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2016

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Profound Reduction In Tamoxifen Active Metabolite Endoxifen In A Breast Cancer Patient Treated With Rifampin Prior To Initiation Of An Anti-Tnfα Biologic For Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report, Sara L. Henderson, Wendy A. Teft, Richard B. Kim May 2016

Profound Reduction In Tamoxifen Active Metabolite Endoxifen In A Breast Cancer Patient Treated With Rifampin Prior To Initiation Of An Anti-Tnfα Biologic For Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report, Sara L. Henderson, Wendy A. Teft, Richard B. Kim

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Tamoxifen, a common anti-estrogen breast cancer medication, is a prodrug that undergoes bioactivation via cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP2D6 and to a lesser degree, CYP3A4 to form the active metabolite endoxifen. With an increasing use of oral anti-cancer drugs, the risk for drug-drug interactions mediated by enzyme inhibitors and inducers may also be expected to increase. Here we report the first case demonstrating a potent drug-drug interaction in a real-world clinical setting between tamoxifen and rifampin in a breast cancer patient being treated concurrently for ulcerative colitis. Case presentation: We describe a patient on adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer …

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Two A&S Students Get Fulbright Us Student Program Awards, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences May 2016

Two A&S Students Get Fulbright Us Student Program Awards, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

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Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals Changes In Histone H2b Variants As Cells Undergo Inorganic Arsenic-Mediated Cellular Transformation, Matthew Rea, Tingting Jiang, Rebekah Eleazer, Meredith Eckstein, Alan G. Marshall, Yvonne N. Fondufe-Mittendorf May 2016

Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals Changes In Histone H2b Variants As Cells Undergo Inorganic Arsenic-Mediated Cellular Transformation, Matthew Rea, Tingting Jiang, Rebekah Eleazer, Meredith Eckstein, Alan G. Marshall, Yvonne N. Fondufe-Mittendorf

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Exposure to inorganic arsenic, a ubiquitous environmental toxic metalloid, leads to carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism is unknown. Several studies have shown that inorganic arsenic exposure alters specific gene expression patterns, possibly through alterations in chromatin structure. While most studies on understanding the mechanism of chromatin-mediated gene regulation have focused on histone post-translational modifications, the role of histone variants remains largely unknown. Incorporation of histone variants alters the functional properties of chromatin. To understand the global dynamics of chromatin structure and function in arsenic-mediated carcinogenesis, analysis of the histone variants incorporated into the nucleosome and their covalent modifications is required. Here …

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If Our Gatekeepers Can't Function Properly, We Are Doomed, Barry Mauer May 2016

If Our Gatekeepers Can't Function Properly, We Are Doomed, Barry Mauer

UCF Forum

Andrew Wakefield, a British doctor who lost his medical license in 2010, falsely claimed in a 1998 scientific paper published in The Lancet that measles, mumps and rubella vaccines cause autism and Crohn’s disease. His claims, though bogus, were widely reported and led to a decline in vaccination rates and new outbreaks of measles and mumps.

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Rising Temperatures, Rising Stakes: The Role Of International Policy Negotiations In The Climate Crisis, Sarah M. Davis May 2016

Rising Temperatures, Rising Stakes: The Role Of International Policy Negotiations In The Climate Crisis, Sarah M. Davis

Student Theses 2015-Present

During the last two decades, a perceived lack of scientific consensus coupled with a trivialized need for environmental accountability has led to the entrenchment of a global phenomenon: political apathy. The principal forum for international climate change action has been the United Nations’ International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which has led to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and numerous international meetings of stakeholder nations. Although climate change agreements emphasizing carbon emission reduction have been reached through these international approaches, the standards intended to meet the obligations and objectives set by such agreements have failed repeatedly to be …

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The American Three Percent: The Politics And Economics Of Climate Disinformation, John S. Craig May 2016

The American Three Percent: The Politics And Economics Of Climate Disinformation, John S. Craig

Student Theses 2015-Present

I investigate the relationship between climate scientists that deny anthropogenic climate change, those supporting their research and perpetuating it, and how it has affected the way that climate policy has been enacted in the United States. For quantitative data, I look at various reports that major climate change skeptics have produced and/or are most cited by skeptic politicians and Think Tanks. I compare this data to that presented in the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report as well as other research that does support anthropogenic climate change. I also use research conducted by Exxon Mobil in the 80s …

