Digital Commons Network^™

A Selective Impairment Of Perception Of Sound Motion Direction In Peripheral Space: A Case Study., Lore Thaler, Joseph Paciocco, Mark Daley, Gabriella D Lesniak, David W Purcell, J Alexander Fraser, Gordon N Dutton, Stephanie Rossit, Melvyn A Goodale, Jody C Culham

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

It is still an open question if the auditory system, similar to the visual system, processes auditory motion independently from other aspects of spatial hearing, such as static location. Here, we report psychophysical data from a patient (female, 42 and 44 years old at the time of two testing sessions), who suffered a bilateral occipital infarction over 12 years earlier, and who has extensive damage in the occipital lobe bilaterally, extending into inferior posterior temporal cortex bilaterally and into right parietal cortex. We measured the patient's spatial hearing ability to discriminate static location, detect motion and perceive motion direction in …

Carbon Isotope Discrimination In C3 Land Plants Is Independent Of Natural Variations In PCo2, M. J. Kohn

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The δ¹³C of terrestrial C3 plant tissues and soil organic matter is important for understanding the carbon cycle, inferring past climatic and ecological conditions, and predicting responses of vegetation to future climate change. Plant δ¹³C depends on the δ¹³C of atmospheric CO₂ and and mean annual precipitation (MAP), but an unresolved decades-long debate centres on whether terrestrial C3 plant δ¹³C responds to p_CO2. In this study, the p_CO2-dependence of C3 land plant δ¹³C was tested using isotopic records from low- and high-p_{CO …}

Uncoupling Caveolae From Intracellular Signaling In Vivo, Jan R. Kraehling, Zhengrong Hao, Monica Y. Lee, David J. Vinyard, Heino Velazquez, Xinran Liu, Radu V. Stan, Gary W. Brudvig, William C. Sessa

Faculty Publications

© 2016 Nature America, Inc. Rationale: Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) negatively regulates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase-derived NO production, and this has been mapped to several residues on Cav-1, including F92. Herein, we reasoned that endothelial expression of an F92ACav-1 transgene would let us decipher the mechanisms and relationships between caveolae structure and intracellular signaling. Objective: This study was designed to separate caveolae formation from its downstream signaling effects. Methods and Results: An endothelial-specific doxycycline-regulated mouse model for the expression of Cav-1-F92A was developed. Blood pressure by telemetry and nitric oxide bioavailability by electron paramagnetic resonance and phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein were …

The Fragility Of Ecological Pedagogy: Elementary Social Studies Standards And Possibilities Of New Materialism, Debbie Sonu, Nathan Snaza

Publications and Research

The greatest challenge facing the field of environmentalism includes ontological questions over the human subject and its desensitization from landscapes of experience. In this article the authors draw from field experiences in New York City elementary schools (such as observations of teachers, NYS Scope and Sequence Standards for Social Studies, and the Common Core State Standards) to demonstrate how curricular engagements with nature and the environment are persistently caught within humanist traditions that place agency and action as sovereign to humanness. It uses new materialist ontologies to suggest how hybrid relations among humans, nonhumans, and matter can be read by …

Polyfunctional Hiv-Specific Antibody Responses Are Associated With Spontaneous Hiv Control, Margaret E. Ackerman, Anastassia Mikhailova, Eric P. Brown, Karen G. Dowell, Bruce D. Walker, Chris Bailey-Kellogg, Todd J. Suscovich, Galit Alter

Dartmouth Scholarship

Elite controllers (ECs) represent a unique model of a functional cure for HIV-1 infection as these individuals develop HIV-specific immunity able to persistently suppress viremia. Because accumulating evidence suggests that HIV controllers generate antibodies with enhanced capacity to drive antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) that may contribute to viral containment, we profiled an array of extra-neutralizing antibody effector functions across HIV-infected populations with varying degrees of viral control to define the characteristics of antibodies associated with spontaneous control. While neither the overall magnitude of antibody titer nor individual effector functions were increased in ECs, a more functionally coordinated innate immune–recruiting response …

In Vitro Formation Of Neuroclusters In Microfluidic Devices And Cell Migration As A Function Of Stromal-Derived Growth Factor 1 Gradients, Sean Mccutcheon, Uchenna Unachukwu, Ankush Thakur, Robert Majeska, Stephen Redenti, Maribel Vazquez

