Digital Commons Network^™

Dual-Modality Photoacoustic And Ultrasound Imaging System For Noninvasive Sentinel Lymph Node Detection In Patients With Breast Cancer, Alejandro Garcia-Uribe, Todd N. Erpelding, Arie Krumholz, Haixin Ke, Konstantin Maslov, Catherine Appelton, Julie A. Margenthaler, Lihong V. Wang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Wu-Crispr: Characteristics Of Functional Guide Rnas For The Crispr/Cas9 System, Nathan Wong, Weijun Liu, Xiaowei Wang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Satb2 Is A Sensitive Marker For Lower Gastrointestinal Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors, Zhongwu Li, Jing Yuan, Lixin Wei, Kaiyong Mei, Junqiu Yue, Hongwen Gao, Miao Zhang, Ling Jia, Qiang Kang, Xiaozheng Huang, Dengfeng Cao

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Immune Checkpoints And Immunotherapy For Colorectal Cancer, Preet Paul Singh, Piyush K. Sharma, Gayathri Krishnan, A. Craig Lockhart

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessing Computational Steps For Clip-Seq Data Analysis, Qi Liu, Xue Zhong, Blair B. Madison, Anil K. Rustgi, Yu Shyr

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Concomitant Cox-Maze Iv Techniques During Mitral Valve Surgery, Christopher P. Lawrance, Matthew C. Henn, Ralph J. Damiano Jr.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Restriction Of Dietary Protein Decreases Mtorc1 In Tumors And Somatic Tissues Of A Tumor-Bearing Mouse Xenograft Model, Dudley W. Lamming, Nicole E. Cummings, Antonella L. Rastelli, Feng Gao, Edda Cava, Beatrice Bertozzi, Francesco Spelta, Roberto Pili, Luigi Fontana

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Dopamine And Dopaminergic Pathways In Dystonia: Insights From Neuroimaging, Morvarid Karimi, Joel S Perlmutter

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Dystonia constitutes a heterogeneous group of movement abnormalities, characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal postures. Overwhelming data suggest involvement of basal ganglia and dopaminergic pathways in dystonia. In this review, we critically evaluate recent neuroimaging studies that investigate dopamine receptors, endogenous dopamine release, morphology of striatum, and structural or functional connectivity in cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical and related cerebellar circuits in dystonia.

METHOD: A PubMed search was conducted in August 2014.

RESULTS: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging offers strong evidence for altered D2/D3 receptor binding and dopaminergic release in many forms of idiopathic dystonia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging …

Legal Tools For Climate Adaptation Advocacy: Clean Water Act Permitting And Funding Programs, Channing R. Jones

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Climate change imperils the quality of water resources and aquatic ecosystems by introducing or exacerbating supply challenges and pollution threats. Existing legal frameworks, including permitting and grant programs, can incorporate climate change adaptation into the way we protect water. In particular, the Clean Water Act – the primary tool used nationwide to protect surface waters from pollutant discharges and fill activity – can be used to promote climate change adaptation in a number of ways.

The Clean Water Act was enacted in 1972 and amended in 1977 and 1987. The statute is principally administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, …

A Legal Approach To The Improvement Of Energy Efficiency Measures For The Existing Building Stock In The United States Based On European Experience, Teresa Parejo-Navajas

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Energy consumption in buildings is on the rise and represents almost half of the total greenhouse gas emissions in cities, which are the main cause of global warming on the planet. There is a great scientific consensus that improving energy efficiency of building systems and operations is a very effective way to tackle this important problem. However, despite the fact that the existing building stock has the greatest potential for greenhouse gas emission reduction, most laws and regulations have focused primarily on new buildings. Hence, improving energy efficiency in existing buildings represents a great opportunity for reducing greenhouse gas emissions …

New Global Viral Threats, Hakan Erdem, Serhat Ünal

Saudi Medical Journal

Infectious diseases have caused great catastrophes in human history, as in the example of the plague, which wiped out half of the population in Europe in the 14th century. Ebola virus and H7N9 avian influenza virus are 2 lethal pathogens that we have encountered in the second decade of the 21st century. Ebola infection is currently being seen in West Africa, and H7N9 avian flu appears to have settled in Southeast Asia. This article focuses on the current situation and the future prospects of these potential infectious threats to mankind.

