Digital Commons Network^™

Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction In Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography In A National Veterans Health Administration Cohort With External Validation, Jeremiah R. Brown, Todd A. Mackenzie, Thomas M. Maddox, James Fly, Thomas T. Tsai, Mary E. Plomondon, Christopher D. Nielson, Edward D. Siew, Frederic S. Resnic, Clifton R. Baker, John S. Rumsfeld, Michael E. Matheny

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background:

Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently after cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention. Although a clinical risk model exists for percutaneous coronary intervention, no models exist for both procedures, nor do existing models account for risk factors prior to the index admission. We aimed to develop such a model for use in prospective automated surveillance programs in the Veterans Health Administration.

Methods and Results:

We collected data on all patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention in the Veterans Health Administration from January 01, 2009 to September 30, 2013, excluding patients with chronic dialysis, end‐stage renal disease, renal …

Methods And Data For Developing Coordinated Population Forecasts, Portland State University. Population Research Center

Publications, Reports and Presentations

This document is to accompany the coordinated population forecasts and their corresponding reports prepared by the Population Research Center (PRC).

Developing long-term coordinated population forecasts for a county and its sub-areas (UGBs and areas outside UGBs are referred to sub-areas in this document), requires these main stages: 1) compiling and evaluating historical and recent data to ascertain demographic characteristics and trends in the study area and to obtain a population base from which the forecasts may be launched; 2) making assumptions about the future and adjusting the data or rates in the forecasting models (calibrating the models) to incorporate predicted …

Characteristics Of Health Parameters And The Digital Cushion In Horses, Mattia Ann Gunkelman

Animal Sciences

Studies examining lameness conditions and health concerns for horse owners are important for education and future research. To investigate this, a survey and two studies were conducted. For the survey, a total of 152 responses were collected. Horse owners ranked lameness as the top concern (35%), followed by colic (21%). Lameness issues were ranked as the top (37%) veterinary expense. To validate a non-invasive ultrasound technique for imaging the digital cushion, ten cadaver limbs were evaluated. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.73; p = 0.02) between ultrasound and actual measurement. To establish baseline values, 25 mature, stock-type horses …

Role Of Lipotropic (Methyl) Nutrients On Mammary Development And Carcinogenesis In Female Rat Offspring, Kwang Bog Cho

Animal Sciences

Lipotropes (methionine, choline, folate, and vitamin B12) play a key role in one-carbon metabolism. We hypothesized that maternal methyl (lipotropic) nutrients would induce epigenetic modification that influences mammary development and carcinogenesis from dam to offspring (F1 & F2). Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either control or lipotropes diet until parturition. Global DNA methylation significantly increased in the lipotropes group of both generations. Histone deacetylase 1 (Hdac1) increased in F2 in mammary tissues. In the F2 mammary tumor tissues, tumor incidence, and multiplicity were lowered by maternal methyl nutrients. Latency period was longer and tumor volumes decreased in the lipotropes group. …

Bioavailability And Biodegradability Of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Originated From Municipal And Animal Wastewater, Jingyi Sun

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Due to the increased concern on dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in surface waters, it is necessary to understand the biodegradability and bioavailability of DON in point and non-point sources. In this study, algae and bacteria were applied under lab condition to undestand the impact of DON to water environment. Biodegradable DON (BDON) was determined using bacteria while bioavailable DON (ABDON) was determined using green algae Selenastrum capricornutum, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and Chlorella vulgaris and/or mixed culture bacteria in municipal and animal wastewaters. In both wastewater sources, ABDON efficiencies (%) for all three algae were not significantly different indicating that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii …

Idaho Teacher’S Attitudes About Child Abuse And/Or Neglect: Trends And Implications Of Reporting, Leah Meredith Huff

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

This mixed-methods study investigated problems impeding teachers and, in particular, Idaho elementary teachers in fulfilling their responsibility to report child abuse and neglect (CAN) as mandated by law. Teachers were asked about their desires to know more about child protective services (CPS) and its court process. Quantitative data was gathered from a sample of 25 teachers using an adapted version of Teachers and Child Abuse Questionnaire (ECAQ). Qualitative data was obtained from teacher interviews. Both sets of data were analyzed separately and compared providing triangulation. Teachers reported uncertainty about education adequacy pertaining to CAN. Teachers wanted to know more about …

Arginine Supplementation Strategies During Gestation: Impacts On Dams And Offspring, Jena Lee Bjertness

