Digital Commons Network^™

Burkholderia Pseudomallei Capsular Polysaccharide Recognition By A Monoclonal Antibody Reveals Key Details Toward A Biodefense Vaccine And Diagnostics Against Melioidosis, Roberta Marchetti, Michael J. Dillon, Mary N. Burtnick, Mark A. Hubbard, Marielle Tamigney Kenfack, Yves Blériot, Charles Gauthier, Paul J. Brett, David P. Aucoin, Rosa Lanzetta, Alba Silipo, Antonio Molinaro

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

A Randomized 2x2 Factorial Clinical Trial Of Renal Transplantation: Steroid-Free Maintenance Immunosuppression With Calcineurin Inhibitor Withdrawal After Six Months Associates With Improved Renal Function And Reduced Chronic Histopathology, R. Brian Stevens, Kirk W. Foster, Clifford D. Miles, Andre C. Kalil, Diana F. Florescu, John P. Sandoz, Theodore H. Rigley, Tamer Malik, Lucile E. Wrenshall

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Introduction

The two most significant impediments to renal allograft survival are rejection and the direct nephrotoxicity of the immunosuppressant drugs required to prevent it. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), a mainstay of most immunosuppression regimens, are particularly nephrotoxic. Until less toxic antirejection agents become available, the only option is to optimize our use of those at hand.

Aim

To determine whether intensive rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) induction followed by CNI withdrawal would individually or combined improve graft function and reduce graft chronic histopathology–surrogates for graft and, therefore, patient survival. As previously reported, a single large rATG dose over 24 hours was well-tolerated …

Analysis Of Cell-Mediated Immune Responses In Support Of Dengue Vaccine Development Efforts, Alan L. Rothman, Jeffrey R. Currier, Heather L. Friberg, Anuja Mathew

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

Dengue vaccine development has made significant strides, but a better understanding of how vaccine-induced immune responses correlate with vaccine efficacy can greatly accelerate development, testing, and deployment as well as ameliorate potential risks and safety concerns. Advances in basic immunology knowledge and techniques have already improved our understanding of cell-mediated immunity of natural dengue virus infection and vaccination. We conclude that the evidence base is adequate to argue for inclusion of assessments of cell-mediated immunity as part of clinical trials of dengue vaccines, although further research to identify useful correlates of protective immunity is needed.

Bats, Trypanosomes, And Triatomines In Ecuador: New Insights Into The Diversity, Transmission, And Origins Of Trypanosoma Cruzi And Chagas Disease, C. Miguel Pinto, Sofía Ocaña-Mayorga, Elicio E. Tapia, Simón E. Lobos, Alejandra P. Zurita, Fernanda Aguirre-Villacís, Amber Macdonald, Anita G. Villacís, Luciana Lima, Marta M. G. Teixeira, Mario J. Grijalva, Susan L. Perkins

Publications and Research

The generalist parasite Trypanosoma cruzi has two phylogenetic lineages associated almost exclusively with bats—Trypanosoma cruzi Tcbat and the subspecies T. c. marinkellei. We present new information on the genetic variation, geographic distribution, host associations, and potential vectors of these lineages. We conducted field surveys of bats and triatomines in southern Ecuador, a country endemic for Chagas disease, and screened for trypanosomes by microscopy and PCR. We identified parasites at species and genotype levels through phylogenetic approaches based on 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) and cytochrome b (cytb) genes and conducted a comparison of nucleotide diversity of the cytb gene. We …

The Ticker, October 13, 2015

The Ticker

The Ticker is the student newspaper of Baruch College. It has been published continuously since 1932, when the Baruch College campus was the School of Business and Civic Administration of the City College of New York.

Volume 89, Issue 4 (2015)

Obiter Dicta

No abstract provided.

Investigation Of Potential Early Histologic Markers Of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Julie A. Bass, Craig A. Friesen, Amanda D. Deacy, Nancy Neilan, Julia M. Bracken, Valentina Shakhnovich, Vivekanand Singh

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

© 2015 Bass et al. Background: Early manifestations of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be relatively nonspecific. Initial mucosal biopsies may not be conclusive, delaying the diagnosis until subsequent biopsies demonstrate typical histologic features of IBD. We hypothesized that certain inflammatory cell types may be utilized as early histologic indicators of IBD in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis compared histologic findings from initially inconclusive or negative endoscopic studies in 22 patients who were subsequently diagnosed with IBD (after diagnostic endoscopy) to those of 20 comparison patients with functional abdominal pain matched for age, gender, and study type. A pediatric …

