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2016

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Mechanisms Of Particle Retention And Selection In Suspension-Feeding Bivalves, Maria Rosa Aug 2016

Mechanisms Of Particle Retention And Selection In Suspension-Feeding Bivalves, Maria Rosa

Doctoral Dissertations

Suspension-feeding bivalve molluscs are among the most important groups of benthic organisms in coastal ecosystems, and have evolved a highly effective mucociliary feeding mechanism to process the particulate material to which they are exposed. These selective capabilities are well documented, but the underlying mechanisms remain undefined. This thesis assessed pre- and post-capture particle processes to better understand passive and active selection mechanisms of bivalves. Several questions were posited, including: 1) How do physicochemical interactions affect particle capture and selection; 2) Why are some particles more likely to be rejected or ingested than others; and 3) Is a chemosensory response mechanism …

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Nox2-Derived Oxidative Stress Results In Inefficacy Of Antibiotics Against Post-Influenza S. Aureus Pneumonia., Keer Sun, Vijaya Kumar Yajjala, Christopher Bauer, G. Talmon, Karl J. Fischer, Tammy Kielian, Dennis W. Metzger Aug 2016

Nox2-Derived Oxidative Stress Results In Inefficacy Of Antibiotics Against Post-Influenza S. Aureus Pneumonia., Keer Sun, Vijaya Kumar Yajjala, Christopher Bauer, G. Talmon, Karl J. Fischer, Tammy Kielian, Dennis W. Metzger

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Clinical post-influenza Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia is characterized by extensive lung inflammation associated with severe morbidity and mortality even after appropriate antibiotic treatment. In this study, we show that antibiotics rescue nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (Nox2)-deficient mice but fail to fully protect WT animals from influenza and S. aureus coinfection. Further experiments indicate that the inefficacy of antibiotics against coinfection is attributable to oxidative stress-associated inflammatory lung injury. However, Nox2-induced lung damage during coinfection was not associated with aggravated inflammatory cytokine response or cell infiltration but rather caused by reduced survival of myeloid cells. Specifically, oxidative stress increased …

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Daily Eastern News: August 22, 2016, Eastern Illinois University Aug 2016

Daily Eastern News: August 22, 2016, Eastern Illinois University

August

No abstract provided.

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How Did The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impact Deep-Sea Ecosystems?, Charles R. Fisher, Paul A. Montagna, Tracey T. Sutton Aug 2016

How Did The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impact Deep-Sea Ecosystems?, Charles R. Fisher, Paul A. Montagna, Tracey T. Sutton

C-IMAGE Publications

Approximately 90% of the volume of the Gulf of Mexico is contained in water deeper than 200 m, a region where the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) blowout had more impact on ecosystems than any previous oil spill. The remoteness and relative inaccessibility of the deep sea makes documenting even acute impacts to the animals that live in this realm difficult. This article reviews Natural Resource Damage Assessment studies and follow-up work funded as part of the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative that targeted deepwater pelagic and benthic fauna. Oil was incorporated into the pelagic food web, and a reduction in planktonic …

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Responses Of Microbial Communities To Hydrocarbon Exposures, Samantha B. Joye, Sara Kleindienst, Jack A. Gilbert, Kim M. Handley, Pamela Weisenhorn, Will A. Overholt, Joel E. Kostka Aug 2016

Responses Of Microbial Communities To Hydrocarbon Exposures, Samantha B. Joye, Sara Kleindienst, Jack A. Gilbert, Kim M. Handley, Pamela Weisenhorn, Will A. Overholt, Joel E. Kostka

C-IMAGE Publications

The responses of microbial communities to hydrocarbon exposures are complex and variable, driven to a large extent by the nature of hydrocarbon infusion, local environmental conditions, and factors that regulate microbial physiology (e.g., substrate and nutrient availability). Although present at low abundance in the ocean, hydrocarbon-degrading seed populations are widely distributed, and they respond rapidly to hydrocarbon inputs at natural and anthropogenic sources. Microbiomes from environments impacted by hydrocarbon discharge may appear similar at a higher taxonomic rank (e.g., genus level) but diverge at increasing phylogenetic resolution (e.g., sub-OTU [operational taxonomic unit] levels). Such subtle changes are detectable by computational …

