Handcrafted Microwire Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces With Wireless Neural Recording And Stimulation Capabilities, Ali Ajam, Ridwan Hossain, Nishat Tasnim, Luis Castanuela, Raul Ramos, Dong-Chul Kim, Yoonsu Choi

Computer Science Faculty Publications

A scalable microwire peripheral nerve interface was developed, which interacted with regenerated peripheral nerves in microchannel scaffolds. Neural interface technologies are envisioned to facilitate direct connections between the nervous system and external technologies such as limb prosthetics or data acquisition systems for further processing. Presented here is an animal study using a handcrafted microwire regenerative peripheral nerve interface, a novel neural interface device for communicating with peripheral nerves. The neural interface studies using animal models are crucial in the evaluation of efficacy and safety of implantable medical devices before their use in clinical studies. 16- electrode microwire microchannel scaffolds were …

International Cooperation To Improve Access To And Sustain Effectiveness Of Antimicrobials, Christine Årdal, Kevin Outterson, Steven Hoffman, Abdul Ghafur, Mike Sharland, Nisha Ranganathan, Richard Smith, Anna Zorzet, Jennifer Cohn, Didier Pittet, Nils Daulaire, Chantal Morel, Zain Rizvi, Manica Balasegaram, Osman Dar, David Heymann, Alison Holmes, Luke Moore, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Marc Mendelson, John-Arne Røttingen

Faculty Scholarship

Securing access to effective antimicrobials is one of the greatest challenges today. Until now, efforts to address this issue have been isolated and uncoordinated, with little focus on sustainable and international solutions. Global collective action is necessary to improve access to life-saving antimicrobials, conserving them, and ensuring continued innovation. Access, conservation, and innovation are beneficial when achieved independently, but much more effective and sustainable if implemented in concert within and across countries. WHO alone will not be able to drive these actions. It will require a multisector response (including the health, agriculture, and veterinary sectors), global coordination, and financing mechanisms …

#Blacklivesmatter: This Generation's Civil Rights Movement, Tanika Siscoe

University Honors Theses

Do Black Lives Matter or do All Lives Matter? That question has been the cause of many debates and conversations across America recently. The All Lives Matter response was created to criticize the Black Lives Matter Movement and operates under the assumption that the movement isn’t needed in America because it is a post racial society. This thesis reviews race theories, racial formation in the United States and racist ideology in the pre- and post-Civil Rights era in order to show why the Black Lives Matter Movement is needed. It looks at the influence colorblindness has on the United States …

God As Cult Initiate: Dionysos And The Eleusinian Mysteries In Greek Vase-Painting, Anthony F. Mangieri

Art Inquiries

No abstract provided.

From Audubon To Warhol: The Art Of American Still Life, Stephanie Huber

Art Inquiries

No abstract provided.

The Last Laugh: Selections From Michael Aurbach’S Secrecy Series, Dorothy Joiner

Art Inquiries

No abstract provided.

Drawing In Silver And Gold: Leonardo To Jasper Johns, Sophia Quach Mccabe

Art Inquiries

No abstract provided.

Picture Titles: How And Why Western Paintings Acquired Their Names, Colleen Truax Yarger

Art Inquiries

Book review of Picture Titles: How and Why Western Paintings Acquired Their Names, by Ruth Bernard Yeazell.

Taking Trust Seriously In Privacy Law, Neil Richards, Woodrow Hartzog

Faculty Scholarship

Trust is beautiful. The willingness to accept vulnerability to the actions of others is the essential ingredient for friendship, commerce, transportation, and virtually every other activity that involves other people. It allows us to build things, and it allows us to grow. Trust is everywhere, but particularly at the core of the information relationships that have come to characterize our modern, digital lives. Relationships between people and their ISPs, social networks, and hired professionals are typically understood in terms of privacy. But the way we have talked about privacy has a pessimism problem – privacy is conceptualized in negative terms, …

Book Note: Why Love Leads To Justice: Love Across The Boundaries, By David A.J. Richards, Hannah Ordman

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

MUCH FEMINIST SCHOLARSHIP HAS GRAPPLED with the concept of love in its many forms. Modern love has been understood as a manifestation of harmful patriarchal values, a “curse”2 that confines women to rigid gender norms of femininity and passivity.3 However, love has been reclaimed and reconceptualised by some feminists as a powerful force for resisting these patriarchal norms and encouraging self-realization among women, men, and others.4 David A.J. Richards’s Why Love Leads to Justice makes a valiant effort on the latter understanding.5 His thesis is simple: love leads to justice.6 In particular, love that is transgressive, which crosses the boundaries …

