan

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We extend the task-based empirical framework used in the job polarization literature to analyze the susceptibility of low-wage employment to technological substitution. We find that increases in the cost of low-wage labor, via minimum wage hikes, lead to relative employment declines at cognitively routine occupations but not manually-routine or non-routine low-wage occupations. This suggests that low-wage routine cognitive tasks are susceptible to technological substitution. While the short-run employment consequence of this reshuffling on individual workers is economically small, due to concurrent employment growth in other low-wage jobs, workers previously employed in cognitively routine jobs experience relative wage losses.

An Intercomparison Of Dissolved Iron Speciation At The Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (Bats) Site: Results From Geotraces Crossover Station A, Kristen N. Buck, Loes J. A. Gerringa, Micha J. A. Rijkenberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The organic complexation of dissolved iron (Fe) was determined in depth profile samples collected from GEOTRACES Crossover Station A, the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site, as part of the Dutch and U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic programs in June 2010 and November 2011, respectively. The two groups employed distinct competitive ligand exchange-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-AdCSV) methods, and resulting ligand concentrations and conditional stability constants from each profile were compared. Excellent agreement was found between the total ligand concentrations determined in June 2010 and the strongest, L₁-type, ligand concentrations determined in November 2011. Yet a primary distinction between …

'Rebellious Highlanders': The Reception Of Corsica In The Edinburgh Periodical Press, 1730-1800, Rhona Brown

Studies in Scottish Literature

Examines the way Scottish periodicals, especially the Weekly Magazine and the Caledonian Mercury, reported and discussed the nationalist resistance in Corsica against first Genoese and then French rule; recalibrates the role of James Boswell in shaping Scottish opinion about Corsica, especially in his Account of Corsica (1768); notes the parallels made by Scottish commentators between the Corsican resistance under Pascal Paoli and the Scottish highlands, especially the Jacobite risings of 1715 and 1745; and suggests the value of looking at the distinctive responses of Scottish periodicals, not just the print networks based on London.

Breaking Barriers: Saudi Women In Non Traditional Careers, Suad Dukhaykh

Student Scholarship

Women occupy only 15.8 percent of the private and public positions occupied by Saudi nationals, according to statistics from the Central Department of Statistics and Information 2015. The Saudi government has highlighted the need to support women's higher education and combat sociopolitical barriers to their employment. Despite facing substantial challenges to entering the labor market, females have made gains in Saudi society; these include higher literacy rates, greater employment, and moderate rates of entry into both positions of leadership and nontraditional careers. Qualitative research was based on semi-structured interviews with 30 women, 18 of whom had nontraditional careers and 12 …

Focusing Light Inside Scattering Media With Optical Phase Conjugation, Yan Liu

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

In scattering media such as biological tissue, the heterogeneous refractive index distribution causes light to scatter, which makes the media look opaque and prevents us from focusing light beyond ~1 mm deep inside the media to achieve optical imaging and manipulation. Hence, the ability to focus light deep inside scattering media is highly desired, and it could revolutionize biophotonics by enabling deep-tissue non-invasive high-resolution optical microscopy, optical tweezing, optogenetics, micro-surgery, and phototherapy.

To break the optical diffusion limit and focus light deep inside scattering media, optical phase conjugation based wavefront shaping techniques, such as time-reversed ultrasonically encoded (TRUE) optical focusing, …

Understanding The Role Of Dynamics In Brain Networks: Methods, Theory And Application, Mohammadmehdi Kafashan

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

The brain is inherently a dynamical system whose networks interact at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Understanding the functional role of these dynamic interactions is a fundamental question in neuroscience. In this research, we approach this question through the development of new methods for characterizing brain dynamics from real data and new theories for linking dynamics to function. We perform our study at two scales: macro (at the level of brain regions) and micro (at the level of individual neurons).

In the first part of this dissertation, we develop methods to identify the underlying dynamics at macro-scale that govern brain …