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Examining The Effects Of Chromatic Aberration, Object Distance, And Eye Shape On Image-Formation In The Mirror-Based Eyes Of The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians, Daniel Isaac Speiser, Yakir Luc Gagnon, Raghav K. Chhetri, Amy L. Oldenburg, Sönke Johnsen Aug 2016

Examining The Effects Of Chromatic Aberration, Object Distance, And Eye Shape On Image-Formation In The Mirror-Based Eyes Of The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians, Daniel Isaac Speiser, Yakir Luc Gagnon, Raghav K. Chhetri, Amy L. Oldenburg, Sönke Johnsen

Faculty Publications

The eyes of scallops form images using a concave spherical mirror and contain two separate retinas, one layered on top of the other. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies indicate that the images formed by these eyes have angular resolutions of about 2°. Based on previous ray-tracing models, it has been thought that the more distal of the two retinas lies near the focal point of the mirror and that the proximal retina, positioned closer to the mirror at the back of the eye, receives light that is out-of-focus. Here, we propose three mechanisms through which both retinas may receive focused light: …

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Examining The Effects Of Chromatic Aberration, Object Distance, And Eye Shape On Image-Formation In The Mirror-Based Eyes Of The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians, Daniel Isaac Speiser, Yakir Luc Gagnon, Raghav K. Chhetri, Amy L. Oldenburg, Sönke Johnsen Aug 2016

Examining The Effects Of Chromatic Aberration, Object Distance, And Eye Shape On Image-Formation In The Mirror-Based Eyes Of The Bay Scallop Argopecten Irradians, Daniel Isaac Speiser, Yakir Luc Gagnon, Raghav K. Chhetri, Amy L. Oldenburg, Sönke Johnsen

Faculty Publications

The eyes of scallops form images using a concave spherical mirror and contain two separate retinas, one layered on top of the other. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies indicate that the images formed by these eyes have angular resolutions of about 28. Based on previous ray-tracing models, it has been thought that the more distal of the two retinas lies near the focal point of the mirror and that the proximal retina, positioned closer to the mirror at the back of the eye, receives light that is out-of-focus. Here, we propose three mechanisms through which both retinas may receive focused light: …

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Effectiveness Of 1:1 Technology In The Science Classroom, Courtney Tara Weiss Aug 2016

Effectiveness Of 1:1 Technology In The Science Classroom, Courtney Tara Weiss

Theses and Dissertations

The purposes of this study were: (a) to determine if using e-text technology in a middle school resource science classroom increases student academic performance, (b) to determine if using e-text technology in a middle school science resource classroom increases student engagement/on-task behavior, and (c) to evaluate student comfort and satisfaction in using an electronic textbook or print textbook in a middle school resource science classroom. Ten middle school students, four in grade 7 and six in grade 8 participated in the study using the Discovery Education Science Techbook and the AGS General Science series. A single subject design with ABABA …

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Bjc Today Aug 2016

Bjc Today

BJC Today

No abstract provided.

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Chemosensory Function In Chronic Smokers: Findings From Nhanes 2011-2014 And An E-Cigarette Intervention, Sarah-Grace Glennon Aug 2016

Chemosensory Function In Chronic Smokers: Findings From Nhanes 2011-2014 And An E-Cigarette Intervention, Sarah-Grace Glennon

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

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Perceived Self-Efficacy And Financial Incentives: Factors Affecting Health Behavior And Body Weight In Individuals With Overweight And Obesity, Julia Ann Simon Aug 2016

Perceived Self-Efficacy And Financial Incentives: Factors Affecting Health Behavior And Body Weight In Individuals With Overweight And Obesity, Julia Ann Simon

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

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August 22, 2016 Aug 2016

August 22, 2016

The Gavel Gazette

No abstract provided.