Animal Sciences

We hypothesize rumen-protected arginine supplementation during gestation will mitigate deleterious offspring effects caused by undernutrition. Experiment 1: non-pregnant ewes were supplemented with rumen-protected arginine at varying doses to assess effects on circulating amino acids and carotid hemodynamics. Arginine concentrations post-supplementation were greater in ewes supplemented with 180 vs. 90 mg/kg BW, and vascular resistance indices were lesser with 180 mg/kg BW; therefore, 180 mg/kg BW was used in experiment 2. Experiment 2: nutrient-restricted pregnant ewes were supplemented with rumen-protected arginine and maternal and offspring growth and physiological responses were measured. Arginine supplementation to nutrient restricted ewes improved offspring development compared …

The Jekyll And Hyde Of First Amendment Limits On The Regulation Of Judicial Campaign Speech, Gardner C. Geyh

Vanderbilt Law Review

No abstract provided.

Community-Based Participatory Research With Communities Defined By Race, Ethnicity, And Disability: Translating Theory To Practice, Christina Nicolaidis, Dora Raymaker

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an increasingly popular participatory research approach where community members and academics collaborate as equal partners to conduct research for improving health and wellbeing through action (Isreal et al., 2003; Wallerstein and Duran, 2003). It is a branch of action research in the tradition of emancipatory practice. CBPR grew within the health sciences in the 1990s in response to a number of issues with mainstream health science research and minority communities …

Connecting Curriculum To Community Research: Professional Services, Research, And Teaching, W. Barry Messer, Peter J. Collier

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Portland State University’s Community Environmental Services (CES) has helped shape the Portland metropolitan region’s sustainable materials management practices for more than twenty-five years. CES’s research and program development services have benefited community partners that in turn have provided hundreds of students with rich educational experiences. PSU faculty members also advance their pedagogical and research agendas through the development of CES-affiliated capstone courses. This article explores the CES co-production model from the perspectives of students, faculty members, and community partners.

Workshop Synthesis: Sampling Issues, Data Quality & Data Protection, Jimmy Armoogum, Jennifer Dill

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This workshop discussed various aspect of the mathematical part of survey methodology, as well as archiving and confidentiality issues aimed at improving data quality and its use through time. Participants identified ways to correct or minimize bias by dealing with incomplete sampling frames, using weighing and imputing procedures. We discussed methods to archive and share GPS-based survey data to preserve anonymity. Finally, we debated research needs on these topics for the next following years.

Retail Rent With Respect To Distance From Light Rail Transit Stations In Dallas And Denver, Arthur C. Nelson, Dejan Eskic, Joanna P. Ganning, Shima Hamidi, Susan J. Petheram, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

A growing body of recent research is challenging the assumptions underlying the half-mile-circle in planning for development around transit stations. In this article we review this literature and extend it to include retail land uses. We estimate the rent premium conferred on retail properties in metropolitan Dallas and metropolitan Denver, both of which have extensive light rail transit systems. We find that consistent with half-mile-circle assumptions, retail rent premiums extend only to about 0.30 mile from transit stations with half the premium dissipating after a few hundred feet and three quarters within the first 0.10 mile. We offer implications for …

Comparing Two Common Approaches To Public Transit Service Equity Evaluation, Alex Karner, Aaron Golub

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Understanding the equity effects of transit service changes requires good information about the demographics of transit ridership. Both on-board survey data and census data can be used to estimate equity effects, though there is no clear reason these two sources will result in the same finding of impact. Guidance from the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) recommends using either of these data sources to estimate equity impacts. This article makes a direct comparison of the two methods for the public transit system in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. The results indicate that, although both sources are acceptable for FTA compliance, the …

Online Community-Based Learning As The Practice Of Freedom: The Online Capstone Experience At Portland State University, Deborah Smith Arthur, Zapoura Newton-Calvert

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Given the design of Portland State University’s (PSU) undergraduate curriculum culminating in a capstone experience, the dramatic growth in online courses and online enrollments required a re-thinking of the capstone model to ensure all students could participate in this effective learning model and have a powerful learning experience. In recent years, a number of capstone courses have been developed that are offered fully online. This article examines PSU’s development of and institutional support for community-based learning (CBL) capstone courses in a fully online format. Emerging best practices and lessons learned may be useful for other institutions seeking to integrate experiential …

Sustaining Change: Successes, Challenges, And Lessons Learned From Twenty Years Of Empowering Students Through Community-Based Learning Capstones, Seanna M. Kerrigan

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

More than four thousand students engage in the community-based learning capstone program every year by enrolling in one of 240 senior-level courses that culminate their undergraduate education. In this article, the author shares the context and history of the program, its foundational principles and processes, and the nuts-and-bolts details of the ongoing operation of the largest community-based learning capstone program in the United States.

