Digital Commons Network^™

Empirically Derived Patterns Of Pain, Stooling, And Incontinence And Their Relations To Health Related Quality Of Life Among Youth With Chronic Constipation, Kimberly Lauren Klages

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Chronic constipation is associated with pain, stress, and fecal incontinence, which negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL); however, it is unclear if patterns of pain, stool frequency, and incontinence are differentially associated with HRQoL in youth with chronic constipation. Four hundred and ten caregivers completed a demographics and symptoms form, the Parental Opinions of Pediatric Constipation, Pediatric Symptom Checklist, and the Functional Disability Inventory. Stooling patterns were derived using Latent Variable Mixture Modeling. A three-class model emerged: withholding/avoiding (WA), pain, and fecal incontinence (FI). The pain class reported the greatest amount of disease burden/distress, greatest impairments in illness related …

August 2016 (Issue 2) : Enjoy Eating There’S More To Yum, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

Nutrition and Food Services Department (NFSD) Archives

• Bitter Receptors
• Tongue Maps
• Taste Sense
• Tasteless Flavors
• First Bite
• Super Tasters
• Volatiles
• Forgetfull Buds

Decomposing Trends In Adult Body Mass Index, Obesity, And Morbid Obesity, 1971-2012, Ashley Wendell Kranjac, Robert L. Wagmiller

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Trends in adult obesity have been used to motivate key public health policies in the United States. While these analyses provide important insights into the broad historical contours of the obesity epidemic in the U.S., they shed less light on the proximate mechanisms that have generated these changes and that will ultimately determine the long-term course and pace of change in obesity rates. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), Glenn Firebaugh's linear decomposition technique, and Kitagawa's algebraic decomposition method to decompose change in body mass index (BMI), obesity, and morbid obesity from 1971 through …

Uab Professor Recognized For Achievements In Nutrition Research, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

2nd International Conference On Advances In Obstetrics And Gynaecology Part I - Poster Presentations Sultan Qaboos University, 22–24 January 2016, Sultan Qaboos University

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Antioxidant And Anti-Inflammatory Nutrients On Lung Function In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jessica M. Hinds

Theses & Dissertations

Introduction Veterans are three times more likely to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than the general population. This is likely due to increased use of tobacco and exposure to environmental risk factors. Nutritional intake has been linked to COPD, and veterans report unique barriers to improving their eating habits.

Purpose The primary outcome of this study was to examine the relationship between antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrient intake and lung function in veterans with COPD. It was hypothesized that a higher intake of lutein + zeaxanthin, ß-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, retinol, ɑ-carotene, ß-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin D, ɑ-tocopherol, omega-3, zinc and selenium …

Leisure Time Physical Activity Preferences, Behaviors, And Hypertension: Evidence From The China Health & Nutrition Survey, 2004-2011, Junmin Zhou

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Physical activity has been continuously declining in China. At the same time, prevalence of hypertension has dramatically increased. The associations between leisure time physical activity preference, behavior, and development of hypertension in Chinese adults remained not fully understood and few studies have examined these associations using longitudinal data.

Objectives: This dissertation examined the interrelationships among leisure time activity preference, behavior, and the incidence of hypertension using longitudinal data from 2004 to 2011 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey. It also assessed the urban-rural disparities.

Methods: A total of 2,687 adults were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regressions …

Psychological Aspects Of Head And Neck Cancer, Katherine Rieke

Theses & Dissertations

Patients with head and neck cancer may be at increased risk for depression diagnosis when compared to other cancer sites, both before and after their cancer diagnosis. Behavioral risk factors for head and neck cancers, including tobacco and alcohol use, may be indicative of depression before cancer diagnosis. Further, head and neck cancers and their treatments can cause serious morbidity among patients, including physical disfigurement and loss of function. Additionally, these cancers are often accompanied by social stigma, personal shame, and guilt. While there is a significant body of research examining depression in this cancer population, there are still several …

A Dynamical Systems Model Of Progesterone Receptor Interactions With Inflammation In Human Parturition, Douglas Brubaker, Mark R. Chance, Sam Mesiano

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Progesterone promotes uterine relaxation and is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Withdrawal of progesterone activity and increased inflammation within the uterine tissues are key triggers for parturition. Progesterone actions in myometrial cells are mediated by two progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, that function as ligand-activated transcription factors. PR-B mediates relaxatory actions of progesterone, in part, by decreasing myometrial cell responsiveness to pro-inflammatory stimuli. These same pro-inflammatory stimuli promote the expression of PR-A which inhibits the anti-inflammatory activity of PR-B. Competitive interaction between the progesterone receptors then augments myometrial responsiveness to pro-inflammatory stimuli. The interaction between PR-B …

Pressure Ulcers And Nutrition, Sara J. Behle Bsn, Rn, Lea Silfies Bsn, Rn, Shanna J. Truscott Bsn, Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Health Education In Saudi Arabia : Historical Overview, Anwar Al-Hashem

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

This article provides a historical overview of the evolution of health education in Saudi Arabia. It outlines milestones in the development of the health education profession and traces the roles of various health sectors and their achievements in the health education field. Additionally, this review seeks to describe the status of health education professionals in Saudi Arabia.

