Digital Commons Network^™

Mainstreaming ‘Sustainable Food’ As A Health Issue? A Workshop To Share Best Practice In Sustainable Public Health Food Policy, C Pettinger, E Atherton

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Derivation Of Water Quality Guidelines For Priority Pharmaceuticals, A Kumar, Ge Batley, B Nidumolu, Th Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Pharmaceuticals can enter freshwater and affect aquatic ecosystem health. Although toxicity tests have been carried out for the commonly used pharmaceuticals, evidence-based water quality guidelines have not been derived. High-reliability water quality guideline values have been derived for 4 pharmaceuticals-carbamazepine, diclofenac, fluoxetine, and propranolol-in freshwaters using a Burr type III distribution applied to species sensitivity distributions of chronic toxicity data. Data were quality-assured and had to meet acceptability criteria for "chronic" no-observed-effect concentrations or concentrations affecting 10% of species, endpoints of population relevance (namely, effect endpoints based on development, growth, reproduction, and survival). Biomarker response data (e.g., biochemical, histological, or …

Exploring The Importance Of ‘Sustainability Principles’ For Dietetic Practice And How To Streamline These Into The Dietetic Curriculum- A Scoping Review Of The Possibilities, Clare Pettinger, W Miller, Harriet Dismore, R Horsfall, E Atheron

School of Health Professions

This small-scale scoping project aimed to explore how ‘sustainability’ is understood within the dietetic profession and curriculum, and how ‘sustainability principles’ can be better embedded. Background/context to project: Understanding the many complexities of the human, social and ecological implications of climate change and their impact on the food system and food security is a real challenge for the dietetic profession. The evidence base for this emerging area needs, therefore, to be strengthened to ensure the profession is fully equipped with the competencies and skills required to embrace these wider ecological issues. This small scale exploratory project provides a starting point …

Differences In The Timing Of Cardio-Respiratory Development Determine Whether Marine Gastropod Embryos Survive Or Die In Hypoxia., Tabitha S. Rudin-Bitterli, John I. Spicer, Simon D. Rundle

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Physiological plasticity of early developmental stages is a key way by which organisms can survive and adapt to environmental change. We investigated developmental plasticity of aspects of the cardio-respiratory physiology of encapsulated embryos of a marine gastropod,Littorina obtusata, surviving exposure to moderate hypoxia (PO2 =8 kPa) and compared the development of these survivors with that of individuals that died before hatching. Individuals surviving hypoxia exhibited a slower rate of development and altered ontogeny of cardio-respiratory structure and function compared with normoxic controls (PO2 >20 kPa). The onset and development of the larval and adult hearts were delayed in chronological time …

An Evaluation Framework To Determine The Impact Of The Lyme Bay Fisheries And Conservation Reserve And The Activities Of The Lyme Bay Consultative Committee On Ecosystem Services And Human Wellbeing., Se Rees, M Ashley, L Evans, S Mangi, L Rodwell, M Attrill, O Langmead, E Sheehan, A Rees

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Whittard Canyon - A Case Study Of Submarine Canyon Processes, T. Amaro, V. A.I. Huvenne, A. L. Allcock, T. Aslam, J. S. Davies, R. Danovaro, Stigter Hc De, G. C.A. Duineveld, C. Gambi, A. J. Gooday, L. M. Gunton, R. Hall, K. L. Howell, J. Ingels, K. Kiriakoulakis, C. E. Kershaw, M. S.S. Lavaleye, K. Robert, H. Stewart, Rooij D Van, M. White, A. M. Wilson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Impacts Of High-Protein Oral Nutritional Supplements Among Malnourished Men And Women With Sarcopenia: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Controlled Trial, Joel T. Cramer, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Francesco Landi, Mary Hickson, Mauro Zamboni, Suzette L. Pereira, Deborah S. Hustead, Vikkie A. Mustad

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Potential For Aerobic Exercise To Release Growth Factors To Induce Cognitive Changes In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Maya Harrington

UROP Posters

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is becoming increasingly prevalent among adolescents, and while the number of individuals diagnosed with the disorder grows, there continues to be no cure or even a clear treatment path for ASD. This study analyzes the biological stimulations that create cognitive changes—which are induced by intensive aerobic exercise—within the brains of individuals ages 8-18 diagnosed with autism. I studied journal articles on the current treatments available for ASD, the increasing prevalence of the disease, the cognitive alterations of the autistic brain relative to the brains of individuals without the disease, the release of growth factors due to …

Risk Factors Associated With First-Year College Dropout, Tiffany K. Ho, Divya Krishna

