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Environmental Effects On Fish Escape Responses: Impact Of Flow On The Escape Performance Of The Hawaiian Stream Goby, Sicyopterus Stimpsoni, Kelly Diamond

All Theses

The ability of fish to escape from predators is a critical behavior for their survival. Experimental measurements of escape performance in fishes have typically been based on trials conducted in still water; however, such environmental conditions are rare in nature due to waves and currents that expose fishes to unsteady and/or directional flow. I examined the effects of water flow and predator attack direction on the escape behavior of fish, using juveniles of the amphidromous Hawaiian goby Sicyopterus stimpsoni as a model system. In nature, these fish must escape ambush predation by the Hawaiian sleeper, Eleotris sandwicensis, while exposed …

Gender And Climate Change In The Indian Himalayas: Global Threats, Local Vulnerabilities, And Livelihood Diversification At The Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Monica V. Ogra, Ruchi Badola

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Global climate change has numerous implications for members of mountain communities who feel the impacts in both physical and social dimensions. In the western Himalayas of India, a majority of residents maintain a livelihood strategy that includes a combination of subsistence or small-scale agriculture, livestock rearing, seasonal or long-term migration, and localized natural resource extraction. While warming temperatures, irregular patterns of precipitation and snowmelt, and changing biological systems present challenges to the viability of these traditional livelihood portfolios in general, we find that climate change is also undermining local communities’ livelihood assets in gender-specific ways. In this paper, we present …

Great Book August 1, 2015, Ncsa

NCSA Materials

No abstract provided.

Sustaining The Saco Estuary: Final Report 2015, Christine B. Feurt Ph D, Pamela A. Morgan, Mark D. O. Adams, Anna L. Bass, Carrie J. Byron, Michael C. Daley, Michael O. Esty, Noah G. Perlut, Kayla Smith, Tyler Spillane, Michelle M. Steen-Adams, James Sulikowski, Stephan I. Zeeman, Jacob Aman, Michele Dionne, Jeremy Miller, Kristin Wilson

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

This study focuses on the Saco estuary, the tidal portion of the Saco River, which drains the largest watershed in southern Maine. With headwaters in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, the watershed encompasses more than 4,400 km², and provides clean healthy drinking water to over 100,000 people living and working in communities in southern Maine.

When the study began in 2009, very little was known about the ecology of the Saco estuary. Researchers at the University of New England and the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve employed the process of collaborative learning to bring together people who …

Tradeoffs Of Warm Adaptation In Aquatic Ectotherms : Live Fast, Die Young?, A. Porreca, E. Martinez, R. Colombo, Michael Menze

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

In the face of a changing climate, questions regarding sub-lethal effects of elevated habitat temperature on the physiology of ectotherms remain unanswered. In particular, long-term responses of ectotherms to the warming trend in tropical regions are unknown and significantly understudied due primarily to the difficulties in specimen and community traceability. In freshwater lakes employed as cooling reservoirs for power plants, increased physiological stress from high water temperature can lead to an increase in mortality, reduce growth, and potentially alter the community structure of fishes. Throughout this study, we employ this highly tractable system to assess how elevated thermal regimes can …

Educators’ Perspectives Associated With School Garden Programs In Clark County, Nevada: Practices, Resources, Benefits And Barriers., Tomomi Murakami

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

School garden programs have been utilized in the U.S. since their introduction at the end of the 19th century. The use of school gardens and the teaching style implemented in them are dependent on individual schools and teachers. Educators’ attitudes, knowledge, and motivation for a school-based gardening program are crucial to implementing comprehensive school garden programs. To move toward an expansion of garden education, it is necessary to determine the concerns, resources, benefits or barriers that educators identify regarding the utilization of gardens to teach their students. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine principals’ and teachers’ perceived …

Scrap Tire And Water Treatment Residual As Novel "Green" Sorbents For Removal Of Common Metals From Polluted Storm Water Runoff, Ciapha Nade Morris

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Although urbanization brings numerous benefits in our history, it has caused many environmental issues such as polluted urban runoff. A variety of pollutants at high concentrations, such as heavy metals, are present in urban runoff. Given that the polluted runoff is finally discharged into receiving waters and leads to non-point pollution in urbanized areas, appropriate management and treatment of the polluted urban stormwater is highly needed. However, current available best management practices (BMPs) are, to different degrees, restricted by their respective limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent demand in development of innovative, effective, and low-cost treatment methods for heavy metals …

Biogeochemical Studies Of Metal Uptake And Transportation In Plants On An Urban Brownfield, Yu Qian

