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Iron Uptake In Symbiosis: The Role Of Siderophore In The Association Between Vibrio Fischeri And Euprymna Scolopes, Evan Dasilva

Master's Theses and Capstones

Iron acquisition is well studied in pathogens, and successful virulence is often attributed to iron acquisition by siderophore and heme uptake; however, the role of iron uptake in mutual symbiotic interactions is not as well understood. The mutual symbiosis between Vibrio fischeri and the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, is a well-characterized system in which iron uptake has been implicated as a symbiotic factor. Four studies have implicated iron uptake in the symbiosis: 1) A TnLux reporter assay revealed that siderophore is more highly expressed by V. fischeri in the light organs of juvenile squid compared to V. fischeri in …

Nesting Adaptations And Conservation Of A Threatened Tidal Marsh-Nesting Bird The Saltmarsh Sparrow, Bri Benvenuti

Master's Theses and Capstones

Tidal-marsh birds that nest on the marsh surface are faced with numerous reproductive challenges. Most recently, the impact of rising sea-levels threatens to reduce or eliminate reproduction in tidal-marsh nesting birds. One species most vulnerable to sea-level rise is the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammodramus caudacutus), an obligate tidal-marsh breeding bird with reproduction that is strongly linked to the tidal cycle. The saltmarsh sparrow is a species of high conservation priority in the northeast United States (USDI 2008) and is globally vulnerable to extinction within the next 50 years (Bayard and Elphick 2011, Wiest et al. 2016). I combined molecular, behavioral, and …

Marker Assisted Selection Of Sex Determination In Kiwiberry (Actinidia Arguta And Actinidia Kolomikta), Haley Gustafson

Master's Theses and Capstones

The selection of phenotypic traits in plant breeding has recently become augmented by the implementation of molecular markers. Marker-assisted breeding strategies are used to develop new cultivars of many important crop plants but have yet to be assimilated into breeding programs for many minor crops with untapped economic potential. In the following chapters, I discuss methods of marker development in crop plants, sex determination as a trait of economic interest in plant breeding, and the identification of two male-dominant, PCR-based markers in the commercially viable Kiwiberry species Actinidia arguta and A. kolomikta.

A Biological Based Model Of The Human Visual System Incorporating Lateral Subtractive Inhibition With Non-Uniform Sampling And Multiple Spatial Frequency Filters, Nisreen Hanoon Radhi

Master's Theses and Capstones

The human visual system has been an interesting topic of scientific research for decades. It is known that the cone photo-receptors are arrayed in a non-linear fashion and that a lateral subtractive inhibitory process is occurring in the visual pathway. This thesis outlines for the first time how lateral subtractive inhibition manifests itself in the context of a non-uniform sensor distribution where the distance between cone photo-receptors, and size of the receptors, are varying in a log manner when moving radially away from the foveal area. Range limits on the parameters that control the non-uniform sampling and coupling coefficients are …

Bacterial And Phage Interactions Influencing Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Ecology, Ashley L. Marcinkiewicz

Master's Theses and Capstones

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a human pathogenic bacterium, is a naturally occurring member of the microbiome of the Eastern oyster. As the nature of this symbiosis in unknown, the oyster presents the opportunity to investigate how microbial communities interact with a host as part of the ecology of an emergent pathogen of importance. To define how members of the oyster bacterial microbiome correlate with V. parahaemolyticus, I performed marker-based metagenetic sequencing analyses to identify and quantify the bacterial community in individual oysters after culturally-quantifying V. parahaemolyticus abundance. I concluded that despite shared environmental exposures, individual oysters from the same collection site varied …

The Impact Of Direct-Fed Microbials And Enzymes On The Health And Performance Of Holstein Cattle With Emphasis On Colostrum Quality And Serum Immunoglobulins In The Calf, Shona Brittany Ort

Master's Theses and Capstones

Research has shown that direct-fed microbials (DFM) and enzyme supplementation can impact the dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, and milk composition. However, limited research has evaluated the impact of DFM and enzyme supplementation on colostrum quality and the uptake of the Immunoglobulins A and G (IgA and IgG) by calves. In this study, 36 multiparous Holstein cows were blocked by expected calving date and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments 3 weeks prior to calving and remained on these treatments until week 8 postpartum. These treatments were: 1) 0 g of DFM and enzyme (control), 2) 45.40 g/d …

Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Recruitment Studies In The Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, Robert Lee Eckert

Master's Theses and Capstones

Oyster populations in New Hampshire’s Great Bay Estuary have experienced dramatic declines similar to populations along the east coast. These declines have caused ecosystem degradation in estuaries and prompted a focus on oyster reef restoration. Despite the large use of procured funds dedicated for oyster reef restoration, few quantifiable successes have occurred. Currently, there is no rigorous method for determining where a restored reef would have the highest probability for long-term success. However, consistent and substantial natural recruitment is a major factor to consider.

