Digital Commons Network^™

Plant Community Composition, Species Coexistence, And Community Assembly In The Riparian Zones Of Small Streams In New York State, Emily Joyce Rollinson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Many mechanisms may contribute to the diversity and composition of an ecological community. In riparian habitats, which are often described as both very diverse and very susceptible to biological invasions, flood disturbances may be a predominant structuring mechanism. In this dissertation I use several approaches to describe the mechanisms governing the diversity and composition of riparian plant communities along small streams. I performed a systematic literature review of the role of disturbances in facilitating plant invasions in general and in riparian plant communities in particular. General trends in the effects of disturbance on plant communities may be difficult to detect …

Optimization Of Cips Based Opto-Electronic Gas Detectors. Methane Detector., William Cheng

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The infrared molecular absorption spectra of certain gases are used for the spectroscopic detection of the presence or concentration of gas. Various and unique techniques utilizing this spectrum have been employed to improve detection, each with its own merits. CIPS (Correlated interference polarization spectroscopy) is unique in how it provides high sensitivity along with high selectivity. The work presented builds on the achievements of CIPS as it was developed by BAH Holdings and its members. This Dissertation reports on modelling of CIPS and its constituents such as the electro-optical modulator. The development of the generator used in this system was …

Fully Integrated Hybrid Voltage Regulator For Low Voltage Applications, Yongwan Park

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A novel hybrid regulator topology is proposed to alleviate the weaknesses of existing hybrid topologies. Contrary to the dominant existing practice, a switched-capacitor converter and a resistorless LDO operate in a parallel fashion to supply current and regulate the output voltage. The proposed topology targets a fully integrated regulator without using any inductors and resistors. The primary emphasis is on maximizing power efficiency while maintaining sufficient regulation capability (with ripple voltage less than 10% of the output voltage) and power density. The first implementation of the proposed topology operates in a single frequency mode. Simulation results in 45 nm technology …

Enhancing Power And Signal Integrity In Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits, Hailang Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Three-dimensional (3D) integration has emerged as an enabling technology for integrated circuits (ICs) in the interconnect-centric design era, where the interconnects have become a bottleneck for the overall system performance. With 3D integration technology, multiple planar dies are stacked vertically while the communication among different dies is achieved by low impedance vertical connections such as through silicon vias (TSVs) or monolithic inter-tier vias (MIVs). Due to the unique characteristics of 3D ICs, various challenges exist in the fabrication, design and testing of 3D integrated systems. The research work proposed in this dissertation is focused on 3D design methodologies with emphasis …

Digitizing The Novel, 1987-2010, Bradley Reina

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The novel is digital, it was digital, and it will be digital. Most authors have written on word processors and most publishers have made books with some form of desktop publishing software since the early 1990s. The first novels for digital display were written and published in the late 1980s. From a literary perspective, the question is whether such digital-born literature translates into palpable changes in the novel form, why, and how. Previous theories of the meeting of digital technology and literature have all too often presented a predetermined fate for this pairing—an essentialist vision of literature, technology, or both. …

Toward Reliable Analysis Of Individual Genomes, Jason O'Rawe

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

High-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have given us the power to understand genetic disease at extraordinarily detailed resolution. It is now possible to sequence a person’s whole genome and search for the genetic markers that contribute to specific disease, or even markers that contribute to the possibility of developing a new one. However, the task of understanding and sifting through billions of data-points is not a trivial one. There are diverse statistical, algorithmic and practical implementation challenges that must be met so that we can accurately and reliably analyze the vast swaths of data that come from human DNA sequences. Indeed, …

Words That Make The Man: Major League Baseball, The Media, And American Manhood, 1945-1962, Elizabeth O'Connell Gennari

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Baseball and the media have been linked throughout the American national pastime’s history. Its rise as a professional game coincided with the Circulation Wars between Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst, who used sports as one means of selling newspapers. The expansion of radio programming linked listeners across the nation, and made Babe Ruth one of the first national celebrities. Baseball likewise helped fill airspace in the early days of television, and allowed viewers unable (or unwilling) to attend a ballpark the opportunity to see players like Mickey Mantle and Willie Mays perform. This dissertation examines the role of the …

