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2015

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Linking Adiponectin And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Breast Cancer Metastatic Potential, Emily Libby Jan 2015

Linking Adiponectin And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Breast Cancer Metastatic Potential, Emily Libby

All ETDs from UAB

Curative approaches for metastatic breast cancer remain elusive. Adiponectin is the most abundant of the adipocyte-secreted adipokines, and there is recent interest in development of adiponectin-based therapies for this disease. Yet, while multiple epidemiological studies have indicated that low levels of circulating plasma adiponectin portend poorer prognosis, recent work has reported that elevated adiponectin expression in breast tissue correlates with advanced disease. Further, isoform-specific roles of this molecule are not well understood. Thus, the overarching purpose of this work was to elucidate how adiponectin isoforms contribute to the microenvironmental regulation of the early steps of breast cancer metastasis. We show …

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Designed Multipurpose Nanoparticles For Targeted Delivery Of Anticancer Therapeutics For Malignant Mesothelioma, Yasin Oduk Jan 2015

Designed Multipurpose Nanoparticles For Targeted Delivery Of Anticancer Therapeutics For Malignant Mesothelioma, Yasin Oduk

All ETDs from UAB

Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive deadly pleural cancer overexpressing Ephrin A2 receptors which are biomarkers for malignant mesothelioma. The Ephrin A1 ligand binding to the Ephrin A2 receptor downregulates overexpression of the Ephrin A2 in malignant mesothelioma cells (MMC). Similarly, the YSA peptide can mimic the Ephrin A1 ligand and both could be suitable as targeting agents and tumor suppressing agents for MMC. In this work, we conjugated the surface of nanoparticles with the YSA peptide and Ephrin A1 ligand to deliver paclitaxel with low solubility by targeting the MMC. We have obtained nanoparticles ranging 188-278 nm with the Ephrin …

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Examining Parental And Neighborhood Factors As Moderators In A Youth Violence Prevention Pilot Study, Kendra Piper Jan 2015

Examining Parental And Neighborhood Factors As Moderators In A Youth Violence Prevention Pilot Study, Kendra Piper

All ETDs from UAB

Youth violence is a significant and prevalent public health concern in the United States. Adolescents and young adults have the highest rates of violent crime perpetration and victimization. Youth violence is a complex problem involving multiple levels of influence that interact to diminish or increase risk and protective factors in high risk communities. Family and neighborhood factors have emerged as prominent influences on the risk of violent and delinquent behavior. Approaches to reducing risk behaviors in adolescence have moved beyond traditional risk-factor reduction to emphasize the importance of enhancing protective factors. Positive youth development programs have been found to be …

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Teacher And Student Perceptions Of What Motivates Reading In African American Males Enrolled In Developmental Reading Classes: A Qualitative Multiple Case Analysis, Dominique Prince Jan 2015

Teacher And Student Perceptions Of What Motivates Reading In African American Males Enrolled In Developmental Reading Classes: A Qualitative Multiple Case Analysis, Dominique Prince

All ETDs from UAB

TEACHER AND STUDENT PERCEPTIONS OF WHAT MOTIVATES READING IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES ENROLLED IN DEVELOPMENTAL READING CLASSES DOMINIQUE PRINCE EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP ABSTRACT Research has indicated that effective literacy skills are needed participate fully in society and become productive employees. Still, many high school graduates lack the essential literary skills needed. In spite of African American males continuing to value literacy, some are not performing to levels of proficiency. Understanding the impact teachers and educational leaders have on students’ reading achievement, attention has been placed on students’ motivation to read. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case analysis was to explore …

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Perceptions Of Facial Attractiveness: Outcomes Of Orthognathic Surgery, Brittany Bross Reid Jan 2015

Perceptions Of Facial Attractiveness: Outcomes Of Orthognathic Surgery, Brittany Bross Reid

All ETDs from UAB

PERCEPTIONS OF FACIAL ATTRACTIVENESS: OUTCOMES OF ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY BRITTANY REID DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ABSTRACT Perceptions of physical attractiveness contribute to generalized assumptions that can create significant bias in social decision-making. Because these biases exist, patients often seek ways to improve facial harmony and overall appearance. Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery are treatment modalities that may be considered as a means to achieve facial balance. Orthodontists and oral surgeons must have an understanding of facial beauty and how to properly carry out techniques in order to preserve or improve facial balance. More importantly, the treatment goals of the patient and clinician(s) must …

