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2015

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Probing Dna Dynamics With Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy, Tomasz Bakowski Dec 2015

Probing Dna Dynamics With Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy, Tomasz Bakowski

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

DNA Polymer dynamics are fundamental to the function of biological systems. Examples include gene regulation, cell division, threading and transport through pores. We address the limitations of previous experimental studies of polymer dynamics by designing, building, and characterizing a novel, custom Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) system. We detail the optical considerations for quantitatively describing and shaping the confocal volume. The hardware is supplemented by a robust theoretical foundation of correlation analysis and how it applies to polymer dynamics. We carry this theory through in the design of novel fitting methods and software. We utilize our FCCS setup to quantitatively measure …

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Three-Dimensional Macroporous All-Carbon Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Applications, Gaurav Lalwani Dec 2015

Three-Dimensional Macroporous All-Carbon Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Applications, Gaurav Lalwani

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Assembly of carbon nanomaterials into three-dimensional (3D) architectures is necessary to harness their unique physiochemical properties for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. In this dissertation, fabrication and characterization of 3D chemically crosslinked macro-sized (5-8 mm height and 4-6 mm diameter) porous carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffolds, their in vitro cytocompatibility and interactions with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are reported. Single- or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs or MWCNTs) scaffolds were fabricated using a novel radical initiated thermal crosslinking and annealing method using SWCNTs or MWCNTs as nanoscale building blocks. The scaffolds possess macroscale interconnected pores, robust structural integrity, stability, and …

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Comparison Of Sustained Cognitive Training Vs. Cardiovascular Exercise On Cognitive Decline And Pathology In A Vascular Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease | Comparison Of Sustained Cognitive Training Vs. Cardiovascular Exercise On Cognitive Decline And Pathology In A Vascular Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Maria Elizabeth Anderson Dec 2015

Comparison Of Sustained Cognitive Training Vs. Cardiovascular Exercise On Cognitive Decline And Pathology In A Vascular Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease | Comparison Of Sustained Cognitive Training Vs. Cardiovascular Exercise On Cognitive Decline And Pathology In A Vascular Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Maria Elizabeth Anderson

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Despite numerous advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there is still no cure, and the disease continues to pose a severe public health problem. It has become clear that many factors, including certain lifestyle practices, may contribute to the development of the disease; however, much remains to be learned about how lifestyle factors may prevent or delay cognitive decline. Unlike human epidemiological studies, murine models can provide clearer inferences about causality. The present studies focus on two lifestyle factors: cognitive enrichment and cardio-vascular exercise. Specifically, the effects of lifestyle interventions on behavioral performance and …

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Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein From Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Induces Foamy Macrophage Formation, Guannan Chen Dec 2015

Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein From Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Induces Foamy Macrophage Formation, Guannan Chen

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of mortality in the world, causing approximately 1.5 million deaths every year, among which children take a great part. However, due to the perception that children are rarely infectious or they rarely develop severe disease, children with TB have always been neglected. What is worse, diagnosis of childhood TB is difficult, making it harder to control the disease. Foamy macrophages are a key component in the pathology of TB, and the formation of foamy macrophages foresees the progression of infection to active disease. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the major lipoproteins …

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Synthesis Of Carbon-11 Labeled Organic Molecules For Pet Studies, So Jeong Lee Dec 2015

Synthesis Of Carbon-11 Labeled Organic Molecules For Pet Studies, So Jeong Lee

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

PET has played a key role in the field of molecular imaging and nuclear medicine over the past decades. PET represents a non-invasive molecular imaging technique to study and visualize human physiology by detecting positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals labeled with short half-live radioisotopes (i.e. | 11C, 13N, 15O, and 18F) that visualize in vivo biochemical processes and metabolic pathways (i.e. | glycolysis and protein/DNA synthesis). PET is also an emerging method for measuring body function and tailoring disease treatment in living human by detecting biochemical changes preceding anatomical changes occurring a disease. The capability of imaging quantitatively and with high sensitivity without …

