Digital Commons Network^™

Uab Emergency Docs Take Teaching Skills To Kenya, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

E-Learning For Research Capacity Strengthening In Sexual And Reproductive Health: The Experience Of The Geneva Foundation For Medical Education And Research And The Department Of Reproductive Health And Research, World Health Organization, Karim Abawi, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, Igor Toskin, Mario Philip Festin, Lynn Gertiser, Raqibat Idris, Hanan Hamamy, Moazzam Ali, Ameyo Masakhwe Bonventure, Marleen Temmerman, Aldo Campana

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Abstract: Technological advancement has resulted in the increasing use of e-learning and online education, initially in high-income countries and increasingly in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: In 2010, the Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research, in collaboration with the World Health Organization and partner institutions, developed an online postgraduate course “From Research to Practice: Training Course in Sexual and Reproductive Health Research”. This course takes advantage of the advancing Internet technology to provide training opportunities to health professionals mostly from low- and middle-income countries whose access to quality education is constrained by time, financial resources, or both.

Case presentation: …

College Of Engineering Senior Design Competition Fall 2016, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas

Fred and Harriet Cox Senior Design Competition Projects

Part of every UNLV engineering student’s academic experience, the senior design project stimulates engineering innovation and entrepreneurship. Each student in their senior year chooses, plans, designs, and prototypes a product in this required element of the curriculum. A capstone to the student’s educational career, the senior design project encourages the student to use everything learned in the engineering program to create a practical, real world solution to an engineering challenge. The senior design competition helps focus the senior students in increasing the quality and potential for commercial application for their design projects. Judges from local industry evaluate the projects on …

As-823-16 Resolution On Proposed New Degree Program: Bachelor Of Science In Public Health, Kris Jankovitz

Academic Senate Resolutions

Proposes new bachelor degree of science in public health.

Evaluation Of An Empiric Vancomycin Dosing Nomogram In Achieving Goal Steady-State Trough Concentrations In Obese Adults Weighing At Least 100 Kilograms, S. W. Johnson, R. D. Bowers, A. A. Cooper, C. L. Wente, D. Wilson

Pharmacy Practice

No abstract provided.

Oral History: John Beckett - Vietnam War, Peter M. Simpson

Vietnam

No abstract provided.

The Microbiome Of The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin, 1791): Temporal And Spatial Variation, Environmental Influences, And Its Impact On Host Physiology, Melissa L. Pierce

Doctoral Dissertations

Prokaryotic communities are ubiquitous in every environment on earth. In the oceans they are integral to a number of biogeochemical processes and form the base of marine food webs. Microbes have also coevolved with eukaryotes, aiding in a variety of host functions including digestion and nutrient absorption, development of the immune system, and protection against pathogens. The disruption of these microbial communities, especially in the gut, has been linked to altered health statuses and physiological functions in a range of hosts. The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791), is a valuable economic and ecological resource in near-shore environments. As a …

Antibacterial S-Heterosubstituted Disulfides, Edward Turos, Praveen Ramaraju

USF Patents

Synthetically-derived S,S-heterodisubstituted disulfides that exhibit potent in vitro antibacterial activity against a variety of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Francisella tularensis. The present invention provides compounds, methods and compositions effective to treat microbial/bacterial infections, and, especially, infections arising from bacteria which have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics.

Inflammatory Gene Expression In Women Diagnosed With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Myles K. Taylor

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The pathophysiology of PCOS has conventionally thought to originate from androgen excess. However, recent evidence suggests that androgen excess is a downstream consequence to inflammatory dysregulation and subsequent metabolic abnormalities. Inflammatory mRNA gene expression of TNFa and IL-1ß in mononuclear cells isolated from women diagnosed with PCOS was explored using qPCR. Additionally, the correlations between body mass index (BMI) and fasting glucose on mRNA expression of TNFa and IL-1ß were explored. mRNA expression of both TNFa and IL-1ß were found to be significantly higher in PCOS …

