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2016

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Docking And Molecular Dynamic Simulations: Study Of 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole- Chalcone Hybrid Derivatives To Search New Active Anticancer Agents, Adel Zamri, Neni Frimayanti, Hilwan Yuda Teruna Jan 2016

Docking And Molecular Dynamic Simulations: Study Of 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole- Chalcone Hybrid Derivatives To Search New Active Anticancer Agents, Adel Zamri, Neni Frimayanti, Hilwan Yuda Teruna

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Chalcone hybrid derivatives are one of the anti cancer promising agents. Computational approach (i.e. molecular docking) was applied in this study to search chalcone hybrids derivatives as new anti cancer agents. Blind docking of 81 chalcone derivatives ...

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One Pot Synthesis And Docking Study Of Some Tetrahydrobenzo[B]Pyran Derivatives As Extended Spectrum Class Lactamase Inhibitors For Urinary Tract Infection, Prafulla Balkrishna Choudhari Jan 2016

One Pot Synthesis And Docking Study Of Some Tetrahydrobenzo[B]Pyran Derivatives As Extended Spectrum Class Lactamase Inhibitors For Urinary Tract Infection, Prafulla Balkrishna Choudhari

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

A series of tetrahydrobenzo[b] pyran derivatives were synthesized and screened for the antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris. Structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by physicochemical, spectral and elemental analysis. The dock...

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Comparison Of Validated Hplc Methods Using Two Derivatizing Agents For Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Quantification, Kritchapol Panrod, Anyarporn Tansirikongkol, Vipaporn Panapisal Jan 2016

Comparison Of Validated Hplc Methods Using Two Derivatizing Agents For Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Quantification, Kritchapol Panrod, Anyarporn Tansirikongkol, Vipaporn Panapisal

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has many advantages in physiological functions and skin benefits. Therefore, a feasible and simple method is needed for its determination. The purpose of this study was to validate and compare two HPLC analyses of GABA afte...

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Targeting Voltage Gated Sodium Channels For Prevention Of Breast Cancer Metastasis, Shilpa Dutta Jan 2016

Targeting Voltage Gated Sodium Channels For Prevention Of Breast Cancer Metastasis, Shilpa Dutta

All ETDs from UAB

Voltage gated sodium channels (VGSC) are a recently identified drug target involved in the breast cancer invasion mechanism. VGSCs participate in the acidification of the perimembrane, activating the cysteine proteases, cathepsin B and S, thereby triggering the proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and the basement membrane, thereby promoting cell invasion. Highly aggressive, invasive breast cancer cells dramatically overexpress one subtype of VGSC, nNav1.5. Described here are the design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of drug-like, small molecule blockers of nNav1.5 that are potential therapeutic agents for the prevention of breast cancer metastasis. Initially, five compounds were designed and synthesized based …

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Managing Multiple Roles As A School Leader: A Phenomenological Study Of Female Alabama High School Principals, Amanda Webb Esslinger Jan 2016

Managing Multiple Roles As A School Leader: A Phenomenological Study Of Female Alabama High School Principals, Amanda Webb Esslinger

All ETDs from UAB

The United States Department of Labor (2012) provided that women’s participation in the workforce has grown over the past 50 years. With increased responsibilities outside of the home, many women are experiencing work-family conflict (Shakeshaft, 1989). With a focus on educational leadership, this study examined how female high school principals navigated multiple roles and the strategies they implemented to minimize conflict. The participants acknowledged that as high school principals they occupy multiple professional roles which require a great deal of their time and energy. The demands and emotional nature of their principalships created conflict with their family roles. The participants …

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Copper Chaperone In Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Formation And Dispersion Of Biofilms By Small Molecules, Sandra Stephanie Garcia Jan 2016

Copper Chaperone In Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Formation And Dispersion Of Biofilms By Small Molecules, Sandra Stephanie Garcia

All ETDs from UAB

program pilot study randomly assigned 100 women, aged 19 to 25 to two groups. One

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Serum Vitamin D And C-Reactive Protein: Predictors Of Glucose Control In African-Americans With Type 2 Diabetes?, Mary Luree Garvin-Surpris Jan 2016

Serum Vitamin D And C-Reactive Protein: Predictors Of Glucose Control In African-Americans With Type 2 Diabetes?, Mary Luree Garvin-Surpris