Identifying Characteristics Associated With Ileus Development Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, Kara C. Hannon

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is the period of intestinal paralysis following any surgical procedure. POI is manifested by nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, delayed tolerance of oral diet and delayed time to flatus and stool. Little is known about POI following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as no other study has focused specifically on the incidence of POI following CABG.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to determine the incidence of POI post CABG. The secondary aim is to evaluate baseline characteristics associated with POI following CABG.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 100 patients who underwent …

Disease-Modifying Drug Possibly Linked To Placental Insufficiency : Severe Placental Complications In A Pregnant Woman With Multiple Sclerosis, Sultan M. Salahudheen, Muzibunnisa A. Begam

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) such as interferon (IFN)-β and glatiramer acetate are often prescribed to slow disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, adverse pregnancy outcomes have been reported with these medications. We report the rare occurrence of severe placental complications in a 30-yearold pregnant woman with MS who continued to take IFN-β during her first trimester. She presented at the Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, in 2013 with early-onset fetal growth restriction. At 30 gestational weeks, she developed severe pre-eclampsia. The baby was delivered via emergency Caesarean section and was discharged at the age of two …

Currently Available Tools And Teaching Strategies For The Interprofessional Education Of Students In Health Professions : Literature Review, Nelofar S. Khan, Syed I. Shahnaz, Kadayam G.

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Interprofessional education (IPE) is designed to provide students from different health sectors with opportunities to work together to enhance future collaboration. The implementation of IPE activities is a current trend in various countries. This review exclusively targets IPE issues involving undergraduate health profession students and highlights various approaches in different regions. A total of 28 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2012 and July 2015 were assessed to determine recent trends in IPE implementation. Nine main strategies were identified: simulation-based education programmes; rotations in rural and community settings; interprofessional training wards; patient-centred case studies; theme-centred workshops; student seminars; student-delivered …

$19.9 Million Nih Obesity Research Award Largest Ever For Ummc, Karen Bascom

University of Mississippi News

Funding will allow Medical Center to tackle one of state's biggest health care issues

Maternal Lifestyle Factors And Fetal Macrosomia Risk: A Review, Km Redfern, Ga Rees, Jh Pinkney

School of Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Emotional Self-Regulation: Voices And Perspectives Of Teachers Within Diverse Socio-Cultural Contexts, Anna Paula Peixoto Da Silva

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Given the importance of emotional self-regulation to a child’s ability to develop social competence and prosocial behavior, and the significant role early childhood teachers play in supporting young children’s emotional self-regulation, it is important to explore the concept from the perspective of teachers, or from the socio-cultural context through which they (i.e., teachers) make sense of the world.

This study used an exploratory case study methodology to explore the understandings of emotional self-regulation among three Head Start teachers working with varying socio-cultural contexts and to identify the socio-cultural perspectives that influenced their ability to effectively apply their understandings.

Findings indicate …

We Are…Marshall, August 17, 2016, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

Volume 54, Number 1: August 17, 2016, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Tangled Roots, Bittersweet Exposure, Chase Clow

The Goose

Accompanied by tree portraits, this personal narrative reflects upon the intersecting histories between the indigenous peoples of Marin County (north of San Francisco, CA) and the author, who is Euro-American, while contemplating the changing relationship to their shared woodland, the effects of colonization, and possibilities for healing.

Somatic Stimulation Causes Frontoparietal Cortical Changes In Neonates: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study, Nasser H. Kashou, Irfaan Akram Dar, Kathryn Hasenstab, Ramzi W. Nahhas, Sudarshan R. Jadcherla

Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering Faculty Publications

Palmar and plantar grasp are the foremost primitive neonatal reflexes and functions. Persistence of these reflexes in infancy is a sign of evolving cerebral palsy. Our aims were to establish measurement feasibility in a clinical setting and to characterize changes in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbD) concentration in the bilateral frontoparietal cortex in unsedated neonates at the crib-side using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We hypothesized that bilateral concentration changes will occur upon somatic central and peripheral somatic stimulation. Thirteen preterm neonates (five males) underwent time 1, and six (two males) returned for time 2 (mean PMA ¼ 41.6 and 47.0 …

Wellness Through The Lens Of Gathering, Gardening, And Grocery, Shannon Busby

Natural Resources

The food environment in rural Alaska has undergone a rapid transition as communities have gone from subsistence to cash based economies. As this nutrition transition continues and is further impacted by climate change, rural Alaskans need diverse food sources to maintain health and improve resilience. The objective of this research was to assess the role cultivated and wild plants play in wellness, and to understand current perceptions of gardening as a source of vegetables and improved wellness in Barrow, Alaska. A mixed methods approach was used, the qualitative component consisting of seven focus groups, 60 minutes each, which were audio …