Mold In Residences And The Associated Respiratory Diseases/Symptoms Among Occupants, Bhavin Vinod Chauhan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Indoor mold may cause asthma and other respiratory symptoms; however, no study has been conducted in homes in Memphis. This study aims to monitor indoor mold exposure and explore its relationship to respiratory symptoms/illnesses. Environmental monitoring was conducted in 15 homes (9 with visible mold and 6 without) in Shelby County. Indoor environmental samples included ground and air vent dust, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), real-time particulate matter (PM), CO2, relative humidity (RH), and temperature. In laboratory, mold in dust samples were analyzed using an Endpoint PCR and VOCs on a thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) system. No association was found …

Ten Students Faculty Receive Funding From 2016 Kopchick Awards, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Cause For Question: Risk And Postmodern Panic In The Vaccine Safety Debate, Marygrace Trifilio

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis analyzes the thoughts and feelings of non-vaccinating parents in America and argues that contemporary vaccine refusal results from overwhelming information saturation in the Internet age. Non-vaccinating parents express distrust of competing scientific research and call for a return to a more natural, toxin-free lifestyle.

Evaluation Of The Therapeutic Management Of Childhood Diarrhea, Ana Francisca Diallo

Doctoral Dissertations

Therapeutic management of childhood diarrhea had led to a significant decrease in diarrhea related morbidity and mortality. However, diarrhea diseases remain one of the leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide, especially in children under 5 years. The work presented in this dissertation intended to evaluate the current the management of childhood diarrhea, to identify the major gaps in the management and introduce a novel approach to address these gaps. First, an assessment of oral rehydration therapies (ORT) coverage in the management of childhood diarrhea is performed to evaluate healthcare providers’ prescriptive practices of ORT in South Asia. Next, we assess …

Applying Multiple Data Collection Tools To Quantify Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Communication On Twitter., Philip M. Massey, Amy Leader, Elad Yom-Tov, Alexandra Budenz, Kara Fisher, Ann C. Klassen

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. There are several vaccines that protect against strains of HPV most associated with cervical and other cancers. Thus, HPV vaccination has become an important component of adolescent preventive health care. As media evolves, more information about HPV vaccination is shifting to social media platforms such as Twitter. Health information consumed on social media may be especially influential for segments of society such as younger populations, as well as ethnic and racial minorities.

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of our study were to quantify HPV vaccine communication on …

Assessing Readiness For Clinical Practice: Students’ Perspectives Of Their Veterinary Curriculum, L. Chris Sanchez, Alison Kwiatkowski, Jeff Abbott, Dana N. Zimmel, Linda S. Behar-Horenstein

The Qualitative Report

Studies describing the effectiveness of a veterinary curriculum from the student perspective are currently sparse. The overall purpose of this investigation was to describe students’ perceived preparedness for clinical practice. Three focus group meetings with fourth year veterinary students were conducted. Data were open-coded and categorized to identify themes. Four main themes emerged: Challenging communications, Un/appreciating curricular experiences, Documenting demands impede case involvement, and Hungering for timely, effective feedback. Overall students felt comfortable talking to clients about medicine but less comfortable discussing euthanasia or money; they appreciated the split clinical curriculum but questioned the value of the 1st/2nd year courses; …

Bacterial Colonization And Antibiotic Resistance In A Prospective Cohort Of Newborn Infants During The First Year Of Life, Sharon B. Meropol, Kurt C. Stange, Michael R. Jacobs, Judith K. Weiss, Saralee Bajaksouzian, Robert A. Bonomo

Faculty Scholarship

Background. Infants are virtually sterile at birth and frequently use antibiotics; our objective was to (1) characterize the longitudinal colonization with bacterial pathogens and associated antibiotic resistance in a cohort of community-dwelling infants in Northeast Ohio and (2) describe longitudinal concurrent antibiotic and daycare exposures. Methods. For 35 newborns, nasopharyngeal swabs were cultured for Streptococcus pneumoniae, anterior nasal for Staphylococcus aureus, and perirectal for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative enteric bacteria, at 3-month intervals for 12 months. Infant and household antibiotics and daycare exposure were assessed longitudinally. Results. Thirteen infants received perinatal or nursery antibiotics. By 3 months, at least 22 …

Serological Study Of Toxoplasmosis Spread Among Unmarried Female University Students Using Lat, Elisa And Igg Avidity, Muna Turky Al-Mossawei, Hind Majeed Al- Mossawei, Khitam Yahya Al-Dujaily