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction African-Americans experience more years of life lost as a result of complications from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than any other racial or ethnic group. Evidence suggests that serum 25(OH)D (serum vitamin D), generally low in African-Americans, may play a role in glucose control. In addition, elevated levels of chronic low-grade inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), may also relate to glucose control. The purposes of this study were to determine whether serum 25(OH)D and CRP are independent predictors of glucose control in adult African-Americans with T2DM, after controlling for other factors associated with glucose control, and to examine …

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Neurobiological Consequences Of Perinatal Ssri Exposure, Matthew Edward Glover Jan 2016

Neurobiological Consequences Of Perinatal Ssri Exposure, Matthew Edward Glover

All ETDs from UAB

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been a mainstay pharmacological treatment for women experiencing depression during pregnancy and postpartum for nearly three decades. Recently, though, growing evidence indicates that early-life SSRI exposure triggers long-lasting behavioral abnormalities. Clinically, children exposed to SSRIs in early life exhibit increased internalizing behavior, reduced social behavior, and increased risk for depression in adolescence. Similarly, in rodents, perinatal SSRI exposure leads to increased traits of anxiety- and depression-like behavior. Interestingly, certain individuals are more susceptible to early-life SSRI exposure than others, suggesting that perinatal SSRI exposure poses greater risks for negative outcome within certain populations; however, …

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Cultural And Gender Differences In Child Abuse Risk In African American And White Expectant Mothers And Fathers, Anjali Gowda Jan 2016

Cultural And Gender Differences In Child Abuse Risk In African American And White Expectant Mothers And Fathers, Anjali Gowda

All ETDs from UAB

Previous maltreatment literature examining child physical abuse risk has not effectively examined cultural nuances in risk and protective factors. Further, research has relied heavily upon maternal only samples, limiting our understanding of paternal risk factors. The current study examined macro-level variables (i.e., racial identification and gender role ideologies) in conjunction with individual-level factors (i.e., attribution of child intent and acceptability of abuse) as they relate to parental abuse risk. The study employed explicit and implicit measures administered to 142 African American and White first-time expectant mother and father dyads. Study hypotheses were partially supported, identifying both consistencies and inconsistencies across …

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Clustering Phish Using The Simple Set Comparison Tool, Jason Robert Britt Jan 2016

Clustering Phish Using The Simple Set Comparison Tool, Jason Robert Britt

All ETDs from UAB

Phishing has been a problem since before the early 2000s and has only become more prevalent and diverse since. Phishing countermeasures have been developed and used to prevent or mitigate phishing attacks. However, each countermeasure has pros and cons and not every countermeasure is effective in every situation. Choosing the best suited phishing countermeasure or combination of phishing countermeasures to use and track their effectiveness requires grouping phish based upon common characteristics and tactics used by phish or phish grouping. To be effective phish grouping needs to produce dependable groupings, quickly produce groups, and analyze large volumes of phish. This …

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Phenotypes, Samantha G. Bromfield Jan 2016

Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Phenotypes, Samantha G. Bromfield

All ETDs from UAB

Hypertension and diabetes are common and are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several blood pressure (BP) phenotypes, identified by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), have been reported to be associated with an increased risk for CVD. However, there are few data on ABPM phenotypes among individuals with diabetes. Identifying modifiable factors that improve cardiovascular health may reduce CVD events and the prevalence of ABPM phenotypes, such as masked hypertension. Given the ability of ABPM to identify unconventional BP phenotypes that provide prognostic information beyond clinic BP, it is important to understand the optimal number of 24-hour ABPM readings necessary …

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Igniting The Path To Reading Success: Torchbearer Principals' Perceptions Of Reading Instruction, Vilveca Bryant Jan 2016

Igniting The Path To Reading Success: Torchbearer Principals' Perceptions Of Reading Instruction, Vilveca Bryant

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore principal perceptions of how reading scores improved in high-poverty, high-performing schools in Alabama that had achieved Torchbearer School status. In 2005, the Alabama State Department of Education began bestowing the honor of Torchbearer schools to schools in high poverty areas throughout the state that have achieved high academic performance in Reading and Math. The goal of this qualitative study was to understand principal experiences and the essence of what it meant to be a principal of a successful high poverty school, to hear the voices of the participants. Participant descriptions revealed …

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Conceptualizations Of Health And Health Communication By Clergy In Jefferson County, Alabama: A Qualitative Exploration, Anthony David Campbell Jan 2016

Conceptualizations Of Health And Health Communication By Clergy In Jefferson County, Alabama: A Qualitative Exploration, Anthony David Campbell