Publications and Research

Central nervous system (CNS) cells cultured in vitro as neuroclusters are useful models of tissue regeneration and disease progression. However, the role of cluster formation and collective migration of these neuroclusters to external stimuli has been largely unstudied in vitro. Here, 3 distinct CNS cell types, medulloblastoma (MB), medulloblastoma-derived glial progenitor cells (MGPC), and retinal progenitor cells (RPC), were examined with respect to cluster formation and migration in response to Stromal-Derived Growth Factor (SDF-1). A microfluidic platform was used to distinguish collective migration of neuroclusters from that of individual cells in response to controlled concentration profiles of SDF-1. Cell …

Kdac8 With High Basal Velocity Is Not Activated By N-Acetylthioureas, Tasha B. Toro, Subramanya Pingali, Thao P. Nguyen, Destane S. Garrett, Kyra A. Dodson, Kyara A. Nichols, Rashad A. Haynes, Florastina Payton-Stewart, Terry J. Watt

Faculty and Staff Publications

Lysine deacetylases (KDACs) are enzymes that reverse the post-translational modification of lysine acetylation. Recently, a series of N-acetylthioureas were synthesized and reported to enhance the activity of KDAC8 with a fluorogenic substrate. To determine if the activation was general, we synthesized three of the most potent N-acetylthioureas and measured their effect with peptide substrates and the fluorogenic substrate under multiple reaction conditions and utilizing two enzyme purification approaches. No activation was observed for any of the three N-acetylthioureas under any assayed conditions. Further characteriza- tion of KDAC8 kinetics with the fluorogenic substrate yielded a k cat /K M of 164 …

Β-Arrestin 2 Promotes Hepatocyte Apoptosis By Inhibiting Akt Protein, Deling Yin, Xiaohua Yang, Hui Li, Huimin Fan, Xiaoli Zhang, Yimin Feng, Charles Stuart, Dan Hu, Yi Caudle, Nanchang Xie, Zhongmin Liu, Gene Lesage

ETSU Faculty Works

Recent studies reveal that multifunctional protein β-arrestin 2 (Arrb2) modulates cell apoptosis. Survival and various aspects of liver injury were investigated in WT and Arrb2KO mice after bile duct ligation (BDL). We found that deficiency of Arrb2 enhances survival and attenuates hepatic injury and fibrosis. Following BDL, Arrb2-deficient mice as compared with WT controls displayed a significant reduction of hepatocyte apoptosis as demonstrated by the TUNEL assay. Following BDL, the levels of phospho-Akt and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in the livers were significantly increased in Arrb2 KO compared with WT mice, although p-p38 increased in WT but not in …

Cell Phone Vs. Microphone: Judging Emotion In The Voice, Joshua Green

Master's Theses

Abstract

A remarkable amount of information is conveyed by the human voice. For example, the emotional state of a speaker is conveyed by vocal cues such as pitch and intensity, though as is true for other speech qualities, affect does not map onto auditory signals in a one-to-one fashion. Despite the widespread use of cell phone technology, there is still little information regarding how emotional states are conveyed during cell phone transmissions. In this study, listeners judged speech samples for their affective qualities. Samples were simultaneously recorded on a microphone and a cell phone, and endpoints of two emotional “continua,” …

Phlpp Negatively Regulates Cell Motility Through Inhibition Of Akt Activity And Integrin Expression In Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Alena J. Smith, Yang-An Wen, Payton D. Stevens, Jingpeng Liu, Chi Wang, Tianyan Gao

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is currently the fourth leading cause for cancer-related mortality. Malignant progression of pancreatic cancer depends not only on rapid proliferation of tumor cells but also on increased cell motility. In this study, we showed that increased PHLPP expression significantly reduced the rate of migration in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells whereas knockdown of PHLPP had the opposite effect. In addition, cell motility at the individual cell level was negatively regulated by PHLPP as determined using time-lapse imaging. Interestingly, the expression of β1 and β4 integrin proteins were decreased in PHLPP overexpressing cells and increased in PHLPP knockdown cells …