Baghdad Science Journal

Toxoplasma gondii has a worldwide distribution and it is one of the most prevalent infectious agents in Iraq. The study was conducted on 200 serum samples of unmarried female university of students age ranged between 18 to 26 years to detect Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii antibodies among unmarried female students in Iraqi universities using different serological tests. Seventy six (38%) serum samples out of 200 subjects were positive for toxoplasma antibodies by Latex agglutination test (LAT). Among 76 LAT sera positive ,only 58 (29%) serum samples were positive with toxoplasma IgG …

Expression And The Functional Study Of Fusion Proteins Α-Amylase And Hemolysin- Αas An Application In Biofilm Polysaccharide Degradation, Gede Yuda Sugiarta, Anggoro Wiseso, Siska Yuliana Sari, Etri Dian Kamila, Vanessa Geraldine, Diana Christina, Muhammad Hanifi, Dwiantari Satyapertiwi, Robby Hertanto, Budiman Bela, Masafumi Yohda, Muhamad Sahlan

Makara Journal of Technology

Biofilm is an aggregate of consortium bacteria that adhere to each other on a surface. It is usually protected by the exopolysaccharide layer. Various invasive medical procedures, such as catheterization, endotracheal tube installation, and contact lens utilization, are vulnerable to biofilm infection. The National Institute of Health (NIH) estimates 65% of all microbial infections are caused by biofilm. Periplasmic α-amylase (MalS) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes α-1, 4- glicosidic bond in glycogen, starch, and others related polysaccharides in periplasmic space. Another protein called hemolysin-α (HlyA) is a secretion signal protein on C terminal of particular peptide in gram negative bacteria. …

The Yersinia Pestis Effector Yopm Inhibits Pyrin Inflammasome Activation., Dmitry Ratner, M Pontus A Orning, Megan K. Proulx, Donghai Wang, Mikhail A. Gavrilin, Mark D. Wewers, Emad S. Alnemri, Peter F. Johnson, Bettina Lee, Joan Mecsas, Nobuhiko Kayagaki, Jon D. Goguen, Egil Lien

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are central virulence factors for many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, and secreted T3SS effectors can block key aspects of host cell signaling. To counter this, innate immune responses can also sense some T3SS components to initiate anti-bacterial mechanisms. The Yersinia pestis T3SS is particularly effective and sophisticated in manipulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, which are typically processed into their mature forms by active caspase-1 following inflammasome formation. Some effectors, like Y. pestis YopM, may block inflammasome activation. Here we show that YopM prevents Y. pestis induced activation of the Pyrin inflammasome induced …

Siu Alumni, Siu Alumni Association

SIU Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

The Cumulative Effect Of Risk Compensation On Infection Prevention Measures, Daniel Maxin, Laurentiu Sega, Lisa Eaton

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Varying Environmental Conditions On The Growth Of Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia, Norah Alqahtani

Theses & Dissertations

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in the debilitated host. It possesses the ability to target and colonize respiratory-tract epithelial cells and grow on the surface of medical devices. It is associated with a significant case-fatality ratio in cystic fibrosis patients. S. maltophilia species have the ability to grow in bacterial biofilms, which further complicates these infections by providing the opportunity for acquisition of antibiotic resistant genes. This study investigated the effects on the growth of different strains of the same species of S. maltophilia, ATCC 51331 and 13637, when the selected environmental factors are varied. …

Population Pharmacokinetics Of Liposomal Amphotericin B In Immunocompromised Children., Jodi M Lestner, Andreas H Groll, Ghaith Aljayyoussi, Nita L Seibel, Aziza Shad, Corina Gonzalez, Lauren V Wood, Paul F Jarosinski, Thomas J Walsh, William W Hope

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) is widely used in the treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in adults and children. There are relatively limited pharmacokinetic (PK) data to inform optimal dosing in children that achieves systemic drug exposures comparable to those of adults. Our objective was to describe the pharmacokinetics of LAmB in children aged 1 to 17 years with suspected or documented IFD. Thirty-five children were treated with LAmB at doses of 2.5 to 10 mg kg(-1) daily. Samples were taken at baseline and at 0.5- to 2.0-h intervals for 24 h after receipt of the first dose (n = …