Mitochondrial Mass, A New Metabolic Biomarker For Stem-Like Cancer Cells: Understanding Wnt/Fgf-Driven Anabolic Signaling., Rebecca Lamb, Gloria Bonuccelli, Béla Ozsvári, Maria Peiris-Pagès, Marco Fiorillo, Duncan L Smith, Generoso Bevilacqua, Chiara Maria Mazzanti, Liam A Mcdonnell, Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato, Maybo Chiu, Luke Wynne, Ubaldo E Martinez-Outschoorn, Federica Sotgia, Michael P. Lisanti

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Here, we developed an isogenic cell model of "stemness" to facilitate protein biomarker discovery in breast cancer. For this purpose, we used knowledge gained previously from the study of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). MMTV initiates mammary tumorigenesis in mice by promoter insertion adjacent to two main integration sites, namely Int-1 (Wnt1) and Int-2 (Fgf3), which ultimately activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, driving the propagation of mammary cancer stem cells (CSCs). Thus, to develop a humanized model of MMTV signaling, we over-expressed WNT1 and FGF3 in MCF7 cells, an ER(+) human breast cancer cell line. We then validated that MCF7 cells …

Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound Indicates Reduced Bone Status Among Physically Active Adult Forager-Horticulturalists, Jonathan Stieglitz, Felicia C. Madimenos, Hillard Kaplan, Michael Gurven

ESI Publications

Six months of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is considered optimal for infant health, though globally most infants begin complementary feeding (CF) earlier—including among populations that practice prolonged breastfeeding. Two frameworks for understanding patterns of early CF emerge in the literature. In the first, maternal and infant needs trade-off, as “maternal-centric” factors—related to time and energy demands, reproductive investment, cultural influences, and structural barriers— favor supplanting breastfeeding with earlier and increased CF. A second framework considers that “infant-centric” factors—related to infant energetic needs—favor CF before six months to supplement breastfeeding.

We apply these two frameworks in examining early CF among the Tsimane—a …

Dynamic Ubiquitination Drives Herpesvirus Neuroinvasion, Nicholas J. Huffmaster, Patricia J. Sollars, Alexsia L. Richards, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Neuroinvasive herpesviruses display a remarkable propensity to enter the nervous system of healthy individuals in the absence of obvious trauma at the site of inoculation. We document a repurposing of cellular ubiquitin during infection to switch the virus between two invasive states. The states act sequentially to defeat consecutive host barriers of the peripheral nervous system and together promote the potent neuroinvasive phenotype. The first state directs virus access to nerve endings in peripheral tissue, whereas the second delivers virus particles within nerve fibers to the neural ganglia. Mutant viruses locked in either state remain competent to overcome the corresponding …

The Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Favipiravir Protects Guinea Pigs From Lethal Lassa Virus Infection Post-Disease Onset, David Safronetz, Kyle Rosenke, Jonna B. Westover, Cynthia Martellaro, Atsushi Okumura, Yousuke Furuta, Joan Geisbert, Greg Saturday, Takashi Komeno, Thomas W. Geisbert, Heinz Feldmann, Brian B. Gowen

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

With up to 500,000 infections annually, Lassa virus (LASV), the cause of Lassa fever, is one of the most prevalent etiological agents of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) in humans. LASV is endemic in several West African countries with sporadic cases and prolonged outbreaks observed most commonly in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Additionally several cases of Lassa fever have been imported into North America, Europe and Asia making LASV a global threat to public health. Despite this, currently no approved therapeutic or vaccine exists to treat or prevent LASV infections. Here, using a passaged strain of LASV that is …

The Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Favipiravir Protects Guinea Pigs From Lethal Lassa Virus Infection Post-Disease Onset, David Safronetz, Kyle Rosenke, Cynthia Martellaro, Heinz Feldmann, Jonna B. Westover, Brian B. Gowen, Atsushi Okumura, Yousuke Furuta, Takashi Komeno, Greg Saturday, Joan Geisbert, Thomas W. Geisbert

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

With up to 500,000 infections annually, Lassa virus (LASV), the cause of Lassa fever, is one of the most prevalent etiological agents of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) in humans. LASV is endemic in several West African countries with sporadic cases and prolonged outbreaks observed most commonly in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Additionally several cases of Lassa fever have been imported into North America, Europe and Asia making LASV a global threat to public health. Despite this, currently no approved therapeutic or vaccine exists to treat or prevent LASV infections. Here, using a passaged strain of LASV that is …