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Soil metal contamination has been a concern due to the potential ecological and human health risks. In order to assist with the management and sustainable restoration of vegetated metal contaminated land, this dissertation targets at understanding the biogeochemical processes that control the assimilation of metals by plants on urban costal brownfield soils. The dissertation includes: i) micro-scale measurement of metal spatial distribution and speciation using synchrotron techniques to investigate the mechanism of metal uptake and translocation in roots based on the association between metal localizations in plant roots, ii) study on the biogeochemical factors that control plant metal assimilation efficiency …

Changes In Tall Shrub Abundance On The North Slope Of Alaska, 2000-2010, Rocio Raquel Duchesne-Onoro

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The observed greening of Arctic vegetation and the expansion of shrubs in the last few decades has likely had profound implications for the tundra ecosystem, including feedbacks to climate. Uncertainty surrounding the magnitude, direction, and implications of this vegetation shift calls for monitoring of vegetation structural parameters, such as fractional cover of shrubs. Due to the extent of the North Slope of Alaska and its extreme environments, remote sensing may be the most suitable tool to produce wall-to-wall fractional shrub cover maps for the entire region, however, most regional maps have relied on vegetation indices or needed many years worth …

Fisher-Wirth Chosen As Fellow Of Black Earth Institute, Christina Steube

University of Mississippi News

No abstract provided.

Exploring Differences Among Illegal Activities In The Ugalla Game Reserve Of Western Tanzania, Paulo Wilfred

Tanzania Journal of Science

Conservation efforts in Tanzania rarely assess the extent to which different resource user activities are related. This study aimed to explore the differences among various illegal activities occurring in Ugalla Game Reserve, western Tanzania. The study used a combination of ranger–collected data, from 2003 to 2010, and foot surveys of illegal activity signs in the reserve. Illegal activity signs were recorded for five different types of offence: illegal fishing, bushmeat hunting, illegal logging, other activity (any sign that indicated any other type of unauthorised user presence) and honey gathering. The most frequent activity was logging (602 signs; 58% of offenders …

Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Wetland Change In Port Harcourt Metropolis, Olatunde Sunday Eludoyin, Olalekan Akinola

Tanzania Journal of Science

The study assessed changes of wetland in Port Harcourt Metropolis using geo-information techniques between 1984 and 2015. Landsat images of 1984, 2000 and 2015 of 30m x 30m resolution were used. Supervised classification was used for image classification using Maximum Likelihood Algorithm in Erdas Imagine 9.1 whereby five major landuse classes were identified namely thick vegetation, built up area, farmland/sparse vegetation, wetlands and waterbodies. Areas in squared kilometers of each landuse were calculated in ArcGIS 9.3 and simple arithmetic was used to compute the percentage change. Probability of landuse change in the next 10, 20 and 30 years was determined …

Attracting Songbirds With Conspecific Playback: A Community Approach, Leanna N. Dejong, Samuel D. Cowell, Thuy Nhi Nguyen, Darren S. Proppe

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The presence of conspecifics is an indicator of good habitat for a number of songbird species; a cue positively associated with territory selection. Thus, conspecific playback may be a cost-effective tool for attracting songbirds to particular, preselected sites of high-quality habitat. Previous studies have used conspecific playback to encourage the establishment of a single species; however, few have researched the potential for the simultaneous attraction of multiple species. Furthermore, empirical studies on the effect of song playback for nonfocal species are sparse. We investigated whether 6 migratory songbird species are more likely to establish nesting territories in response to multispecies …

Good Samaritan Laws - The Legal Placebo: A Current Analysis, Eric A. Brandt

Akron Law Review

This article will attempt to clear up some of the confusion that exists regarding Good Samaritan laws. Much of the information and the format used herein, are based upon a fine article published in 1981 in the South Texas Law Journal by Frank B. Mapel, III, and Charles J. Weigel, entitled: Good Samaritan Laws - Who Needs Them?: The Current State of Good Samaritan Protection in the United States. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide an update of their listing and analysis of Good Samaritan statutes. The virtues of Good Samaritan laws and their probable placebo …

Sendai Framework For Disaster Risk Reduction – Success Or Warning Sign For Paris?, Jaroslav Mysiak, Swenja Surminski, Annegret Thieken, Reinhard Mechler, Jeroen Aerts

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

In March 2015, a new international blueprint for disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been adopted in Sendai, Japan, at the end of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR, March 14-18, 2015). We review and discuss the agreed commitments and targets, as well as the negotiation leading the Sendai Framework for DRR (SFDRR) and discuss briefly its implication for the later UN-led negotiations on sustainable development goals and climate change.