Mind And Life: Is The Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception Of Nature False?, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

A partial review of Thomas Nagel's book, Mind and Cosmos: Why the Materialist NeoDarwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False is used to articulate some systems-theoretic ideas about the challenge of understanding subjective experience. The article accepts Nagel' s view that reductionist materialism fails as an approach to this challenge, but argues that seeking an explanation of mind based on emergence is more plausible than one based on panpsychism, which Nagel favors. However, the article proposes something similar to Nagel's neutral monism by positing a hierarchy of information processes that span the domains of matter, life, and mind. As …

Gaining Policy Insight With A System Dynamics Model Of Pain Medicine Prescribing, Diversion And Abuse, Wayne Wakeland, Alexandra E. Nielsen, Teresa D. Schmidt

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Misuse of pain medicine is a leading cause of accidental deaths in the USA—over 15,000 deaths annually. A system dynamics model was developed and used to study the impact of three types of policy interventions to reduce adverse outcomes. Besides medical usage, the model also includes the diversion of pain medicines and their nonmedical use. Model behavior compared favourably with historical data at multiple points in the system. A prescription drug monitoring program intervention reduced nonmedical overdoses through supply restriction, and an intervention to reduce popularity of nonmedical usage reduced nonmedical overdoses by curtailing demand. A tamper-resistant drug formulation intervention …

Annual Faculty Senate Minutes October 2015 - June 2016, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Annual Compilations of the Faculty Senate Minutes (Minutes Only)

Minutes of the Faculty Senate for October 2015 to June 2016.

Integrating Information Literacy, The Pogil Method, And Ipads Into A Foundational Studies Program, Carrie Moore, Jennifer Black, Barbara C. Glackin, Margie Ruppel, Elaine Watson

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

This article provides an overview of the design, implementation, revision and informal assessment of an information literacy curriculum embedded in a new University Foundations (UF) program at a mid‐sized public university. The library information literacy sessions incorporated teambased learning and Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) elements using iPads. Each session provided students an opportunity to develop and apply information literacy skills, and included critical thinking questions which led students to think about underlying concepts. A focus group with the librarians assessed the UF library curriculum, its impact on student engagement, and the training activities for librarian teaching preparation.

Psychometric Evaluation Of Lexical Diversity Indices: Assessing Length Effects, Gerasimos Fergadiotis, Heather Harris Wright, Samuel B. Green

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose—Several novel techniques have been developed recently to assess the breadth of speaker’s vocabulary exhibited in a language sample. The specific aim of this study was to increase our understanding of the validity of the scores generated by different lexical diversity (LD) estimation techniques. Four techniques were explored: D, Maas, Measure of Textual Lexical Diversity (MTLD), and the Moving Average Type Token Ratio (MATTR).

Method—Four LD indices were estimated for language samples on four discourse tasks (procedures, eventcasts, story retell, and recounts) from 442 neurologically intact adults. The resulting data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results—The scores on the …

Landscapes Of Human Experience, Martin Seel

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Landscapes of Human Experience, PDF download. This essay begins with some observations concerning the interaction between nature and art. Relying on these reflections, in the second part experience of landscape will be interpreted as a model for the human stance within the natural as well as the historical world. In the third part some consequences for an ethics and politics of saving the conditions for individual as well as social well-being will be drawn.

The Aesthetic Pulse Of The Everyday: Defending Dewey, Kalle Puolakka

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In the relatively fragmented field of everyday aesthetics, some issues have gradually become the subject of increasingly heated debate. One of the primary disputes concerns aesthetic experience and how that concept should be understood. This article defends the view that the conception of aesthetic experience developed by John Dewey offers a much more promising foundation for a theory on the aesthetics of everyday life than some scholars have believed.

The Cacaio Project: Education For Environmental, Aesthetic And Moral Development, Atila T. Calvente

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Economic inequalities, institutional awkwardness, cultural underdevelopment, social exclusion, a fast rate of environmental, ecological, and biodiversity degradation have all been at the root of historic social injustice and structural poverty in Brazil for centuries. Human development and emancipation in this context should be approached as a set of non-formal educational practices to promote better learning and dignity. These would become potent means for reducing material poverty and selfish individual behavior, and for improving holistic modes of education and culture. Non-traditional educational practices can have an important influence in state-run schools, as well as in private schools, by enhancing resilience and …

What Is Temporal Art? A Persistent Question Revisited, John Powell

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This article examines the fourteen conditions constituting Levinson and Alperson’s taxonomy of conditions for temporal arts. It claims that some of the conditions and several of the lists of arts exemplifying them need revision. It recommends adding a new condition concerned with the effects of the passage of time on gardens, environmental sculpture, and outdoor installations. The article concludes that gardens may be a model for understanding and appreciating other arts sharing the same bi-(multi-) modality.