Nanoscale Spatial Inhomogeneity In Photovoltaic Devices, Ahsan Ashraf

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A substantial challenge in the development of optoelectronic devices such as photovoltaics and photodetectors is the inherent non-uniformity in semi-crystalline and polycrystalline photoactive materials. The focus of this work is to understand and evaluate the impact of specific non-uniformities in organic and inorganic materials, and present strategies for the development of novel architectures where instead of being detrimental they can be beneficial to device performance. We focus on materials in two regimes: a) materials with small dielectric constants, where the Coulomb interaction between an electron and a hole is strong therefore forming Frenkel excitons, with radii of the same order …

The Integration Of Mathematics In Middle School Science: Student And Teacher Impacts Related To Science Achievement And Attitudes Towards Integration, Luisa Mchugh

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Contemporary research has suggested that in order for students to compete globally in the 21st century workplace, pedagogy must shift to include the integration of science and mathematics, where teachers effectively incorporate the two disciplines seamlessly. Mathematics facilitates a deeper understanding of science concepts and has been linked to improved student perception of the integration of science and mathematics. Although there is adequate literature to substantiate students’ positive responses to integration in terms of attitudes, there has been little empirical data to support significant academic improvement when both disciplines are taught in an integrated method. This research study, conducted at …

Increasing College Students’ Interest And Engagement In Stem: A Comparison Of Strategies For Challenging Stem Stereotypes | Increasing College Students’ Interest And Engagement In Stem: A Comparison Of Strategies For Challenging Stem Stereotypes, Jiyun Elizabeth Shin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Increasing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) graduates has become an important part of the education agenda in the U.S. in recent years. Stereotypes about STEM (i.e. | belief that STEM abilities are innate, and that European American men are best suited for STEM) have been identified as one of the critical factors that may contribute to low recruitment and retention of STEM students. Drawing from the literatures on biological essentialism and role models, this study compared different strategies for challenging STEM stereotypes among undergraduate students in STEM and non-STEM fields. STEM stereotypes were challenged directly with research articles that …

Introduction Of Biosimilar Therapeutics Into Nephrology Practice In The United States: Report Of A Scientific Workshop Sponsored By The National Kidney Foundation, Jay B. Wish, Chaim Charytan, Glenn M. Chertow, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Alan S. Kliger, Robert J. Rubin, Jerry Yee, Steven Fishbane

Nephrology Articles

Biosimilars are biologic medicines highly similar to the reference product with no meaningful clinical differences in terms of safety, purity, and potency. All biologic medicines are produced by living cells, resulting in an inherent heterogeneity in their higher order structures and post-translational modifications. In 2010, the US Congress enacted legislation to streamline the approval process for biosimilars of products losing patent protection, with the goal of decreasing costs and improving patient access to therapeutically important but expensive biologic agents. In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first biosimilar agent through this pathway. Approval of additional biosimilar agents …

Hilltopics: Volume 13, Issue 4, Hilltopics Staff

Hilltopics

No abstract provided.

Security Techniques For Sensor Systems And The Internet Of Things, Daniele Midi

Open Access Dissertations

Sensor systems are becoming pervasive in many domains, and are recently being generalized by the Internet of Things (IoT). This wide deployment, however, presents significant security issues.

We develop security techniques for sensor systems and IoT, addressing all security management phases. Prior to deployment, the nodes need to be hardened. We develop nesCheck, a novel approach that combines static analysis and dynamic checking to efficiently enforce memory safety on TinyOS applications. As security guarantees come at a cost, determining which resources to protect becomes important. Our solution, OptAll, leverages game-theoretic techniques to determine the optimal allocation of security resources in …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Is Key To Better Flying Aircraft, Nihad E. Daidzic

Aviation Department Publications

No abstract provided.