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine how clergy define health and how they communicate health messages to their congregations and communities. Clergy are influential figures who fulfill a variety of roles outside of their unique pastoral responsibilities, including serving as a source of health-related information and resources. Little is known about how clergy perceive the role of churches and their own role in health and health ministry. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 32 African American and white clergy members from a variety of religious denominations in Jefferson County, Alabama between January 2015 and February 2016. Data were …

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Use Of Medicare Inpatient Claims Data For The Identification Of Myocardial Infarction, Lisandro Damian Colantonio Jan 2016

Use Of Medicare Inpatient Claims Data For The Identification Of Myocardial Infarction, Lisandro Damian Colantonio

All ETDs from UAB

Claims are being used for the identification of myocardial infarctions (MI) in research studies, either as a complement of primary data collection or as the sole data source. However, few data are available to support these approaches. The current dissertation analyzes the use of claims for the identification of MIs in a large population-based cohort linked to Medicare data, the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. Analyses included 9,951 study participants ≥65 years of age with Medicare Part A (inpatient) fee-for-service coverage at baseline in 2003-2007. Participant self-report and Medicare inpatient claims with a diagnosis code for …

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Parental Acculturation And Adolescent Depression, Serra Sevde Aydogan Jan 2016

Parental Acculturation And Adolescent Depression, Serra Sevde Aydogan

All ETDs from UAB

This study investigates whether or not parental acculturation is associated with depression levels among youth in US-based immigrant families. Previous research has shown that even though individual acculturation is negatively correlated with adolescents’ good mental health, parental acculturation is associated with higher levels of mental health among youth. This study elaborates on these prior findings by using a large national sample of immigrant children ages 13-14 and considering the mediating role of social ties and social support. Data for the study are derived from the Children of Immigrant Longitudinal Study to examine the relationship between parental acculturation and youth depression. …

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Exploring Bacteriophage P22 As A Selective Molecular Scaffold And Molecular Sensor, Gregory Joseph Bedwell Jan 2016

Exploring Bacteriophage P22 As A Selective Molecular Scaffold And Molecular Sensor, Gregory Joseph Bedwell

All ETDs from UAB

The virus capsids of many dsDNA bacteriophage are finely tuned macromolecular machines. Their functionality begins at assembly, when their capsids are built under the guidance of a class of proteins referred to as scaffolding proteins. The scaffolding protein of bacteriophage P22 is a flexible, highly elongated protein that binds to the interior surface of the P22 procapsid via its C-terminal domain. The finding that N-terminus is dispensable for procapsid binding prompted the development of chimeric scaffolding protein molecules, wherein N-terminal residues of scaffold are replaced with a variety of different peptide sequences or functional proteins that are then encapsidated within …

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Methods For Measuring Individually Experienced Temperature And Food Intake In Controlled Thermal Environments, Molly Bernhard Jan 2016

Methods For Measuring Individually Experienced Temperature And Food Intake In Controlled Thermal Environments, Molly Bernhard

All ETDs from UAB

The three studies to be presented assess individual-level heat exposure in free-living urban and rural environments and assess food intake in randomized controlled trials in a 2-hour exposure, and a 7-hour crossover heat exposure. The first interest was broad: examining heat exposure and its relation to potential health outcomes. To examine whether heat exposure could be measured in free-living organisms, a light and temperature monitoring device was repurposed and used in a pilot study of individual-level heat exposure in urban and rural community members. Differences between the current and most commonly accepted way of estimating heat exposure, weather station datasets, …

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A Comparison Of Soft Tissue Topographical Norms For The Local Ethnic People Of Zimbabwe And African American Norms Based On 3dmd Soft Tissue Photography, Elvin Bhaskar Jan 2016

A Comparison Of Soft Tissue Topographical Norms For The Local Ethnic People Of Zimbabwe And African American Norms Based On 3dmd Soft Tissue Photography, Elvin Bhaskar

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the soft tissue topographical norms for the local ethnic people of Zimbabwe and compare them with the African American norms based on 3dMD soft tissue photography. The rationale for the study is to evaluate how the soft tissue drape over the facial skeleton correlates with the different soft tissue analysis widely available today. This study seeks to establish an average base on which clinicians can treat people according to their cultural esthetic perceptions. Previous reported studies only evaluate small numbers of populations and it is well known that different races and …

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Structure-Function Relationships In The Sec7 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Gbf1, Jay Manoj Bhatt Jan 2016

Structure-Function Relationships In The Sec7 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Gbf1, Jay Manoj Bhatt