Epistemic Function And Ontology Of Analog And Digital Images, Aleksandra Lukaszewicz Alcarez

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

The important epistemic function of photographic images is their active role in construction and reconstruction of our beliefs concerning the world and human identity, since we often consider photographs as presenting reality or even the Real itself. Because photography can convince people of how different social and ethnic groups and even they themselves look, documentary projects and the dissemination of photographic practices supported the transition from disciplinary society to the present-day society of control. While both analog and digital images are formed from the same basic materia, the ways in which this matter appears are distinctive. In the case of …

One Song, Many Works: A Pluralist Ontology Of Rock, Dan Burkett

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

A number of attempts have been made to construct a plausible ontology of rock music. Each of these ontologies identifies a single type of ontological entity as the “work” in rock music. Yet, all the suggestions advanced to date fail to capture some important considerations about how we engage with music of this tradition. This prompted Lee Brown to advocate a healthy skepticism of higher-order musical ontologies. I argue here that we should instead embrace a pluralist ontology of rock, an ontology that recognizes more than one kind of entity as “the work” in rock music. I contend that this …

Performing Politics, Troy R.E. Paddock

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

Walter Benjamin’s observation that fascism turns politics into aesthetics is, by now, a well-worn idea. This article argues that Benjamin’s critique of politics can apply just as much to the modern democratic politics of the United States. Borrowing from Benjamin, Jürgen Habermas, and Carl Schmitt, this article suggests that modern political discourse in the United States does not follow the classical liberal ideal of rational discourse in the marketplace of ideas within the public sphere. Instead, contemporary politics has become spectacle where images and slogans replace thought and debate in a 24/7 news cycle and political infotainment programs. The result …

Norms Of Cultivation, Kevin Melchionne

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

In this paper I identify a new group of aesthetic norms, which I call norms of cultivation. Judgments of taste are often accompanied by forecasts or expectations about future aesthetic satisfaction. When we find something beautiful, we expect to find it beautiful in the future. Forecasting is at play in all sorts of aesthetically motivated behavior. Yet psychologists have observed an unreliability in such forecasts. As a result of forecasting error, what we take as our taste can be an unreliable guide in our aesthetic lives. Compensating for the unreliability of taste are norms of cultivation, implicit rules for engaging …

Incomplete Adherence Among Treatment-Experienced Adults On Antiretroviral Therapy In Tanzania, Uganda And Zambia, Julie A. Denison, Olivier Koole, Sharon Tsui, Joris Menten, Kwasi Torpey, Eric Van Praag, Ya Diul Mukadi, Robert Colebunders, Andrew F. Auld, Simon G. Agolory, Jonathan Kaplan, Modest Mulenga, Gideon Kwesigabo, Fred Wabwire-Mangen, David Bangsberg

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objectives—To characterize antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence across different programmes and examine the relationship between individual and programme characteristics and incomplete adherence among ART clients in sub-Saharan Africa.

Design—A cross-sectional study.

Methods—Systematically selected ART clients (≥18 years; on ART ≥6 months) attending 18 facilities in three countries (250 clients/facility) were interviewed. Client self-reports (3-day, 30-day, Case Index ≥48 consecutive hours of missed ART), healthcare provider estimates and the pharmacy medication possession ratio (MPR) were used to estimate ART adherence. Participants from two facilities per country underwent HIV RNA testing. Optimal adherence measures were selected on the basis of degree of association …

Monitoring Youth: The Collision Of Rights And Rehabilitation, Kate Weisburd

Faculty Scholarship

A monumental shift in juvenile justice is underway, inspired by the wide recognition that incarceration is not the solution to youth crime. In its place, “electronic monitoring” has gained widespread support as a new form of judicial control over youth offenders. Supporters herald it as “jail-togo”: a cost-efficient alternative to incarceration that allows youth to be home while furthering rehabilitative and deterrent goals. But despite electronic monitoring’s intuitive appeal, virtually no empirical evidence suggests its effectiveness. Instead, given the realities of adolescent development, electronic monitoring may lead to more harm than good. This Article is the first to examine the …