Not Just Small Potatoes: A Comparison Of Four Agricultural Education Models In Alaska, Annie Silverman

Communication

Agricultural education is a means of increasing food security, increasing willingness to try new fruits and vegetables, improving test scores, and increasing community resiliency. School gardens, which are one form of agricultural education, are the primary focus of this thesis. In order to identify barriers to maintaining school garden programs, semi-structured interviews were conducted at four school sites in the Fairbanks area. In order to compare emerging themes from the interview data in the Fairbanks area to school sites throughout the state, a survey was also administered through Survey Monkey to schools that received the Alaska state Farm to School …

Integrating Local And Traditional Knowledge And Historical Sources To Characterize Run Timing And Abundance Of Eulachon In The Chilkat And Chilkoot Rivers, Allyson Leigh Olds

Fisheries

Eulachon smelt Thaleichthys pacificus are anadromous forage fish of the North Pacific Ocean that annually spawn in coastal rivers of North America in late winter and early spring. These spawning runs range from northern California to southwestern Alaska and provide important resources to nearby communities, indigenous cultures, and wildlife predators. However, eulachon life history is not well understood or documented throughout their range. In recent years, concerns for eulachon population abundances in the southern portions of their range have led to federal protection. Though there are no federal listings in Alaska, there have been local concerns documented for eulachon runs …

Symptoms, Contributing Factors, And Screening For Perinatal Mood And Anxiety Disorders In U.S. Latinas: A Literature Review, Jennifer N. S. Massie

Master's Projects and Capstones

This literature review was conducted to gather the published information on the topic of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders in the Latina population in the United States. Academic databases were searched for articles published between 2005 and 2016. 60 articles were considered, and a final sample of 36 articles and websites was included in this review.

Evidence suggests that Latina women in the perinatal period (pregnant and up to one year postpartum) in the United States of America tend to have a higher risk and incidence of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders than White women, and a higher risk and …

Qualitative Analysis Of In-Depth Interviews With Nutrition Educators Identifies Challenges And Strategies For Serving Alaska Native Clients, Ronald Edward Standlee-Strom

Natural Resources

Alaska Native people experience disproportionate occurrence of diet and behavior related health disparities and have been recognized as a population in need of effective nutrition education. It is, however, unclear whether and to what extent nutrition education programs have been effective for improving the diets and health of Alaska Native People. The objective of this study is to understand nutrition educators’ perceptions of challenges and most effective strategies for improving diet quality and health of Alaska Native people to inform program development. Nutrition educators serving Alaska Native Clients (n=20) were asked: What are the challenges their clients face to improving …

Back To The Future: Pacific Walrus Stress Response And Reproductive Status In A Changing Arctic, Patrick Maron Charapata

Marine Biology

The Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) is an iconic Arctic marine mammal that Alaska Natives rely on as a subsistence, economic, and cultural resource. A decrease in critical sea ice habitat and uncertain population numbers have led to walruses being listed as a candidate for the Endangered Species Act. However, there is no clear understanding of how walruses might be affected by climate change. The first objective of this study was to describe how bone steroid hormone concentrations relate to commonly used blubber and serum steroid hormone concentrations (i.e., cortisol, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone), because steroid hormones have not been …

Exploring The Potential For Technology-Based Nutrition Education For Low-Income Families In Alaska, Julianne M. Power

Biological Sciences

This thesis addresses the need to identify more accessible and cost-effective ways for federal food assistance programs to deliver nutrition education to Alaska Native people living in rural and remote communities in Alaska. The ultimate aim is to explore whether technology-based nutrition education is a feasible and acceptable alternative to traditional face-to-face nutrition counseling. I begin this thesis by examining the preliminary efficacy and acceptability of an 11 week text message-based intervention to promote fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake among parents with young children (n=74) using a pre-post study design. Although there were no changes in pre-post measures, most participants …

Moose (Alces Alces) Browse Availability And Use In Response To Post-Fire Succession On Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, Erin L. Julianus

Biological Sciences

I examined post-fire moose habitat dynamics on Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge in interior Alaska with the objective of increasing understanding of local moose habitat characteristics. I estimated browse density, biomass, and summer browse use in a 2005 burn, 1990 burn, 1972 burn, and an unburned area. I revisited each site the following spring to estimate browse availability and removal during winter. In addition to evaluating browse production and use, I estimated proportional habitat use of varying-aged burns by 51 VHF-collared moose. I found that summer browse production and winter browse availability were highest in the 1990 and 2005 burns. I …

Traditional Food Security And Diet Quality In Alaska Native Women, Amanda Walch

Biological Sciences

This dissertation addresses the need for a better understanding of traditional foods, food security, and diet quality and how they collectively influence health of low income Alaska Native women receiving the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The ultimate aims are to understand the beliefs and behaviors regarding traditional foods in low income Alaska Native women in Anchorage receiving WIC assistance and examine whether these foods moderate the relationship between food security and diet quality. Food security is a growing public health concern in Alaska, especially among Alaska Native people living in urban areas. I begin …