A Tail Of Two Phages: Genomic And Functional Analysis Of Listeria Monocytogenes Phages Vb_Lmos_188 And Vb_Lmos_293 Reveal The Receptor-Binding Proteins Involved In Host Specificity, Aidan Casey, Kieran Jordan, Horst Neve, Aidan Coffey, Olivia Mcauliffe

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

The physical characteristics of bacteriophages establish them as viable candidates for downstream development of pathogen detection assays and biocontrol measures. To utilize phages for such purposes, a detailed knowledge of their host interaction mechanisms is a prerequisite. There is currently a wealth of knowledge available concerning Gram-negative phage-host interaction, but little by comparison for Gram-positive phages and Listeria phages in particular. In this research, the lytic spectrum of two recently isolated Listeria monocytogenes phages (vB_LmoS_188 and vB_LmoS_293) was determined, and the genomic basis for their observed serotype 4b/4e host-specificity was investigated using comparative genomics. The late tail genes of these …

Prospectus, October 7, 2015, Parkland College, Zach Trueblood, Matthew D. Moss, Scott Barnes, Brittany Webb, Sarah Powers, Sierra Benson, Adam Vilmin, Jacob Kenter

Prospectus 2015

Black Student Success Project continues informative workshops, Parkland job fair invites women to consider law enforcement, Campus Sustainability Month highlighted, Science lectures open to students, community, Equestrian team starts fresh season with new coach, elected officers, Parkland offers innovative tech for students, Coast Guard: Missing ship sank, 1 body found, search ongoing(AP), Biden backs transgender military service(AP), Clinton pushing new gun controls after Oregon shooting(AP), What's happening at the Giertz Gallery?, Women's basketball begins quest for national championship, Women’s soccer beats SWIC 3-0,

A Multicenter, Open-Label, Controlled Phase Ii Study To Evaluate Safety And Immunogenicity Of Mva Smallpox Vaccine (Imvamune) In 18-40 Year Old Subjects With Diagnosed Atopic Dermatitis, Richard N. Greenberg, Maria Yadira Hurley, Dinh V. Dinh, Serena Mraz, Javier Gomez Vera, Dorothea Von Bredow, Alfred Von Krempelhuber, Siegfried Roesch, Garth Virgin, Nathaly Arndtz-Wiedemann, Thomas Peter Meyer, Darja Schmidt, Richard Nichols, Philip Young, Paul Chaplin

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Replicating smallpox vaccines can cause severe complications in individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD). Prior studies evaluating Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA), a non-replicating vaccine in humans, showed a favorable safety and immunogenicity profile in healthy volunteers.

OBJECTIVE: This Phase II study compared the safety and immunogenicity of MVA enrolling groups of 350 subjects with AD (SCORAD ≤ 30) and 282 healthy subjects.

METHODS: Subjects were vaccinated twice with MVA, each dose given subcutaneously 4 weeks apart. Adverse events, cardiac parameters, and the development of vaccinia virus humoral immune responses were monitored.

RESULTS: The overall safety …

4-H 425 Citizen Safety

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

4-H 425: How to participate in your community as a safe citizen.

Colonization Of Lutzomyia Verrucarum And Lutzomyia Longipalpis Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) By Bartonella Bacilliformis, The Etiologic Agent Of Carrion's Disease, James M. Battisti, Phillip G. Lawyer, Michael F. Minnick

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Bartonella bacilliformis is a pathogenic bacterium transmitted to humans presumably by bites of phlebotomine sand flies, infection with which results in a bi-phasic syndrome termed Carrion's disease. After constructing a low-passage GFP-labeled strain of B. bacilliformis, we artificially infected Lutzomyia verrucarum and L. longipalpis populations, and subsequently monitored colonization of sand flies by fluorescence microscopy. Initially, colonization of the two fly species was indistinguishable, with bacteria exhibiting a high degree of motility, yet still confined to the abdominal midgut. After 48h, B. bacilliformis transitioned from bacillus-shape to a non-motile, small coccoid form and appeared to be digested along with …

What's Happening: October 5, 2015, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Diagnostic Options And Challenges For Dengue And Chikungunya Viruses., Stacey K. Mardekian, Amity L. Roberts, Phd, D(Abmm)

