Digital Commons Network^™

Unique Footprint In The Scl1.3 Locus Affects Adhesion And Biofilm Formation Of The Invasive M3-Type Group A Streptococcus, Beth A. Bachert, Soo J. Choi, Paul R. Lasala, Tiffany I. Harper, Dudley H. Mcnitt, Dylan T. Boehm, Clayton C. Caswell, Pawel Ciborowski, Douglas R. Keene, Anthony R. Flores, James M. Musser, Flavia Squeglia, Daniela Marasco, Rita Berisio, Slawomir Lukomski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The streptococcal collagen-like proteins 1 and 2 (Scl1 and Scl2) are major surface adhesins that are ubiquitous among group A Streptococcus (GAS). Invasive M3-type strains, however, have evolved two unique conserved features in the scl1 locus: (i) an IS1548 element insertion in the scl1 promoter region and (ii) a nonsense mutation within the scl1 coding sequence. The scl1 transcript is drastically reduced in M3-type GAS, contrasting with a high transcription level of scl1 allele in invasive M1-type GAS. This leads to a lack of Scl1 expression in M3 strains. In contrast, while scl2 transcription and Scl2 production are elevated in …

Integrated Analysis Of Dysregulated Ncrna And Mrna Expression Profiles In Humans Exposed To Carbon Nanotubes, Anna A. Shvedova, Naveena Yanamala, Elena R. Kisin, Timur O. Khailullin, M. Eileen Birch, Liliya M. Fatkhutdinova

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background As the application of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in consumer products continues to rise, studies have expanded to determine the associated risks of exposure on human and environmental health. In particular, several lines of evidence indicate that exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) could pose a carcinogenic risk similar to asbestos fibers. However, to date the potential markers of MWCNT exposure are not yet explored in humans.

Methods In the present study, global mRNA and ncRNA expression profiles in the blood of exposed workers, having direct contact with MWCNT aerosol for at least 6 months (n = 8), were compared …

2016 Annual Campus Security And Fire Safety Report, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, University Police, University Of Nebraska-Lincoln

University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University Police

2016 Annual Campus Security and Fire Safety Report, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

Safety and security information for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, including crime and fire statistics for the 2015 calendar year, and the information required by the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1989. All data are submitted to the United States Department of Education according to law.

Overcoming Human Trafficking Via Operations Research And Analytics: Opportunities For Methods, Models, And Applications, Renata A. Konrad, Andrew C. Trapp, Timothy Palmbach

Forensic Science Publications

Human trafficking is a transnational complex societal and economic issue. While human trafficking has been studied in a variety of contexts, including criminology, sociological, and clinical domains, to date there has been very little coverage in the operations research (OR) and analytics community. This paper highlights how operations research and analytics techniques can be used to address the growing issue of human trafficking. It is intended to give insight to operations research and analytics professionals into the unique concerns, problems, and challenges in human trafficking; the relevance of OR and analytics to key pillars of human trafficking including prevention, protection, …

College Of Pharmacy Annual Report For Fy2016, Uri College Of Pharmacy

College of Pharmacy Reports

Annual report for the College of Pharmacy of the University of Rhode Island for the year 2015-2016.

Includes information and statistics for the academic programs, research work and developments by faculty and students, community engagement and donations.

Mir-9 Acts As An Oncomir In Prostate Cancer Through Multiple Pathways That Drive Tumour Progression And Metastasis, S. J. Seashols-Williams, W. Budd, G. C. Clark, Q. Wu, R. Daniel, E. Dragoescu, Z. E. Zehner

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Publications

Identification of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in prostate cancer is critical not only for diagnosis, but also differentiation between the aggressive and indolent forms of the disease. miR-9 was identified as an oncomiR through both miRNA panel RT-qPCR as well as high-throughput sequencing analysis of the human P69 prostate cell line as compared to its highly tumorigenic and metastatic subline M12, and found to be consistently upregulated in other prostate cell lines including DU-145 and PC3. While miR-9 has been characterized as dysregulated either as an oncomiR or tumour suppressor in a variety of other cancers including breast, ovarian, and nasopharyngeal …

Simeprevir Plus Sofosbuvir (12 And 8 Weeks) In Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1-Infected Patients Without Cirrhosis: Optimist-1, A Phase 3, Randomized Study, P. Kwo, N. Gitlin, R. Nahass, D. Bernstein, K. Etzkorn, S. Rojter, E. Schiff, M. Davis, P. Ruane, J. Witek, +8 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

University Technology Transfer - Profit Centers Or Black Holes: Moving Toward A More Productive University Innovation Ecosystem Policy, Brian Krumm