Detection Of Poly- And Perfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfass) In U.S. Drinking Water Linked To Industrial Sites, Military Fire Training Areas, And Wastewater Treatment Plants, Xindi C. Hu, David Q. Andrews, Andrew B. Lindstrom, Thomas A. Bruton, Laurel A. Schaider, Philippe Grandjean, Rainer Lohmann, Courtney C. Carignan, Arlene Blum, Simona A. Balan, Christopher P. Higgins, Elise M. Sunderland

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Drinking water contamination with poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) poses risks to the developmental, immune, metabolic, and endocrine health of consumers. We present a spatial analysis of 2013–2015 national drinking water PFAS concentrations from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (US EPA) third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR3) program. The number of industrial sites that manufacture or use these compounds, the number of military fire training areas, and the number of wastewater treatment plants are all significant predictors of PFAS detection frequencies and concentrations in public water supplies. Among samples with detectable PFAS levels, each additional military site within a watershed’s …

A Vulnerability Assessment Of Fish And Invertebrates To Climate Change On The Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf, Jonathan A. Hare, Wendy E. Morrison, Mark W. Nelson, Megan M. Stachura, Eric J. Teeters, Roger B. Griffs, Michael A. Alexander, James D. Scott, Larry Alade, Richard J. Bell, Antonie S. Chute, Kiersten L. Curti, Tobey H. Curtis, Daniel Kircheis, John F. Kocik, Sean M. Lucey, Camilla T. Mccandless, Lisa M. Milke, David E. Richardson, Eric Robillard, Harvey J. Walsh, M. Connor Mcmanus, Katrin E. Marancik, Carolyn A. Grisworld

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Climate change and decadal variability are impacting marine fish and invertebrate species worldwide and these impacts will continue for the foreseeable future. Quantitative approaches have been developed to examine climate impacts on productivity, abundance, and distribution of various marine fish and invertebrate species. However, it is difficult to apply these approaches to large numbers of species owing to the lack of mechanistic understanding sufficient for quantitative analyses, as well as the lack of scientific infrastructure to support these more detailed studies. Vulnerability assessments provide a framework for evaluating climate impacts over a broad range of species with existing information. These …

Traits Controlling Body Size In Copepods: Separating General Constraints From Species-Specific Strategies, Neil S. Banas, Robert G. Campbell

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

A new synthesis of laboratory measurements of food-saturated development and growth across diverse copepod taxa was conducted in a theoretical framework that distinguishes general allometric constraints on copepod physiology from contingent strategies that correlate with size for other reasons. After temperature correction, the allometry of growth rate is inconsistent between the ontogeny of Calanus spp., where it follows the classic -0.3 power-law scaling, and a broader spectrum of adult size W_a (0.3 to 2000 µg C, Oithona spp. to Neocalanus spp.), across which the classic scaling appears to represent only an upper limit. Over the full size spectrum, after …

Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Micro-Uavs, Drones) In Plant Ecology, Mitchell B. Cruzan, Ben G. Weinstein, Monica R. Grasty, Brendan F. Kohrn, Elizabeth C. Hendrickson, Tina M. Arredondo, Pamela G. Thompson

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Premise of the study: Low-elevation surveys with small aerial drones (micro–unmanned aerial vehicles [UAVs]) may be used for a wide variety of applications in plant ecology, including mapping vegetation over small- to medium-sized regions. We provide an overview of methods and procedures for conducting surveys and illustrate some of these applications.

Methods: Aerial images were obtained by flying a small drone along transects over the area of interest. Images were used to create a composite image (orthomosaic) and a digital surface model (DSM). Vegetation classification was conducted manually and using an automated routine. Coverage of an individual species …

Estimating The Sustainability Of Towed Fishing-Gear Impacts On Seabed Habitats: A Simple Quantitative Risk Assessment Method Applicable To Data-Limited Fisheries, C. Roland Pitcher, Nick Ellis, Simon Jennings, Jan G. Hiddink, Tessa Mazor, Michel J. Kaiser, Mervi I. Kangas, Robert A. Mcconnaughey, Ana M. Parma, Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp, Petri Suuronen, Jeremy S. Collie, Ricardo Amoroso, Kathryn M. Hughes, Ray Hilborn

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

Summary

1. Impacts of bottom fishing, particularly trawling and dredging, on seabed (benthic) habitats are commonly perceived to pose serious environmental risks. Quantitative ecological risk assessment can be used to evaluate actual risks and to help guide the choice of management measures needed to meet sustainability objectives.
2. We develop and apply a quantitative method for assessing the risks to benthic habitats by towed bottom-fishing gears. The method is based on a simple equation for relative benthic status (RBS), derived by solving the logistic population growth equation for the equilibrium state. Estimating RBS requires only maps of fishing intensity and …

Seasonal Evolution Of Active Layer Formation In Subarctic Peat Plateaux And Implications For Dissolved Organic Matter Composition And Transfer, Jennifer L. Hickman