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Validating Visibility And Voice: A Community-Based Participatory Research Study To Address The Health Access Of Cambodian Americans, Jack J. Lu May 2016

Validating Visibility And Voice: A Community-Based Participatory Research Study To Address The Health Access Of Cambodian Americans, Jack J. Lu

Doctoral Dissertations

Since 1975, Cambodians have sought survival in the United States by escaping from extreme forms of violence, torture, and other traumas from the Khmer Rouge genocide and refugee camps. Although some have lived within the United States for several decades, many Cambodian Americans continue to experience inadequate access to health that results in ongoing poor health outcomes, such as physical suffering, psychological distress, and premature death. Rooted in social determinants (e.g., social economic status, education, stress), these poor health outcomes have led to disproportionate rates of illness (i.e. health disparities) when compared to the general population. Improving health access, defined …

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Defining Single Molecular Forces Required For Notch Activation Using Nano Yoyo, Farhan Chowdhury, Isaac T. S. Li, Thuy Ngo, Benjamin J. Leslie, Byoung Kim, Joshua Sokoloski, Elizabeth Weiland, Xuefeng Wang, Yann Chemla, Timothy Lohman, Taekjip Ha May 2016

Defining Single Molecular Forces Required For Notch Activation Using Nano Yoyo, Farhan Chowdhury, Isaac T. S. Li, Thuy Ngo, Benjamin J. Leslie, Byoung Kim, Joshua Sokoloski, Elizabeth Weiland, Xuefeng Wang, Yann Chemla, Timothy Lohman, Taekjip Ha

Articles

Notch signaling, involved in development and tissue homeostasis, is activated at the cell-cell interface through ligand-receptor interactions. Previous studies have implicated mechanical forces in the activation of Notch receptor upon binding to its ligand. Here we aimed to determine the single molecular force required for Notch activation by developing a novel low tension gauge tether (LTGT). LTGT utilizes the low unbinding force between single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and E. coli ssDNA binding protein (SSB) (~4 pN dissociation force at 500 nm/s pulling rate). The ssDNA wraps around SSB and, upon application of force, unspools from SSB, much like the unspooling of …

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A Pilot Study Analyzing Solvents In Electronic Cigarette “E-Liquid” Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Austin Matranga, Olivia Sellers, Matthew Gartner May 2016

A Pilot Study Analyzing Solvents In Electronic Cigarette “E-Liquid” Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Austin Matranga, Olivia Sellers, Matthew Gartner

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Introduction: Electronic cigarettes, also known as an e-cigarette, are battery-powered devices that use a heating element to convert a liquid (“e-liquid”) into an inhalable aerosol. Their advertised use is as a nicotine delivery system minus the harmful chemicals. Since “e-liquids” and the electronic cigarettes are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, it is not well known under what conditions, if any, carcinogenic compounds are produced. There has been little research on the toxicity of electronic cigarettes. The aim of this study was to determine if formaldehyde or acetaldehyde are formed from the e-liquid by the high heat of …

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Ocean Acidification And Predator-Prey Relations: Correlating Disruption Of Predator Avoidance With Chemosensory Deficits, Alexandra Fw Sidun, William G. Wright May 2016

Ocean Acidification And Predator-Prey Relations: Correlating Disruption Of Predator Avoidance With Chemosensory Deficits, Alexandra Fw Sidun, William G. Wright

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

One of the most destructive effects of global climate change is the increased carbon sequestering and consequential acidification of our world’s oceans. The impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms are still relatively unknown, especially effects on behavioral ecology. Avoiding predation has emerged from recent behavioral ecology literature as a critical feature in the life history of a wide array of animal species; experiments on marine fishes suggest acidic water compromises their predator-avoidance abilities. Recent assays in our lab suggest predator-induced behavior is reduced by weakly acidic water. These experiments do not address the potential factor of generalized malaise caused …

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Maternal, Environmental, And Social Context Predicts Diarrheal Infection Incidence In Young Children In Sundarbans, India, Sohini Mukherjee, Laura M. Glynn May 2016

Maternal, Environmental, And Social Context Predicts Diarrheal Infection Incidence In Young Children In Sundarbans, India, Sohini Mukherjee, Laura M. Glynn