Woodward Material Replenishment Loop Implementation, Peyton J. Gunnison

Honors Capstones

At Woodward Rock Cut Campus purchased material is required at each production cell in the Integration loop at the Rock Cut Campus. The purchased parts come from suppliers and begin by being stored in the warehouse, which is external to Woodward. A truck is used to transport the needed kits and point of use storage bin between the warehouse and the Rock Cut Campus. Currently there is not a schedule in place to efficiently move the carts from the warehouse to the production lines. The project’s main objective is to develop a functional and efficient reusable kitting replenishment loop. The …

Identification Of The Plateau Of Cadmium Extraction From Aqueous Solution By Invasive Macrophyte: Eichhornia Crassipes, Micalah Spenrath

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Cadmium is an extremely deleterious heavy metal characterized by high toxicity, environmental disruptiveness and difficult removal. Utilizing an aquatic macrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes, as a phytoremediant of cadmium has been shown to be experimentally viable and less environmentally degrading than conventional methods of heavy metal remediation. To further understand the time required to optimize cadmium uptake and minimize the rerelease of contaminants, E. crassipes was studied to identify the plateau of cadmium extraction. The experimental plants were housed in aquatic environments with cadmium concentrations of 5 ppm for 144 hours. Water samples were analyzed in atmosphere in a Shimadzu EDX- 7000 …

The Role Of Wnt3a In Bone-Muscle Biochemical Crosstalk And Promoting Myoblast Differentiation Among Mouse Primary Muscle Cells, Sarah Daggs

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Bone and muscle crosstalk is a newly emerging field that focuses on the ability of bone cells and muscle cells to communicate with each other through mechanical and biochemical mechanisms. Until recently, the secretory function of both bone and muscle cells has largely been unexplored. My thesis focuses on continuing my faculty mentor’s current research on bone-muscle crosstalk by analyzing the effects of WNT3a, an important bone-secreted factor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, on myogenesis. Myogenesis is the process of producing muscle cells from stem cells in the embryonic stages of development and the regeneration of muscle tissue after cell injury …

Effect Of Manures On Food Waste Degradation In Biocell, Md Nur Basit Zaman

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Proper disposal of food waste is a challenge due to adverse effect on the environment through generation of excessive leachate and greenhouse gas (CH4). After food loss through the food supply chain, the food waste ends up mostly in landfills. A study by EPA showed food waste to be the second largest component found in landfill. However, food waste imposes major cost on landfill management, and demands a potential alternative disposal solution that can negate the adverse effects. Though anaerobic digester and composting are possible solutions for food waste disposal, the former is highly expensive while in later solution, a …

The Case For Student Appropriation Of University-Proximate Land Value, Robyn Curts

Planning Theses - Archive

This thesis proposes an eclectic pairing of Henry George’s value capture theory and Marxist spatial theory as a possible space-based solution to the student debt crisis. The literature review section includes background on neoliberalism in public universities; student spending and debt; current policy proposals for alleviation of the debt crisis; and selected analysis of Georgist and Marxist theories, including the work of Henry George, Henri Lefebvre, and David Harvey. The paper includes a case study of the University of Texas at Austin that illustrates potential policy considerations and funds garnered by student appropriation of unearned increases in land value proximate …

Comparison Of Labview Machine Learning Algorithms For Optimizing Grasping Patterns Of A Mechanical Hand, Saul Gutierrez

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Numerical Investigation Of Vortex Generators And Jet In Cross-Flow Enhancements, Aditya Raman

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Vortex generators have extensively been used over the past few decades for heat transfer applications. Their passive form of enhancement coupled with the ease of their implementation is the primary reason for their growing popularity. The streamwise counter rotating vortex pair (CVP) that is formed downstream of these vortex generators act as a source of energy that can set up stirring scales to enhance heat transfer and improve mixing. The CVP can be used to energize the boundary layer in the case of wall bounded flows, and as a consequence vortex generators have also been used to delay flow separation. …

An Investigation Of Chlorate And Perchlorate In Onsite-Generated Hypochlorite, Kaleisha Haynes Miller

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

This investigation evaluated the occurrence and concentration of chlorate and perchlorate in two low-strength onsite-generated hypochlorite systems in the DFW Metroplex, and attempted to correlate their concentrations to operating conditions and input materials of the generation process. Chlorate and perchlorate are disinfectant byproducts found in drinking water treated with hypochlorite and are known to pose potential health problems. Hypochlorite samples were quenched to remove chlorine and then analyzed using ion chromatography to determine the byproduct concentration. Results showed a correlation between byproduct concentration and the density of the solution as well as with the chlorine concentration. Other factors, such as …