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Bcla As An Adjunct To Current Bacillus Anthracis Vaccination And Therapy Protocols, Juan Bosco Rodriguez Barrantes Jan 2015

Bcla As An Adjunct To Current Bacillus Anthracis Vaccination And Therapy Protocols, Juan Bosco Rodriguez Barrantes

All ETDs from UAB

Bacillus anthracis (Ba) is a Gram,-positive zoonotic bacterium that causes inhala- tional, cutaneous and intestinal Anthrax Disease. Although the infectious form of Ba is its endospore (spore), only the tripartite toxin-producing vegetative bacteria causes disease pathology. While current vaccination strategies target the Protective Antigen (PA) com- ponent of this toxin, vaccine-elicited immunity to the spore form of Ba is lacking. How- ever, vaccines targeting spore components of Ba have the potential to neutralize the in- fectious form of Ba. We sought to determine if antibodies elicited through immunization with the main antigenic component of the spore surface- Bacillus collagen-like protein …

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Investigating The Role Of Myristoylated Alanine Rich C Kinase Substrate's (Marcks's) Effector Domain In Lung And Brain Cancer Biology, Timothy D. Rohrbach Jan 2015

Investigating The Role Of Myristoylated Alanine Rich C Kinase Substrate's (Marcks's) Effector Domain In Lung And Brain Cancer Biology, Timothy D. Rohrbach

All ETDs from UAB

In this study, we investigated the role MARCKS's Effector Domain plays in lung and brain cancer biology. Initially, we identified that MARCKS was present in a range of lung cancer histologies including: squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, and normal lung tissues among others. In addition, lung adenocarcinoma patients with a mutation in the MARCKS gene correlated with decreased survival as determined by The Cancer Genome Atlas. In vitro studies identified that the phosphorylation status of MARCKS's Effector Domain was able to influence lung cancer radiation sensitivity. When MARCKS's Effector Domain was in a non-phosphorylated state, A549 lung cancer cell lines experienced increased …

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The Mechanism Of Small Molecule Viral Fusion Inhibitors, Michael Joseph Rowse Jan 2015

The Mechanism Of Small Molecule Viral Fusion Inhibitors, Michael Joseph Rowse

All ETDs from UAB

All negative stranded RNA viruses (NSRV) have genomes encapsidated by oligomerized nucleoprotein (N). The N-RNA complex acts as the template for both transcription and replication. The crystal structure of the N protein from the model NSRV vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) established the structural basis for the oligomerization of N-protein and the encapsidation of RNA. To determine how the structure of N protein changes in response to specific sequences of RNA, we developed a strategy to digest the random RNA encapsidated in the recombinant N-protein and reencapsidated specific RNA sequences. Poly-rA, poly-rC, poly-rU, and poly-rG sequences were encapsidated and co-crystallized with …

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Spectroscopic Characterization Of Iron-Doped Ii-Vi Compounds For Laser Applications, Alan David Martinez Jan 2015

Spectroscopic Characterization Of Iron-Doped Ii-Vi Compounds For Laser Applications, Alan David Martinez

All ETDs from UAB

The middle Infrared (mid-IR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum between 2 and 15 μm has many features which are of interest to a variety of fields such as molecular spectroscopy, biomedical applications, industrial process control, oil prospecting, free-space communication and defense-related applications. Because of this, there is a demand for broadly tunable, laser sources operating over this spectral region which can be easily and inexpensively produced. II-VI semiconductor materials doped with transition metals (TM) such as Co2+, Cr2+, or Fe2+ exhibit highly favorable spectroscopic characteristics for mid-IR laser applications. Among these TM dopants, Fe2+ has absorption and emission which extend …

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Emergency Department Wait Time Communication Strategies And Patient Throughput Efficiency, Tom R. Mcdougal Jan 2015

Emergency Department Wait Time Communication Strategies And Patient Throughput Efficiency, Tom R. Mcdougal

All ETDs from UAB

This study investigates hospital strategies used to inform patients of anticipated wait times in the Emergency Department (ED) and the association of such strategies with patient throughput efficiency. When hospitals are inefficient in ED patient throughput, conditions of overcrowding often occur. Overcrowding of the ED is a problem for many hospitals. When such conditions exist, there is evidence in the literature that it leads to lower patient satisfaction, care quality, and financial position of the hospital. Therefore, improving patient throughput efficiency is a priority for hospitals. To improve patient throughput efficiency, hospitals use a variety of strategies. This study focuses …

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Stat4 Regulates Multiple Pathogenic Mechanisms Of Cd4 T Cells In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, A Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Ian Lee Mcwilliams Jan 2015