All ETDs from UAB

All eukaryotic cells contain a secretory pathway composed of membrane-bound compartments connected by vesicles that transport cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the Golgi apparatus to various destination within and outside the cell. The Golgi Brefeldin A-resistant Factor 1 (GBF1) is required for protein traffic between ER and Golgi and within the Golgi. GBF1 belongs to a family of Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) that stimulate the nucleotide exchange of GDP for GTP on small GTPases called ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs). Once GTP-bound, ARFs become active and initiate a cascade of events that lead to vesicle formation. Thus, GBF1 is …

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Performance Of Ordinary Least Squares And Heteroskedasticity Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimators In Heteroskedastic Analysis Of Covariance Models, Erica Lynn Dawson Jan 2016

Performance Of Ordinary Least Squares And Heteroskedasticity Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimators In Heteroskedastic Analysis Of Covariance Models, Erica Lynn Dawson

All ETDs from UAB

Ordinary Least Squares Optimization is one of the most widely used methods in statistical analysis to estimate the parameters of a general linear model. Yet, when the assumption of homoskedastic errors is violated, the statistical model is incorrectly specified and alteration of both Type I and Type II error rates occurs. We examine different heteroskedasticity consistent covariance matrix estimators (HCCM) under various heteroskedastic analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models with orthogonal predictors, and find that under the test of group differences, MacKinnon and White’s HC2 and Davidson and MacKinnon’s HC3 perform reasonably well in terms of Type I error control; and …

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Telephone Versus Face To Face Palliative Care Consults During Referral, John Weru Jan 2016

Telephone Versus Face To Face Palliative Care Consults During Referral, John Weru

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Palliative care aims at ameliorating patients and families suffering when they are faced with life-limiting illnesses. It involves symptoms management as well as psychosocial, spiritual support. As such, proper communication between clinicians taking care of the patient is an important aspect of this care. Studies have shown that errors in communication are common and relevant in palliative care as they negatively impact on the quality of care provided. The service at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi (AKUHN) provides both in and out patient consult services. Primary physicians to patients consult the palliative care team via telephone models as well …

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Measuring Reproductive Norms And Stigma And Examining Their Roles In Unintended Pregnancy-Related Health Behavior Among Young Adult Women, Whitney Smith Jan 2016

Measuring Reproductive Norms And Stigma And Examining Their Roles In Unintended Pregnancy-Related Health Behavior Among Young Adult Women, Whitney Smith

All ETDs from UAB

Substantial disparities are observed in rates of unintended pregnancy and the health consequences of unintended pregnancy in the United States, with these events and outcomes occurring more frequently among young adult women and women in the southern region. The contribution of social norms and stigma to these disparities is unclear. This dissertation is comprised of three manuscripts examining unintended pregnancy-related norms and stigma, and their health implications among young adult women aged 18-24 in Birmingham, Alabama. The aims of the dissertation are to (1) elucidate perceptions of norms and stigma regarding unintended pregnancy and pregnancy decisions (abortion, adoption, and parenting), …

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The Function Of Prmt1 In Normal And Abnormal Megakaryopoiesis, Hairui Su Jan 2016

The Function Of Prmt1 In Normal And Abnormal Megakaryopoiesis, Hairui Su

All ETDs from UAB

Protein arginine methylation is a common type of post-translational modifications. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is the predominant PRMT that is involved in diverse physiological and pathological processes in mammalian cells. Dysregulation of PRMT1 is often positively correlated with cancer development, yet many aspects of PRMT1’s role in cancer, especially in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) remain unclear. We identified two PRMT1-methylated substrates and how they impact normal and abnormal megakaryopoiesis. In this dissertation, we demonstrate that dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) and RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15), two crucial factors for megakaryocytic (MK) differentiation, are methylated by PRMT1 and …

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The Roles Of Il-21 And Il-10 In Cellular And Humoral Immune Responses, Yuan Tian Jan 2016

The Roles Of Il-21 And Il-10 In Cellular And Humoral Immune Responses, Yuan Tian

All ETDs from UAB

values, it may be more appropriate to use CH

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Liberty And Collaboration For All: A Case Study On Collective Impact, Social Capital, And Community Inclusion, Laura Peyton Vickery Jan 2016

Liberty And Collaboration For All: A Case Study On Collective Impact, Social Capital, And Community Inclusion, Laura Peyton Vickery