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Diarrheal infection is the third leading cause of childhood mortality in India and is responsible for 13% of all deaths per year in children under 5 years of age (Lakshaminarayan & Jayalakshmy, 2015). The Sundarbans in West Bengal is amongst the poorest regions of India and is the epitome of abject deprivation and the acute struggle against geographical and socioeconomic challenges. The incidence of diarrhea in this region is considerably high; about 42,000 reported cases occur per month, and one in five diarrhea cases are reported as severe (with blood in stool). In addition, 37% of children hospitalized for ailments …

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Connecting The Physiological And Behavioral Response To Heat Stress On A Warming Planet, Anastasia Kalyta May 2016

Connecting The Physiological And Behavioral Response To Heat Stress On A Warming Planet, Anastasia Kalyta

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Intertidal communities are considered good models of the biological effects of climate change on ecosystems, as their resident organisms are subjected to heat spells during daytime low tides. The increasing heat exposure can elicit behavioral as well as physiological responses in intertidal organisms. We studied the relationship between these responses to heat stress in the blue-banded hermit crab, Pagurus samuelis, by inducing a “heat shock” with elevated water temperature of 29 °C for 2.5 h. The behavioral effect of heat-shock was quantified using a 30-minute feeding assay, measuring the mass of a standard squid pellet consumed by individual hermit crabs. …

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Destruction Of Opportunistic Pathogens Via Polymer Nanoparticle-Mediated Release Of Plant-Based Antimicrobial Payloads, Dahlia N. Amato, Douglas V. Amato, Olga V. Mavrodi, Dwaine A. Braasch, Susan E. Walley, Jessica R. Douglas, Dmitri V. Mavrodi, Derek L. Patton May 2016

Destruction Of Opportunistic Pathogens Via Polymer Nanoparticle-Mediated Release Of Plant-Based Antimicrobial Payloads, Dahlia N. Amato, Douglas V. Amato, Olga V. Mavrodi, Dwaine A. Braasch, Susan E. Walley, Jessica R. Douglas, Dmitri V. Mavrodi, Derek L. Patton

Faculty Publications

The synthesis of antimicrobial thymol/carvacrol‐loaded polythioether nanoparticles (NPs) via a one‐pot, solvent‐free miniemulsion thiol‐ene photopolymerization process is reported. The active antimicrobial agents, thymol and carvacrol, are employed as “solvents” for the thiol‐ene monomer phase in the miniemulsion to enable facile high capacity loading (≈50% w/w), excellent encapsulation efficiencies (>95%), and elimination of all postpolymerization purification processes. The NPs serve as high capacity reservoirs for slow‐release and delivery of thymol/carvacrol‐combination payloads that exhibit inhibitory and bactericidal activity (>99.9% kill efficiency at 24 h) against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria, including both saprophytic (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Escherichia coli …

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Volume 53, Number 39: May 11, 2016, University Of North Dakota May 2016

Volume 53, Number 39: May 11, 2016, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

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Advances In Ophthalmic Techniques And Technology: What Should I Note When Assessing The Retinal Vasculature?, Sa Mroczkowska May 2016

Advances In Ophthalmic Techniques And Technology: What Should I Note When Assessing The Retinal Vasculature?, Sa Mroczkowska

School of Health Professions

Introduction The retinal vasculature is unique in that, unlike any other systemic vascular bed, it can be assessed directly and non-invasively in vivo. Optometrists routinely evaluate the state of the retina and its microvasculature as part of any normal ophthalmic assessment and if considered carefully, such an evaluation has the potential to provide a unique insight into general vascular health. Advances in imaging technology have enhanced our ability to evaluate and document changes in the retinal vasculature over time and the recent introduction of new objective retinal image analysis techniques has the potential to significantly improve the accuracy and usability …

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Mentors Needed To Support Application For Beckman Scholars Award, Traci Bratton May 2016

Mentors Needed To Support Application For Beckman Scholars Award, Traci Bratton

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

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The First Hominin From The Early Pleistocene Paleocave Of Haasgat, South Africa, Ab Leece, Anthony D T Kegley, Rodrigo S. Lacruz, Andy I R Herries, Jason Hemingway, Lazarus Kgasi, Stephany Potze, Justin W. Adams May 2016

The First Hominin From The Early Pleistocene Paleocave Of Haasgat, South Africa, Ab Leece, Anthony D T Kegley, Rodrigo S. Lacruz, Andy I R Herries, Jason Hemingway, Lazarus Kgasi, Stephany Potze, Justin W. Adams