Number 20, 2016, Palara Editors

PALARA: Publication of the Afro-Latin/American Research Association

Complete Issue

Fault Detection And Localization Techniques For Concurrent Programs, Jing Xu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Concurrency faults are hard to detect and localize due to the nondeterministic behavior of concurrent programs. In this dissertation, we present three approaches to detecting and localizing faults in concurrent programs. The first approach identifies erroneous event patterns in a failed concurrent program execution. Given a failed execution, we characterize the execution as a sequence of context-switch points and then use controlled execution to distinguish erroneous context-switch points from benign context-switch points. Erroneous context-switch points are used to derive erroneous event patterns, which allow the user to quickly localize the actual fault. Our experiments were conducted on thirteen programs. Seven …

Exploratory Data Analysis Over Online Community Networks, Azade Nazi

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An online community network links entities (e.g., users, products) with various relationships (e.g., friendship, co-purchase) and make such information available for access through a web interface. There are numerous such networks on the web, ranging from Twitter, Instagram, which links users as ``followers-followees'', to amazon.com, ebay.com, which links products with relationships such as ``also buy''. Online community networks often feature a web interface that only allows local-neighborhood queries - i.e., given a entity (e.g., users, products) of the community network as input, the system only returns the immediate neighbors of the entity. Further, the rate limit constraint restricts the number …

Integrative Approaches For Large-Scale Biomedical Data Analysis, Ashis Kumer Biswas

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Advancement of the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), also known as the High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) technologies allow researchers investigate genome, transcriptome, or epigenome of any organism from any perspective, thereby contributing to the enrichment of the biomedical data repositories for many of the lesser known phenomena. The regulatory activities inside genome by the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), the transcribed product of the long-neglected "junk DNA" molecules is one such phenomenon. While large-scale data about the ncRNAs are becoming publicly available, the computational challenges are being imposed to the bioinformaticians for efficient mining to get reliable answers to few subtle questions. Given …

The Smart Hospital Management System, Neelim Haider

2016 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

The UTA Smart Hospital is a training facility for nursing students. Our goal is to create a web platform that allows the faculty to manage their hospital information in one place; previously, this information was scattered among different websites and files. We first derived requirements for the website, and using these requirements, our team then created a prototype of a website. It was found that our website had the capability of implementing most of the features needed by the hospital, yet we could only implement features that were considered to be a higher priority. In conclusion, the website was able …

Computational Design And Flow Analysis Of Smart Flow Control Device For Dynamic Cold Plate Used In Computer Server Cooling, Sruthi Errukula

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

One of the areas which Electronics cooling research is focusing on is high heat fluxes and non-uniform power distribution. Cooling is always required for maximum junction temperature and as such it is important to mitigate hot spots. These hot spots result in large temperature differences across the surface of high-end devices such as multi-core chip scale packages. One possible solution for non-uniform power distribution across the chip can be use of dynamic cold plate cooling along with smart flow control device and thus this project aims at developing and testing of dynamic cold plate integrated with use of smart flow …

Fiber Bragg Grating (Fbg) Sensors For The Simultaneous Measurements Of Strain And Temperature, Abhay Kumar Singh

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

This research presents a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor that is capable of measuring the axial load and temperature simultaneously. The FBG sensor is coated with a block of recrystallized Lophine, which introduces the bandwidth modulation of the FBG reflectance spectrum. Thermal-mechanical testing of the Lophine-coated FBG sensor under different load and temperature combinations was carried out. It was discovered that the FBG bandwidth is linearly proportional to the applied load and temperature. By fitting the measured FBG bandwidths and central Bragg wavelengths as linear functions of the axial load and temperature, we demonstrated that the axial load and …

Effect Of Viscoelastic Modeling Of Pcb On The Board Level Reliability Of Wafer Chip Scale Package (Wcsp) In Comparison To Orthotropic Linear Elastic Modeling, Avinash Anaskure

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The assessment of board level solder joint reliability during thermal cycling is very important for electronic packages. During thermal cycling, the mismatch in Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) between the materials used in the package induces stress on the solder interconnects and result in deformation stresses. Finite element tools are widely used for rapid design optimization and also for understanding board level reliability issues. Lumped board properties approach, explicit geometry approach, and ECAD approach are the three widely used approaches for creating models for PCBs. In the lumped board properties approach, orthotropic elastic material properties are assigned to PCBs. However, …