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Jiann-Ping Hsu College Of Public Health Magazine, Georgia Southern University

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Abdominal Lymphonodular Cryptococcosis In An Immunocompetent Child, Mehjabeen Zaidi, Sonia Qureshi, Sadia Shakoor, Saira Fatima, Fatima Mir

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

We describe our experience with an apparently immunocompetent child presenting with pyrexia of unknown origin without focal signs. Investigations revealed lymphadenopathy at lung hila, mesentery, and porta hepatis. The child had received at least two months of empiric antituberculous therapy (ATT) before she came to us. A CT-guided biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation. PAS stain showed yeasts which stained blue with Alcian blue, suggesting C. neoformans.

Impact Of Withholding Breastfeeding At The Time Of Vaccination On The Immunogenicity Of Oral Rotavirus Vaccine--A Randomized Trial, Asad Ali, Abdul Momin Kazi, Margaret M. Cortese, Jessica A. Fleming, Sungsil Moon, Umesh D. Parashar, Baoming Jiang, Monica M. Mcneal, Duncan Steele, Zulfiqar Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Breast milk contains anti-rotavirus IgA antibodies and other innate immune factors that inhibit rotavirus replication in vitro. These factors could diminish the immunogenicity of oral rotavirus vaccines, particularly if breastfeeding occurs close to the time of vaccine administration.
Methods: Between April 2011 and November 2012, we conducted an open label, randomized trial to compare the immunogenicity of Rotarix (RV1) in infants whose breastfeeding was withheld one hour before through one hour after vaccination with that in infants breastfed at the time of vaccination. The trial was conducted in the peri-urban area of Ibrahim Hyderi in Karachi, Pakistan. Both groups …

Lack Of Weight Recording In Patients Being Administered Narrow Therapeutic Index Antibiotics: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study, Esmita Charani, Myriam Gharbi, Mary Hickson, Shokri Othman, Aisha Alfituri, Gary Frost, Alison Holmes

School of Health Professions

ObjectivesPatient weight is a key measure for safe medication management and monitoring of patients. Here we report the recording of patient's body weight on admission in three hospitals in West London and its relationship with the prescription of antibiotic drugs where it is essential to have the body weight of the patient.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in three teaching hospitals in West London. Data were collected during March 2011–September 2011 and July 2012–August 2012, from adult admissions units, medical and surgical wards. Data from each ward were collected on a single day to provide a point prevalence data on …

Museum Monsters And Victorious Viruses: Improving Public Understanding Of Emerging Biomedical Research, Judy Diamond, Benjamin Jee, Camilla Matuk, Julia Mcquillan, Amy N. Spiegel, David Uttal

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Although microbes directly impact everyone's health, most people have limited knowledge about them. In this article, we describe a museum and media public education campaign aimed at helping diverse audiences better understand emerging knowledge about microbes and infectious disease. Funded primarily by the Science Education Partnership (SEPA) program of the National Institutes of Health, this campaign involved crosscutting programs designed to extend impacts throughout a broad public audience.

Hiv Infrastructure Study Birmingham, Alabama, Susan S. Reif, Kristen Sullivan, Carolyn Mcallaster, Miriam Berger

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Discrete And Dynamic Population Models With Logistic Growth Rate, Sabrina Heike Streipert

Doctoral Dissertations

"The Beverton-Holt difference equation defines a discrete relation describing a population model. Considering periodic carrying capacity and periodic inherent growth rate, a population with seasonal changing life cycle and environment is reflected. The so-called periodically forced Beverton-Holt equation is investigated and its unique periodic solution is derived. This provides the first Cushing-Henson conjecture, while a counterexample proves that the classical second Cushing-Henson conjecture is not satisfied. Modifications of the conjecture are formulated. To extend the studies, the Beverton-Holt equation is investigated in the quantum calculus time setting. The existence of the globally attracting periodic solution of the Beverton-Holt q-difference …

Evaluation Of Candidemia Prevalence And Treatment Cost Comparison In A Community-Based Hospital, Bertha P. Rojas, Claudia Chang, Frances Ordieres Gonzalez

All Publications

Title: Evaluation of candidemia prevalence and treatment cost comparison in a community-based hospital

Purpose: Candidemia is among the most common causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections in U.S. patients. It has been associated with high mortality rates and increased costs of care and duration of hospitalizations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of candidemia in patients with risk factors as per the 2009 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines, to assess the appropriateness of therapy in patients with candidemia, and to compare the cost of fluconazole versus micafungin at initiation of therapy in our institution.