Peer Reviewed Articles

Haasgat is a primate-rich fossil locality in the northeastern part of the Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here we report the first hominin identified from Haasgat, a partial maxillary molar (HGT 500), that was recovered from an ex situ calcified sediment block sampled from the locality. The in situ fossil bearing deposits of the Haasgat paleokarstic deposits are estimated to date to slightly older than 1.95 Ma based on magnetobiostratigraphy. This places the hominin specimen at a critical time period in South Africa that marks the last occurrence of Australopithecus around 1.98 Ma and the …

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Determining The Role Of Erbeta In The Activation Of Erk1/2 By The Environmental Estrogens, Cadmium Chloride And Sodium Arsenite, In Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells, Jeffrey Hyzer May 2016

Determining The Role Of Erbeta In The Activation Of Erk1/2 By The Environmental Estrogens, Cadmium Chloride And Sodium Arsenite, In Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells, Jeffrey Hyzer

Undergraduate Theses

Estrogen is involved in the proliferation of adenocarcinoma lung cells. However, the proliferative role of two endocrine disrupters, cadmium chloride and sodium arsenite, in lung adenocarcinoma is less clear. Previous studies have shown that these two heavy metals can induce cellular proliferation and activate phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in a human lug adenocarcinoma cell line, NCI-H1793. Induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by these compounds is decreased in the presence of an estrogen receptor antagonist, ICI-182,780, suggesting that cadmium and arsenite stimulate these responses, in part, via a non-genomic estrogen signaling pathway. There are three known estrogen receptors, but it is unclear which …

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Spectator 2016-05-11, Editors Of The Spectator May 2016

Spectator 2016-05-11, Editors Of The Spectator

The Spectator

No abstract provided.

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Discrete But Variable Structure Of Animal Societies Leads To The False Perception Of A Social Continuum, Dustin R. Rubenstein, Carlos A. Botero, Eileen A. Lacey May 2016

Discrete But Variable Structure Of Animal Societies Leads To The False Perception Of A Social Continuum, Dustin R. Rubenstein, Carlos A. Botero, Eileen A. Lacey

Biology Faculty Research

Animal societies are typically divided into those in which reproduction within a group is monopolized by a single female versus those in which it is shared among multiple females. It remains controversial, however, whether these two forms of social structure represent distinct evolutionary outcomes or endpoints along a continuum of reproductive options. To address this issue and to determine whether vertebrates and insects exhibit the same patterns of variation in social structure, we examined the demographic and reproductive structures of 293 species of wasps, ants, birds and mammals. Using phylogenetically informed comparative analyses, we found strong evidence indicating that not …

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Eco-Spirituality: Case Studies On Hinduism And Environmentalism In Contemporary India, Vikram Vishnu Shenoy May 2016

Eco-Spirituality: Case Studies On Hinduism And Environmentalism In Contemporary India, Vikram Vishnu Shenoy

Honors Theses

India, with its population of 1.3 billion people, is one of the world's fastest growing countries both in terms of population and economy. One consequence of such rapid growth is that India now has levels of environmental pollution that are unprecedented in scale. Hinduism, India's majority religion, is the primary focus of this research. Hinduism is a religious tradition whose roots lie in the ancient Sanskrit Vedas. The Vedas, along with the Upanishads and Puranas, hold teachings of nurturing, caring, and protecting all aspects of the natural world. The cultural dynamics of India have drastically changed over the past two …

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Independent Study: Microfluidic Channel For Acoustic Particle Manipulation, Stefanie T. Shahan, J. Mark Meacham May 2016

Independent Study: Microfluidic Channel For Acoustic Particle Manipulation, Stefanie T. Shahan, J. Mark Meacham

Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Independent Study

To study acoustic microfluidic particle manipulation, a microfluidic channel was designed in Autocad and fabricated in a silicon wafer using potassium hydroxide etching and other cleanroom techniques. The first channel created was destructively tested and its fabrication techniques characterized; future channel development is outlined.