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Topical Treatment Of Actinic Keratosis And Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer With Phospho-Sulindac And Difluoromethylornithine, Yajing Sun Dec 2015

Topical Treatment Of Actinic Keratosis And Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer With Phospho-Sulindac And Difluoromethylornithine, Yajing Sun

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Actinic keratosis (AK), a cutaneous lesion resulting from the proliferation of atypical epidermal keratinocytes, has an incidence of 11%-26% and its prevalence is 58 million in the US alone. AK is a precursor to non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC, consisting of squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas, represents the most frequent human cancer. Current treatment for AK and NMSC is often limited by low efficacy, side effects, high cost, and undesirable cosmetic outcomes. Thus new agents for the treatment of AK are urgently needed. In an effort to develop an efficacious, safe and patient-acceptable approach to both AK and NMSC, …

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Targeting The Enoyl-Acp Reductase In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Mechanism Of Time Dependent Inhibition And Cellular Consequence Of Target Engagement, Weixuan Yu Dec 2015

Targeting The Enoyl-Acp Reductase In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Mechanism Of Time Dependent Inhibition And Cellular Consequence Of Target Engagement, Weixuan Yu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Tuberculosis (TB) infection is the single most lethal bacterial infections in the world. Isoniazid (INH), one of the most effective anti-TB drugs is usually administered to treat latent TB infection and is used in combination therapy to treat active TB. However resistance to INH is common and the emergence of multi-drug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and now totally drug-resistant strains of TB, has resulted in an urgent need to develop novel anti-TB drugs. INH targets InhA, the enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI) from the Type II fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, and resistance to INH usually results from mutations in KatG, the enzyme that activates …

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Antecedents And Outcomes Associated With Altered Neuroendocrine Coupling In A Young Adolescent Sample, Sarah Rose Black Dec 2015

Antecedents And Outcomes Associated With Altered Neuroendocrine Coupling In A Young Adolescent Sample, Sarah Rose Black

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Previous research has identified puberty as a time of marked vulnerability to negative psychological outcomes, despite the fact that most individuals navigate this transition with little disturbance. The current study investigated neuroendocrine coupling, or the extent to which hormone reactivity is correlated, as a potential mechanism explaining the relationship between puberty and negative outcomes, as well as investigating early life stressors that may influence hormone coupling patterns. Cortisol, DHEA, and testosterone levels were collected from 394 9-year-old children as part of a larger longitudinal study investigating temperament and psychopathology; previously collected information about parenting styles, parental psychopathology, and parental marital …

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Improvements In Lesion Detection In X-Ray Breast Tomosynthesis And In Emission Tomography, Yihuan Lu Dec 2015

Improvements In Lesion Detection In X-Ray Breast Tomosynthesis And In Emission Tomography, Yihuan Lu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Cancerous lesions can be viewed using several medical imaging modalities. I address breast cancer as seen in contrast-enhanced dual-energy digital breast tomosynthesis (CE-DE-DBT) and liver imaging of liver neuroendocrine metastases as seen by SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography). The overall goal is to enhance the ability to detect such lesions by improvements in image acquisition and data processing methods. In CE-DE-DBT the presence of scattered photons can yield image artifacts that mask the breast lesion. I present a scatter correction method based on interpolating scatter tails at the image periphery. I validate the method using a pinhole array technique …

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Writing At The Intersection: Understanding International Student Writers, Soni Adhikari Dec 2015

Writing At The Intersection: Understanding International Student Writers, Soni Adhikari

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In U.S. colleges and universities, non-native English speaking international students are generally described in terms of their challenges with the English language. Even after the focus of scholarship has recently shifted to these students’ strengths as “multilingual†writers, their challenges and strengths in other areas of their development as writers are still overlooked. This thesis addresses the need to inform and influence teaching/learning practices about international multilingual students by using multidimensional frameworks. Considering that international students’ challenges (and strengths) of language intersect with a variety of other academic skills and also their motivation to learn, I argue that in order …

