Digital Commons Network^™

Reducing Childhood Obesity In America Through National Legislation, Sailee A. Joshi

UROP Posters

According to the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, the American childhood obesity rate has increased threefold within the past 25 years, a trend accompanied by increasing rates of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and even mortality. Obesity has grown so prevalent, in fact, that Centers for Disease Control estimate that one in three American children is obese. According to the Chan School of Public Health, unless legislation directly targeting America’s spiraling obesity rate is passed, the trend shows no signs of slowing or reversing.

Passing effective legislation requires a both an understanding …

Presbyopic Lasik Using Hybrid Bi-Aspheric Micro-Monovision Ablation Profile For Presbyopic Corneal Treatments, Michiel H.A. Luger, Colm Mcalinden, Philip J. Buckhurst, James S. Wolffsohn, Shwetabh Verma, Mosquera S Arba

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Development And Psychometric Evaluation Of A New Patient -Reported Outcome Measure For Stroke Self -Management: The Southampton Stroke Self - Management Questionnaire (Sssmq), Ej Boger, M Hankins, Sh Demain, Sm Latter

School of Health Professions

No abstract provided.

Wellbeing Of Singapore’S Youths, Kong Weng Ho

Research Collection School Of Economics

Given Singapore’s focus on human capital investment in its residents, the nation’s youths have experienced increases in their financial, educational, and physical wellbeing. However, how have our youths fared in their emotional and mental wellbeing? Figures from the World Values Survey show reported a gradual decline in life satisfaction for both general population and youths. Data from four waves of the National Youth Survey confirms this trend. This chapter explores and examines the non-economic channels that may have countered the positive influence of economic success on the wellbeing of youths, namely, changing family structure, heightened stressors, shifting life goals, time …

Climate Change & The Public Trust Doctrine: An Analysis Of Atmospheric Trust Litigatin, Kassandra Castillo

San Diego Journal of Climate & Energy Law

As Professor Charles Wilkinson explains, “The public trust doctrine is rooted in the precept that some resources are so central to the well-being of the community that they must be protected by distinctive, judge-made principles.” Because a healthy and habitable atmosphere is essential to the survival of the human race, it is imperative that the public trust doctrine be interpreted in a way to include the atmosphere within its scope. Civil litigation is an effective legal mechanism to expand the public trust doctrine’s scope by way of the judiciary. Once a state judiciary can determine the applicability of the public …

Operational Policy Needs For Organic Agriculture Expansion In The Philippines: Focus On Vegetables, Agnes C. Rola, Blanquita R. Pantoja, Agnes R. Chupungco, Miriam R. Nguyen, Jaine C. Reyes, Guinevere T. Madlangbayan, Macrina G. Umali, Susan S. Guiaya, Eldy Z. Martinez, Gerdino G. Badayos

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

In 2010, the Philippines passed a law (Republic Act No. 10068) to support the expansion of organic agriculture (OA) in the country, with a goal of 5 percent of total production area being devoted to this technology. Available data show that in 2012, only about 0.7 percent of the agricultural land area in the country was devoted to OA production. While several other administrative orders supported the law, there seems to be a need to understand the processes to operationalize the said law.

This paper analyzed the production, marketing, and consumption issues surrounding the organic vegetable industry to come up …

Protecting Equine Welfare And International Consumers Of Horse Meat: A Proposal For The Renewal Of Horse Slaughter In The United States, Natalie Anderson

San Diego International Law Journal

This Comment will address how the de facto ban on horse slaughter and the shift in destination of American horses bound for harvesting has had unintended negative consequences for equine welfare and for the safety of international consumers of horse meat. Part II analyzes the role of the horse in American history, and how this has shaped horse slaughter legislation and the international trade of American horse meat. Part III examines regulations and guidelines for the humane transportation, handling, and slaughter of horses in the United States, Canada and Mexico, and demonstrates how poorly-framed legislation, a lack of formal agreements …

A Comparison Of The Jurisprudence Of The Ecj And Efta Court On The Free Movement Of Good In The Eea: Is There An Intolerable Separation Of Article 34 Of The Tfue And Article 11 Of The Eea?, Jarrod Tudor

San Diego International Law Journal

Article 11 of the European Economic Area (“EEA”) and Article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (“TFEU”) prohibit quantitative restrictions on the free movement of goods. The EEA is monitored by the European Free Trade Area Court (“EFTA Court”) and the TFEU is monitored by the European Court of Justice (“ECJ”). In theory, the EFTA Court and the ECJ should interpret Article 11 and Article 34 in the same manner in order to promote harmonization of the law on the free movement of goods and allow for further economic integration between EFTA and the EU. …