The Association Of Interleukin-10 -1082, -819, -592 Polymorphisms And Tuberculosis Risk, Qianqian Liu, Wenzhang Li, Dongdong Li, Yulin Feng, Chuanmin Tao

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the association between interleukin (IL)-10 -1082, -819, -592 polymorphisms and tuberculosis (TB) risk. Methods: This study was conducted between July and October 2014 in West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. We searched and collected data from PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and WANGFANG up to October 2014. Results: A total of 37 studies were enrolled, including 8625 TB cases, and 9928 healthy controls. The IL-10-1082G/A polymorphism was found to be associated with TB susceptibility in Caucasian (GG versus GA+AA, odds ratio [OR] - 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.03-3.24). The IL-10-819C/T …

Road Safety And Road Traffic Accidents In Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review Of Existing Evidence, Farah A. Mansuri, Abdulmohsen H. Al-Zalabani, Marwa M. Zalat, Reem I. Qabshawi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To identify the changing trends and crucial preventive approaches to road traffic accidents (RTAs) adopted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) over the last 2.5 decades, and to analyze aspects previously overlooked. Methods: This systematic review was based on evidence of RTAs in KSA. All articles published during the last 25 years on road traffic accident in KSA were analyzed. This study was carried out from December 2013 to May 2014 in the Department of Family and Community Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, KSA. Results: Road traffic accidents accounted for 83.4% of all trauma admissions in 1984-1989, and …

Prevalence And Causes Of Blindness And Diabetic Retinopathy In Southern Saudi Arabia, Saad Hajar, Ali Al Hazmi, Mustafa Wasli, Ahmed Mousa, Mansour Rabiu

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Jazan district, Southern Saudi Arabia. Methods: Using the standardized Rapid Assessment for Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) and DR cross-sectional methodology, 3800 subjects were randomly selected from the population of ≥50 years of age in Jazan, Saudi Arabia between November 2011 and January 2012. Participants underwent screening comprised of interview, random blood glucose test, and ophthalmic assessment including visual acuity (VA) and fundus examination. Among participants with VA <6/18 in either eye, the cause(s) of visual impairment was determined. Participants were classified as diabetic if they had previous diagnoses of diabetes, or random blood glucose >200 mg/dl. Diabetic participants were assessed for DR using dilated fundus examination. All data were recorded using the RAAB + …

Evaluation Of Knowledge And Behavior Of Workers In Prince Mohammed International Airport In Western Saudi Arabia Regarding Public Health Emergency Measures Applied During Hajj Season 2014, Ibrahim M. Gosadi, Ali M. Al-Hazmi, Amin A. Fadl, Khalid H. Alharbi, Mazin M. Swarelzahab

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and behavior of workers at a Saudi airport regarding public health emergency measures applied during Hajj season. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Prince Mohammed International Airport in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia between August and September 2014. Data were collected by semi-structured questionnaires during personal interviews. Non-random purposive sampling was conducted to target workers at higher risk of acquiring infection from travellers. Results: One hundred and eighty-six participants were recruited of whom 92.5% were males. The study participants were workers in 8 different sectors. Twenty-six percent of the participants were health …

Comparing Dental Students’ Perceptions Of Their Educational Environment In Northwestern Saudi Arabia, Mohammad S. Ahmad, Ahmed Bhayat, Hani T. Fadel, Mohammad S. Mahrous

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To compare the perceptions of dental students over a 5-year period. Methods: This cohort study was carried at Taibah University, College of Dentistry, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia between 2009 and 2014. Data was obtained using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM), which consists of 50 items, 4 of these were irrelevant to this cohort and were excluded. All students registered in 2009 were included and followed up in 2014. Their responses were compared using the paired student’s t-test. Results: Thirty-four students completed the questionnaire in 2009, and 30 of them participated in 2014 (12% drop out rate). The …