Methods: …

Organizational Leaders’ Experience With Fear-Related Emotions: A Critical Incident Study, Al Barkouli

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study used the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) to better understand how organizational leaders experienced fear-related emotions. Through semi-structured interviews, fifteen executive leaders, mainly chief executive officers (CEOs), shared their experiences in response to threatening, risky, or dangerous incidents. In addition to a phenomenological understanding of the experience, participants illuminated the role that fear-related emotions play in leader decisions, how these emotions influence leader-follower relationships, the impacts of fear-related emotions on leaders’ health and well-being, and the ways leaders managed their experience with fear-related emotions including the role courage played. Leaders often faced threats, risks, or dangers (stimuli) from within …

Global Health Challenges At The Point Of Care: A Review Of Tuberculosis Needs Assessment, Inna Tounkel

Scripps Senior Theses

Tuberculosis is one of the deadliest communicable diseases in the world, and consequently remains one of the biggest global healthcare challenges. Tuberculosis is treatable and curable. However, within many low resource settings, underdeveloped medical infrastructure limits the effectiveness and accuracy of existing diagnostics. These limitations severely impede the timely diagnosis of the disease, and thus contribute to the disease spreading, developing drug resistance, and killing more individuals. There is an urgent need for an inexpensive, portable, rapid, easy-to-use point of care diagnostic that can function outside of the laboratory at the community level. Currently, there is a wide range of …

The Germ Theory Of Dystopias: Fears Of Human Nature In 1984 And Brave New World, Clea D. Harris

Scripps Senior Theses

This project is an exploration of 20^th century dystopian literature through the lens of germ theory. This scientific principle, which emerged in the late 19^th century, asserts that microorganisms pervade the world; these invisible and omnipresent germs cause specific diseases which are often life threatening. Additionally, germ theory states that vaccines and antiseptics can prevent some of these afflictions and that antibiotics can treat others. This concept of a pervasive, invisible, infection-causing other is not just a biological principle, though; in this paper, I argue that one can interpret it as an ideological framework for understanding human existence …

Utilization Of Anc And Pnc Services In Nepal : A Multivariate Analysis Based On Nepal Demographic Health Survey 2001 And 2006, Gehendra Mahara, Collins Asweto, Kai Cao, Ali M. Alzain, Andrea Sebastian, Jill Barr, Xiuhua Guo, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Maternal Mortality is a public health problem in Nepal, which was highest in 1990 among the South Asian countries. Associated factors of maternal mortality are various; among them maternal health sevices such as antenatal (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) services are the main. Methods: A multivariate secondary data analysis out based on Nepal Demographic Health Surveys 2001 and 2006. Logistic regression models was performed to compare the utilization of the ANC and PNC services, with background characteristics of women aged between 15 to 49 years old. Results: A total of 8913 reproductive aged groups (15-49) women were taken f …

Hcv Treatment Rates And Sustained Viral Response Among People Who Inject Drugs In Seven Uk Sites: Real World Results And Modelling Of Treatment Impact, Natasha K. Martin, G. R. Foster, J. Vilar, S. Ryder, M. E. Cramp, F. Gordon, J. F. Dillon, N. Craine, H. Busse, A. Clements, S. J. Hutchinson, A. Ustianowski, M. Ramsay, D. J. Goldberg, W. Irving, V. Hope, Angelis D De, M. Lyons, P. Vickerman, M. Hickman