Stream Water Nitrogen Inputs Reflects Groundwater Across A Snowmelt-Dominated Montane-To-Urban Watershed, Steven J. Hall, Samantha R. Weintraub, David Eiriksson, Paul D. Brooks, Michelle A. Baker, Gabriel J. Bowen, David R. Bowling

Biology Faculty Publications

Snowmelt dominates the hydrograph of many temperate montane streams, yet little work has characterized how streamwater sources and nitrogen (N) dynamics vary across wildland to urban land use gradients in these watersheds. Across a third-order catchment in Salt Lake City, Utah, we asked where and when groundwater vs shallow surface water inputs controlled stream discharge and N dynamics. Stream water isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) reflected a consistent snowmelt water source during baseflow. Near-chemostatic relationships between conservative ions and discharge implied that groundwater dominated discharge year-round across the montane and urban sites, challenging the conceptual emphasis on direct stormwater inputs to …

Enhancement Of Synchronization In Inter-Intra-Connected Neuronal Networks, F. M. Moukam Kakmeni, V. M. Nguemaha

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

We study the enhancement of neural synchrony in a network of electrically coupled Hindmarsh Rose (HR) neurons. The behavior of the network under control by an external environment modeled by the Fitzhugh Nagumo (FN) is analyzed. Biologically, such a control system could mimic the modification of normal neuronal dynamics due to drugs or other chemical substances. We show that the environment could have as effect the suppression of chaos, enhancement of synchrony and favor interesting properties such as sub-threshold membrane oscillations, and oscillation death for relatively strong local coupling. Interestingly, we find that the electrical coupling between each two coupled …

Comparative Analysis Of Xenorhabdus Koppenhoeferi Gene Expression During Symbiotic Persistence In The Host Nematode, Ruisheng An, Parwinder Grewal

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Species of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria form mutualistic associations with Steinernema and Heterorhabditis nematodes, respectively and serve as model systems for studying microbe-animal symbioses. Here, we profiled gene expression of Xenorhabdus koppenhoeferi during their symbiotic persistence in the newly formed infective juveniles of the host nematode Steinernema scarabaei through the selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS). The obtained gene expression profile was then compared with other nematode-bacteria partnerships represented by Steinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora-Photorhabdus temperata. A total of 29 distinct genes were identified to be up-regulated and 53 were down-regulated in X. koppenhoeferi while in S. scarabaei infective …

Keeley Probes As A Tool For Uncovering Student Ideas: How Do Teachers Use Formative Assessment Probes To Plan And Adapt Instruction?, Kalin Tobler

Dissertations and Theses

Formative assessment probes, known as Keeley probes, are one tool teachers use to reveal students' scientific misconceptions, so that they can move them closer to conceptual understanding. The purpose of this research was to document how four elementary school teachers used formative assessment probes to plan and adapt instruction to improve student learning. Specifically:

• How did teachers choose appropriate probes? What learning goals did teachers hope to address by using the probe??
• What instructional sequences did teachers envision when planning to use a probe?
• What did teachers notice when analyzing student data from a probe?
• How did teachers use the …

Dna Markers Confirm Presence Of Euscorpius Avcii Tropea Et Al., 2012 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) On Samos Island, Greece, Aristeidis Parmakelis, Panayiota Kotsakiozi, Gioele Tropea, Ersen Aydın Yağmur, Iasmi Stathi, Victor Fet, Michael E. Soleglad

Euscorpius

Euscorpius avcii Tropea et al., 2012 has been recently described from Dilek Peninsula in western Anatolia (Turkey, Aydın Province). The population from Samos Island in eastern part of the Aegean Sea is found to match closely the Anatolian E. avcii, making it a new, rare species for the Greek fauna, confirmed by two DNA markers as well as morphology. Samos also shares with western Anatolia two other local recently described scorpion species, Iurus kinzelbachi and Neocalchas gruberi (family Iuridae).

Parts Of The Whole: Teaching Quantitative Reasoning In The Predator-Prey Model, Dorothy Wallace

Numeracy

The classical predator-prey equations are in nearly every differential equations text and mathematical biology text. Usually they are presented fait accompli, leaving the student to analyze them or play with a computer program. Here we show that the process of fully understanding where these equations come from and how they are derived provides numerous opportunities to teach or reinforce quantitative reasoning skills necessary to future scientists. This example is used to invoke logic, systems thinking, causal reasoning, understanding functions of one or more variables, quantities versus rates of change, proportional reasoning, unit analysis, and comparison to data.