Preparing The Periphery For A Subsequent Behavior: Motor Neuronal Activity During Biting Generates Little Force But Prepares A Retractor Muscle To Generate Larger Forces During Swallowing In Aplysia, Hui Lu, Jeffrey M. Mcmanus, Miranda J. Cullins, Hillel J. Chiel

Faculty Scholarship

Some behaviors occur in obligatory sequence, such as reaching before grasping an object. Can the earlier behavior serve to prepare the musculature for the later behavior? If it does, what is the underlying neural mechanism of the preparation? To address this question, we examined two feeding behaviors in the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, one of which must precede the second: biting and swallowing. Biting is an attempt to grasp food. When that attempt is successful, the animal immediately switches to swallowing to ingest food. The main muscle responsible for pulling food into the buccal cavity during swallowing is the I3 …

Proteomics Of Skin Proteins In Psoriasis: From Discovery And Verification In A Mouse Model To Confirmation In Humans, Kathleen C. Lundberg, Yi Fritz, Daniela Schlatzer, Giridharan Gokulrangan, Thomas S. Mccormick, Mark R. Chance, Nicole L. Ward

Faculty Scholarship

Herein, we demonstrate the efficacy of an unbiased proteomics screening approach for studying protein expression changes in the KC-Tie2 psoriasis mouse model, identifying multiple protein expression changes in the mouse and validating these changes in human psoriasis. KC-Tie2 mouse skin samples (n = 3) were compared with litter-mate controls (n = 3) using gel-based fractionation followed by label-free protein expression analysis. 5482 peptides mapping to 1281 proteins were identified and quantitated: 105 proteins exhibited fold-changes ≥2.0 including: stefin A1 (average fold change of 342.4 and an average p = 0.0082; cystatin A, human ortholog); slc25a5 (average fold change of 46.2 …

Hardy Kiwi In The Garden , Tiffany Maughan, Brent Black

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Microbuses And Mobile Homemaking In Exile: Sudanese Visiting Strategies In Cairo, Anita Fábos

Sustainability and Social Justice

Paying home visits to mark social events and maintain networks is an established cultural pattern in Arab countries.Northern Sudanese displaced in Cairo in the 1990s made significant efforts to continue visiting each other in their temporary homes, despite having to travel long distances to members of their widely scattered networks.The deterioration of the legal and political status of Sudanese living in Egypt during the 1990s contributed to longer-term uncertainty for those who sought safety and security in Cairo.In this article, I argue that this long-term uncertainty constitutes a protracted refugee situation, and that Sudanese visiting practices constituted a mobile homemaking …

Direct Writing Of Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide For Optoelectronic And Energy Device Applications, Olatunde Ayodeji Abidakun

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Micro scale patterning of transparent conducting oxide (TCO) offers great promise in producing efficient and low cost devices. Most of the major patterning techniques are either complex, expensive, non-scalable, or involve the use of environmentally unfriendly chemicals. Therefore, patterning of Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) via sol-gel route, combined with direct writing, in particular, nozzle-based robotic deposition, offers a relatively easy and efficient way to selectively deposit complex features in digitally precise locations, at low cost and without excessive use of harmful chemicals. However, the printing process involves the interplay of various parameters, which need to be properly related, in …

Eco-Town: An Integrated Modeling Framework For Simulating The Effects Of Urban Morphology On Sustainable Development, Ali Abutalebpur

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Spatial structure of a city is a key determinant of its socioeconomic well-being and there is a growing interest in models that investigate the relation between spatial structure and sustainable urban development. This dissertation aims to examine the role of urban spatial structure on social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability through developing an integrated modeling framework. In particular, this modeling framework bridges "design of urban built environment" and "sustainable development" at the city-region level through simulation and measuring the effect of changes in urban spatial structure on the stock of various asset forms including natural, human, and physical capital.;The …

Predictive Scenario For Premixed Methane-Air Flame Spreading And Explosion Triggering In A Mining Passage, Sri Hari Ramakrishna Chalagalla