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Convergent Lagrangian Particle Algorithms For Compressible Fluid Dynamics, Hsin-Chiang Chen Dec 2015

Convergent Lagrangian Particle Algorithms For Compressible Fluid Dynamics, Hsin-Chiang Chen

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The goal of this thesis is the study of Lagrangian particle methods for complex multiscale hydrodynamic problems. This research has been motivated by difficulties arising in traditional mesh-based methods for the simulation of certain classes of highly non-uniform, complex free surface or multiphase problems. For such problems, Eulerian meshes enhanced with special algorithms for resolving interfaces such as volume-of-fluid, the level set method, arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian methods, or the method of front tracking which is a hybrid method involving a moving Lagrangian mesh over a fixed Eulerian mesh, are often used. In addition, they require adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). All …

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The Function Of Pqbp1, A Causative Gene For Renpenning Syndrome, During Early Neural Development In Xenopus, Jamina Oomen-Hajagos Dec 2015

The Function Of Pqbp1, A Causative Gene For Renpenning Syndrome, During Early Neural Development In Xenopus, Jamina Oomen-Hajagos

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The pqbp1 (polyglutamine tract-binding protein 1) gene has been associated with a number of developmental and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington’s disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, and a variety of X-linked intellectual disabilities grouped together under the umbrella term Renpenning Syndrome. Renpenning Syndrome is an X-linked recessive disorder involving intellectual disability, as well as physical features such as microcephaly, micropthalmia, lean build, short stature, and small testes. Work in the Thomsen Lab previously determined that a disruption in cellular levels of PQBP1 can impact crucial developmental processes such as gastrulation and neural tube closure. A reduction in PQBP1 levels was …

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Tgf-Β /Smad Signaling Through Dock4 Facilitates Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis, Jia-Ray Yu Dec 2015

Tgf-Β /Smad Signaling Through Dock4 Facilitates Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis, Jia-Ray Yu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The mechanisms by which transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) promotes lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) metastasis are largely unknown. Here, we report that in lung ADC cells TGF-beta potently induces expression of dedicator of cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), but not other DOCK-family members, via the Smad pathway, and that DOCK4 induction mediates TGF-beta's pro-metastatic effects by enhancing tumor cell extravasation. TGF-beta-induced DOCK4 stimulates lung ADC cell protrusion, motility, and invasion, without affecting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). These processes, which are fundamental to tumor cell extravasation, are driven by DOCK4-mediated Rac1 activation, unveiling a novel link between TGF-beta and Rac1. Thus, our findings uncover the …

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Statistical Methods For Association Analysis Of Biological Data, Erya Huang Dec 2015

Statistical Methods For Association Analysis Of Biological Data, Erya Huang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Genome-wide association studies (GWA studies) are an important tool for identifying disease susceptibility variants for common and complex diseases. Traditional approaches to data analysis in GWA studies suffer with the multiple testing problem and also ignore any potential relationships between gene variants. We introduced here a novel two-stage framework with the combination of partial correlation network analysis (PCNA) and data mining techniques. This network-based technique, focusing on SNPs in joint modeling and their partial associations, alleviated the multiple testing problem and consequently increased the power to detect biologically relevant variants and their associations. Variable selection was achieved through penalized logistic …

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Structure-Based Drug Design Targeting Hivgp41, Lingling Jiang Dec 2015

Structure-Based Drug Design Targeting Hivgp41, Lingling Jiang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation presents method development and application of computational procedures for structure-based drug design, with a particular focus on the clinical relevant drug target HIVgp41. Chapter 1 introduces the main computational techniques used in this study, including atomic-level molecular dynamics simulations, free energy calculations, and molecular docking. The importance of targeting HIVgp41, a viral envelope protein involved in viral entry and membrane fusion, is also discussed. In particular, the only FDA approved gp41 inhibitor, a peptide called T20, suffers from side effects, expense, and is subject to drug resistance. Thus, improved understanding of the binding mechanisms of T20 is of …