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Uab Study Finds Potential Treatment Target For Guillain-Barrã© Syndrome, Staff Aug 2016

Uab Study Finds Potential Treatment Target For Guillain-Barrã© Syndrome, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

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Association And Regulation Of Protein Factors Of Field Effect In Prostate Tissues, Kristin N. Gabriel, Anna C. Jones, Julie P.T. Nguyen, Kresta S. Antillon, Sara N. Janos, Heidi N. Overton, Shannon M. Jenkins, Emily H. Frisch, Kristina A. Trujillo, Marco Bisoffi Aug 2016

Association And Regulation Of Protein Factors Of Field Effect In Prostate Tissues, Kristin N. Gabriel, Anna C. Jones, Julie P.T. Nguyen, Kresta S. Antillon, Sara N. Janos, Heidi N. Overton, Shannon M. Jenkins, Emily H. Frisch, Kristina A. Trujillo, Marco Bisoffi

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Field effect or field cancerization denotes the presence of molecular aberrations in structurally intact cells residing in histologically normal tissues adjacent to solid tumors. Currently, the etiology of prostate field‑effect formation is unknown and there is a prominent lack of knowledge of the underlying cellular and molecular pathways. We have previously identified an upregulated expression of several protein factors representative of prostate field effect, i.e., early growth response‑1 (EGR‑1), platelet‑derived growth factor‑A (PDGF‑A), macrophage inhibitory cytokine‑1 (MIC‑1), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in tissues at a distance of 1 cm from the visible margin of intracapsule prostate adenocarcinomas. We have …

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Propers 16 (Pentecost 14) Series C 2016, Phillip L. Brandt Aug 2016

Propers 16 (Pentecost 14) Series C 2016, Phillip L. Brandt

Sunday's Sermon

This PDF comments on the Propers for the Fourteenth Sunday after Pentecost, Series C, and offers ideas for proclamation and preaching.

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Parasite-Related Modification Of Multiple Traits In An Isopod Host, Tracey J. Park Aug 2016

Parasite-Related Modification Of Multiple Traits In An Isopod Host, Tracey J. Park

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Parasites are organisms that live on or in hosts, which they typically require to complete their life cycles. Acanthocephalus dirus is an acanthocephalan parasite that exhibits an indirect life cycle that requires two hosts, with a Caecidotea intermedius isopod as the intermediate host and fishes as the definitive hosts, in order to complete its life cycle. Infected C. intermedius individuals have been observed to have altered hiding behavior, in which they have an increased amount of time exposed to predators. Also, infected C. intermedius individuals have demonstrated an increase in activity patterns, which could increase their conspicuousness to visual predators. …

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Regulation Of Nachrs And Stemness By Nicotine And E-Cigarettes In Nsclc, Courtney Schaal Aug 2016

Regulation Of Nachrs And Stemness By Nicotine And E-Cigarettes In Nsclc, Courtney Schaal

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women, nationally and internationally and kills more people each year than breast, prostate, and colon cancers combined. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common histological subtype of lung cancer, and accounts for 85% of all cases. Cigarette smoking is the single greatest risk factor for lung cancer, and is correlated with 80-90% of all lung cancer deaths. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco smoke, is not a carcinogen and cannot initiate tumors itself; however, it is known to act as a tumor promoter, by enhancing …

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Use Of Agricultural Information Sources And Services By Farmers For Improve Productivity In Kwara State, Emmanuel Olorunnishola Adio, Yusufu Abu, Sheriff Kunle Yusuf, Shehu Nansoh Aug 2016