Stat4 Regulates Multiple Pathogenic Mechanisms Of Cd4 T Cells In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, A Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Ian Lee Mcwilliams

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease whereby the host immune system fails to recognize self vs non-self and targets myelin of the central nervous system. Currently there is no permanent cure for MS and the efficacy of immune modulatory treatments often wane over time, therefore we seek to determine novel pathogenic mechanisms to target therapeutically. CD4 T cells have been found within inflammatory CNS lesions of MS patients and are believed to be important mediators of MS pathology. To study CD4 T cells in the context of MS, we use the well-defined MS mouse model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). …

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Gaba(A) Receptor Trafficking And Localization In Schizophrenia, Toni Marie Mueller Jan 2015

Gaba(A) Receptor Trafficking And Localization In Schizophrenia, Toni Marie Mueller

All ETDs from UAB

Mechanisms underlying the complex etiology of schizophrenia have long been a subject of scientific inquiry. Early investigations focused on identifying functional deficits in dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, but evidence for disrupted GABAergic signaling has also emerged. Recent studies from our lab have identified disrupted N-glycosylation of glutamate receptor and transporter subunits and abnormal subcellular distribution of glutamate receptor subunits, suggesting a potential functional consequence of perturbed N-glycosylation in schizophrenia. N-glycosylation is the posttranslational enzymatic attachment of an oligosaccharide precursor to a protein. This modification plays a significant role in protein processing in the ER and Golgi, and is known to …

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Gap Year Saviours - An Analysis Of The Role Of Race In An Advertisement For Development Volunteering, Jack Hogan Jan 2015

Gap Year Saviours - An Analysis Of The Role Of Race In An Advertisement For Development Volunteering, Jack Hogan

Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies

The issues of race and ethnicity are taboo in the realm of development. By critically analysing a representation of race and ethnicity in an advertisement for an international development agency, this paper seeks to open new avenues of discussion to break this silence. The paper examines the reduction of the racial identity through the process of stereotyping, the commodification of vulnerable children from the devloping world through the hidden language of race and the construction of the development worker as a ‘white saviour’ through the depiction of volunteers as ‘rescuers’. The aim of this paper is not to simply dismiss …

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Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Ribosomal Rna Gene, Blake L. Atwood Jan 2015

Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Ribosomal Rna Gene, Blake L. Atwood

All ETDs from UAB

The ribosome has the major role of synthesizing almost all the proteins of the cell. One of the main structural components of the ribosome are the ribosomal RNAs 18S, 28S, 5.8S and the 5S which are bound by numerous proteins to make up a fully functional unit. In the human genome there are approximately 400 copies of the rRNA gene, which contains all but the 5S rRNA in one long transcription unit. This gene is found in tandem repeats on the acrocentric arm of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22. It is critical that this gene is tightly regulated …

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In- Vitro Wear Of Four Cad-Cam Materials In The Uab Wear Simulating Device, Ritika Bansal Jan 2015

In- Vitro Wear Of Four Cad-Cam Materials In The Uab Wear Simulating Device, Ritika Bansal

All ETDs from UAB

In- vitro Wear of Four CAD- CAM Materials in the UAB Wear Simulating Device RITIKA BANSAL MS IN CLINICAL DENTISTRY ABSTRACT Hybrid ceramic/polymer blocks represent a new category of CAD/CAM materials that do not require heat treatment following milled fabrication and limited clinically relevant mechanical properties of these materials are available. Purpose: This study measures the hardness, flexural strength, modulus, and wear of 3 ceramic/polymer hybrid materials (LAVA Ultimate, Enamic, and Cerasmart), 2 reference glass ceramics (IPS e.max and Celtra Duo), and 1 reference composite material (Paradigm MZ100). Methods: Flexural strength specimens (n=10) (2.5 × 2.5 × 16 mm) were …

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Innovative Dart™ Ms Applications For Rapid Opioid Detection In Ante- And Post-Mortem Specimens, Rachel Crocker Beck Jan 2015

Innovative Dart™ Ms Applications For Rapid Opioid Detection In Ante- And Post-Mortem Specimens, Rachel Crocker Beck

All ETDs from UAB

The studies presented herein were born through the observations of the challenges that are faced by forensic toxicology laboratories. While these challenges were first observed in the forensic toxicology field, they are common across clinical, workplace drug testing, and pain management laboratories alike. The challenge is how to increase efficiency without sacrificing quality. Current drug screening protocols such as immunoassays (IA), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and liquid-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) are robust but inefficient and limited, with some analyses providing only class information. These analyses when coupled require up to four days to complete for a confirmed, …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of A Collagen Based Biodegradable Polymer Initiated By Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle For Bone Regeneration, Didarul B. Bhuiyan Jan 2015