Using Toolkit Activities To Reduce Household Food Waste, Nancy Lo

School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Theses and Dissertations

Food waste is a significant problem with environmental, economic, social and ethical consequences. Wasting food wastes energy, water, fuel, and land that go into producing, packaging, and transporting food. Additionally, the agriculture-related release of pesticides and greenhouse gases into the air, soil and water makes wasting food an environmental hazard. As much as 40 percent of U.S. food produced for human consumption, which is more than 20 pounds per person per month valued at $165 billion annually, goes uneaten. Worldwide, onethird of food is wasted while the population continues to grow. There are many reasons why Americans throw away food …

Urban Foraging Social Meetups In Philadelphia, Pa, Kristin G. Mcgillis

Environment and Sustainability Summer Fellows

Urban foraging is the practice in which city residents gather plants and plant parts from green spaces—such as parks, sidewalks, or yards—to use for a variety of reasons. Research on the practice is in its early stages, with key questions in need of further research, including who participates, why they participate, and how they initially engage the practice. Existing research suggests most foragers consume what they gather for food, however, many also use materials for medicinal or craft-related purposes. Foraging meet-up tours appear to be a popular way for urban dwellers to learn about and engage in this practice. This …

Clint Williford Says Goodbye To Faculty Life, Edwin Smith

University of Mississippi News

After 33 years, chair and professor of chemical engineering retiring

Stromatolite Provinces Of Hamelin Pool, Western Australia, Erica Parke Suosaari

Open Access Dissertations

Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay, Western Australia, is home to the most extensive living stromatolite system in the world, providing an analog for Precambrian fossils that dominated the planet for over 80% of Earth’s history. Due to the remote location and restricted access of Hamelin Pool, which is a marine reserve within a World Heritage area, previous geospatial, microstructural and environmental studies in this area are limited in scope. Existing ground truth data comes mainly from the two iconic stromatolite locations located on the western margin (Flagpole Landing and Carbla Point). Additionally, many studies are out of date with current technology …

The Schoolyard As An Outdoor Classroom: Learning Through Experience, Jason W. Spray

Dissertations

When teaching ecology concepts, teachers often overlook utilizing the schoolyard as an outdoor classroom. This study examined the use of the schoolyard to teach ecology concepts in order to improve environmental knowledge and attitudes among fifth grade African-American students. The “Nature Unleashed” curriculum was the primary source for the lessons. This curriculum encompasses experiential learning and place-based education. The curriculum, taught over a six-week period, utilized hands-on activities inside and outside of the classroom. There were 248 fifth grade African-American students (N = 248) who participated in the research study. Students responded to a pre- and post-assessment to measure knowledge …

The Carbon Rush: The Truth Behind The Carbon Market Smokescreen Edited By Amy Miller, Michael Classens

The Goose

Michael Classens reviews The Carbon Rush: The Truth Behind the Carbon Market Smokescreen, edited by Amy Miller.

Interpretation Of Complexometric Titration Data: An Intercomparison Of Methods For Estimating Models Of Trace Metal Complexation By Natural Organic Ligands, Ivanka Pižeta, Sylvia Sander, Robert Hudson, Dario Omanović, Oliver Baars, Katherine Barbeau, Kristen N. Buck, Randelle Bundy, Gonzalo Carrasco, Peter Croot, Cédric Garnier, Louise Gerringa, Martha Gledhill, Katsumi Hirose, Yoshiko Kondo, Luis Laglera, Jochen Nuester, Micha Rijkenberg, Shigenobu Takeda, Benjamin Twining, Mona C. Wells Mona C. Wells

Marine Science Faculty Publications

With the common goal of more accurately and consistently quantifying ambient concentrations of free metal ions and natural organic ligands in aquatic ecosystems, researchers from 15 laboratories that routinely analyze trace metal speciation participated in an intercomparison of statistical methods used to model their most common type of experimental dataset, the complexometric titration. All were asked to apply statistical techniques that they were familiar with to model synthetic titration data that are typical of those obtained by applying state-of-the-art electrochemical methods – anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and competitive ligand equilibration-adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (CLE-ACSV) – to the analysis of natural …