In this research, I identify historic trends in oyster populations, quantify the success and failures of …

Development Of Equipment And Methodology For The Measurement Of Underwater Sound Produced By Deep Foundation Construction, James Michael Browne

Master's Theses and Capstones

Until the last decade, the underwater sound produced during marine pile driving and underwater drilling work was not considered a hazard to marine life. However, beginning with state environmental agencies on the West Coast, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service has taken a national interest in this possible source of environmental disturbance to endangered species and marine mammals. Under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act and the 1972 Marine Mammal Protection Act, “taking” of endangered species or marine mammals includes activities that could cause physical harm, harassment, or behavioral modification of a protected species. High intensity sound produced by construction …

Kelp Meal (Ascophyllum Nodosum) Supplementation To Organic Lactating Dairy Cows: Effects On Milk Production, Milk Composition, Animal Health And Nutrient Utilization During The Non-Grazing And Grazing Seasons In New Hampshire, Nicole Theresa Antaya

Master's Theses and Capstones

This thesis examines the feeding of kelp meal (KM), most commonly produced from the species Ascophyllum nodosum to lactating dairy cattle. In the first experiment KM was fed at incremental levels to lactating jersey cattle over the winter season in Lee, New Hampshire. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of incremental amounts (0, 57, 113, and 170 g/d) of KM on animal performance and milk iodine concentration in dairy cows fed high-forage diets. While animal performance was not improved, milk iodine output increased linearly in cows fed KM. Trends and quadratic effects were observed for nutrient …

Methods In Culturing Algae And The Addition Of Algae To Enhance The Performance Of Gravel Roughing Filtration Pretreatment, Kyle Daniel Hay

Master's Theses and Capstones

Gravel roughing filtration (GRF) is often used to pretreat marginal source waters prior to the main filtration process. GRF is a proven way to consistently improve water quality and reduce the effects of low water quality spikes such as during a precipitation event. This research is aimed at improving GRF performance through the application of various forms of algae. Research was broken down into four components: culturing and transferring algae, growing filamentous algae on the filter bed of a downflow GRF, applying an algae coating to the surface of gravel media, and testing a field-scale horizontal roughing filter (HRF) to …

Strawberry Production In New Hampshire Strawberry Root-Lesion Nematode, Matted-Row Production, And Annual Plasticulture Compared To Matted-Row Production In New Hampshire, Matthew Kochka

Master's Theses and Capstones

The dominant strawberry production system in New Hampshire (NH) is the semi-perennial matted-row system. In this system, dormant crowns are planted in the spring and require a full year of maintenance before the first harvest. While as many two additional years of harvests can be realized in this system, strawberry root rot disease effectively limits the productive longevity of matted-row plantings in the state. Root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) damage is often cited as a possible factor in facilitating the infection process of the causative pathogen complex of strawberry root rot; but no systematic survey for the presence of Pratylenchus spp. …

Metagenomic Analysis Of The Microbial Community Assosciated With The Root Nodules Of The Actinorhizal Plant Casuarina Glauca, Timothy Stephen D'Angelo

Master's Theses and Capstones

The symbiosis between Frankia and actinorhizal plants in the genus Casuarina are intentionally exploited in efforts to reclaim degraded lands and improve agricultural production through the practice of agroforestry, particularly in countries on the continent of Africa. Laboratory investigations have shown that some non-Frankia bacteria isolated from the root nodules of Casuarina plants can play active and positive roles in this symbiosis, but a culture-independent survey of the microbial community in system had not yet been conducted. To fill this knowledge-gap, a metagenomic survey of the endophytic microbial community of Casuarina glauca root nodules was performed at three sites in …

Global And Regional Assessments Of Unsustainable Groundwater Use In Irrigated Agriculture, Danielle S. Grogan

Doctoral Dissertations

Groundwater is an essential input to agriculture world-wide, but it is clear that current rates of groundwater use are unsustainable in the long term. This dissertation assesses both current use of groundwater for country- to global-scale agriculture, and looks at the future of groundwater. The focus is on 1) quantifying food directly produced as a result of groundwater use across spatially-varying agricultural systems, 2) projecting future groundwater demands with consideration of climate change and human decision-making, and 3) understanding the system dynamics of groundwater re-use through surface water systems. All three are addressed using a process-based model designed to simulate …