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Celebrating Student Achievement At Annual Honors Convocation On May 17, Kim Wall May 2016

Celebrating Student Achievement At Annual Honors Convocation On May 17, Kim Wall

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

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Biology Student Bruce Rheaume Named Student Speaker At Unh Manchester’S 2016 Commencement Ceremony, Kassidy Taylor May 2016

Biology Student Bruce Rheaume Named Student Speaker At Unh Manchester’S 2016 Commencement Ceremony, Kassidy Taylor

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

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Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles For Sensitive And Selective Detection Of Palladium (Pd2+), Sichen Zhang May 2016

Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles For Sensitive And Selective Detection Of Palladium (Pd2+), Sichen Zhang

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

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A New Approach To Measuring Helicopter Parenting: The Multidimensional Helicopter Parenting Scale, Hayley Love May 2016

A New Approach To Measuring Helicopter Parenting: The Multidimensional Helicopter Parenting Scale, Hayley Love

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to find a way to measure helicopter parenting that directly reflects its conceptual definition that has been established by Cline and Fay (1990). Literature has pointed to several parenting dimensions that constitute helicopter parenting (Kins & Soenens, 2013; Klein & Pierce, 2009). Rather than looking at helicopter parenting as a qualitatively distinct approach to parenting, this study attempted to show that parenting dimensions established in existing literature are what constitutes helicopter parenting. Helicopter parenting should be looked at as falling on an extreme end of the spectrum of different parenting dimensions. A total of …

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Gluten-Free And Casein-Free Dietary Intervention For Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Avalon Derlacki May 2016

Gluten-Free And Casein-Free Dietary Intervention For Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Avalon Derlacki

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

In the United States, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had a prevalence of 1 in 150 children in 2000. In the year 2012, the prevalence of ASD in the United States jumped to 1 in 68 children (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Due to the increase in diagnoses of ASD, researchers have sought out different ways to help decrease maladaptive symptoms associated with ASD’s. Many parents of children diagnosed with ASD administer a gluten-free and casein-free (GFCF) diet to their children in hopes of reducing their maladaptive symptoms. The project hypothesis states that if a child under the age …

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The Millikan Oil Drop Experiment: A Simulation Suitable For Classroom Use, Benjamin Hogan, Javier E. Hasbun May 2016

The Millikan Oil Drop Experiment: A Simulation Suitable For Classroom Use, Benjamin Hogan, Javier E. Hasbun

Georgia Journal of Science

Due to advancements in computing techniques it has become possible to extend the accessibility of physics experiments across the physics curriculum by means of computational simulations. The widespread availability of computers in modern classrooms provides virtual access to hands-on physics, chemistry, and biology experiments, among others. Here, specifically, we consider Robert Millikan’s famous oil drop experiment. This experiment requires equipment that can be dangerous and expensive. A more practical approach is achieved via a computer simulation, a useful and a universally available alternative. The goal is to encourage scientific thinking, literacy, and innovation while promoting a free network of academic …

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Anxiety Break: A Smartphone Application Used To Examine The Mediating Effects Of Metacognition On Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Devon L. Ruhde May 2016

Anxiety Break: A Smartphone Application Used To Examine The Mediating Effects Of Metacognition On Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Devon L. Ruhde

Honors Theses

Worry is the highlight characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). While worry is very common in anxiety disorders, it is important to note that worry is common in non-clinical populations as well. The current study focused on the metacognitive model of GAD (Wells, 2005). Various intervention types available for those with GAD have been examined. However, with the surge of technological advances being integrated into the field of psychology, it is important to examine technology-based treatments, more specifically smartphone application interventions. The purpose of the current study was to use a smartphone application (Anxiety Breaks; Habib, 2013) that targets worry …

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Bioswales For Stormwater Remediation And Infiltration: Assessing Regulatory Climate And Quantifying Filtration Capacity Of A Claremont Bioswale, Skyler Lewis, Boyu Liu, Paul Picciano, Liana Solis, Char Miller May 2016

Bioswales For Stormwater Remediation And Infiltration: Assessing Regulatory Climate And Quantifying Filtration Capacity Of A Claremont Bioswale, Skyler Lewis, Boyu Liu, Paul Picciano, Liana Solis, Char Miller

Environmental Analysis Program Senior Projects

Watershed management is critical in ensuring a sustainable water supply. This project is designed to assess the impact of bioswales in the context of Southern California’s climate. The patterns of droughts and floods make these green infrastructure appealing as they offer potential to boost water quality and regenerate local aquifers, while reducing the area of impermeable surfaces in our urban landscape. As bioswales have not been commonly incorporated into infrastructure development, our project focuses on a relatively new bioswale, added in 2012 and located on Pomona College’s campus, to serve as our case study in determining the viability of bioswales …

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