Synthesis And Characterization Of A Collagen Based Biodegradable Polymer Initiated By Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle For Bone Regeneration, Didarul B. Bhuiyan

All ETDs from UAB

Synthetic bone graft biomaterials are considered as a potential alternative to the conventional use of bone grafts, due to their limitless supply and lack of disease transmission. Current synthetic bone graft materials generally lack the necessary combination of biological and mechanical properties for use as a bone graft substitute. Bone is a dynamic tissue that serves biological, chemical and mechanical purpose in the body and it is unlikely that a single component synthetic biomaterial can provide the appropriate combination of mechanical integrity and biological stimulation to replace bone. Multicomponent biomaterials need chemical bonding between the components to prevent phase separation …

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Preliminary Characterization Of The Microbial Community In The Bonneville Salt Flats, Garner Lansing Boogaerts Jan 2015

Preliminary Characterization Of The Microbial Community In The Bonneville Salt Flats, Garner Lansing Boogaerts

All ETDs from UAB

Hypersaline environments (salt concentrations greater than two molar) are found on all continents and represent a woefully understudied ecosystem. To date, most of the hypersaline environments studied have been either lakes (e.g. The Great Salt Lake, Utah) or deep ocean/sea brine pools (e.g. Red Sea), both of which have an abundance of accessible water for the organisms living there. However, more extreme hypersaline environments have not been characterized as thoroughly. One of these environments is the Bonneville Salt Flats (BSF) in Western Utah. The BSF is 80 square miles in size and consists of a salt crust of varying thickness …

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Predictive Modeling Of Ocular Surface Disease States Using Multiple Inflammatory Biomarkers, John L. Bradley Jan 2015

Predictive Modeling Of Ocular Surface Disease States Using Multiple Inflammatory Biomarkers, John L. Bradley

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of this study was to adapt conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) and RNA isolation and processing procedures for gene expression analysis of ocular surface inflammatory biomarkers. The RNA yield and quality should be sufficient to enable quantitative real-time PCR of no less than 12 key target genes, with the goal of differentiating among dry eye groups. This study used the optimized inflammatory biomarker gene expression assay in a patient study to identify differences between dry eye and control participants. Materials and Methods CIC was used to collect conjunctival surface cells from 53 qualifying dry eye and control …

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Perceptions Of Elementary School Leaders In Supporting The Academic And Social Development Of African American Males In Torchbearer Schools, Tracy Brown Jan 2015

Perceptions Of Elementary School Leaders In Supporting The Academic And Social Development Of African American Males In Torchbearer Schools, Tracy Brown

All ETDs from UAB

PERCEPTIONS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEADERS IN SUPPORTING THE ACADEMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES IN TORCHBEARER SCHOOLS TRACY HANDLEY BROWN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP ABSTRACT This qualitative multiple case study explored the perceptions of Alabama Torchbearer School leaders in supporting the academic and social development of their elementary African American male students. There is limited research to show how elementary school leaders support their African American male students. My study helped to provide insight into how elementary school leaders support their African American male student population. The study was conducted in 10 Torchbearer Schools in Alabama. The participants included 10 …

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Informatyka W Społeczeństwie Informacyjnym, Witold Chmielarz, Jerzy Kisielnicki, Tomasz Parys Jan 2015

Informatyka W Społeczeństwie Informacyjnym, Witold Chmielarz, Jerzy Kisielnicki, Tomasz Parys

Monografie/Monographs

Społeczeństwo informacyjne określane jest mianem takiego, w którym zdecydowana większość działań ekonomicznych i społecznych jest wspomagana za pomocą technik informacyjnych. Oznacza to, że systemy komputerowe stają się nie tylko wszechobecne w gospodarce i życiu prywatnym, ale że są nam niezbędne do podejmowania wszelkich decyzji związanych z wykonywanym przez nas zawodem oraz decyzji życiowych. System informatyczny to już niewątpliwie pierwsze źródło, do którego sięgamy, gdy poszukujemy informacji na jakikolwiek temat. Źródło jeszcze głęboko niedoskonałe, pełne błędów i niedopowiedzeń, nierzadko nam narzucone przez monopolizujące rynek firmy informatyczne. Nie jest to jednak niewątpliwie powód do jego odrzucenia. Wręcz przeciwnie – powinniśmy starać się, …