Use Of Agricultural Information Sources And Services By Farmers For Improve Productivity In Kwara State, Emmanuel Olorunnishola Adio, Yusufu Abu, Sheriff Kunle Yusuf, Shehu Nansoh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study was carried out to investigate the use of agricultural information sources and services by farmers for improve productivity in Kwara state, Nigeria. The objectives of the study was to determine the information sources and services available to farmers in Kwara State and assess the purpose for which farmers in kwara state utilize available information sources and services. The study adopted the survey design in a population of 55,522 farmers from whom 447 were sampled in six local government areas, which were made up of two from each of the three senatorial districts in the State. Questionnaire and interviews …

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Social Defeat Stress Induces Depression-Like Behavior And Alters Spine Morphology In The Hippocampus Of Adolescent Male C57bl/6 Mice, Sergio D. Iñiguez, Antonio Aubry, Lace M. Riggs, Jason B. Alipio, Roseanna M. Zanca, Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez, Mirella A. Hernandez, Steven J. Nieto, David Musheyev, Peter Serrano Aug 2016

Social Defeat Stress Induces Depression-Like Behavior And Alters Spine Morphology In The Hippocampus Of Adolescent Male C57bl/6 Mice, Sergio D. Iñiguez, Antonio Aubry, Lace M. Riggs, Jason B. Alipio, Roseanna M. Zanca, Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez, Mirella A. Hernandez, Steven J. Nieto, David Musheyev, Peter Serrano

Publications and Research

Social stress, including bullying during adolescence, is a risk factor for common psychopathologies such as depression. To investigate the neural mechanisms associated with juvenile social stress-induced mood-related endophenotypes, we examined the behavioral, morphological, and biochemical effects of the social defeat stress model of depression on hippocampal dendritic spines within the CA1 stratum radiatum. Adolescent (postnatal day 35) male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to defeat episodes for 10 consecutive days. Twenty-four h later, separate groups of mice were tested on the social interaction and tail suspension tests. Hippocampi were then dissected and Western blots were conducted to quantify protein levels for …

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August 20, 2016 (Pages 5059-5462), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau Aug 2016

August 20, 2016 (Pages 5059-5462), Pennsylvania Legislative Reference Bureau

Volume 46 (2016)

No abstract provided.

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Burt Lake Watershed Planning Project: Biological Management Plan, Jenna Lyons Aug 2016

Burt Lake Watershed Planning Project: Biological Management Plan, Jenna Lyons

Honors Projects

In order to provide a management plan for Burt Lake, a survey was conducted from July to August in which potential habitat was surveyed for the reintroduction of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). This was done so by evaluating physical parameters of Burt Lake and the surrounding tributaries, presence and absence of invasive plants and unknown algae, and presence of crayfish. For sturgeon habitat, sediment and physical properties (light, temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity) were sampled on 14 sites in Burt Lake . Similar measurements and samples were also taken in 3 sites on each of the surrounding tributaries, with …

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To Bee Or Not To Bee?, Shimon Edelman, Roy Moyal, Tomer Fekete Aug 2016

To Bee Or Not To Bee?, Shimon Edelman, Roy Moyal, Tomer Fekete

Animal Sentience

Klein & Barron’s (2016) (K & B’s) case for insect consciousness is a welcome development in an area that, in all of the science and philosophy of mind, is probably the most anthropocentric. In this commentary, we seek to strengthen K & B’s side of the argument by appealing not just to putative neural mechanisms but also to computational theory that supports it (section 1). We also offer some remarks on three distinctions that are relevant to K & B’s thesis and are central to phenomenal awareness: between the capacity for awareness and its contents (section 2); between …

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No Proof For Subjective Experience In Insects, Holk Cruse, Malte Schilling Aug 2016

No Proof For Subjective Experience In Insects, Holk Cruse, Malte Schilling

Animal Sentience

Klein & Barron (2016) provide an inspiring review collecting arguments that show quite related functions in humans and insects. Here we extend the comparison to robots, and formulate two critical objections. One concerns an epistemological question related to the phenomenon of subjective experience. The other questions whether insects need integrated spatiotemporal modeling for navigation.