The Characterization Of A Putative Perilipin-5 Splice Variant, Cara C. Hardy

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Lipid droplets, or LDs, are very important and dynamic organelles in cells. LDs are stores

of fat for use in metabolism, membrane construction, and signaling. Dysfunction of lipid droplet formation or breakdown can lead to many health risks, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes. Lipid droplet regulation occurs primarily via a dynamic and complex coat of proteins on the surface of the droplet. This work sought to characterize a novel variant, or new protein, derived from the sequence of the parent chain of perilipin-5, which we have termed perilipin-5B. Perilipin-5 is a member of the perilipin family of lipid droplet coat …

An Exploration Of A State Mandated Health Education Program, Patricia Lyons

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is one of the most violent forms of physical child abuse. In 2007, the State of Ohio enacted a health education mandate known as Claire's law. Claire's law requires all birthing hospitals to provide SBS education to mothers prior to their discharge. This law is the result of public demand and advocacy initiatives; however, it was not clear how the mandate was developed or whether or not the mandate and subsequent educational programs have had an impact on efforts to prevent SBS. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the state of Ohio's …

Nidus Idearum. Scilogs, Ii: De Rerum Consectatione, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Welcome into my scientific lab! My lab[oratory] is a virtual facility with noncontrolled conditions in which I mostly perform scientific meditation and chats: a nest of ideas (nidus idearum, in Latin). I called the jottings herein scilogs (truncations of the words scientific, and gr. Λόγος – appealing rather to its original meanings "ground", "opinion", "expectation"), combining the welly of both science and informal (via internet) talks (in English, French, and Romanian). In this second book of scilogs collected from my nest of ideas, one may find new and old questions and solutions, some of them already put at work, others …

Esperanto: A Diachronic Study Of Language Word Order, Daniel Seth Wilson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Role Of Women As Leaders In Mexican Politics: Looking Back And Moving Forward, Rafael Tovar Y Lopez-Portillo

Dissertations

The constant changes that occur in a globalized world have pushed gender equality to the forefront of many debates in the western world. Nevertheless, cultural values continue to influence the way in which governments, societies, and individuals behave in regard to the roles that men and women play. In Mexico, despite the cultural values that are embedded in society, women have been able to succeed in areas where, until a few decades ago, it would have been unimaginable. During the last forty years, the Mexican government has gone through a gradual transformation that has allowed women to become an active …

Nsu Science Education Curriculum 2016, Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

I See! Scotland: Tackling Sectarianism And Promoting Community Psychosocial Health, Eolene M. Boyd-Macmillan, Patricia Andrews Fearon, Amanda M. Ptolomey, Laura J. Mathieson

Journal of Strategic Security

We developed and tested through two studies a new intervention run as a course, I SEE! Scotland, to reduce and prevent Protestant-Catholic sectarianism in Scotland, a historic inter-group conflict expressed in forms ranging from polite to violent, within a wider population that includes those who feel untouched. Designed to reflect the social ecology of Scotland and engage individuals regardless of sectarian involvement, the intervention aimed to increase cognitive complexity, measured as integrative complexity, through participatory theatre and experiential methods. We hypothesised that the confluence of experiential learning to support multiple forms of self, other, and systems awareness with narrative framing …

Annual Report Of Externally Funded Grants And Contracts July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016, Office Of Research And Sponsored Programs. Morehead State University.

Office of Research and Sponsored Programs Reports and Publications

Annual Report of Externally Funded Grants and Contracts July 1, 2015 - June 30, 2016.

Health Of The Seventh Cavalry: A Medical History, John S. Haller

Civil War Book Review

Careful Analysis of Medical Statistics Builds a Model of Army Life

For those who enjoy statistical research as essential validation of historical writing, this epidemiological and medical analysis of the iconic Seventh Cavalry, one of forty regiments operating at the height of the American....

Model System Study Of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals Formation In A Semiconducting Polymer Modified Copper Clay System At Ambient Temperature, Ugwumsinachi G. Nwosu, Lavrent Khachatryan, Sang Gil Youm, Amitava Roy, Albert Leo N. Dela Cruz, Evgueni E. Nesterov, Barry Dellinger, Robert L. Cook

Faculty Publications

This paper systematically investigates how environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed in a phenol contaminated model soil. Poly-p-phenylene (PPP) modified and copper-loaded montmorillonite (MMT) clays were developed and used as models of soil organic matter and the clay mineral component, respectively, with phenol being employed as a precursor pollutant. The polymer modification of the clays was carried out via surface-confined Kumada catalyst-transfer chain-growth polymerization. The presence and location of the polymer were confirmed by a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction data. EPFRs were formed by the Cu(ii)-clay (Cu(ii)CaMMT) and poly-p-phenylene-Cu(ii)clay (PPP-Cu(ii)CaMMT) composite systems under …

