Digital Commons Network^™

What We Can Learn From Small Units Of Analysis, Andrew Palmer Wheeler

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The dissertation is aimed at advancing knowledge of the correlates of crime at small geographic units of analysis. I begin by detailing what motivates examining crime at small places, and show how aggregation creates confounds that limit causal inference. Local and spatial effects are confounded when using aggregate units, so when the researcher wishes to distinguish between these two types of effects it should guide what unit of analysis is chosen. To illustrate these differences, I generate simulations of what happens to effect estimates when you aggregate a micro level spatial effects model or presume a neighborhood effects model.

911 : Help Or Hindrance In Reducing Repeat Victimization, Kay Elizabeth Lang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In my dissertation I examine two pieces of criminological knowledge in order to explore the point at which they converge. First, crime victims call the police for a variety of reasons, one of which is to stop future attacks; and second, research suggests that previous victimization is a significant predictor of future victimization. In my research I seek to expand current knowledge about repeat victimization using the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). I examine repeat victimization at the individual level, with crimes of violence, and at the household level, by examining residential burglary. But my project expands on existing knowledge …

When Is Hacking Ethical?, Sharif Rezazadehsaber

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This thesis examines situations in which computer hacking might be considered ethical. It addresses fundamental questions regarding the motivation and consequences of ethical hacking. The paper is organized into three sections. The first section discusses the history of hackers, classifies them according to their motivational background. The second part of the paper comprehensively describes the features of the ethical or “white hat” hacker group, and explores the positive and negative behaviors of ethical hackers in relation to their ethical principles. In the final section of the paper, I discuss hacktivist groups, their unique ideologies, and the risks they face, including …

Effects Of A Strategy To Improve Offender Assessment Practices: Staff Perceptions Of Implementation Outcomes, Wayne N. Welsh, Hsiu-Ju Lin, Roger H. Peters, Gerald J. Stahler, Wayne E.K. Lehman, L.A.R. Stein, Laura Monico, Michele Eggers, Sami Abdel-Salam, Joshua C. Pierce, Elizabeth Hunt, Colleen Gallagher, Linda K. Frisman

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: This implementation study examined the impact of an organizational process improvement intervention (OPII) on a continuum of evidence based practices related to assessment and community reentry of drug-involved offenders: Measurement/Instrumentation, Case Plan Integration, Conveyance/Utility, and Service Activation/Delivery.

Methods: To assess implementation outcomes (staff perceptions of evidence-based assessment practices), a survey was administered to correctional and treatment staff (n = 1509) at 21 sites randomly assigned to an Early- or Delayed-Start condition. Hierarchical linear models with repeated measures were used to examine changes in evidence-based assessment practices over time, and organizational characteristics were examined as covariates to control for …

Victims Of Youth: Equitable Sentencing Reform For Juvenile Offenders Int He Wake Of Miller V. Alabama And Jackson V. Hobbs, Jordon Calvert Greenlee

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

Disarming The Dangerous: Preventing Extraordinary And Ordinary Violence, M. Fan

Indiana Law Journal

Mass shootings at Navy Yard, Newtown, Aurora, and elsewhere have jolted Congress and the states into considering gun violence prevention. More than 1500 gun-related bills have been introduced since 2013, after the slaughter in Newtown of twenty elementary-school children and six adults. Legislation and debates are shaped by the specter of a heavily armed, mentally ill individual hunting in public places such as schools, businesses, and workplaces. In the states, the most successful type of legislation involves firearms restrictions for the mentally ill. In Congress, the legislation that garnered the most debate was a ban on assault weapons and large-capacity …

Domestic Violence, Gun Possession, And The Importance Of Context, Wesley M. Oliver

Indiana Law Journal

Context is everything.

A federal law prohibits those convicted of committing an act of domestic violence from possessing weapons. 1 This term, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that this statute would apply even to those convicted of crimes that did not necessarily involve violent acts.2 This conclusion strains the ordinary meaning of language, but is quite consistent with a long tradition in criminal cases that favors a pro-government interpretation of a statute when the public welfare is at stake. And domestic violence, Justice Sotomayor stressed in her opinion, has reached epidemic levels, prompting Congress to get guns out of the …

Art Exhibit On Black Panther Challenges Library Patrons To Face Violence Of Mass Incarceration, Chris Steele

Collaborative Librarianship

Although libraries are often regarded as spaces for inclusiveness, diversity, and democracy, this hasn’t always been the case in the United States. Using historical examples this article explores the legacy of racism in the United States concerning library access to citizens. This article analyzes a social justice artistic collaboration between artist Jackie Sumell and New York Public Library concerning solitary confinement and the racial disparity of mass incarceration in the United States. Intersections between community education and library exhibits are also discussed.