Understory Tree Composition, Diversity And Natural Regeneration Status Of Uluguru Forests In Morogoro- Tanzania, David S. Kacholi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Most of the studies on tropical forests vegetation have tended to focus on trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) greater or equal to 10cm, and limited attention has been paid to understory. This study was conducted in Uluguru forests in Morogoro region, Tanzania, with an objective of describing the understory tree composition, diversity and natural regeneration of some threatened species in the seven surveyed forests. Sampling was done in the forests whereby classification of understory was done into three layers: seedling (individuals with height < 1m), small sapling (DBH ≤ 3 cm), and large sapling (3 < DBH < 10 cm) layers. Large saplings were sampled in 20m × 20m plots, while subplots of 5m ×5m and 2m ×2m were placed at the centre of each plot for sampling small saplings and seedlings, respectively. A total of 2119 seedlings, 1798 small saplings, and 2585 large saplings belonging 91, 102, and 104 species, respectively, were recorded. Fabaceae was the most speciosefamily in all the studied compartments, and had higher familial importance value (FIV). The seedling layer had higher tree density than the large and small sapling layers, but the large and small sapling layers were more diverse than the seedling layer (p < 0.05).The species richness in each forest was significantly higher in the understory than overstory layer (p < 0.034); and the pairing was strongly positively correlated (r = 096, p = 0.0003). The Sørensen coefficients of similarities between understory and overstory ranged between 0.53–0.77, and were higher within each forest than among them. All forests revealed to have good regeneration, though it is important to understand that some species unveiled poor or hampered regeneration pattern.In summary, the understory was observed to be speciose than overstory layer; it was dominated by family Fabaceae, and the natural regeneration of the forests were good, however, some species need due attention.

Entire Issue Volume 21, Number 2

The Primary Source

Complete issue of Vol. 21, No. 2 of The Primary Source.

Timber Related Source Materials About Mississippi's Piney Woods: An Archival Survey Of The Mccain Library And Archives At The University Of Southern Mississippi, Reagan Grimsley

The Primary Source

Few natural resources impacted the lives of Mississippians to the degree which timber has. In particular, the southeastern and south central regions of the state received the label "piney woods" because the dominant features of the region consisted of longleaf, shortleaf, loblolly, and slash pines. Early Mississippians might have labeled other regions of the state according to the soil content, but the towering conifers which proliferated from the Gulf Coast northward to Jackson, and westward to near Natchez, seemed the main economic resource by which to label the area. The purpose of this article is to detail briefly why timber …

Mcallister Streetscape Greening 2015, David Seward

Long Range Campus Planning Archive

No abstract provided.

Media

Colby Magazine

Terry Winters: Prints: 1999-2014, by Elizabeth Finch (Colby College Museum of Art) and Michael Semff

French Colonial Soldiers in German Captivity during World War II, by Raffael Scheck (History)

Photography, History, Difference, by Tanya Sheehan (Art)

Photography and Its Origins, edited by Tanya Sheehan (Art) and Andrés Mario Zervigón

Marine Historical Ecology in Conservation, by Loren McClenachan (Environmental Studies)

Montaigne, écrivain de la conciliation, by Valérie M. Dionne (French)

Haunted (The Arnaud Legacy), by Erika Mailman '91

Lean on Jesus: Christian Women in the Workplace, by Susie Yovic Hoeller '73

Find Your Voice: A Woman's Call to Action, by Tabby …

Shorter Takes (Short Form)

Colby Magazine

Students Reflect On Six Professors Newly Tenured

New to Colby, Not to Success

At the Head of the Class

Colby could soon be the first college in NESCAC to have synthetic turf fields for baseball and softball.

It's a Plan- for Performing Arts and Athletics

Robert Redford to Speak at 194th Commencement

New York Times Quote of the Day: "I see this as a call for action to close the gap between conservation on land and in the sea."

How do you get to Carnegie Hall? Through Mayflower Hill and the Colby College Chamber Choir

Big Ideas for Waterville

New …

Full Issue

Colby Magazine

Colby Magazine vol. 104, no. 1 (Spring 2014): full issue

Trust In Scientists On Climate Change And Vaccines, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Joel N. Hartter, Kei Saito

Sociology

On climate change and other topics, conservatives have taken positions at odds with a strong scientific consensus. Claims that this indicates a broad conservative distrust of science have been countered by assertions that while conservatives might oppose the scientific consensus on climate change or evolution, liberals oppose scientists on some other domains such as vaccines. Evidence for disproportionately liberal bias against science on vaccines has been largely anecdotal, however. Here, we test this proposition of opposite biases using 2014 survey data from Oregon and New Hampshire. Across vaccine as well as climate change questions on each of these two surveys, …