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Peat-accumulating wetlands are ecosystems whose rate of photosynthetic production of organic matter is greater than that of its decomposition, resulting in a build up of soil organic matter that may take centuries to fully decompose. Carbon (C) stocks within these ecosystems are a function of inputs from photosynthesis, and losses from heterotrophic decomposition. Due to the short growing season and overall cold climate of boreal and tundra regions, C has been accumulating within these landscapes, mostly in soil organic matter, since the last glaciation. Climate change, predicted to result in rising temperatures and increased precipitation, has begun to degrade the …

The Influence Of Abiotic Factors On The Uptake And Elimination Of 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol By Larval Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus), Benjamin Livingston Hlina

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The backbone of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control in the Great Lakes is the use of the piscicide, 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), which is applied to streams containing larval sea lampreys. However, TFM effectiveness can be influenced by abiotic factors such as pH and temperature, which fluctuate daily and seasonally. The objectives of this thesis were to evaluate the influence of pH, temperature, and season on the toxicity, uptake, and elimination of TFM by larval sea lamprey. Radio-labeled TFM (¹⁴C-TFM) was used to determine how TFM uptake rates varied at different water pHs or temperatures during exposure to …

Exploring Institutions, Governance And Collaboration For Regional Integration Of Protected Areas In Québec, Windekind Buteau-Duitschaever Mr.

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Abstract

The concept of protected areas (PAs) has undergone important changes. The goals and purposes of PAs are to conserve animal and plant species, landscapes and ecological processes and to provide for outdoor recreation opportunities. PA management approaches have also undergone important changes. The once widely accepted doctrines of top-down management have been replaced by management models that include a diversity of actors. In some instances, actors are now sharing governing responsibilities with state representatives while in other instances central government has transferred rights, responsibilities and authority to lower levels of government and non-state actors for the planning and management …

Mate Choice And Consequences For Consanguineous Mating In Drosophila Melanogaster, Emily S. Martin

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The ability to discriminate between prospective mates is potentially important not only for the avoidance of unsuccessful or incompatible matings, but also for the selection of higher “quality” mates. Inbreeding, reproduction between closely related individuals, has long enjoyed the attention of biologists, and has classically been associated with fitness consequences that are primarily negative, termed “inbreeding depression”. Indeed, the costs of mating with a relative are well documented across a wide variety of species. If individuals are capable of kin recognition, it is expected that species should evolve to avoid consanguineous matings. However, a number of recent models suggest circumstances …

The Influence Of Real-Time Visual Feedback Training On Vocal Control, Justeena N. Zaki-Azat

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Trained singers have better vocal control when compared to singers without vocal training. The development of precise vocal control, like any motor skill, requires practice with some form of feedback, such as auditory feedback. In addition to auditory feedback, singing training programs use online visual feedback to improve performance accuracy. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the recent body of literature concerning the cognitive processing of vocal control, and apply this knowledge practically to develop an effective real-time visual feedback training program that enhances vocal control. In the first of two studies, non-singers and singers were randomly assigned …

The Sublethal Physiological Effects Of Exposure To Copper And Silver Mixtures On Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Wesley Truong

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The mechanisms behind metal-metal interactions in freshwater environments are currently not well understood. Freshwater environments consist of many different types of metals, from those naturally present such as copper (Cu) and those that originate from anthropogenic sources like silver (Ag). Both Cu and Ag use apical sodium (Na⁺) channels for uptake into the gills of freshwater fish. In the gills, the mechanisms of Cu²⁺ and Ag⁺ toxicity appear to be similar to one another, which is by inhibiting Na⁺ /potassium (K⁺)- adenosine triphosphatase (NKA) and carbonic anhydrase (CA). Inhibition of NKA and CA …

Changes In Brain Water Content In The Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And In The Goldfish (Carassius Auratus) Due To High External Ammonia Exposure, Phillip Q.H. Pham-Ho

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In fishes, hyperammonemia may occur following feeding or exposure to abnormally high concentrations of environmental ammonia due to sewage effluents, agricultural run-off and in crowded aquaculture pens. Increased internal ammonia can result in hyperactivity, convulsions, coma and death. In mammals, it is also associated with potentially fatal brain edema, in which the accumulation of intracellular water results in swelling, increased intracranical pressure and herniation leading to death. Recently it was shown that rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and goldfish (Carassius auratus) experience brain swelling following exposure to high external ammonia (HEA). However, the mechanism of ammonia-induced brain …

Japanese Encephalitis: Assessing Disease Risk Due To Landscape Factors At Multiple Scales, Julia E. Metelka

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Japanese Encephalitis is a mosquito-borne disease and is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia. In many Asian countries, the geographical distribution of JE is dependent on a variety of human-environment interactions that can be conceptualized as a complex social-ecological system. The JE transmission cycle is influenced by a few primary human-landscape factors; the abundance and the spatial configuration of rice paddy fields (which provide habitat for the vector), the distribution of pig farms (which position the virus' amplifying host), and the location of a susceptible human population. Our models integrate population dynamics, landscape characteristics, and weather variables that …