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Consciousness As Integrated Perception, Motivation, Cognition, And Action, Murray Shanahan Aug 2016

Consciousness As Integrated Perception, Motivation, Cognition, And Action, Murray Shanahan

Animal Sentience

This commentary has two aims: first to clarify the behavioural grounds for the ascription of consciousness to non-human animals (including insects), and second to show how Klein & Barron’s views can be reconciled with the core claims of global workspace theory.

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What Kinds Of People Believe Animals Go To Heaven?, Harold Herzog Aug 2016

What Kinds Of People Believe Animals Go To Heaven?, Harold Herzog

'Animals and Us' Blog Posts

Two new studies reveal what people think about the afterlives of animals.

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Ease On Down The Road: From Diagnosis To Graduation And Beyond, An Auto-Ethnography, Amber M. Alford Aug 2016

Ease On Down The Road: From Diagnosis To Graduation And Beyond, An Auto-Ethnography, Amber M. Alford

Capstone Collection

This study was envisioned following a personal acknowledgement of perceived suppression of the author’s “unorthodox” approach to the research design process resulting in the desire to explore the role of the researcher’s experience in research design and ultimately in higher education. The author began feeling lost and overwhelmed in the pursuit of her Master of Arts degree. She felt that her particular values and methodology were not being validated or supported. Through the use of narrative, the author analyzes her own experience navigating higher education as one of the first in her entire family to do so, with the added …

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Molecular Mechanisms Involved In Neurotoxicity Mediated By Hiv Proteins And Drug Abuse, Yu Cai Aug 2016

Molecular Mechanisms Involved In Neurotoxicity Mediated By Hiv Proteins And Drug Abuse, Yu Cai

Theses & Dissertations

While the advancement of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed the course of HIV/AIDS from a death sentence to a manageable chronic condition, the prevalence of a constellation of neurological disorders collectively termed as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continues to persist in these patients. HAND is characterized by cognitive dysfunction, depression, impaired memory and/or deficits in motor skills. The underlying factors leading to HAND have been the subject of extensive research and are thought to be associated with HIV infection in the CNS combined with robust immune activation of resident cells of the CNS. In addition, there is a …

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Daily Eastern News: August 19, 2016, Eastern Illinois University Aug 2016

Daily Eastern News: August 19, 2016, Eastern Illinois University

August

No abstract provided.

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How Do Connection And Hopeful Action Support Resilient Community?, Catherine Gormley Aug 2016

How Do Connection And Hopeful Action Support Resilient Community?, Catherine Gormley

Capstone Collection

This capstone arises from the course, Initiatives in Peacebuilding (IPB). As a graduate student focusing on Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation, IPB was a required course whose content propelled me toward the study of resource conflicts. Advancing from that study, I chose to practice strategies to lessen these conflicts by means of positive action. Facing two challenges—that Earth’s natural resources are finite and that excessive use of fossil fuels has caused destructive climate change—I wondered how to help transform human awareness to value the conservation of resources and the abatement of climate change. My research brought me to Joanna Macy, an …

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Forced Exercise Increases Muscle Mass In Eae Despite Early Onset Of Disability, D. I. Patel, L. J. White, V. A. Lira, D. S. Criswell Aug 2016

Forced Exercise Increases Muscle Mass In Eae Despite Early Onset Of Disability, D. I. Patel, L. J. White, V. A. Lira, D. S. Criswell

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We aimed to determine whether 10 days of treadmill exercise can increase skeletal muscle mass and intramuscular concentrations of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Forty female Lewis rats were randomly assigned to either EAE sedentary (EAE-Sed), EAE exercise (EAE-Ex), Control sedentary (Con-Sed) and Control exercise (Con-Ex). Exercising animals completed a 10 day forced exercising training program. Hind limb skeletal muscles were excised and weighed with soleus muscle used for BDNF and NGF quantification. Statistical analysis was done using a one-way analysis of variance. Disability was more pronounced in the EAE-Ex …

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