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Galactomannan, Beta-D-Glucan, And Aspergillus Dna In Sera Of High-Risk Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies For The Diagnosis Of Invasive Aspergillosis, Gülçi̇n Bölük, Esra Kazak, Fahi̇r Özkalemkaş, Beyza Ener, Hali̇s Akalin, Harun Ağca, Yildiz Okuturlar, Kürşad Keski̇n, Başak Burgazlioğlu, Ridvan Ali̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

null

Does The Course Of Laboratory Parameters Help Us To Predict The Outcome Of Cchf?, Sümeyye Kazancioğlu, Esragül Akinci, Ali̇ye Baştuğ, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Ayşe But, Hali̇de Aslaner, Seli̇m Sirri Eren, Meltem Arzu Yetki̇n, Hurrem Bodur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Abstrat Background/aim: This study was performed to identify the characteristics distinguishing fatal and nonfatal cases of patients diagnosed with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). Materials and methods: A total of 92 patients with confirmed diagnosis of CCHF in 2009-2013 were included in the study. Results: A high level of urea and aPTT on the third day of hospital stay, diarrhea, somnolence, and the interval from the beginning of the symptoms to hospital admission were independently associated with fatality. Each 10-unit increase in aPTT and urea levels increased the fatality rate by 3.379-fold and 1.236-fold, respectively. Delay in hospital admission increased the …

The Prevalence Of Tularemia In Occupational Groups That Have Contact With Animals, Fati̇h Büyük, Özgür Çelebi̇, Eli̇f Çeli̇k, Beki̇r Çelebi̇, Selçuk Kiliç, Ali̇ye Gülmez Sağlam, Doğan Akça, Mehmet Doğanay, Sali̇h Otlu, Mi̇tat Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of antibodies against Francisella tularensis in individuals in different occupations that have contact with animals in the Kars region of northeastern Turkey. Materials and methods: A total of 201 blood samples specifically including 103 farmers, 45 clinical veterinarians, 42 butchers, and 11 hunters were analyzed. The results of the study were reported in relation to some sociodemographic features (age, sex, occupation, and experience) of the volunteers. The presence of antibodies was determined by a microagglutination (MA) test. In addition, positive sera were confirmed using an ELISA kit. Results: …

The Role Of 18f-Fdg Pet-Ct In The Detection Of Unknown Primary Malignancy: A Retrospective Study, Olga Yaylali, Fatma Suna Kiraç, Doğangün Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the detection of unknown primary tumor sites in patients with a suspicious malignancy. Materials and methods: We retrospectively examined the 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 50 unknown primary malignancy patients. The malignancy of the lesions with increased 18F-FDG uptake on PET images was defined by interpreting the nondiagnostic CT images that were obtained with the PET study. The primary tumor site was decided according to the combined PET/CT findings, and the results were subsequently confirmed with a histopathological examination. Results: Fifty patients (29 M; 21 F) aged …

Traditional Practices Of Konya Women During Pregnancy, Birth, The Postpartumperiod, And Newborn Care, Berri̇n Okka, Yasemi̇n Durduran, Nesli̇han Değerli̇ Kodaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The purpose of the present study was to identify traditional practices and the extent to which they are practiced by mothers during pregnancy, birth, the postpartum period, and newborn care. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the city center of Konya (Turkey). Data were collected through questionnaires completed by volunteers. The research sample comprised 450 mothers, all of whom had given birth to at least one live baby. The forms were completed during face-to-face interviews. Results: Some traditional pregnancy practices were followed by 70.7% of the participants. Of the women who performed these practices, 57.4% consciously chose …

The Utility Of The Timi Risk Index On Admission For Predicting Angiographic No-Reflow After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In Patients With Stemi, Hali̇t Acet, Faruk Ertaş, Mehmet Ata Akil, Mehmet Zi̇hni̇ Bi̇li̇k, Mesut Aydi̇n, Ni̇hat Polat, Abdulkadi̇r Yildiz, Murat Yüksel, Leyla Çi̇ftçi̇, Necdet Özaydoğdu, Mehmet Özbek, Sai̇t Alan, Ni̇zametti̇n Toprak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score (TRS), and the TIMI risk index (TRI) have been reported in coronary artery disease patients. We investigated whether admission TRI is associated with no-reflow (NRF) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI). Materials and methods: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with p-PCI were included in the study. TRI was calculated on admission using specified variables. We defined the angiographic NRF phenomenon as a coronary TIMI flow grade of ≤2 after the vessel was recanalized or a TIMI flow grade of 3 together with a final myocardial blush grade …

Seroprevalence Of Measles, Mumps, Rubella, And Varicella Amongphysicians And Nurses In Jordan, Faris Ghalib Bakri, Zakaria Mohammad Abdelrahim, Alqahira Samih Alkalbani, Ghada Mohammad Khrais, Deena Shamroukh, Ferial Ahmad Hayajneh, Azmi Mahafza