Leishmaniasis, Malaria, And Schistosomiasis Concurrently In An 8-Year-Old Boy

Saudi Medical Journal

An overlap in the distribution of the 2 diseases (leishmaniasis and malaria) was reported in endemic areas, and it can cause significant delay in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. Here, an 8-year-old Yemeni boy who was initially diagnosed as malaria and schistosomiasis, and later on as leishmaniasis is reported. He presented with prolonged fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and diarrhea. His blood film was positive for Plasmodium falciparum malaria , and his stool was positive for Schistosoma mansoni . Although a full therapeutic course of antimalarial and schistosoma was administered, his fever, weight loss, and increased hepatosplenomegaly continued. Bone marrow aspiration was carried out …

Unexpected Cause Of Conjunctival Injection, Mehmet T. Koylu, Gokcen Gokce, Yusuf Uysal, Engin Araz, Omer Orkun, Ayse Cakmak, Serpil Nalbantoglu

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Curcumin: A Folklore Remedy From Kitchen On The Way To Clinic As Cancer Drug, Debasish Bandyopadhyay

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

Numerous compounds are widely distributed in nature and many of these possess medicinal/biological/pharmacological activity. Curcumin, a polyphenol derived from the rhizomes (underground stems) of Curcuma longa Linn (a member of the ginger family, commonly known as turmeric) is a culinary spice and therapeutic used in India for thousands of years to induce color and flavor in food as well as to treat a wide array of diseases. The origin of turmeric as spice and folklore medicine is so old that it is lost in legend. Curcumin has many beneficial pharmacological effects which includes, but are not limited with, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, …

Term Extraction And Disambiguation For Semantic Knowledge Enrichment: A Case Study On Initial Public Offering (Ipo), Jie Tao, Omar F. El-Gayar, Amit Deokar, Yen-Ling Chang

Research & Publications

Domain knowledge bases are a basis for advanced knowledge-based systems, manually creating a formal knowledge base for a certain domain is both resource consuming and non-trivial. In this paper, we propose an approach that provides support to extract, select, and disambiguate terms embedded in domain specific documents. The extracted terms are later used to enrich existing ontologies/taxonomies, as well as to bridge domain specific knowledge base with a generic knowledge base such as WordNet. The proposed approach addresses two major issues in the term extraction domain, namely quality and efficiency. Also, the proposed approach adopts a feature-based method that assists …

Predicting Big Movers Based On Online Stock Forum Sentiment Analysis, Mohammad Al-Ramahi, Yen-Ling Chang, Omar F. El-Gayar, Jun Liu

Research & Publications

While social media sentiment has been proved to have predictive value for stock indices, it is intriguing to investigate if it is useful for predicting price changes for individual stocks. We focus on a special kind of stocks, big movers, i.e., stocks that undergo a drastic one-day price change, and a special kind of social media, online stock discussion forums. Based on an empirical study, our research shows that discussions during the days lead up to the big one-day price change do contain sentiments that can be used to predict big movers. The findings of our research have theoretical implications …

Antimicrobial Resistance: Insights From The Declaration Of World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance, Mushira A. Enani

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of The Malaysian Food Guideline Guidance On A Group Of Overweight And Obese Women During Ramadan, Ismail Suriani, Khadijah Shamsuddin, Khalib Abdul Latif, Hazizi A. Saad

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the effect of imparting knowledge of the Malaysian Food Guideline (MFG) on a group of overweight and obese women during Ramadan. Methods: This intervention study was conducted during the months of Ramadan 2011. A group of 84 Malay Muslim women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m 2 were recruited. Prior to Ramadan, the respondents were educated regarding MFG, and how to monitor and record their daily food intake in a food diary. Their quantity of food intake, BMI, blood pressure (BP), blood lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured before Ramadan as a …

The Prevalence Of Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection Among Saudi Women Attending The Infertility Clinic In Central Saudi Arabia, Dunia A. Alfarraj, Ali M. Somily, Rasheed M. Alssum, Zeinab M. Abotalib, Amal A. El-Sayed, Hazim H. Al-Mandeel

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis ( C. trachomatis ) infection among Saudi women, its clinical presentation, and its association to infertility. Methods: This study was conducted between October 2012 and July 2013 at King Khalid University Hospital and King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Female patients aged between 19 and 46 years old with infertility problems seen at both hospitals were recruited to join the study. A separate group of female patients without infertility problems was also recruited from both hospitals to serve as controls for the study. Endocervical swabs were collected from both …

The Association Of Exposure To The 2009 South War With The Physical, Psychological, And Family Well-Being Of Saudi Children, Ahmed El Hamidi, Fawziyah A. Alturkait

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the nutritional, psychological, behavioral, family adjustment, and psychiatric assessment of Saudi children exposed to the 2009-2010 Jazan war. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Saudi Arabia in July 2010. One hundred and eighty-six children exposed to the South war in Jazan, and 157 unexposed children in King Khaled Military City, Hafr Al Batin were studied for evidence of malnutrition using physical measures, evaluating psychological problems using the Child Behavior Inventory, behavioral problems using the Rutter Scale A2, family adjustment using the McMaster Family adjustment device, and for psychiatric disorders. The association of different socioeconomic variables …

Influence Of Bimaxillary Protrusion On The Perception Of Smile Esthetics, Terki K. Almutairi, Sahar F. Albarakati, Abdullah M. Aldrees

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of bimaxillary protrusion on smile esthetics as perceived by dental professionals and laypersons. Methods: One hundred and fifty evaluators, equally distributed into their respective panels (orthodontists, general dentists, and laypersons), participated in this cross-sectional study conducted in April to December 2012 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The patient sample consisted of 14 female patients divided equally into 2 groups: bimaxillary protrusion patients, and patients who have had 4-premolar extraction treatment. Two standardized photographs (frontal and three-quarter close-up smile views), and a lateral cephalogram were taken for each patient. The evaluators were asked to rate the attractiveness …

Prevalence Of Ocular Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome And Associated Complications In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Sulaiman A. Al-Saleh, Najwa M. Al-Dabbagh, Saad M. Al-Shamrani, Nusrat M. Khan, Misbahul Arfin, Mohammad Tariq, Hafez M. Al-Faleh

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX), and associated ophthalmic complications among Saudi patients. Methods: The prevalence of PEX and associated ocular co-morbidities were determined among the Saudi patients visiting the Primary Care Clinic of Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between January 2009 and January 2010. A total of 1967 patients were examined biomicoscopically by ophthalmologists to determine the presence of PEX and associated ocular complications. Results: Sixty-nine of the 1967 examined patients (3.5%) showed the presence of PEX with no significant gender difference. There was an age dependent increase in the prevalence …

Prevalence And Characteristics Of Abnormal Papanicolaou Smear In Central Saudi Arabia, Hanan M. Al-Kadri, Mehak Kamal, Samira S. Bamuhair, Aamir A. Omair, Hana S. Bamefleh

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characteristics of abnormal pap smear in the central region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this retrospective case control study conducted in the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Histopathology at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, all pap smears screened for Saudi women between 2008 and 2011 were reviewed. Approximately 5000 pap smears are screened annually at King Abdulaziz Medical City utilizing the Bethesda III System (2001). All abnormal smears patients’ data were collected and compared to the data of randomly selected 200 normal smears’ patients. Results: Abnormal pap smear prevalence …

Pathological Fracture, Fahdah Alokaily

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori And Parasites In Symptomatic Children Examined For Helicobacter Pylori Antibodies, Antigens, And Parasites In Yemen, Mahmood D. Al-Mendalawi

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.