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To reveal the inner mechanism of gas explosion, the entire scenario of premixed flame front evolution within an accidental fire is prescribed, quantitatively, with the situation of a methane-air explosion in a mining passage as the primary application. Specifically, the key stages of flame evolution are scrutinized. First, a globally-spherical expansion of a centrally-ignited, embryonic flame, with a possibility of self-similar acceleration caused by the hydrodynamic (Darrieus-Landau) instability occurs. This stage provides an order of magnitude increase in the flame speed in realistically large mining passages. Second, a transition from a globally-spherical front to a finger-shaped one happens, when a …

Ethical Diversity In Strategic Communications: The Hiring, Training, And Mentoring Of Millennial Minorities, Rashidah C. R. Mccoy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges and opportunities diversity has for Strategic Communications practitioners and scholars. Its primary aim is to more fully understand this growing phenomenon in the industry, without undervaluing its complexity and abundance and to move towards a more inclusive and truly committed investor approach. This study used triangulated research methods to explore these factors. An online survey of people who have experience with Millennial minorities and reverse mentoring in the Strategic Communications industry was conducted. A series of in-depth interviews was conducted with individuals who have unique experiences with cultural diversity. The …

Cross-Boundary Conservation Attributes Of Farmland And Woodland Owners In The Greenbrier River Valley Landscape Of Southeastern West Virginia, Valerie Grant

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Greenbrier River watershed features some of the most productive agriculture and timberlands, critical habitat, and extensive recreational opportunities in the central Appalachian Mountains. Cross-boundary conservation projects could address landscape scale issues such as parallelization and fragmentation in the agricultural, forest, and recreationally productive rural area in southeastern West Virginia. A survey of farmland and woodland owners explored relationships between landowner attributes, land management activities, sense of place, and willingness to participate in cross-boundary conservation efforts. Logistic regression analysis revealed two significant relationships between landowner attributes when considering neighboring properties while making management decisions and interest in conservation easements. These …

Scenario-Based Estimation Model For Methane Emissions In The Heavy-Duty Transportation Sector, Ronald Andrew Mongold

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Natural gas (NG) is a promising alternative fuel to reduce exhaust emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from heavy-duty (HD) vehicles. Past HD NG vehicle research has focused on the fuel consumption and exhaust emission of PM and NOx. Recent global warming concerns have raised interest in methane emissions from NG vehicles. However, there is currently no model available to estimate the methane emissions from HD NG vehicles. There is also a need to project the methane emissions of HD NG vehicles in 2035.;This research developed a scenario based estimation model for methane emissions …

Negative Feedbacks On Bark Beetle Outbreaks: Widespread And Severe Spruce Beetle Infestation Restricts Subsequent Infestation, Sarah J. Hart, Thomas T. Veblen, Nathan Mietkiewicz, Dominik Kulakowski

Geography

Understanding disturbance interactions and their ecological consequences remains a major challenge for research on the response of forests to a changing climate. When, where, and how one disturbance may alter the severity, extent, or occurrence probability of a subsequent disturbance is encapsulated by the concept of linked disturbances. Here, we evaluated 1) how climate and forest habitat variables, including disturbance history, interact to drive 2000s spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) infestation of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) across the Southern Rocky Mountains; and 2) how previous spruce beetle infestation affects subsequent infestation across the Flat Tops Wilderness in northwestern Colorado, which experienced …

Role Of Cellular Senescence And Nox4-Mediated Oxidative Stress In Systemic Sclerosis Pathogenesis., Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of skin and numerous internal organs and a severe fibroproliferative vasculopathy resulting frequently in severe disability and high mortality. Although the etiology of SSc is unknown and the detailed mechanisms responsible for the fibrotic process have not been fully elucidated, one important observation from a large US population study was the demonstration of a late onset of SSc with a peak incidence between 45 and 54 years of age in African-American females and between 65 and 74 years of age in white females. Although it is not appropriate …

Minding The Interpersonal Gap: Mindfulness-Based Interventions In The Prevention Of Ostracism, Alex T. Ramsey, Eric E. Jones

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Ostracism is a ubiquitous phenomenon, occurring across a broad range of social contexts and detrimentally impacting personal outcomes. Through enhanced present-moment attention and awareness, mindfulness-based interventions may help prevent this harmful behavior. The current research examined the role of state mindfulness in reducing the propensity to commit ostracism. This relationship was investigated in two studies: a field-based quasi-experiment (Study 1, n=. 51) and a laboratory-based experiment (Study 2, n=. 100). Both studies supported the utility of brief mindfulness-based interventions in reducing the propensity to ostracize others. The current studies support the relevance of mindfulness in addressing the substantial problem of …

Graywater Systems, Roslynn Brain, Jeremy Lynch, Kelly Kopp

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes graywater. Though not suitable as drinking water, graywater can be used for irrigation particularly of trees and shrubs, whose woody stems serve as additional filters for contaminants that may be present.