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Interferon-Λ Rs12979860 Genotype And Liver Fibrosis In Viral And Non-Viral Chronic Liver Disease, Mohammed Eslam, Ahmed M. Hashem, Reynold Leung, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Thomas Berg, Gregory J. Dore, Henry L.K. Chan, William L. Irving, David Sheridan, Maria L. Abate, Leon A. Adams, Alessandra Mangia, Martin Weltman, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Ulrich Spengler, Olfat Shaker, Janett Fischer, Lindsay Mollison, Wendy Cheng, Elizabeth Powell, Jacob Nattermann, Stephen Riordan, Duncan Mcleod, Nicola J. Armstrong, Mark W. Douglas, Christopher Liddle, David R. Booth, Jacob George, Golo Ahlenstiel

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance Conferred By A Chromosomally Encoded Blacmy-23 Gene In The Escherichia Coli St131 Reference Strain Ec958., Minh Duy Phan, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Brian M. Forde, Alvin W. Lo, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Leah W. Roberts, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri

School of Biomedical Sciences

OBJECTIVES: Escherichia coli ST131 is a globally disseminated MDR clone originally identified due to its association with the blaCTX-M-15 gene encoding an ESBL. It is thus assumed that blaCTX-M-15 is the major determinant for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in this clone. The complete sequence of EC958, a reference strain for E. coli ST131, revealed that it contains a chromosomally located blaCMY-23 gene with an upstream ISEcp1 element as well as several additional plasmid-encoded β-lactamase genes. Here, we examined the genetic context of the blaCMY-23 element in EC958 and other E. coli ST131 strains and investigated the contribution of blaCMY-23 to …

Molecular Characterization Of A Multidrug Resistance Incf Plasmid From The Globally Disseminated Escherichia Coli St131 Clone., Minh Duy Phan, Brian M. Forde, Kate M. Peters, Sohinee Sarkar, Steven Hancock, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Zakour Nl Ben, Mathew Upton, Scott A. Beatson, Mark A. Schembri

School of Biomedical Sciences

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (E. coli ST131) is a recently emerged and globally disseminated multidrug resistant clone associated with urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Plasmids represent a major vehicle for the carriage of antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli ST131. In this study, we determined the complete sequence and performed a comprehensive annotation of pEC958, an IncF plasmid from the E. coli ST131 reference strain EC958. Plasmid pEC958 is 135.6 kb in size, harbours two replicons (RepFIA and RepFII) and contains 12 antibiotic resistance genes (including the blaCTX-M-15 gene). We also carried out hyper-saturated transposon mutagenesis and multiplexed transposon …

The Tyrosine Kinase Bcef And The Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase Bced Of Burkholderia Contaminans Are Required For Efficient Invasion And Epithelial Disruption Of A Cystic Fibrosis Lung Epithelial Cell Line, Ana S. Ferreira, Ines N. Silva, Fabio Fernandes, Ruth Pilkington, Máire Callaghan, Siobhán Mcclean, Leonilde M. Moreira

Articles

Bacterial tyrosine kinases and their cognate protein tyrosine phosphatases are best known for regulating the biosynthesis of polysaccharides. Moreover, their roles in the stress response, DNA metabolism, cell division, and virulence have also been documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity and potential mechanisms of virulence dependent on the tyrosine kinase BceF and phosphotyrosine phosphatase BceD of the cystic fibrosis opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia contaminans IST408. The insertion mutants bceD::Tp and bceF::Tp showed similar attenuation of adhesion and invasion of the cystic fibrosis lung epithelial cell line CFBE41o- compared to the parental strain B. contaminans …

The Impact Of A Community-Based Hiv And Sexual Reproductive Health Program On Sexual And Healthcare-Seeking Behaviors Of Female Entertainment Workers In Cambodia, Siyan Yi, Sovannary Tuot, Pheak Chhoun, Carinne M. Brody, Khimuy Tith, Sopheap Oum

Background: In Cambodia, despite great successes in the fight against HIV, challenges remain to eliminating new HIV infections and addressing sexual reproductive health (SRH) issues in key populations including female entertainment workers (FEWs). To address these issues, the Sustainable Action against HIV and AIDS in Communities (SAHACOM) project has been implemented since late 2009 using a community-based approach to integrate HIV and SRH services. This study evaluates the impact of the SAHACOM on sexual and healthcare-seeking behaviors among FEWs in Cambodia.