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Lab-On-A-Brane: A Novel Physiologically Relevant Planar Arterial Model To Study Transendothelial Transport, Karim I. Budhwani Jan 2015

Lab-On-A-Brane: A Novel Physiologically Relevant Planar Arterial Model To Study Transendothelial Transport, Karim I. Budhwani

All ETDs from UAB

The tremendous quality of life impact notwithstanding, cardiovascular diseases and Cancer add up to over US$ 700bn each year in financial costs alone. Aging and population growth are expected to further expand the problem space while drug research and development remain expensive. However, preclinical costs can be substantially mitigated by substituting animal models with in vitro devices that accurately model human cardiovascular transport. Here we present a novel physiologically relevant lab-on-a-brane that simulates in vivo pressure, flow, strain, and shear waveforms associated with normal and pathological conditions in large and small blood vessels for studying molecular transport across the endothelial …

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Association Of Molecular Pathology V. Myriad Genetics, Inc.: Determining The Scope Of The Supreme Court's Holding For Patentable Subject Matter, Ashley Winkler Jan 2015

Association Of Molecular Pathology V. Myriad Genetics, Inc.: Determining The Scope Of The Supreme Court's Holding For Patentable Subject Matter, Ashley Winkler

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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A Uniform Test Isn't Here Right Now, But Please Leave A Message: How Altering The Spence Symbolic Speech Test Can Better Meet The Needs Of An Expressive Society, Caitlin Housley Jan 2015

A Uniform Test Isn't Here Right Now, But Please Leave A Message: How Altering The Spence Symbolic Speech Test Can Better Meet The Needs Of An Expressive Society, Caitlin Housley

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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50,000 Voices Can't Be Wrong, But Courts Might Be: How Chevron's Existence Contributes To Retrenching The Higher Education Act, Twinette L. Johnson Jan 2015

50,000 Voices Can't Be Wrong, But Courts Might Be: How Chevron's Existence Contributes To Retrenching The Higher Education Act, Twinette L. Johnson

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Crowd Crush: How The Law Leaves American Crowds Unprotected, Tracy Hresko Pearl Jan 2015

Crowd Crush: How The Law Leaves American Crowds Unprotected, Tracy Hresko Pearl

Kentucky Law Journal

Crowd-related injuries and deaths are startlingly common both in the United States and worldwide. They occur in a wide range of situations and at a vast array of venues: at music concerts, sporting events, retail holiday sales, in and around airports, subway plaorms, and parking lots, among other locations. These "crowd crush" incidents, however, are extremely underreported and rarely litigated, masking the seriousness of this issue and making it difficult for the few victims who pursue legal recourse to recover damages. Given that there is virtually no statutory law in the United States pertaining to crowd management and control, crowd …

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Rectifying These Mean Streets: Percent-For-Art Ordinances, Street Furniture, And The New Streetscape, Asmara M. Tekle Jan 2015

Rectifying These Mean Streets: Percent-For-Art Ordinances, Street Furniture, And The New Streetscape, Asmara M. Tekle

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Persecution: How Much Is Enough?, Hillary R. Chambers Jan 2015

Persecution: How Much Is Enough?, Hillary R. Chambers

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Federal Reverse Preemption Of Uninsured And Underinsured Motorist Coverage Offering In The Digital Age: E-Sign And Ueta Have Not Had A Significant Impact On State Offering Or Rejection Requirements, Steven Plitt, Daniel Maldonado, John Wittwer Jan 2015

Federal Reverse Preemption Of Uninsured And Underinsured Motorist Coverage Offering In The Digital Age: E-Sign And Ueta Have Not Had A Significant Impact On State Offering Or Rejection Requirements, Steven Plitt, Daniel Maldonado, John Wittwer

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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School-Wide Factors In New York State High School Counseling Program Readiness, Dianah Cantres Jan 2015

School-Wide Factors In New York State High School Counseling Program Readiness, Dianah Cantres

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

While current accountability regimes in U.S. public education focus on the job performance of individual school professionals, research in industrial/organizational psychology has established the importance of system-wide factors for organizational outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify school-wide factors that predict guidance program readiness in New York State high schools. This nonexperimental, quantitative study was based on a survey sample of 97 guidance counselors in New York State. Multivariariate analyses of variance showed that two school-wide independent variables-urbanization of school location and counselor-student ratio-predict scores on guidance program readiness, measured using the American School Counselor Association Readiness Survey. …

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