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Effects Of A Changing Ocean On Marine Gel Particles And Implications For Aggregation Processes And Poc Export, Carolina Andrea Cisternas Novoa Dec 2015

Effects Of A Changing Ocean On Marine Gel Particles And Implications For Aggregation Processes And Poc Export, Carolina Andrea Cisternas Novoa

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Marine gels are essential catalysts of aggregation and a significant component of the organic carbon pool. There is evidence showing that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can self-assemble and form porous microgels that can reversibly exchange material with DOC and particulate organic carbon (POC). This abiotic self-assembly of materials results in particles that can sink and eventually sequester organic carbon into the deep ocean; the dissolution and remineralization of POM have important implications for ocean productivity and carbon cycling. Marine gels are hydrogels formed by a three-dimensional network of polymers and seawater. Operationally, transparent gel particles are defined as discrete particles, …

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Ecology Of Qpx Disease In The Hard Clam Mercenaria Mercenaria, Soren Dahl Dec 2015

Ecology Of Qpx Disease In The Hard Clam Mercenaria Mercenaria, Soren Dahl

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There is increasing recognition of the role of suspension-feeding bivalves in providing important ecosystem services (e.g. | water clarity, benthic-pelagic coupling, and habitat structure) within estuarine systems. Mercenaria mercenaria (aka hard clams, quahogs) are frequently the dominant suspension-feeder in estuarine systems across the US east coast and have had significant commercial fishery importance and a steadily growing mariculture industry. M. mercenaria have generally not had disease problems which contrasts the microbial infections that have plagued oyster fisheries. Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX) is the first substantial infectious microbial pathogen affecting hard clams across both wild populations and cultured stocks. QPX is …

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Gap Junctional Conductance Produced By Cx50, But Not Cx46, Is Regulated By The Pi3k Signaling Pathway, Jennifer Marie Martinez Dec 2015

Gap Junctional Conductance Produced By Cx50, But Not Cx46, Is Regulated By The Pi3k Signaling Pathway, Jennifer Marie Martinez

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Gap junction channels and cell signaling are essential components for proper organ development in multicellular organisms. The ocular lens is one such organ that has been well studied because of its large dependence on intercellular communication. The lens relies heavily on gap junction channels for intercellular communication during growth and differentiation due to the absence of a vascular system. Gap junctions are comprised of hexameric oligomers of connexin subunits that are inserted into the plasma membrane. Genetic knockouts of lens connexins have helped to identify the function of each connexin. Cx46 knockout mice developed severe nuclear cataracts. Targeted deletion of …

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The Role And Regulation Of Sphingosine Kinases In Cancer Biology, Mohamad Adada Dec 2015

The Role And Regulation Of Sphingosine Kinases In Cancer Biology, Mohamad Adada

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Sphingolipids have emerged as bioactive constituents of eukaryotic cells. The bioactive sphingolipid ceramide mediates cellular senescence, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Acted upon by ceramidase, it is transformed to sphingosine that in turn gets phosphorylated by sphingosine kinases (SK1 and SK2) to generate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). This lipid, on the contrary, mediates cellular proliferation, mitogenesis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis through its actions on specific G-protein coupled receptors (S1PR1-5). ERM (ezrin, radixin, and moesin) proteins are a group of adaptor molecules linking the cortical actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, and are emerging as critical regulators of cancer metastasis and progression …

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Study Of Stat3 Protein Interactions Using An In Vitro Binding Assay, Julie Armstrong Dec 2015

Study Of Stat3 Protein Interactions Using An In Vitro Binding Assay, Julie Armstrong

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Transcription factors function as regulators of gene expression by controlling the activation of target genes. As a member of the STAT (Signal Transducer and Activators of Transcription) family, STAT3 regulates gene expression responsible for controlling differentiation, cell survival, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Activation of STAT3 conventionally occurs through tyrosine phosphorylation by JAK kinases stimulated following cytokine binding receptors. Cytokines like IL-6 bind to cell surface receptors, leading to the activation of associated JAK kinases. JAKs phosphorylate the cytoplasmic domains of the receptors, and STAT3 is recruited through its SH2 domain resulting in its phosphorylation by JAKs. It has been determined …