Methods: A midterm and endpoint comparison design was utilized. Midterm data were collected in early 2012, and …

Investigating The Value Of Workplace-Endorsed Social Media For Improving Deskbound Employee Physical Activity Program Engagement And Reducing Sedentary Behaviour Health Risks, Darren Leigh Webb

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Sedentary (prolonged sitting) behaviour is now recognised as an independent health risk factor contributing to a number of preventable lifestyle related diseases (Katzmarzyk, Church, Craig, & Bouchard, 2009). The widespread integration of computers into the office environment has seen an increase in employee work time participating in technology facilitated desk-based tasks requiring them to remain physically inactive (Philipson & Posner, 2003). According to recent research, workplace sedentary behavioural practices have objectively been measured as accounting for 81.8% of employee time, with a further 15.3% categorised as light activity within office based populations (Parry & Straker, 2013). With a recorded national …

An Appraisal Of Experiences Of Climate Change And Adaptive Response To Heat Stress By Farmers In Rural Ghana, Kwasi Frimpong

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

With the increase in average global temperatures, heat-related illnesses and deaths have unfolded as occupational and health issues. Periods of high to extreme temperatures are becoming more common and are a leading cause of weather-related deaths in many countries. In agricultural settings of African countries, heat stress is a major concern as many smallholder farmers work outdoors with limited access to cooling systems even in their resting and living environments. This study, conducted in the Bawku East part of Northern-East Ghana in 2013, examines, in the context of climate change, the trends and impacts of heat stress on smallholder farmers, …

The Impact Of Law On The Right To Water And Adding Normative Change To The Global Agenda, Michael Ulrich

Faculty Scholarship

A resolution was passed at the United Nations Water Conference in 1977 to achieve universal access to sufficient water by 1990. This bar was lowered significantly as part of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, as the MDGs come to an end this year, even this reduced benchmark will not be reached. Water is inescapably intertwined with every other MDG, as well as the ability to exercise any human right. Consequently, the failure to achieve this goal implores an exploration of its causes. As the global community embarks on setting a new post-MDG agenda, one currently overlooked aspect is the …

Metal And Prestige In The Greater Lower Columbia River Region, Northwestern North America, H. Kory Cooper, Kenneth Ames, Loren G. Davis

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Excavations at the late prehistoric-early historic Chinookan sites of Meier and Cathlapotle in the Greater Lower Columbia Region recovered several hundred metal artifacts. Portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used initially to quickly determine metal type. Then a sample of copper artifacts was subjected to another round of XRF analysis to identify the presence of native copper and, or, chronologically sensitive copper metals. No native copper artifacts were identified and the lack of Muntz metal, a specific type of brass patented in the 1830s, corroborates the dating of material from both sites as no later than the early historic period. Meier …

Study Of Factors Affecting Growth And Development Of Narrow Brown Leaf Spot Of Rice Caused By Cercospora Janseana (Racib.) O. Const., Kirandeep Kaur Mani

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Studies evaluated the effects of planting date, cultivar susceptibility, fungicide application timing, nitrogen management, and tillage practices on the severity of narrow brown leaf spot of rice (NBLS) caused by Cercospora janseana. All factors evaluated affected NBLS severity. The mid-April planted rice had less NBLS as compared to mid-May, late planted rice. Propiconazole fungicide (Tilt) application at panicle initiation or early boot stage was found equally effective in terms of disease reduction in mid-April planting while panicle initiation stage was the best time to apply fungicide in the late planting (mid-May). Early onset and higher severity of NBLS was observed …

Development Of A Three-Dimensional Bioprinter With Inline Light Activation For Bone Tissue Engineering, Colton Alexander Mcelheny

LSU Master's Theses

Bioprinting offers exciting possibilities for tissue engineering related to tissue and organ failure due to trauma, disease, or aging. This is of substantial societal value as the world populace mean age rises. Current needs for tissue and organ repair far exceed availability. A strategy being explored to counter this imbalance is the single step fabrication of cellular constructs. This paper explores various bioprinting techniques and suggests a custom design for a cost-effective, low-maintenance bioprinting platform for academic research. The platform functionality was validated via two-dimensional image transfer and simple three-dimensional geometries.