Model System Study Of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals Formation In A Semiconducting Polymer Modified Copper Clay System At Ambient Temperature, Ugwumsinachi G. Nwosu, Lavrent Khachatryan, Sang Gil Youm, Amitava Roy, Albert Leo N. Dela Cruz, Evgueni E. Nesterov, Barry Dellinger, Robert L. Cook

Faculty Publications

This paper systematically investigates how environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed in a phenol contaminated model soil. Poly-p-phenylene (PPP) modified and copper-loaded montmorillonite (MMT) clays were developed and used as models of soil organic matter and the clay mineral component, respectively, with phenol being employed as a precursor pollutant. The polymer modification of the clays was carried out via surface-confined Kumada catalyst-transfer chain-growth polymerization. The presence and location of the polymer were confirmed by a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction data. EPFRs were formed by the Cu(ii)-clay (Cu(ii)CaMMT) and poly-p-phenylene-Cu(ii)clay (PPP-Cu(ii)CaMMT) composite systems under …

Implications Of Texture And Erodibility For Sediment Retention In Receiving Basins Of Coastal Louisiana Diversions, Kehui Xu, Samuel J. Bentley, Patrick Robichaux, Xiaoyu Sha, Haifei Yang

Faculty Publications

© 2015 by the authors. Although the Mississippi River deltaic plain has been the subject of abundant research over recent decades, there is a paucity of data concerning field measurement of sediment erodibility in Louisiana estuaries. Two contrasting receiving basins for active diversions were studied: West Bay on the western part of Mississippi River Delta and Big Mar, which is the receiving basin for the Caernarvon freshwater diversion. Push cores and water samples were collected at six stations in West Bay and six stations in Big Mar. The average erodibility of Big Mar sediment was similar to that of Louisiana …

Yale Medicine : Alumni Bulletin Of The School Of Medicine, Winter 2016, Yale University. School Of Medicine

Yale Medicine Magazine - alumni bulletin and magazine

This is the Winter 2016 issue of Yale Medicine: alumni bulletin of the School of Medicine, v. 50, no. 2. Prepared in cooperation with the alumni and development offices at the School of Medicine. Earlier volumes are called Yale School of Medicine alumni bulletins, dating from v.1 (1953) through v.13 (1965).

Molecular And Genetic Properties Of Breast Cancer Associated With Local Immune Activity, Anton Safonov

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The causes of high versus low, or absent, immune cell infiltration in breast cancer is unknown. The goals of this analysis were to examine if total mutation load, neoantigen load, copy number variations (CNV), gene-level or pathway level somatic mutations or germline polymorphisms (SNP) are associated with the level of immune infiltration measured by immune metagene expression levels. We used RNA-Seq, DNA copy number, mutation and germline SNP data from the TCGA representing n=627 ER+, n=207 HER2+ and n=191 TNBC cancers. 13 published immune metagenes were used in correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses performed separately for the 3 major …

Wind-Driven Flow Over Topography, Michael A. Spall

Journal of Marine Research

The space and time scales over which wind forcing can directly drive flows over regions of closed topographic contours are explored using an idealized numerical model and theory. It is shown that stratification limits the vertical scale of the mean flow but also results in an enhanced recirculation strength in shallow water by distorting the isopycnals in the bottom boundary layer. Time-dependent forcing can drive flows that extend deeper than the mean flow because the initial response is primarily barotropic. This response is limited at low frequencies by baroclinic Rossby wave propagation. It is expected that these wind-driven flows might …

Is Gay The New Asian?: Marriage Equality And The Dawn Of A New Model Minority, Stewart Chang

Scholarly Works

In this Article, Professor Chang analyzes the historic role of family in the politics of exclusion in the United States, evaluates the ways in which the stereotyping of Asian Americans as a model minority has perpetuated these politics, and warns against the possibility of a similar fate for gay and lesbian Americans. As a model minority, Asian Americans have been set as a standard against which other minority groups, particularly African Americans, are measured. Around the same time Asians were being extolled for their hard work and family values, Congress released the Moynihan report on the problem of broken families …

Alternative Conceptions Of Legal Rhetoric: Open Hand, Closed Fist, Linda L. Berger

Scholarly Works

An open-handed image of rhetoric presents an argument against the closed fist of logic and the “nasty, brutish, and short” depictions associated with legal rhetoric. In 1985, Robert Cover laid bare the field of pain and death where legal interpretation plays itself out in human consequences. Five years later, Gerald Wetlaufer described a landscape of brutal certainty as the backdrop for much of legal rhetoric. And the arena of criminal trials has long been recognizable as a bleak setting within which “[j]ustice determines blame and administers pain in a contest between the offender and the state . . .”

My …