J.P. Ex Rel. A.P. V. Millard Public Schools: A Limit On School Authority And What It Means For Students’ Fourth Amendment Rights In Nebraska, Brian J. Fahey

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. Background ... A. Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence ... B. New Jersey v. T.L.O. and the Fourth Amendment in Public Schools ... C. J.P. ex rel. A.P. v. Millard Public Schools

III. Analysis ... A. Students’ Fourth Amendment Rights after T.L.O. … B. J. P. ex rel. A.P. v. Millard Public Schools ... 1. Section 79-267 of the Nebraska Revised Statutes and the Rejection of the “Nexus to the School” Analysis ... 2. Undesirable Outcomes ... C. Impact of the Court’s Decision ... 1. School-Sponsored Activities ... 2. The Court’s Interpretation of Reasonable Suspicion ... 3. Halting the “Parade …

A Fair Competition Theory Of The Civil False Claims Act, David Kwok

Nebraska Law Review

Whistleblowers are helping to recover more than $5 billion a year for fraud against the federal government, but reliance on whistleblowers and prosecutorial discretion raises problems when fraud allegations stem from undisclosed regulatory violations. Courts have created a series of opaque, formalistic “false certification” doctrines that provide little principled guidance as to why, for example, knowingly naming the wrong physician supervisor does not constitute Medicare fraud under the False Claims Act, but naming the wrong physician provider does constitute fraud. I suggest that the principle of fair competition can distinguish between regulatory violations that should result in civil liability and …

Characteristics Of Child Sexual Assault Within A Child Advocacy Center Client Population, Faye M. Carlson, Jane Grassley, Janet Reis, Kelley Davis

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

This descriptive study summarized data from a child advocacy center to illustrate how such information might be used to profile the scope and character of child sexual abuse (CSA) at the community level. This detailed information is not available from national or state data but is needed to understand the circumstances of the children receiving services and the type of care they may need. Variables included victim demographics, type of sexual abuse and relationship to the perpetrator, and the person to whom the victim was most likely to disclose their sexual assault. A total sample of 841 case reports was …

Tiers 1, 2 & 3 Intervention: Punishment, Ana Cathcart, Reece L. Peterson, Shir Palmon

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Conclusion

Punishment in school settings has several possible meanings. It can be viewed as retribution for misbehavior, as a behavioral intervention strategy, or as a part of a restorative plan. Punishment can be used effectively, particularly for behaviors that are dangerous or need speedy remediation. However, punishment can have several negative side effects associated with its use including ethical issues, emotional responses by the student, escape and avoidance, misuse and over use by the adult, and undesirable modeling by the adult. There are better options for changing behaviors that are more effective and less harmful to the child. Using punishment …

Faculty Senate Minutes, January 21, 2015, Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Minutes and Reports

No abstract provided.

College Of Engineering And Computing Graduate Catalog, Nova Southeastern University

College of Engineering and Computing Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Universal Jurisdiction: Chronicle Of A Death Foretold, Rephael Ben-Ari

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Approach To Prisoners' Rights In The European Court Of Human Rights And Inter-American Court Of Human Rights Jurisprudence, Francesco Seatzu, Simona Fanni

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Jurisdictional Conflicts Between The Icc And The African Union: Solution To The Dilemma, Jacky Fung Wai Nam

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Soc 4098, Benjamin D. Weber

University of New Orleans Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Hist 4991, Benjamin D. Weber

University of New Orleans Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Hist 5991, Benjamin D. Weber

University of New Orleans Syllabi

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Inter-American Jurisdiction And States (National Systems): Some Pertinent Questions, Sergio GarcíA RamíRez

Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law

In this Article, Judge Sergio García Ramírez of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights explores the complex and often vexing relationship between the Inter-American Human Rights system and the domestic human rights protections within the system's member states. García Ramírez identifies a number of challenges to implementing human rights protections in Latin America, many of which are rooted in a history of authoritarianism in the twentieth century and the nascent nature of the region's democratic institutions. Yet he sees solutions in the role of the Inter-American Court in the region. García Ramírez highlights the Court's role in interpreting international human …