Remembering Lynn Steen: A Steen-Numeracy Citation Index (2008-2015), H. L. Vacher

Numeracy

This editorial memorializes Lynn Arthur Steen (1941-2015) with a bibliographic resource that indexes all of his writings (papers, books, edited volumes, and papers contained therein) that are cited in papers in Numeracy. The citation index contains 67 cited works, each accompanied with a list of linked Numeracy papers that cite them. All told, there are 68 such citing papers (called sources); they cite the 67 cited works a total of 290 times and are listed alphabetically in a source index with links. The paired citation and source indexes provide a vehicle for easy browsing by which those familiar with …

Courtship And Mating In Heterometrus Petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae), Guo-Bin Jiao, Ming-Sheng Zhu

Euscorpius

Courtship and mating in Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae) was observed in the laboratory. In this paper the behavior components displayed in courtship and mating are identified, analyzed and discussed.

A New Species Of Tityus C. L. Koch, 1836 (Subgenus Brazilotityus Lourenço, 2006) From The Dominican Amber (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Wilson R. Lourenço

Euscorpius

Tityus (Brazilotiyus) hartkorni sp. n., a new species of fossil scorpion belonging to the genus Tityus C. L. Koch and to the subgenus Brazilotityus Lourenço, is described from a specimen in amber from the Dominican Republic. The new species is clearly associated with the extant fauna of the Neotropical region. This discovery attests to a considerable degree of diversity in the Dominican amber-producing forests.

Description Of A New Species Of Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) From Southеastеrn Turkey, Ersen Aydın Yağmur, Halil Koç, Kadir Boğaç Kunt

Euscorpius

Leiurus abdullahbayrami sp. nov. is described from Southeastern Turkey and compared with other species of the genus, in particular with L. quinquestriatus, which was previously misidentified from Turkey. The new species is readily distinguished from other members of the genus by pedipalp chela and metasomal segments that are distinctly shorter than in L. quinquestriatus; metasomal segment V has large and rounded lobes; trichobothrium db on the fixed finger of pedipalp is located between trichobothria est and esb (in L. quinquestriatus it is located between et and est). All known Turkish populations of Leiurus were examined and …

On Two Syntopic Species Of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) In And Nearby San Marco Fortress (Veneto, Italy): A Preliminary Investigation, Marco Colombo

Euscorpius

The author found syntopic specimens of Euscorpius italicus and E. tergestinus inside and nearby an abandoned fortress in Verona Province, Veneto, Italy. This discovery highlights a possibility of coexistence of congeneric species not only in the same territory, as already observed, but also in the same habitat and microhabitat, bringing some interesting questions about interspecific competition within the genus Euscorpius.

Sky Island Vaejovis: A New Species (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Richard F. Ayrey

Euscorpius

A new scorpion species, Vaejovis deboerae, sp. nov., is described and placed in the “mexicanus” group of the genus Vaejovis. They are small light yellowish brown scorpions found in the Santa Catalina Mountains, one of the sky islands of southern Arizona. They are closely related to V. vorhiesi Stahnke. The original description of V. vorhiesi Stahnke, 1940 and redescription (Graham, 2007), state that they are found in the Huachuca and Santa Catalina Mountains of southern Arizona. No specimens from the Santa Catalina Mountains were included in the redescription based on the lack of adequate material. The redescription …

Morphological Variation Of Mesobuthus Martensii (Karsch, 1879) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) In Northern China, Lu Zhang, Ming-Sheng Zhu

Euscorpius

Comparative statistical analysis of morphology of Mesobuthus martensii and Mesobuthus eupeus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) indicated highly significant differences between these two species. Mann-Whitney U test showed that: except Ca_L/AW, Ca_AW/PW and Met-V_L/H in female, Ca_AW/PW and Met-V_L/H in male, all morphometric ratios demonstrated significant differences between M. martensii and M. eupeus. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that M. martensii and M. eupeus are clearly different species in morphology. Three statistical analyses (Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA, PCA and cluster analysis) were applied to M.martensii from 27 confirmed localities in five provinces of northern China. The results suggested that: (a) Although M. martensii is …

Prey Capture Behavior In Heterometrus Petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae), Guo-Bin Jiao, Ming-Sheng Zhu

Euscorpius

Prey capture by Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpionidae) was observed in the laboratory. The behavior components displayed in prey capture were identified, compiled into a flow chart, analyzed and discussed.