All ETDs from UAB

Disenfranchised communities often face exclusion at the hands of outside organizations trying to assist. Citizens within the community are excluded and left with few means of actively participating in the conversation and development surrounding these communities. This paper takes the position that the imbalance of power dynamics, where citizens become subjects, does not fully utilize the potential of those inside and those from outside the community. As discussed in Chapter 1, utilizing social capital to build networks and integrate insider and outsider organizations and resources will ultimately create optimization. Chapter 2 uncovers historical examples of civic life and a new …

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Investigating The Mechanisms Of Dopaminergic Signaling In Regulating Refractive Error, Alexander Hadwyn Ward Jan 2016

Investigating The Mechanisms Of Dopaminergic Signaling In Regulating Refractive Error, Alexander Hadwyn Ward

All ETDs from UAB

Myopia is a significant public health problem. Most juvenile-onset myopia occurs because the eye becomes too long for its own optics. We study mechanisms regulating refractive error in an animal model, the tree shrew (Tupaia glis belangeri), a mammal closely related to primates. We use translucent diffusers to induce form deprivation myo-pia (FDM). A role of the retinal dopaminergic system has been validated during the de-velopment of FDM. In this study, in Specific Aim 1, we used intravitreal injections as a way to deliver sub-stances to the retina to investigate their effect on eye growth and induced myopia. However, a …

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Egesta Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus Promote Weight Gain In The Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei, Karen Elizabeth Jensen Jan 2016

Egesta Of The Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus Promote Weight Gain In The Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei, Karen Elizabeth Jensen

All ETDs from UAB

Long-term economic and environmental sustainability of aquaculture will be dependent on utilization of novel nutrient sources and remediation of effluent streams. Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is a method intended to maximize productivity and minimize waste by strategically reusing effluent from a primary, fed species in the production of one or more secondary, extractive species. Such relationships are based on the trophic role of the fed and extractive species in question. Sea urchin egesta are thought to play a role in nutrient cycling in natural habitats by providing an energy source for many coprophagous deposit feeders, suspension feeders, and microbes. The …

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Comparing The Quality Of End Of Life Cancer Care In The Medicare Population Prior To And After The Enactment Of The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement And Modernization Act Of 2003, Rene Jooste Jan 2016

Comparing The Quality Of End Of Life Cancer Care In The Medicare Population Prior To And After The Enactment Of The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement And Modernization Act Of 2003, Rene Jooste

All ETDs from UAB

Reimbursement for chemotherapy could account for two thirds of the income for oncologists in private practice. The Medicare prescription drug improvement and modernization act of 2003 (MMA) brought about a dramatic change in the way physicians were reimbursed for delivering chemotherapy in an attempt to slow the skyrocketing costs of drugs and Medicare costs for covering these drugs . The MMA reduced Medicare reimbursements for covered outpatient prescription drugs from 95% to 85% of the average wholesale price. In 2005, a new payment system was instituted that reimbursed fee-for-service providers for drugs at the national average sales price plus 6%. …

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Extrema Based Signal Transforms For Biomedical Signal Analysis, Bhadhan Roy Joy Jan 2016

Extrema Based Signal Transforms For Biomedical Signal Analysis, Bhadhan Roy Joy

All ETDs from UAB

Signal transforms are very important tools to extract useful information from scientific, engineering, or medical raw data. Unfortunately, traditional transform techniques impose unrealistic assumptions on the signal, often producing erroneous interpretation of results. Well-known integral transforms, such as short time Fourier transform, though have fast implementation algorithms (e.g., FFT), are still computationally expensive. They have multiple parameters that should be tuned, and it is not readily clear how to tune them for long-duration nonstationary signals. To solve these problems, one needs a computationally inexpensive transform with no parameters that will highlight important data aspects. We propose a simple transform based …

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Malaria, Changes In Angiogenesis Factors, Cytokine Profiles And Birth Outcomes, John A. Keenan Jan 2016

Malaria, Changes In Angiogenesis Factors, Cytokine Profiles And Birth Outcomes, John A. Keenan

All ETDs from UAB

Malaria remains an important public health problem, with over three billion people at risk of infection and as many as 214 million new cases each year. Of particular concern is the effect Plasmodium falciparum malaria has on reproductive health. Malaria is responsible for a wide array of adverse birth outcomes including infant death, low birth weight, preterm delivery and small for gestational age. The mechanism by which malaria influences adverse birth outcomes remains poorly understood. Cross-sectional data from 291 women delivering infants in Ghana are used to investigate whether malaria during pregnancy was associated with select cytokines or angiogenesis factors …

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