A Phenomenography Of Mississippi African American High School Students' Progress In English Language Arts (Ela), Ebonee Nicole Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing academic achievement among African Americans has become increasingly challenging for several educators. To receive aid in their pedagogical efforts, many of these teachers read qualitative literature and often discover success stories told by teachers and/or administrators. Qualitative research rarely includes African American students who share their own journey of academic achievement. To offer different insight that will specifically help high school educators increase ELA achievement among students of color, this qualitative study employed a phenomenographic approach to uncover how African American students in a Mississippi public high school perceived their experiences of meeting growth in English Language Arts (ELA). …

Griswold's Criminal Law, Melissa Murray

Faculty Articles

This Symposium commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of Griswold v. Connecticut. In the fifty years since it was announced, Griswold’s logic has underwritten a broader commitment to reproductive rights—one that has expanded the right to contraception and secured a woman’s right to choose an abortion. Amidst these developments it is easy to overlook another aspect of Griswold’s history. Griswold also was part of a criminal law reform effort that sought to reimagine the state’s authority in the intimate lives of citizens and limit the use of criminal law as a means of enforcing moral conformity. In this regard, Griswold shares roots …

Client Choice For Indigent Criminal Defendants: Theory And Implementation, Stephen J. Schulhofer

Faculty Articles

With rare exceptions, existing systems for effectuating the indigent criminal defendant’s right to counsel range from disappointing to scandalously inadequate. Inadequate funding, though always prominently mentioned, is often merely a symptom of a problem that weakens almost all indigent defense systems, whether poorly funded or not -- the fact that the indigent defendant is never permitted to select his own attorney. In previous articles, I argued that arguments against client choice are almost entirely bogus. The concept nonetheless drew little interest, but that situation recently changed when the Texas Indigent Defense Commission put the proposal into effect on a trial …

Jurisprudential Ties That Blind: The Means To Ending Affirmative Action, Tanya M. Washington

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

Criminology On Crimes Against Humanity: A North Korean Case Study, Megan Alyssa Novak

Theses and Dissertations

In the last century, modern technology has significantly increased human interaction across the globe. The growing globalization of our society has created new areas of interest for many academics. This thesis explores the topic of international crime—specifically, state perpetrated crimes against humanity. Criminologists have become increasingly interested in large-scale atrocities and several theories on the topic have been perpetuated in the last few decades. Through a case study, this research determined that current theories are capable of explaining crimes against humanity in North Korea. Additionally, the findings suggest that international institutions should create programs that utilize restorative justice techniques.

The Essence Of Alternative Education: A Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of At-Risk Secondary Alternative School Students, Latunya Glenn Means

Theses and Dissertations

What do the lived experiences of at-risk high school students reveal about the essence of alternative education? This phenomenological study sought to reflectively examine the experiences of at-risk students who are being educated in a large, Type II, alternative school in South Carolina. The research participants are high school students-- grades 9-12--who have spent at least one year in a traditional high school setting and at least one year in the County Alternative Program (CAP). The literature review highlighted the historical role of high schools in the United States, the role of high schools, high school redesign and the evolving …

Invisible Suffering: Practitioner Reflections On Peacebuilding Programs With Youth Exposed To Traumatic Stressors In Intergroup Conflict, Liza Hester

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

For decades, the international community has recognized that youth are some of the most vulnerable to mental and emotional distress within the intractable and cyclical nature of identity-based violent conflict. Exposure to traumatic stressors within these intergroup conflicts poses unique risks not only to the neurological and social development of youth, but also to the capacities of youth to fully participate in peacebuilding interventions. The peacebuilding field has yet to strongly consider how traumatic stress affects dynamics within programs for youth and how these programs may need to modify expectations of youth’s cognitive, social, and emotional functioning to account for …

Changing The School To Prison Pipeline: Integrating Trauma Informed Care In The New York City School System, In Collected Essays Impact: Threat Of Economic Inequality, Ellen Yaroshefsky, Anna Shwedel

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Where Have We Been And Where Are We Going? A Conceptual Framework For Child Advocacy, Michele Cascardi, Cathy Brown, Svetlana Shpiegel, Ariel Alvarez

Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The primary goal of this article is to chart the development of child advocacy as an interdisciplinary field of study and conclude with a conceptual framework for research and higher education in child advocacy. Historically, child advocacy has justifiably focused on protection needs. Values and assumptions about children's best interest have also governed child advocacy, in part because evidence to inform decisions was lacking and in part because of its history as an activist movement. Against this historical backdrop, we describe contemporary trends in child advocacy that reconcile children's protection with their inherent rights to personhood. We rely on the …