A New Hottentotta Birula, 1908 From Afghanistan, With A Note On The Generic Position Of Mesobuthus Songi Lourenço, Qi Et Zhu, 2005 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Rolando Teruel, Jan Ove Rein

Euscorpius

A new species of Hottentotta Birula, 1908 is described from the Kabul area in Afghanistan; this addition represents the fifth species of this genus confirmed for this Middle East country. It is a member of the “Indian group” of the genus (the first one recorded from Afghanistan), and is most closely related to Hottentotta jabalpurensis Kovařík, 2007, Hottentotta stockwelli Kovařík, 2007, Hottentotta tamulus (Fabricius, 1798) and Hottentotta songi (Lourenço, Qi et Zhu, 2005) n. comb., which is herein demonstrated to be a member of Hottentotta and is thus formally transferred to this genus.

A New Lithophilic Compsobuthus Vachon, 1949 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) From Northern Oman, Graeme Lowe

Euscorpius

A new species of Compsobuthus is described from the Al Hajar mountains of northern Oman. It is distinguished by a strongly dorsoventrally compressed body, reduced carination on the carapace and tergites, extreme elongation of legs and pedipalps, lack of external accessory denticles on the pedipalp fingers, chelal trichobothrium est placed closer to dt than db, heavy setation on the ventral metasoma, and 28–34 pectine teeth. It is an ultralithophilic scorpion, highly adapted to life in narrow rock fissures.

A New Species Of Androctonus Ehrenberg, 1828 From Morocco (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Wilson R. Lourenço, Eric Ythier, Elise-Anne Leguin

Euscorpius

A new species of scorpion belonging to the genus Androctonus Ehrenberg, 1828 (family Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837), is described on the basis of one male and one female specimens collected at Sidi Smaïl in the Atlantic Coast of Morocco. With the description of Androctonus maroccanus sp. n., the total number of Androctonus species known to Morocco is raised to seven.

Etudes On Iurids, I. The Orthobothriotaxic Pattern Of Iuridae, With Observations On Neobothriotaxy In Genus Iurus (Scorpiones: Iuroidea), Michael E. Soleglad, František Kovařík, Victor Fet

Euscorpius

A unique orthobothriotaxic pattern of family Iuridae is examined and illustrated. Significant positional differences in this pattern between two monotypic iurid genera, Calchas and Iurus, are presented. With the analysis of over 100 specimens of genus Iurus, representing many localities in Greece and Turkey, several unique occurrences of neobothriotaxy involving both the chela and patella are discussed and illustrated, representing the first report of neobothriotaxy in family Iuridae.

Two New Hemiscorpius Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Hemiscorpiidae) From Northern Oman, Graeme Lowe

Euscorpius

Two new species of Hemiscorpius, H. falcifer, sp. nov. and H. flagelliraptor, sp. nov., are described from the Al Hajar Mountains of northern Oman. Although both are lithophilic or ultralithophilic scorpions beautifully adapted for living in rock crevices, they exhibit divergent morphologies and may not be closely related. H. falcifer is distinguished by: smaller size, relatively short compact metasoma, bulbous telson, relatively distal placement of lamellar double hook of hemispermatophore, pedipalp chela with wide, sub-triangular manus and exceptionally elongated fingers with single file dentition along distal half of movable finger (in adults); H. …

A New Species Of The Genus Oiclus Simon, 1880 (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae: Diplocentrinae) From Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles, Rolando Teruel, Léonard Chazal

Euscorpius

A new species of Oiclus Simon, 1880 is described from Guadeloupe in Lesser Antilles. It is closely related to Oiclus purvesii s. s. (Becker, 1880), and represents the first record of this genus from mainland Guadeloupe. The previous record of O. purvesii s. s. from Terre-de-Haut (Les Saintes, a small islet offshore Basse-Terre) is regarded as dubious, as it possibly refers to the new taxon herein described. Also, some topics on the taxonomy and distribution of this genus are briefly discussed.