Scalar Short-Term Memory, Tyler D. Bancroft

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The location of the brain’s working and short-term memory (WM/STM) “system” is unclear. The existence of a dedicated WM/STM system is itself under debate. Recently, it has been proposed that WM/STM storage relies not on a dedicated system in prefrontal cortex, but rather that it is an emergent function of interaction between attentional and representational systems (e.g., sensory cortex) in the brain. However, mnemonic representations of very simple stimuli have repeatedly been shown to exist in frontal cortex. In this manuscript, I use computational and behavioural methods to demonstrate similarities between the representations of different types of very simple stimuli …

Phosphorus Removal Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles In Wastewater Treatment, Suyoung Choi Mr.

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Due to eutrophication caused by nutrients such as phosphorus (P), local surface water near military garrisons and camps has been deteriorated for several years in the Republic of Korea. Thus, in order to remove excessive P in local fresh water, various size of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) were used.

In the first investigation, TiO₂ mixed bulk powder (particle size > 5µm) showed maximum P removal with pH dependence (higher pH shows lower P removal), that was approximately 27%. To determine adsorption isotherms, Langmuir and Freudlich models were used. The experimental data was better fit by a Langmuir model compared …

Metabolic Scaling Physiology And The Uptake, Elimination And Toxicity Of Tfm (3-Trifluoromethyl-4-Nitrophenol) To Invasive Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon Marinus), Laura R. Tessier

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) have a complex life cycle that involves a parasitic phase in which they feed on the blood and bodily fluids of large piscivorous fishes. Following the invasion of the Great Lakes by sea lampreys in the early 20^th century, sea lamprey parasitism contributed to major declines in the populations of commercial and sports fisheries in that basin. The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM), developed in the late 1950s,is now routinely applied to tributaries of the Great Lakes to control sea lamprey populations. This lampricide is selectively toxic to larval sea lampreys, which typically reside as …

Exploring How Parents Influence Role Acceptance Of Youth Athletes Through Multiple Perspectives, Michael J. Godfrey

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Role acceptance refers to the willingness of an athlete to fulfill expected role responsibilities (Benson, Eys, Surya, Dawson, & Schneider, 2013). Researchers have proposed several potential antecedents of role acceptance, one of which emphasized the influence of parents in this process (Eys et al., in preparation). With this in mind, the general purpose of the present study was to examine how parents influence the role acceptance process through multiple perspectives (e.g., parents, athletes, and coaches). To achieve this objective, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 participants (7 parents, 7 athletes, and 5 coaches) from four different types of interdependent team …

Strange Compositions: Chemistry And Its Occult History In Victorian Speculative Fiction, Susan Hroncek

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This dissertation examines how depictions of chemistry in Victorian literature are influenced by concerns regarding the history of chemistry and its relationship to the occult. Among these depictions, I consider non-fiction writings of the period, such as histories of science and articles from periodicals, but I focus on novels that prominently feature chemistry, including Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s A Strange Story (1862), Robert Louis Stevenson’s Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), George Griffith’s Olga Romanoff (1894), T. Mullet Ellis’s Zalma (1895), and Richard Marsh’s The Beetle (1897). These texts link chemistry with its origins in alchemy, the occult, and …

Causes And Consequences Of Variation In Female Mate Choice And Its Relation To Sexual Conflict In Drosophila Melanogaster, David Cs Filice

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Female mate choice is a significant driving force of evolutionary change and can explain the evolution of exaggerated male traits and/or displays, and dimorphism between the sexes. Females are thought to choose mates based on the greatest provision of direct or indirect benefits. Despite this, we often still see substantial individual variation in female mate choice behaviours both within and across populations. Recent studies suggest that female mate choice is a complex decision-making process that involves many context-dependent factors. However, the precise sources of this variation, such as previous mating experience, are not completely understood. In Drosophila melanogaster, mating …

Contemporary Practice Of The United States Relating To International Law, July 2016, Kristina Daugirdas, Julian Davis Mortenson

Articles

In this section: • U.S. Supreme Court Upholds Law Facilitating Compensation for Victims of Iranian Terrorism • Russia Argues Enhanced Military Presence in Europe Violates NATO-Russia Agreement; United States Criticizes Russian Military Maneuvers over the Baltic Sea as Inconsistent with Bilateral Treaty Governing Incidents at Sea • U.S. Secretary of State Determines ISIL Is Responsible for Genocide • United States Blocks Reappointment of WTO Appellate Body Member • U.S. Department of Defense Releases Report of Investigation Finding That October 2015 Air Strike on Doctors Without Borders Hospital in Kunduz, Afghanistan, Was Not a War Crime • United States Expands Air …