UROP Posters

Previous research has shown that a variety of factors can impact college student’s academic performance, including healthy nutrition, physical activity, substance use, smoking, early sexual activity, bullying, excessive television watching, internet use, and playing video games. The purpose of the current study was to explore possible predictors of dropout in students after their first year of college. Data came from the Spit for Science sample and were limited to individuals in the first three cohorts that answered the survey during the fall of their freshmen year (N=6105). Logistic regression was used to test a variety of risk factors, including mental/behavior …

Understanding The Routes Of Contamination Of Ready-To-Eat Vegetables In The Middle East, Dima Faour-Klingbeil, Muhammad Murtada, Victor Kuri, Ewen C.D. Todd

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Transfer Rate Of Salmonella Typhimurium From Contaminated Parsley To Other Consecutively Chopped Batches Via Cutting Boards Under Different Food Handling Scenarios, Dima Faour-Klingbeil, Victor Kuri, Ewen Todd

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Microbiological Quality Of Ready-To-Eat Fresh Vegetables And Their Link To Food Safety Environment And Handling Practices In Restaurants, Dima Faour-Klingbeil, Ewen C.D. Todd, Victor Kuri

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

he increased consumption of ready-to-eat salads outside homes as a result of a fast paced lifestyle, awareness on their nutritional attributes and enhanced processing technology is well documented. This study aimed to determine the microbiological quality of fresh-cut salads vegetables in small and medium sized foodservice establishments (SMEs) and to identify risk factors and handling practices through observational assessment in order to investigate if an association between microbiological quality and visual assessment (inspection) scores can be established. A total of 118 samples fresh-cut vegetable salads were collected from 50 inspected locations and analysed microbiologically, in addition to 49 swabs of …

Short Duration Small Sided Football And To A Lesser Extent Whole Body Vibration Exercise Induce Acute Changes In Markers Of Bone Turnover, J. L. Bowtell, S. R. Jackman, S. Scott, L. J. Connolly, M. Mohr, G. Ermidis, R. Julian, F. Yousefian, E. W. Helge, N. R. Jørgensen, J. Fulford, K. M. Knapp, P. Krustrup

School of Health Professions

We aimed to study whether short-duration vibration exercise or football sessions of two different durations acutely changed plasma markers of bone turnover and muscle strain. Inactive premenopausal women (n=56) were randomized to complete a single bout of short (FG15) or long duration (FG60) small sided football or low magnitude whole body vibration training (VIB). Procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) was increased during exercise for FG15 (51.6±23.0 to 56.5±22.5 μg·L−1, mean ± SD, P<0.05) and FG60 (42.6±11.8 to 50.2±12.8 μg·L−1, P<0.05) but not for VIB (38.8±15.1 to 36.6±14.7 μg·L−1, P>0.05). An increase in osteocalcin was observed 48 h after exercise (P<0.05), which did not differ between exercise groups. C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen was not affected by exercise. Blood lactate concentration increased during exercise for FG15 (0.6±0.2 to 3.4±1.2 mM) and FG60 (0.6±0.2 to 3.3±2.0 mM), but not for VIB (0.6±0.2 to 0.8±0.4 mM) (P<0.05). Plasma creatine kinase increased by 55±63% and 137±119% 48 h after FG15 and FG60 (P<0.05), but not after VIB (26±54%, NS). In contrast to the minor elevation in osteocalcin in response to a single session of vibration exercise, both short and longer durations of small sided football acutely increased plasma P1NP, osteocalcin, and creatine kinase. This may contribute to favorable effects of chronic training on musculoskeletal health.

Farmers’ Perception On The Health And Environmental Benefits Of Organic Rice Production In The Philippines: Implications For Further Policy Research, Guinevere T. Madlangbayan, Agnes C. Rola

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

Conventional rice production with the use of chemicals was found to have negative externalities both to the farmers’ health and the farming environment. Organic agriculture technologies were developed to minimize such impacts. This paper explores the empirical support of the health and environmental benefits of organic agriculture by generating data from a survey of rice farmers and focus group discussions in rice farming communities. The respondents came from rice farming areas in the country where early adoptors of the organic rice farming system were located. The results of the analysis suggest that farmers fail to recognize the relationship between the …

Persistence Of Poverty Among The Badjaos Of Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, Armm, Philippines, Kuraiza Usman, Rowena Dt. Baconguis

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

The study sought to understand the persistence of poverty among the Badjao people in Tawi-Tawi, Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), Philippines. Considered the poorest in their communities, Badjaos are Sea Gypsies of Sulu and Celebes seas who are scattered in different coastal areas in Mindanao. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the educational background, psychological outlook, economic, nutrition and health conditions, political and social capabilities, and access to government services of the Badjaos. These factors are referred to as conditions that facilitate or hinder mobility in society. Thus, their absence can further bind people in a state of poverty …