Epidemiology Of White Spot Syndrome Virus In The Daggerblade Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes Pugio) And The Gulf Sand Fiddler Crab (Uca Panacea), Muhammad

Dissertations

Ever since the first outbreaks of White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which causes White Spot Disease (WSD), in Asia in the early 1990s, the pathogen has been a major constraint to the profitability of the shrimp aquaculture industry across the globe. WSSV has a broad host range and is routinely detected in wild decapod crustaceans. In the present study, two common species in the tidal salt marsh along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico, the daggerblade grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) and the Gulf sand fiddler crab (Uca panacea), were investigated for their role as …

A Microbiomic Approach To The Characterization Of The Impacts And Influences Of Viral, Bacterial, And Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins On The Bottlenose Dolphin, Corey David Russo

Dissertations

As apex predators that display high site fidelity Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphin) are indicators of marine ecosystem health. Bottlenose dolphins, additionally, display pathogenesis and immune response similar to that of humans. Humans and coastal bottlenose dolphins, in particular, are constantly exposed to the same industrial, agricultural and domestic toxins and pathogens, contaminants and pollutants. Thus, studies on the bottlenose dolphin are also valuable in bridging the gap between ocean and human health. Bottlenose dolphins are susceptible to viral bacterial and toxin infection. Infection in the bottlenose dolphin manifests itself in the form of mass stranding events, unusual mortality events, chronic …

Research News Newsletter, Winter 2016, Research News Newsletter, Stony Brook University.

Research News

Quarterly newsletter from the Office of the Vice President for Research

Appraising Religious Liberty In The Philippine Reproductive Health Debates, Alfonso Suico

Jesuit School of Theology Dissertations

The debates surrounding the reproductive health bills created controversy and division between the Philippine government and the Church leaders. The government proposed laws that would promote accessible health care to women and children, including access to safe and effective contraceptives. The Catholic bishops opposed these bills, which they considered as inconsistent with Church teachings on sexuality and marriage.

Following a modified pastoral circle, this thesis describes the Philippine situation and genealogy of the debates, analyzes the critical position of the bishops, and proposes how the right to religious freedom can provide a paradigm of examining the debates. The bishops' opposition …

Replacement Of Potassium Chloride By Potassium Glutamate Enhances The In Vitro Proteolytic Activity Of Lon Protease, Poorna Kannan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Abstract of the Thesis Replacement of Potassium Chloride by Potassium Glutamate Enhances the In Vitro Proteolytic Activity of Lon Protease By Poorna Kannan Master of Science In Biochemistry and Cell Biology Stony Brook University Critical for cell survival, protein quality control and protein turnover are orchestrated by AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteases. In bacteria, Lon protease is one such ATP-dependent enzyme whose function, among others, includes degradation of misfolded proteins (1). In Yersinia pestis Lon protease is central to host invasion and pathogenicity. Among several substrates of Lon is the regulator of virulence A (RovA), a temperature-sensing …

The Investigation Of Enoyl-Coa Hydratases In Cholesterol Metabolism Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Jungwon Jang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) in humans. TB is one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world. Mtb resides in the lipid- enriched environment of the host and metabolizes cholesterol as a carbon source using its own enzymes. Among the total 4000 genes of Mtb, 250 genes correlate to the enzymatic reactions of lipid utilization. The degradation of cholesterol side chain is characterized by three cycles of β-oxidation. Each of the β-oxidation cycles involves hydration of the dehydrogenated cholesterol intermediate substrate. Rv3538 and EchA19 are expected to function as an enoyl-CoA hydratase in the …

Environmental Emission Of Pharmaceuticals From Wastewater Treatment Plants In The Usa, Bikram Subedi, Bommanna G. Loganathan

Faculty & Staff Research and Creative Activity

The residual drugs, drug bioconjugates, and their metabolites, mostly from human and veterinary usage, are routinely flushed down the drain, and enter wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Increasing population, excessive use of allopathic medicine, continual introduction of novel drugs, and existing inefficient wastewater treatment processes result in the discharge of large volumes of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites from the WWTPs into the environment. The effluent from the WWTPs globally contaminate ~25% of rivers and the lakes. Pharmaceuticals in the environment, as contaminants of emerging concerns, behave as pseudo-persistent despite their relatively short environmental half-lives in the environment. Therefore, residual levels of …