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Keratin 17: A Prognostic Marker And Nuclear Oncoprotein In Cancer, Luisa Fernanda Escobar Hoyos Dec 2015

Keratin 17: A Prognostic Marker And Nuclear Oncoprotein In Cancer, Luisa Fernanda Escobar Hoyos

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Cancer is a fundamentally heterogeneous at virtually every level, ranging from the anatomic site of origin to the histologic type, degree of differentiation, and the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. Despite dramatic progress in our ability to define cellular and molecular heterogeneity, there has been limited progress in the identification of the cellular mechanisms that define the tumor biology, treatment response, and patient outcome. Prognostic markers have the potential to not only identify patients at greatest risk for disease progression and death, but may also be the underlying drivers that mediate tumor aggression. In turn, these markers could also represent therapeutic targets. …

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Cancer-Associated Mutations In The Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Brk And Hck Differentially Affect Enzyme Activity And Substrate Recognition, Tiffany Tsui Dec 2015

Cancer-Associated Mutations In The Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Brk And Hck Differentially Affect Enzyme Activity And Substrate Recognition, Tiffany Tsui

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Tyrosine kinases play a vital role in proper cell growth and function. Aberrantly activated kinases often lead to diseases and have been recognized as important drivers of cancer. Aberrant kinase activity can occur by various mechanisms, such as by kinase overexpression or by activating mutations. This dissertation examines the effect of cancer associated mutations on two non-receptor tyrosine kinases. The first part of the dissertation will focus on breast tumor kinase (Brk, also known as PTK6), first identified in breast tumor samples. The second part of the dissertation focuses on hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck), which is implicated in drug resistance …

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Inhibition Of Chaperone/Usher Pilus Assembly By Nitazoxanide, Peter Nicholas Chahales Dec 2015

Inhibition Of Chaperone/Usher Pilus Assembly By Nitazoxanide, Peter Nicholas Chahales

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Increasing rates of antibiotic resistance are challenging the status quo and raising the possibility of a post-antibiotic era, in which even common infections could become life threatening. This looming health crisis highlights the immediate need for new and effective therapies, which not only neutralize bacterial pathogens but also limit the development of resistance. A new class of molecules known as anti-virulence therapeutics targets the bacterial virulence factors used to establish disease in the host. This is in contrast to traditional antibiotics, which disrupt essential processes required for bacterial survival. One such virulence target includes adhesive fibers, termed pili, assembled by …

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Recoding Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Genes By Computer-Aided Design Provides A Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate, Bingyin Wang Dec 2015

Recoding Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Genes By Computer-Aided Design Provides A Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate, Bingyin Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Codon pair bias (CPB), which has been observed in all organisms, is a neglected genomic phenomenon that substantially affects gene expression. CPB results from synonymous codons that are paired more or less frequently in ORFeomes regardless of codon bias. The effect of an individual codon pair change is usually small, but when amplified by large-scale genome recoding (simultaneously generating hundreds of synonymous mutations without altering codon usage or amino acid sequence), strikingly altered biological phenotypes are observed. Although the molecular mechanism underlying codon pair bias still remains enigmatic, the utility of codon pair bias in the development of live attenuated …

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A Role For Hmgb2 In Mammalian Neurogenesis And Stroke, Robert Bronstein Dec 2015

A Role For Hmgb2 In Mammalian Neurogenesis And Stroke, Robert Bronstein

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Stroke results in areas of neuronal cell death with concomitant inflammation and edema in the surrounding tissues. Ischemia in the thalamus can present as an accumulation of many smaller lacunar infarcts leading to potential cognitive deficits and central post-stroke pain syndromes, for which curative therapies are lacking. The capacity of the brain to repair itself rests upon the robust response of adult neurogenesis, and gliogenesis, to formidable ischemic conditions. In this study I assess the role chromatin modulator HMGB2 plays in both neurogenesis/gliogenesis and adult thalamic ischemia. Firstly, we demonstrate that this protein can affect the transition between the creation …