Promoting Mental Health And Preventing Mental Illness In General Practice, Kurt C. Stange

Faculty Scholarship

This paper calls for the routine integration of mental health promotion and prevention into UK General Practice in order to reduce the burden of mental and physical disorders and the ensuing pressure on General Practice. The proposals & the resulting document (https://ethicscharity. files.wordpress.com/2015/09/rcgp_keymsg_150925_v5.pdf) arise from an expert ‘Think Tank’ convened by the London Journal of Primary Care, Educational Trust for Health Improvement through Cognitive Strategies (ETHICS Foundation) and the Royal College of General Practitioners. It makes 12 recommendations for General Practice: (1) Mental health promotion and prevention are too important to wait. (2) Work with your community to map risk …

Voluntary Wheel Running Improves Recovery From Muscle Disuse In Mice, Matthew J. Brooks

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The reloading of atrophied muscles from weightlessness or disuse results in injury and prolonged recovery. Satellite cells, or muscle stem cells, have a key role in facilitating injury-induced muscle repair but have not been shown to be required in muscle remodeling following atrophy. However, it has been less clear if low-impact exercise, such as voluntary wheel running, could provide a sufficient stimulus to enhance muscle recovery from atrophy through satellite cell activation. This study aimed to determine if voluntary wheel running improved recovery from muscle disuse following hindlimb suspension unloading (HSU), and if the recovery was associated with exercise-induced satellite …

The Relationship Between Plasma Osmolarity And Feed Efficiency In Beef Cattle And Effect Of Feeding Cows Medicated Feed Through Mineral Containing Altosidrtm Igr On The Growth Of Beef Calves, Taylor Diane Harrison

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dietary cation-anion modification in cattle has effects on productivity through various means. Alterations of dietary cation-anion balances has been shown to affect plasma osmolarity. Plasma osmolarity is directly related to renal function and metabolism in all animals. In a feeding operation with a single diet fed to a similar population of animals, plasma osmolarity should fall within a somewhat normal range (approximately 270-310 mOsm). However, subtle, yet very distinguishable differences will exist between animals. In theory, variances in osmolarity may reflect differences in metabolism and as such, efficiency of feed utilization. Many researchers believe that utilizing residual feed intake (RFI) …

Feeding Soy Protein Isolate Andor Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On The Spleen-Liver Axis In A Female Rat Model Of Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease With Liver Steatosis, Lauren Gibson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

ABSTRACT Feeding Soy Protein Isolate and/or Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Spleen-Liver Axis in a Female Rat Model of Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease with Liver Steatosis Lauren Brooke Gibson Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a congenital hepatorenal fibrocystic syndrome with a mortality rate of 30% during the first year of life. The most common extra-renal manifestation of ARPKD is liver disease with a greater rate in females due to their higher estrogen levels. Abnormal spleen enlargement (splenomegaly) has been found to occur in 60% of ARPKD patients. In the absence of effective medications to treat the …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Various Modalities To Improve Arterial Stiffness, Corey Moore

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increase in cardiovascular (CV) mortality, partially due to arterial stiffening, which can be measured non-invasively via pulse wave velocity (PWV). Arterial stiffness is a clinically relevant CV marker of mortality, an increase in PWV by only 1 SD is associated with an increased CV risk of 15%. Land based aerobic exercise, both chronic and acute, has previously been identified as an effective method for improving arterial health. Unfortunately, land based aerobic exercise is not feasible for all populations, therefore a more effective treatment modality must be elucidated. Aquatic exercise has previously been shown …

The Relative Importance Of Tree And Stand Properties In Susceptibility To Spruce Beetle Outbreak In The Mid-20th Century, Felicia Bakaj, Nathan Mietkiewicz, Thomas T. Veblen, Dominik Kulakowski

Geography

Tree susceptibility to potentially lethal agents is determined not only by attributes of individual trees, but also by neighborhood effects at a range of scales. For example, effects of disturbances on individual trees are often contingent on the size, configuration, and other properties of neighboring trees. Wildfires can modify postfire properties of individual trees as well as of entire forest stands, both of which can affect subsequent ecological processes, including subsequent disturbances. In recent years, much has been learned about how disturbances interact, but numerous questions concerning underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. For example, the relative importance of forest properties at …

Distal Determinants Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Amna Umer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. West Virginia (WV) has one of the highest prevalence of CVD in the United States. The first two studies examined the association between perinatal risk factors (birth weight (BTW) and breastfeeding) and subsequent childhood and maternal CVD risk factors 11 years post-partum. The purpose of the third study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the evidence regarding the relationship between childhood obesity and adult CVD risk factors.;Method: We used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets in WV for the first …

Vegetables, Fruits & Herbs Book, Utah State University

All Current Publications

This book is a compilation of 58 researched-based fact sheets written and compiled by Utah State University faculty and students. For more gardening resources provided by USU Extension please visit our gardening website at garden.usu.edu.