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella can affect susceptible healthcare workers who might subsequently spread the infection to susceptible patients and workers. Here, we aim to determine the seroprevalence of these infections among physicians and nurses and to compare the history of varicella with the results of varicella antibodies among study participants. Materials and methods: Two randomly selected groups, one group of physicians and one of nurses, from a university hospital in Jordan were interviewed and their serum IgG antibodies were measured. Results: The physicians and nurses group had 252 and 241 participants, respectively. The physicians group had significantly more …

Evaluation Of Tetanus Antibody Levels In Adults In Yozgat, Turkey, Çi̇ğdem Kader, Mehmet Balci, Ayşe Erbay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To assess the immune status against tetanus in relation to self-declared vaccination status among an adult population in Yozgat, Turkey. Methods: Questionnaires and blood specimens were collected from 267 individuals over 18 years of age in Yozgat, Turkey. Antitetanus antibodies were determined quantitatively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among the 267 subjects (mean age 43.4 ± 15.6; male:female, 133:134) 168 (62.9%) had protective level of tetanus antibody titers. There was a characteristic distribution of the tetanus antibody titers in different age groups as it dropped with increasing age. Protective immunity was obtained in 74.1% of urban and 47.9% of …

Potential Drug?Drug Interactions In A Medical Intensive Care Unit Of A University Hospital, Medi̇ne Gülçebi̇ İdri̇z Oğlu, Esra Küçüki̇brahi̇moğlu, Ati̇la Karaalp, Özlem Sarikaya, Mahluga Demirkapu, Fi̇li̇z Onat, Mehmet Zafer Gören

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can impact patient safety. Occurrence of clinically important DDIs is higher for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. This observational study aimed to evaluate the potential DDIs in medical ICU patients of a university hospital. Materials and methods: The Medical Pharmacology Department organized consultation reports for ICU patients in order to detect the DDIs. To focus on clinically important DDIs, interactions in the C, D, or X risk rating categories of the Lexi-Interact online database were analyzed. Frequency and clinical risk rating categories of DDIs were detected. Relationship between number of prescriptions and DDIs were assessed. The …

Determination Of Virulence And Multidrug Resistance Genes With Polymerase Chain Reaction Method In Vancomycin-Sensitive And -Resistant Enterococci Isolated From Clinical Samples*, Şükran Saba Çopur, Fi̇kret Şahi̇n, Juli̇de Sedef Göçmen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Enterococci play an important role in nosocomial infections. Therefore, this study investigates multidrug resistance (MDR)1 gene areas in the pathogenicity of enterococci and virulence genes in both vancomycin-sensitive enterococci (VSE) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains. Materials and methods: Virulence genes and MDR genes of enterococci were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: We evaluated a total of 116 isolates, 93 being VRE and 23 being VSE. In this study, 95.6% of VRE (n = 93) were Enterococcus faecium (n = 89) and 4.3% were E. faecalis (n = 4), while 17.4% of VSE (n = 23) were E. …

Investigating The In Vitro Synergistic Activities Of Several Antibiotic Combinationsagainst Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates, Sevi̇m Yavaş, Meltem Arzu Yetki̇n, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Ali̇ye Baştuğ, Hali̇de Aslaner, Ayşe But, Di̇lek Kanyilmaz, Berri̇n Sari, Esragül Akinci, Hurrem Bodur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infectious agents worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro synergistic activities of several antibiotic combinations against carbapenem-resistant (CR) A. baumannii isolates. Materials and methods: Eighteen CR A. baumannii strains were isolated from the patients who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit between June 2012 and August 2012. The in vitro effects of single and binary combinations of meropenem (MEM), colistin (CST), tigecycline (TGC), and sulbactam (SUL) on these isolates were determined using the Epsilometer test (E-test) method. Results: All 18 isolates were …

Zika Virus, Anne Ambrose-Young

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The Zika virus (Zika) was first discovered in 1947 in Uganda, with only 14 cases documented before 2007 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). Over the last two years, however, this virus, formerly confined to the tropical regions of Africa and South East Asia, has been reported in South and Central America, Mexico, parts of the Caribbean, Polynesia, with the reports continuing to grow. In February, 2016, the World Health Organization reported that Zika has been elevated to a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The spread of Zika is alarming because it has been associated with severe fetal …

Evaluation Of Xpert Mtb/Rif Versus Afb Smear And Culture To Identify Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Patients With Suspected Tuberculosis From Low And Higher Prevalence Settings, Anne F. Luetkemeyer, Cynthia Fimhaber, Michelle A. Kendall, Xingye Wu, Gerald H. Mazurek, Debra A. Benator, Roberto Arduino, Michel Femandez, Elizabeth Guy, Pamela Johnson, Beverly Metchock, Fred Sattler, Edward Telzak, Yun F. Wang, Marc Weiner, Susan Swindells, Ian M. Sanne, Diane V. Havlir, Beatriz Grinsztejn, David Alland

United States Department of Veterans Affairs: Publications

Background. The Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is a rapid nucleic acid amplification test widely used in settings of high tuberculosis prevalence to detect tuberculosis as well as rpoB mutations associated with rifampin resistance. Data are needed on the diagnostic performance of Xpert in lower-prevalence settings to inform appropriate use for both tuberculosis detection and the need for respiratory isolation.