Fortifying Farms And Ranches Against Weed Invasion, Utah State University

All Current Publications

The traditional approach to weed management on most farms or ranches is similar to a person running on a treadmill. A treadmill allows a person to run or walk while staying in one place. As the exercise deck cycles around and around, the user exerts energy to maintain the set pace, but never really goes anywhere.

Agricultural producers spend a great deal of resources (time and money) on what can be thought of as a weed management treadmill. The weed treadmill is always in motion. Treadmill speed is controlled by how well or how poorly the weeds were managed in …

Book Note: Preventive Justice, By Andrew Ashworth & Lucia Zedner, Madeline Boyce

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Instead Of Suspension: Alternative Strategies For Effective School Discipline, Jenni Owen, Jane Wettach, Katie Claire Hoffman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Decriminalizing Delinquency: The Effect Of Raising The Age Of Majority On Juvenile Recidivism, Charles E. Loeffler, Ben Grunwald

Faculty Scholarship

In the last decade, a number of states have expanded the jurisdiction of their juvenile courts by increasing the maximum age to 18. Proponents argue that these expansions reduce crime by increasing access to the beneficial features of the juvenile justice system. Critics counter that the expansions risk increasing crime by reducing deterrence. In 2010, Illinois raised the maximum age for juvenile court for offenders who commit a misdemeanor. By examining the effect of this law on juvenile offenders in Chicago, this paper provides the first empirical estimates of the consequences of recent legislative activity to raise the age of …

A Descriptive Study Of Ncaa Life Skills Programs In The Big Ten Conference, Marc Joseph Williams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of this study were: (1) To determine if Life Skills Programs exist in all of the 14 Big Ten Schools, (2) To determine if the NCAA Division I-A Life Skills Commitment Statements were utilized at all the Big Ten Schools and (3) To determine how Big Ten administrators perceived Life Skills Programs are across all 14 Big Ten Universities.;It was anticipated that all Big Ten colleges had a Challenging Athletes' Minds for Personal Success Life Skills Program on their campus. All Big Ten Life Skills administrators perceived their programs to be effective.;A written questionnaire based on the literature …

Assessing Pesticide Risks To Threatened And Endangered Species Using Population Models: Findings And Recommendations From A Croplife America Science Forum, V. E. Forbes, R. Brain, D. Edwards, N. Galic, T. Hall, J. Honegger, C. Meyer, D.R.J. Moore, D. Nacci, R. Pastorok, T. G. Preuss, S. F. Railsback, C. Salice, R. M. Sibly, B. Tenhumberg, P. Thorbek, M. Wang

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

This brief communication reports on the main findings and recommendations from the 2014 Science Forum organized by CropLife America. The aim of the forum was to gain a better understanding of the current status of population models and how they could be used in ecological risk assessments for threatened and endangered species potentially exposed to pesticides in the United States. The forum panelists' recommendations are intended to assist the relevant government agencies with implementation of population modeling in future endangered species risk assessments for pesticides. The forum included keynote presentations that provided an overview of current practices, highlighted the findings …

How Do Grateful People Cope?: Exploring The Mechanism Of Positive Reappraisal, Debra Elise Hutchison

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

"After one has experienced a trauma, an important aspect of recovery is posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic growth helps people move past negative life events with good mental health. Research has indicated a relationship between post-traumatic growth and gratitude. However, there has been little investigation into the links between gratitude and post-traumatic growth. The current study asked participants to write about three different types of negative life events. These writing samples were then coded for the use of positive reappraisal. In addition to the writing samples, participants were asked to complete questionnaires assessing their gratitude, coping style and satisfaction with life. Results …

A New Measure Of Math Shame And A Synthesized Theory Of Math Anxiety, Leah M. Parker

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Research on math anxiety has historically explored cognitive and emotional factors independently. This study attempted to connect these areas of research through the lens of math shame. While discussing a more integrated approach to understanding mathematics anxiety, this research explored math anxiety through a formal validation of the newly developed Math Shame Scale (MSS). Data were collected from 489 volunteers at a regional university in the inland northwestern United States. Online questionnaires completed by the participants were used to assess the validity and reliability of the MSS. The results supported the reliability and validity of two separate scales ofthe MSS, …