The Role Of Rehabilitation In Cancer Treatment, Jennifer C. Smith

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

No abstract provided.

Relationship Between Stress-Recovery State And Running Performance In Men's Collegiate Soccer, Nicholas A. Coker

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in running performance and the stress-recovery state in Division I collegiate soccer players. Methods: Running performance was evaluated in eight NCAA Division I male soccer players (179.39 ± 5.24 cm; 75.46 ± 5.98 kg; 20.37 ± 1.41 yrs.) over the course of 12 games during a single competitive season. The 12 games were divided into four blocks [B1(n=3), B2(n=3), B3(n=3), and B4(n=3)]. Running performance and game load were assessed using a wearable physiological harness and Global Positioning System (GPS) module. Game load, absolute distance, and distance covered …

Does An Oral Health Education Program Increase Oral Health Literacy And Access To Dental Care In A Refugee Population?, Romana Muller

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

"Purpose: To assess oral health literacy (OHL) of refugees in St. Louis, Missouri and evaluate the effect of an oral health education program on OHL and oral health perceptions. Methods: The three-phase non-experimental quantitative research included a group of 52 refugees : implementation of an oral health education program and a pretest/posttest analysis of two surveys; a Socio-demographic Survey and Oral Health Perceptions of Refugees ; and an Estimate of Oral Health Literacy-Bilingual 40 (EOHL-BL40). Results: Participants scored higher on EOHL-BL40 Posttest 1 with a mean of 28.61 (SE=2.41) versus Pretest with a mean of 15.29 (SE = 1.24). Good …

Research Needs: Career And Technical Education, Michael F. Kosloski Jr., John M. Ritz

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

Research is an important component of each professional field. This study sought to determine topics that needed further research in the school subjects known as career and technical education. It determined topics that needed to be researched related to high school career and technical education (CTE) and the preparation for teaching CTE in secondary schools. A fourround Delphi study methodology was selected to use to determine this set of research needs. Sixteen research needs with descriptions were identified and consensus was achieved on their importance to conducting future research studies. The research needs included 11 items related to high school …

The Discourse: Doing It Differently– The Oreo Princess Campaign, Nida Aslam Khan, Jami Moiz

Business Review

Using the three rhetorical elements of Aristotle’s model of persuasive communication, namely, Ethos, Pathos and Logos, this article evaluates how the Oreo Princess Campaign has affected existing norms of communication and advertising in Pakistan.

Evaluation Of The Uptake And Impact Of Neonatal Vitamin A Supplementation Delivered Through The Lady Health Worker Programme On Neonatal And Infant Morbidity And Mortality In Rural Pakistan: An Effectiveness Trial, Sajid Soofi, Shabina Ariff, Kamran Sadiq, Atif Habib, Zaid Bhatti, Imran Ahmad, Masawar Hussain, Nabeela Ali, Simon Cousens, Zulfiqar A Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Despite evidence for the benefits of vitamin A supplementation (VAS) among children 6 to 59 months of age, the feasibility of introduction and potential benefit of VAS in the neonatal period in public health programmes is uncertain. Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of early neonatal VAS (single dose of 50 000 international units within 48–72 hours after birth) delivered through the public sector Lady Health Worker (LHW) programme in rural Pakistan and to document its association with a reduction in mortality at 6 months of age.
Methods: A community-based, cluster randomised, …

Asia Pacific Perspectives Vol. 14 No. 1, Fall 2016, University Of San Francisco

Asia Pacific Perspectives

Contents:

Editor's Introduction by Melissa Dale

This special issue presents five papers focused on themes related to the social history of medicine and contemporary cultural understandings of disease and patients' lived experiences in the Asia Pacific.

Rethinking Breast Mountain (Yuam): Surgical Treatments of Breast Cancer in South Korea, 1959-1993 by Soyoung Suh

This article analyzes premodern Korean medical treatises, professional surgical journals, and patient memoirs to expand our understanding of surgical treatment of breast cancer between 1959 and 1993 in South Korea. This essay discusses changing historical connotations of breast ailments, treatments, and surgical interventions. Although the depiction of breast …