Methods. Xpert was compared to 2 sputum samples, each evaluated with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and mycobacterial culture using liquid and solid culture media, from participants with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis from the United States, Brazil, and South Africa.

Results. Of 992 …

Deviant To Dignified: From Campbell V Sundquist To Tanco V. Haslam The Progression Of Lgbt Rights & Marital Equality In Tennessee, Regina M. Lambert, Abby R. Rubenfeld

Tennessee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Public Health Promotion In Bangladesh Through The Community Health Clinics: A Foucauldian Analysis, Biplab Kumar Halder

Journal of Health Ethics

The system of community health clinics in Bangladesh is contributing largely to improving the public health status of rural communities in Bangladesh. The significant success of this health promotion program leads medicine to its summit of power to influence the prevalent power structure in rural Bangladesh. A critical analysis of this paradigm shift is demanded in the context of public health. A Foucauldian analysis of the public health scenario of Bangladesh is most relevant in this context. In the paper, I propose a critical analysis of the public health apparatus of Bangladesh as manifested in the community health clinics, from …

Does Theory Translate In The Trenches Of Short Term Mission Work?, Rhonda D. Hensley

Journal of Health Ethics

Despite numerous criticisms in the literature on the ethics and sustainable outcomes of short term international mission trips, there can be positive outcomes for volunteers and for recipients of short term mission care efforts. Utilizing a theoretical framework that addresses efforts to promote sustainability can lead to a structured, productive, and satisfying experience. With effective host country partnerships and an organized model of care delivery, international mission volunteers can provide highly effective health care services that are specific to the health and cultural needs of the host community.

Quinolines: Novel Synthesis And Derivatives Of Heterocyclic Bioactive Agents, Ginelle A. Ramann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tuberculosis is a pulmonary disease that has ravaged the world throughout history. Even today, many developed and developing countries are experiencing this plight, made worse by the scourge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis's class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase presents an interesting target in the design of new therapies against this disease. Previous attempts to construct an inhibitor to this enzyme fell short due to poor selectivity or poor cellular uptake. However a new class of noncompetitive inhibitor based on 8-hydoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid presents a fresh approach. Preliminary studies indicate various modifications to this scaffold could be beneficial to its inhibitory efficacy.

Modifications …

The Brief Case: Dyspnea In A Profoundly Immunocompromised Man, Andrej Spec, Carlos A.Q. Santos, Morgan A. Pence

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Clearance Of Vancomycin- Resistant Enterococcus Concomitant With Administration Of A Microbiota -Based Drug Targeted At Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection, Erik R. Dubberke, Kathleen M. Mullane, Dale N. Gerding, Christine H. Lee, Thomas J. Louie, Harriet Guthertz, Courtney Jones

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Human Metabolome-Derived Cofactors Are Required For The Antibacterial Activity Of Siderocalin In Urine, Robin R. Shields-Cutler, Jan R. Crowley, Connelly D. Miller, Ann E. Stapleton, Weidong Cui, Jeffery P. Henderson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Project Soar's Approach To Research Utilization, Project Soar

HIV and AIDS

Project SOAR (Supporting Operational AIDS Research) conducts operations research (OR) with the aim of producing a large, multi-faceted body of high-quality evidence that can guide the planning and implementation of programs and policies for HIV prevention, care, and treatment. OR provides the needed evidence to make sound policy and program decisions at national, subnational, and service-delivery levels by identifying practical solutions to challenges delivering program services. Translating OR findings into action at these levels requires two-way information exchange between people who can apply research findings and researchers. Project SOAR’s premise is that this exchange will bring about eventual use of …

Targeting Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogens With Novel Antimicrobial Peptides, Mohamed F. Mohamed

Open Access Dissertations

The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a notorious problem worldwide. In the United States alone, antibiotic-resistant bacteria infect at least two million people and kill around 23,000 patients each year. Half of these infections are attributed to the bacterial pathogen, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) according to a report published in 2013 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Similarly, S. pseudintermedius is a leading cause of opportunistic infections in pet animals and has zoonotic potential. Furthermore, the marked increase in the incidence of infections due to extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii …