Digital Commons Network^™

Socioeconomic Status And Health: Education And Income Are Independent And Joint Predictors Of Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Wendy C. Birmingham, Jenny M. Cundiff, Bert N. Uchino, Timothy W. Smith

Faculty Publications

Epidemiological research suggests that different indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) such as income and education may have independent and/or interactive effects on health outcomes. In this study, we examined both simple and more complex associations (i.e., interactions) between different indicators of SES and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) during daily life. Our sample consisted of 94 married couples who completed a one-day ABP protocol. Both income and education were independently related to systolic blood pressure and only income was significantly related to diastolic blood pressure. There were also statistical interactions such that individuals with high levels of both income and education …

Visual Analog Rating Of Mood By People With Aphasia, Tyson G. Harmon, Katarina L. Haley, Jennifer L. Womack, Sharon W. Williams

Faculty Publications

Background:

Considerable attention has been given to the identification of depression in stroke survivors with aphasia, but there is more limited information about other mood states. Visual analog scales are often used to collect subjective information from people with aphasia. However, the validity of these methods for communicating about mood has not been established in people with moderately to severely impaired language.

Objective:

The dual purposes of this study were to characterize the relative endorsement of negative and positive mood states in people with chronic aphasia after stroke and to examine congruent validity for visual analog rating methods for people …

Bidirectional Interference Between Speech And Nonspeech Tasks In Younger, Middle-Aged, And Older Adults, Christopher Dromey, Dallin J. Bailey

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine divided attention over a large age range by looking at the effects of 3 nonspeech tasks on concurrent speech motor performance. The nonspeech tasks were designed to facilitate measurement of bidirectional interference, allowing examination of their sensitivity to speech activity. A cross-sectional design was selected to explore possible changes in divided-attention effects associated with age. Method: Sixty healthy participants were separated into3 groups of 20: younger (20s), middle-aged (40s), and older (60s) adults. Each participant completed a speech task (sentence repetitions) once in isolation and once concurrently with each of 3 …

Sibling Snapshots: Living With Youth Who Have Autism Or Down Syndrome, Tina M. Taylor, Jessica L. Rosemann, Aimee L. Latta Palicharla, Tammy Rampton, Barbara Mandleco, Donna Freeborn

Faculty Publications

This study used photography to capture important symbols in the lives of 14 siblings of 13 youth with autism (ASD) and 16 siblings of 15 youth with Down syndrome (DS), and then determine if there were differences in photographs taken according to type of developmental disability, age, and gender of the sibling. Photographs were divided into two categories: photographs of people, including family and non-family members, and non-people, including personal items/objects, animals, and buildings/scenery. Siblings of youth with DS took a higher percent age of photographs of people and family members than siblings of youth with ASD. There were also …

Introducing New Engineering Students To Mechanical Concepts Through An “Energy Cube” Project, Shannon Chance, Micheal O'Flaherty, Fionnuala Farrell, Christopher Montague

Conference papers

The objective of this paper is to describe a problem based learning module, called the “Energy Cube”, offered by Dublin Institute of Technology that is designed to teach mechanical, building services and manufacturing engineering concepts to first year engineering students.

The Energy Cube project gives students hands-on experience in areas ranging from heat transfer, lighting and energy efficiency to industrial and product design. In the Energy Cube, students design and construct (using cardboard, clear plastic, and glue) a model of a building that admits as much daylight as possible while being energy efficient and aesthetically pleasing.

The students, working in …

Spatial Brightness, Horizontal Illuminance And Mean Room Surface Exitance In A Lighting Booth, James Duff, Kevin Kelly, C. Cuttle

Articles

This paper presents a pilot study that has investigated the suitability of mean room surface exitance as a predictor of spatial brightness and compared these results with how horizontal illuminance predicts spatial brightness under the same conditions. The experiment took a group of 26 participants and, using a scaled booth, exposed each participant to three levels of mean room surface exitance, each delivered with three different light distributions and three different surface reflectances, resulting in a total of 27 light scenes. Results demonstrated that, under the range of conditions to which participants were exposed, a systematic relationship existed between mean …

Controls And The Asymmetric Stickiness Of Norms, Scott A. Emett, Ronald N. Guymon, William B. Tayler, Donald Young

Faculty Publications

This study investigates how formal control systems and the behavior of peers influence behavior in accounting settings. We manipulate formal controls and peer behavior (social norms) in a laboratory experiment, allowing us to precisely investigate the interactive effect of these two factors on behavior. We provide evidence that weak controls lead to more socially-interested behavior, while strong controls lead to more self-interested behavior. We also provide evidence that individuals conform more to social norms that conflict with the behavior that formal controls induce. Finally, we find that individuals preferentially attend and conform to the self-interested actions of peers (as opposed …

Clinical Effectiveness And Cost-Effectiveness Of The Rehabilitation Enablement In Chronic Heart Failure (Reach-Hf) Facilitated Self-Care Rehabilitation Intervention In Heart Failure Patients And Caregivers: Rationale And Protocol For A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial, R. S. Taylor, C. Hayward, V. Eyre, J. Austin, R. Davies, P. Doherty, K. Jolly, J. Wingham, R. Van Lingen, C. Abraham, C. Green, F. C. Warren, N. Britten, C. J. Greaves, S. Singh, S. Buckingham, K. Paul, H. Dalal

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: The Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Heart Failure (REACH-HF) trial is part of a research programme designed to develop and evaluate a health professional facilitated, home-based, self-help rehabilitation intervention to improve self-care and health-related quality of life in people with heart failure and their caregivers. The trial will assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the REACH-HF intervention in patients with systolic heart failure and impact on the outcomes of their caregivers. Methods and analysis: A parallel two group randomised controlled trial with 1:1 individual allocation to the REACH-HF intervention plus usual care (intervention group) or usual care alone (control …

From Soul To Mind: A History Of An Idea, Michael Punt

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Development Of Australian Clinical Practice Outcome Standards For Graduates Of Critical Care Nurse Education, Fenella J. Gill, Gavin D. Leslie, Carol Grech, Duncan Boldy, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Aims and objectivesTo develop critical care nurse education practice standards.BackgroundCritical care specialist education for registered nurses in Australia is provided at graduate level. Considerable variation exists across courses with no framework to guide practice outcomes or evidence supporting the level of qualification.DesignAn eDelphi technique involved the iterative process of a national expert panel responding to three survey rounds.MethodsFor the first round, 84 statements, organised within six domains, were developed from earlier phases of the study that included a literature review, analysis of critical care courses and input from health consumers. The panel, which represented the perspectives of four stakeholder groups, …

Online Assessment Of Negotiation Skills Through 3d Role Play Simulation, D Pacella, A Di Ferdinando, E Dell'aquila, D Marocco

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The lack of standardised technological tools to assess psychological characteristics allows traditional tests to be still widely used, though these tests require double processing and expensive procedures. ENACT is both a serious game for a standardised assessment of the user negotiation skills and an Intelligent Tutoring System, which makes use of the data collected during the interaction in order to generate a tailored environment for the user to experience and improve their skills and be guided through learning.

Embodied Cognition And Circular Causality: On The Role Of Constitutive Autonomy In The Reciprocal Coupling Of Perception And Action., D Vernon, R Lowe, S Thill, T Ziemke

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The reciprocal coupling of perception and action in cognitive agents has been firmly established: perceptions guide action but so too do actions influence what is perceived. While much has been said on the implications of this for the agent's external behavior, less attention has been paid to what it means for the internal bodily mechanisms which underpin cognitive behavior. In this article, we wish to redress this by reasserting that the relationship between cognition, perception, and action involves a constitutive element as well as a behavioral element, emphasizing that the reciprocal link between perception and action in cognition merits a …

Lessons Learned From Recruiting Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Smokes Into A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial To Explore The Role Of Exercise Assisted Reduction Then Stop (Ears) Smoking., Tom P. Thompson, Colin J. Greaves, Richard Ayres, Paul Aveyard, Fiona C. Warren, Richard Byng

Peninsula Medical School

Background Research is needed on what influences recruitment to smoking reduction trials, and how to increase their reach. The present study aimed to i) assess the feasibility of recruiting a disadvantaged population, ii) examine the effects of recruitment methods on participant characteristics, iii) identify resource requirements for different recruitment methods, and iv) to qualitatively assess the acceptability of recruitment. This was done as part of a pilot two-arm trial of the effectiveness of a novel behavioral support intervention focused on increasing physical activity and reducing smoking, among disadvantaged smokers not wishing to quit. Methods Smokers were recruited through mailed invitations …

An Investigation Into The Effects Of Different Types Of Exercise On The Maintenance Of Approach Motivation Levels, J. A.S. Lowenstein, K. Wright, A. Taylor, N. J. Moberly

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Posture Affects How Robots And Infants Map Words To Objects., Af Morse, Vl Benitez, T Belpaeme, A Cangelosi, Lb Smith

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

For infants, the first problem in learning a word is to map the word to its referent; a second problem is to remember that mapping when the word and/or referent are again encountered. Recent infant studies suggest that spatial location plays a key role in how infants solve both problems. Here we provide a new theoretical model and new empirical evidence on how the body - and its momentary posture - may be central to these processes. The present study uses a name-object mapping task in which names are either encountered in the absence of their target (experiments 1-3, 6 …

Adapting Relationships With Place: Investigating The Evolving Place Attachment And ‘Sense Of Place’ Of Uk Higher Education Students During A Period Of Intense Transition, Mark Holton

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

In recent years interest has emerged regarding the geographies of higher education students, particularly in patterns of mobility and dispersion. While anecdotal rhetoric suggests a ‘typical student’ exists within UK institutions. What resonates is the notion that students are inherently heterogeneous, experiencing University in differing ways and times according to their circumstances and year of study. This paper uses ‘walking interviews’ conducted with University of Portsmouth students as a method to unpack how ‘non-local’ students might go about interpreting their sense of place within their term-time location. This methodology was designed specifically to ensure discussions of ‘sense of place’ remain …

Authentication Aura: A Cooperative And Distributed Approach To User Authentication On Mobile Devices, Christopher George Hocking

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

As information technology pervades our lives we have increasingly come to rely on these evermore sophisticated and ubiquitous items of equipment. Portability and the desire to be connected around the clock has driven the rapid growth in adoption of mobile devices that enable us to talk, message, tweet and inform at will, whilst providing a means to shop and administer bank accounts. These high value, high risk, desirable devices are increasingly the target of theft and improvement in their protection is actively sought by Governments and security agencies. Although forms of security are in place they are compromised by human …

A Review Of Knowledge Management In The Public Sector: A Taxonomy, Paul J. Mc Evoy, Amr Arisha, Mohamed Ragab

Conference papers

Purpose – Public organisations today face management challenges to cope with current markets in what’s known as a knowledge era. They primarily face adaptive challenges. Changes in communities, markets, business behaviour, competition, and most importantly technology around the globe are forcing all organisations to clarify their strengths, develop knowledge strategies, and learn new ways of managing their human capital. Governmental organisations also exhibit tendencies towards unusual and bureaucratic cultures mired in hierarchical structures, which create peculiar challenges that confront Knowledge Management (KM) efforts within the public sector. As public firms attempt to effectively manage their knowledge, organisational culture and structure …

Technology-Enhanced Learning: Towards Providing Supports For Phd Students And Researchers In Higher Education., Eileen O'Donnell, Liam O'Donnell

Books/Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Establishing An Information Security Awareness And Culture, Peter Korovessis

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

In today’s business environment all business operations are enabled by technology. Its always on and connected nature has brought new business possibilities but at the same time has increased the number of potential threats. Information security has become an established discipline as more and more businesses realize its value. Many surveys have indicated the importance of protecting valuable information and an important aspect that must be addressed in this regard is information security awareness. The human component has been recognized to have an important role in information security since the only way to reduce security risks is through making employees …

W423.1-0-01 - College Of Arts And Sciences: Dean's Office: Various Records, College Of Arts And Sciences

University Archives Finding Aids

No abstract provided.

Subject And Aesthetic Interface - An Inquiry Into Transformed Subjectivities, Kathrine Elizabeth Lorena Johansson

School of Art, Design and Architecture Theses

The present PhD-thesis seeks new definitions of human subjectivity in an age of technoscience and a networked, globalized, Information Society. The perspective presented relates to Philosophy of Science, which includes the Human, the Natural, the Social and the Life Sciences. The project is directed at addressing, and aims to participate in, the further development of Philosophy of Science, or rather, the philosophy of knowing, which leaves a perspective broader than that of science. Methodologically, I combine readings of technoetic artworks, which I approach from a hermeneutical-semiotic perspective, with transdisciplinary research into existing theory concerning the human subject. These readings form …

Body + Power + Justice: Movement-Based Workshops For Critical Tutor Education, Beth Godbee, Moira Ozias, Jasmine Kar Tang

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

The Writing Center And Transfer Of Learning: A Primer For Directors, Bonnie Devet

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Modeling Behaviour Of Nurses In Clinical Medical Unit In University Hospital: Burnout Implications, Wael Rashwan, Amr Arisha

Conference papers

High demand of healthcare services due to changes in population demography, technological and medical advancements, budget limitations have direct effect on medical staff and medical organizations in particularly hospitals. One of the major issues confronting the healthcare system is staff behavior when they get close to 'burnout' level. This study identifies factors affecting nurses' behavior and its impact on patients experience time using system dynamics. A particular focus is given to nurses in one of the medical clinical units in one of the largest hospitals in Ireland. Armed with a comprehensive system dynamic model that revolves around the staff stresses, …

The Impact Of Subject Age, Gender, And Arch Length On Attitudes Of Syrian Dentists Towards Shortened Dental Arches, Mz Nassani, Ti Al-Nahhal, O Kujan, B Tarakji, Ej Kay

Peninsula Dental School

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the impact of subject age, gender, and arch length on dentists’ attitudes towards unrestored shortened dental arches.Materials and Methods. 93 Syrian dentists were interviewed and presented with 24 scenarios for male and female subjects of different ages and shortened dental arches of varying length. Participants were asked to indicate on a standardized visual analogue scale how they would value the health of the mouth if the posterior space was left unrestored.Results. A value of 0.0 represented the worst possible health state for a mouth and 1.0 represented the best. The highest mean value (0.73) …

W403-004d-02 - Office Of The President: Henry Radcliffe Sims: Administrative Records, Office Of The President, Henry Radcliffe Sims

University Archives Finding Aids

No abstract provided.

W404-001a-02 - Office Of The Vice President For Academic Affairs: Academic Dean: Subject File, Office Of The Vice President For Academic Affairs

University Archives Finding Aids

No abstract provided.

Trailmaking Test Performance Contributes To Subjective Judgment Of Visual Efficiency In Older Adults, Annalisa Setti, James Loughman, George Savva, Rose Anne Kenny

Articles

Introduction.

The determinant factors that influence self-reported quality of vision have yet to be fully elucidated. This study evaluated a range of contextual information, established psychophysical tests, and in particular, a series of cognitive tests as potentially novel determinant factors.

Materials &Methods. Community dwelling adults (aged 50+) recruited to Wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, excluding those registered blind, participated in this study (N = 5,021). Self-reports of vision were analysed in relation to visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, ocular pathology, visual (Choice Response Time task; TrailMaking Test) and global cognition. Contextual factors such as having visited …

An Exploration Of The Effects On Programme Design And Development Effected By Educational Leadership In Reaction To Societal And Economic Factors In Ireland, Roisin Donnelly, Nuala Harding

Journal Articles

It has affected many countries around the world, and Irish higher education has not found itself immune from undergoing a period of significant change, powered by a number of factors: economic, political, and technological. While these trends are global in their scope, and profound in their impact, the pace of change in the Irish economy since 2007-08 in particular has required institutions and their educational leaders to encourage the emergence of programmes which can respond to the current national needs. In periods of rapid change such as this, educational leaders by necessity tend to focus on short-term strategy and transition …