Department of Medical Genetics Faculty Papers

Dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are arboviruses that share the same Aedes mosquito vectors and thus overlap in their endemic areas. These two viruses also cause similar clinical presentations, especially in the initial stages of infection, with neither virus possessing any specific distinguishing clinical features. Because the outcomes and management strategies for these two viruses are vastly different, early and accurate diagnosis is imperative. Diagnosis is also important for surveillance, outbreak control, and research related to vaccine and drug development. Available diagnostic tests are aimed at detection of the virus, its antigenic components, or the host immune antibody …

Stress Granules Modulate Syk To Cause Microglial Cell Dysfunction In Alzheimer's Disease, Soumira Ghosh, Robert Geahlen

Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty Publications

Microglial cells in the brains of Alzheimer's patients are known to be recruited to amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques where they exhibit an activated phenotype, but are defective for plaque removal by phagocytosis. In this study, we show that microglia stressed by exposure to sodium arsenite or Aβ(1–42) peptides or fibrils form ex- tensive stress granules (SGs) to which the tyrosine kinase, SYK, is recruited. SYK enhances the formation of SGs, is active within the resulting SGs and stimulates the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are toxic to neuronal cells. This sequestration of SYK inhibits the ability of microglial …

Week Of October 5, 2015, New York Medical College

InTouch

• School of Medicine Retreat Focuses on Diversity and Inclusion
• Late 19th Century Prize Microscopes Return to NYMC
• Historic Finds Now on Display in Sunshine Heritage Hall
• NYMC Seeds Selected for the Flu Vaccine
• NYMC Recognizes Three Decades of TB and HIV Lectures
• Meet the Farmers of the Good Food Farmers Network

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - October 4, 2015, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the October 4, 2015 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

USA Health System Hosts Welcome Reception for New Physicians

Educators from UFM School of Medicine in Guatemala Visit USA to Learn about Team-Based Learning

Reminder - USA to Host Welcome Reception Oct. 8

Dr. Parker Featured on Inspirational Physicians List

USA Welcomes Dr. Jeffrey Brewer

Variation In Microbiome Composition And Stability For A Vancomycin Treated Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Patient With Ulcerative Colitis Compared With Controls, Alanna Dubrovsky

Symposium

The bacterial composition of the human intestines contributes to much more than just digestion. In the inflammatory, autoimmune conditions primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the microbiome may be, in some cases, a factor. To gain a better understanding of the composition and stability of the microbiome in a patient treated with vancomycin for PSC, terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis was performed on 13 controls and 1 patient, and 16s rRNA microbiome composition analysis was performed on 1 patient and 3 controls. Results showed similar levels of stability, with surprising differences in composition.

Incidence Of West Nile Virus In House Sparrow Nestlings In Relation To Parental Effort, Natalie Mickelsen

Kaleidoscope

The house sparrow, Passer domesticus, is known to be an important host of West Nile (WN) virus and may contribute to the transmission of WN virus to humans. However, little is known about the factors that influence the occurrence of WN virus in birds. I conducted a study to determine if parental care was related to the rates of WN virus infections among nestling birds. I observed house sparrow nests for one hour periods noting the time the male and female parent spent on the nest box, in the nest box, and the number of food trips, as measures …

Julie Decker Is 2014-15 Employee Of The Year, Traci Bratton

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Adverse Drug Reactions And Resultant Health-Related Quality Of Life During Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment In South Africa, Ana Maria Kelly

Dissertations

The incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is on the rise globally. MDR-TB takes a minimum of 2 years to treat and the treatment regimen produces many adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for further research on the treatment of community- based MDR-TB patients as care is being decentralized to outpatient settings. In the WHO's TB progress report for 2015, they note there is a dearth of literature about anti- TB drug-induced mortality, morbidity and loss in quality of life, particularly in low- resource settings.

This study directly addresses this gap in knowledge by examining the …

Fever, Acute Kidney Injury (Aki), Thrombocytopenia & Hemolytic Anemia With Schistocytes – Babesiosis Mimicking Ttp Symptomology, Dhwani Pandya Md, Harshal Shah Do, Timothy Coyle Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Personalized Medicine: Definitions, History, And Implications For The Ot Profession, Diane Powers Dirette

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

No abstract provided.

Newsletter Fall 2015

Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Central Connections Fall 2015, Central Washington University

Central Connections

Central connections was the free magazine for Central Washington University alumni and friends. In 2019 it was replaced by Crimson and Black.