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An In Vivo Assessment Of The Effects Of Using Different Implant Abutment Occluding Materials On Implant Microleakage And The Peri-Implant Microbiome, Caroline Rubino Dec 2015

An In Vivo Assessment Of The Effects Of Using Different Implant Abutment Occluding Materials On Implant Microleakage And The Peri-Implant Microbiome, Caroline Rubino

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Microleakage may be a factor in the progression of peri-implant pathology. Microleakage in implant dentistry refers to the passage of bacteria, fluids, molecules or ions between the abutment-implant interface to and from the surrounding periodontal tissues. This creates a zone of inflammation and reservoir of bacteria at the implant-abutment interface. Bone loss typically occurs within the first year of abutment connection and then stabilizes. It has not yet been definitively proven that the occurrence of microleakage cannot contribute to future bone loss or impede the treatment of peri-implant disease. Therefore, strategies to reduce or eliminate microleakage are sought out. Recent …

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Advances In Theory Of Coherent Electron Cooling, Andrey Elizarov Dec 2015

Advances In Theory Of Coherent Electron Cooling, Andrey Elizarov

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The coherent electron cooling is a novel hadron beam cooling technique that is being developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory. It is a realization of the stochastic cooling, in which an electron beam is used in the modulator, amplifier and kicker. In the modulator, hadrons create electron density perturbations. Then these perturbations are amplified in the free electron laser, while hadrons pass through dispersion section, where they are placed such that, in the kicker, amplified perturbations' electric fields accelerate or decelerate hadrons, depending on their velocities, cooling the beam. In the present dissertation, we describe ways to model the modulator section …

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Resurgence And The Large N Expansion, Ricardo Vaz Dec 2015

Resurgence And The Large N Expansion, Ricardo Vaz

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In this dissertation we focus on recent developments in the study of resurgence and the large N expansion. It is a well known fact that perturbative expansions, such as the large N expansion, are divergent asymptotic series. This is a signal that there are non- perturbative effects of the form exp(-N) that also need to be considered, and our original perturbative series should be upgraded to one including powers of both 1/N and exp(-N), which is called a transseries. The machinery needed to tackle transseries was developed in the 1980s under the formalism of so-called resurgence. Using its tools we …

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Fractional Time Series Applications In Political Science, Taylor Grant Dec 2015

Fractional Time Series Applications In Political Science, Taylor Grant

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation is focused on the estimation of time series models with the main area of interest being the use of fractional methods in political science. Since the work of Granger (1980), Granger and Joyeux (1980) and Hosking (1981) initially introduced the concept of fractional integration the area of study has continued to grow in economics. In political science however, research into fractional integration has failed to advance beyond an initial flurry of study that began in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This dissertation contains three stand alone chapters that are focused on the use of fractional methods with …

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The Resurrection Of Self: How Deconversion From Religious Belief To Atheism Healed A History Of Rejection, Trauma, And Shame, Amy Phillips Dec 2015

The Resurrection Of Self: How Deconversion From Religious Belief To Atheism Healed A History Of Rejection, Trauma, And Shame, Amy Phillips

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There are two experiences that atheists have which are not yet well understood: discrimination and deconversion. Through semi-structured interviews, designed to better understand the deconversion process and the relationships of 35 American atheists living in both the Northeast and Southern regions of the United States, a better understanding of these experiences emerged. These individuals had damaging histories, which included abuse, abandonment and/or outsider status. These elements combined with religious teachings yielded a sense of self-as-bad in which respondents experienced feelings of shame, depression, anxiety, and in some cases suicidality. The 25 males, 9 females and 1 transwoman in this study …

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