Development And Characterization Of A Live-Attenuated Vaccine To Combat Equine Herpesvirus Type-1 Infections, Shiliang Anthony Liu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an important ubiquitous enzootic equine pathogen and one of the most common pathogens of the horse, causing, respiratory disease, epidemic abortion, occasionally neurological disease in horses, which leads to significant economic losses to the horse industry. EHV-1 induces several clinical signs of disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory disease to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death and neuropathogenic disorders. Natural EHV-1 infection stimulated short lived protective immunity and had both humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently vaccination remains the best option to prevent EHV-1 infection and different applications of vaccination have been investigated …

Correlation Of Ultrasonographic Small Intestinal Wall Layering With Histology In Normal Dogs, Alexandre Benjamin Le Roux

LSU Master's Theses

Five intestinal layers are commonly described ultrasonographically in dogs. However, current high-frequency endosonography allows the identification of 9 layers in people. The aim of this study was to describe ex vivo small intestinal layering in dogs and correlate ultrasonographic layering with histological layers. Our hypothesis was that, similar to findings in humans, discrepancies exist in thickness and visibility of intestinal layers between histology and ultrasound in dogs. Twelve adult dogs were included in the study. They were euthanized for reasons unrelated to gastrointestinal disease, but extensive medical history was unavailable. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were resected immediately after euthanasia. …

Development Of Satellite-Assisted Forecasting System For Oyster Norovirus Outbreaks, Jiao Wang

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Norovirus outbreaks can cause the closure of oyster harvesting waters and acute gastroenteritis in humans associated with consumption of contaminated raw oysters. The overall goal of this study was to develop a satellite-assisted forecasting system for oyster norovirus outbreaks. The forecasting system is comprised of three components: (1) satellite algorithms for retrieval of environmental variables, including salinity, temperature, and gage height, (2) an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model, called NORF model, for predicting relative risk levels of oyster norovirus outbreaks, and (3) a mapping method for visualizing spatial distributions of norovirus outbreak risks in oyster harvest areas along Louisiana …

The Role Of Fibronectin Binding In Borrelia Burgdorferi Pathogenesis, Brooke, Lentz

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Inbreeding On Endangered Red Wolves (Canis Rufus), Kristin E. Brzeski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Inbreeding depression, the reduction in offspring fitness caused by mating among close relatives, is widespread in small populations and a major concern in conservation biology because it can affect population persistence. The negative effects of inbreeding results in the evolution of inbreeding avoidance behaviors; within small populations, such behaviors may encourage individuals to select mates outside of their respective species. Mate choice may also be facilitated by variation at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, a gene group critical for immune response and disease resistance. Given broad impacts of inbreeding and MHC variation on fitness and behavior, evaluating their effects is …

Winter 2015 Gsbms Alumni Connections, New York Medical College

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

• BioInc@NYMC is Awarded a Mid­Hudson Innovation Hot Spot Award and is Approved for START­UP NY Program
• BioInc@NYMC Welcomes Three New Tenants
• Save the Date for the School of Medicine Alumni Reunion
• NYMC Community Celebrates Alumni House 30th Anniversary
• Alumni Gather in Boca Raton
• College Launches Master of Science in Medical Ethics Program
• Pre­Internship Program Graduates Celebrate at Completion Ceremony
• NYMC Celebrates Dr. Bentivegna’s Longtime Service
• Join Us for the Meet the Doctor Lecture Series
• Dr. Miller Shares His Views On Uncertain Health in an Insecure World
• NYMC Grant News
• Check out the Online NYMC Bookstore